Journal de mycologie medicale最新文献

{"title":"Immunotherapy against environmental fungi causing respiratory allergy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Allergic respiratory diseases (ARDs) have been one of the major global health problems of the 21st century with an increasing prevalence. A significant proportion of aerobiological particles in the environment is constituted by fungal structures, including those from <em>Alternaria, Cladosporium, Penicillium</em>, and <em>Aspergillus</em> species which are regarded as the four most common fungal genera associated with allergic fungal airway diseases (AFADs). Allergen specific immunotherapy (AIT) has capacity to promote protection as well as long-term tolerance to the allergen, however there have not been adequate number of studies evaluating the efficacy of against AFADs, up till today. Our review would like to draw more attention to the field by summarizing the current literature regarding the clinical use of the immunotherapy, with special focus on <em>Alternaria</em>, and <em>Cladosporium</em> AITs. The area is considered to be vital to public health due to the potential increase in global AFAD cases because of ongoing air pollution and climate impacts. The review also aims to sum up immunological findings associated with mould-AIT which would help further studies to be performed in order to develop an objective method to identify non-responders early in the course of therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and outcome of candidemia among paediatric cancer patients: A single centre experience from India","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Candida species are one of the leading causes of invasive fungal infections in pediatric patients with cancer, resulting in increased treatment related morbidity and mortality. There is limited data with respect to demography and outcomes of candidemia among children with cancer, especially from lower-middle income countries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective observational study conducted over a 4-year Period (January-2017 to December-2021), children less than 15 years with cancer, treated at a tertiary oncology centre in India and diagnosed with candidemia were included. Data with respect to risk factors, species types, treatment, complications and mortality was gathered.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One-hundred and ten children with candidemia were included. The most common underlying malignancy was acute leukemia seen in 72 (66%) patients. Seventy-five (68%) patients had neutropenia (&lt;0.5 × 10^9/L) at the time of diagnosis of candidemia. In addition, 35 (32%) and 34 (30%) patients had prolonged exposure to steroids and antibiotics respectively. Non-albicans Candida species was isolated in majority (90%) of the cases. Fifty-seven patients required some form of modification of therapy for underlying malignancy. The 30-day mortality of the entire cohort was 36% and was 73% for patients admitted to the intensive care unit. On multivariate analysis, only prolonged use of antibiotics [odds ratio: 2.7(1.1-6.7); p = 0.027] was found to be significantly associated with worse 30-day mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present study highlights the burden of candidemia among children with cancer. Despite prompt therapy, our cohort experienced increased mortality, primarily associated with prolonged antibiotic usage. These findings reinforce the critical importance of strict adherence to infection control guidelines and prudent antibiotic stewardship practices to improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rumex japonicus Houtt. Leaves: The chemical composition and anti-fungal activity","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Candida albicans</em> is a pathogenic commensal fungus. <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</em> and <em>Trichophyton rubrum</em> are the leading pathogens of dermatophysis. <em>Rumex japonicus</em> Houtt. has a miraculous effect on the treatment of tinea skin disease, but its mechanism has not been clarified.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This paper investigated the anti-fungal ingredients of the leaves of <em>Rumex japonicus</em> Houtt. (RJH-L) and the mechanism of the anti-fungal (<em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em>).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>First, the chemical composition analysis of RJH-L was conducted by acid extraction and alcohol precipitation, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR); in <em>vitro</em> anti-fungal experiments were carried out, including the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) spore germination rate, germ tube production rate, nucleic acid and protein leakage rate, biofilm structure, PCR, etc., to study the mechanism of action of RJH-L anti-fungal and anti-biofilm activity.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Seven monomer compounds were obtained: anthraquinones (rhein, emodin and aloe-emodin); polyphenols (ferulic acid, <em>p-coumaric</em> acid), and flavonoids (rutin and quercetin). The results of in <em>vitro</em> anti-fungal experiments showed that the extracts of RJH-L had strong inhibitory effect on both fungi (MIC: 1.96 µg/mL-62.50 µg/mL), of which emodin had the strongest effect on <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</em>; and rhein had the strongest effect on <em>Candida albicans</em> and <em>Trichophyton rubrum</em>. The above active components can inhibit the germination of fungal spores and germ tube, change cell membrane permeability, prevent hyphal growth, destroy the biofilm structure, and down-regulate the expression of agglutinin-like sequencefamily1 of biofilm growth.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study shows that RJH-L are rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthraquinones, and play a fungicidal role.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cladosporium cladosporioides brain abscess: An enigmatic case","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A fifteen-year-old boy was brought to emergency department with complaints of altered sensorium, aphasia and right sided hemiparesis following severe dengue one month back. On physical examination, tone was flaccid and power was diminished in right upper and lower limbs. Reflexes were diminished in all four limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple well defined thin walled ring-enhancing lesions in left basal ganglia, bilateral cerebellum, left occipital lobe and bilateral fronto-temporo-parietal lobes. The basal ganglia focus was tapped. Potassium hydroxide-calcofluor white mount of the intra-operative pus sample showed fragmented septate hyphae with folding and with wide variations in breadth. A provisional report of septate and aseptate hyphae suggestive of mixed infection was given. Empirical voriconazole was stopped and the patient was started on liposomal amphotericin B to cover a broader spectrum of molds. Subsequently, fungal culture of the pus sample grew off-white glabrous colonies in multiple culture tubes. On lactophenol cotton blue mount, shield cells were seen suggestive of <em>Cladosporium</em> spp. Amphotericin B was stopped after provisional identification of <em>Cladosporium</em> spp. was given by the laboratory and IV voriconazole was started. The identification was confirmed to be <em>Cladosporium cladosporioides</em> by microculture and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region of the 18s ribosomal DNA<em>.</em> The patient improved with drainage of the largest basal ganglia focus and voriconazole. This case exemplifies the potential of saprobic fungi to cause invasive infections in human.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histoplasmosis in cancer patients: A global scoping review (2001–2024)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although classified as an AIDS-defining illness, several reports show histoplasmosis also affects patients living with cancers including haematological malignancies and solid tumours. However, reviews describing cases of histoplasmosis in malignancies are lacking in the literature. We identified a total of thirty-four cases with twenty (58.8 %) cases reported from the USA, four from Brazil (11.8 %), three from India (8.8 %), and one each from Singapore (2.9 %), France (2.9 %), Netherlands (2.9 %), Colombia (2.9 %), Canada (2.9 %), Morocco (2.9 %), and Malaysia (2.9 %). 82.4 % (<em>n</em> = 28) of the cases were adults. Presenting symptoms were majorly fever (61.7 %), lymphadenopathy (50.0 %) and weight loss (29.4 %). Essential haematologic findings were pancytopaenia (<em>n</em> = 7, 20.6 %), neutropenia (<em>n</em> = 2, 5.9 %) and anaemia (<em>n</em> = 5, 14.7 %). The associated cancers were predominantly haematological and comprised 73.5 % (<em>n</em> = 25) of all cases. The diagnosis of histoplasmosis was via histopathology (<em>n</em> = 23, 67.6%), culture (<em>n</em> = 13, 38.2%), <em>Histoplasma</em> antigen assay (<em>n</em> = 13, 38.2%), anti-<em>Histoplasma</em> antibody assay (<em>n</em> = 5, 14.7%), PCR and sequencing (<em>n</em> = 2, 5.9%), peripheral blood film/direct microscopy (<em>n</em> = 4, 11.8%) and cytology (<em>n</em> = 1, 2.9%). Of the thirty-four cases, twenty-four (70.6%) had favourable outcomes, eight (23.5%) died, one (2.9%) was lost to follow-up and in one (2.9%) case, the outcome was not stated. Histoplasmosis is not an uncommon opportunistic disease complicating malignancies but is paradoxically underdiagnosed in Africa given the huge burden of cancers in that region. Besides following chemotherapy and the use of steroids, tumour necrosis factor-α antagonists therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and environmental exposure were factors associated with <em>Histoplasma</em> infection in patients with malignancies. A resolution to promptly screen suspected or confirmed cases of malignancies for histoplasmosis will improve diagnosis and clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulvovaginal candidiasis, an increasing burden to women in the tropical regions attending Bharatpur Hospital, Chitwan","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a yeast infection commonly caused by the overgrowth of <em>Candida</em> species in and around the vulva and vagina. Abnormal vaginal discharge, itching and irritation, swelling and redness of the vaginal area, pain during sexual intercourse, and dyspareunia are important clinical findings of the infection. Currently, the infection is one of the growing burdens to married women. Moreover, the infection with antifungal-resistant <em>Candida</em> species adds challenges to managing the disease. Hence, this study was conducted to identify the different <em>Candida</em> species causing vulvovaginal candidiasis and to determine its susceptibility pattern against different antifungal drugs. A hospital-based cross-sectional and quantitative study was conducted for the period of six months from September 2022 to March 2023 among symptomatic married women in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of Bharatpur Hospital, Chitwan. A total of 300 symptomatic cases were enrolled in the study. <em>Candida</em> species were isolated from vaginal swabs following standard microbiological procedures and antifungal susceptibility testing was performed with different antifungal agents. The total prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis was found to be 37.3 % (112/300). Among different isolates, <em>Candida albicans</em> was found to be the most predominant (52.6 %), followed by <em>Candida glabrata</em> (29.3 %) among non-<em>albicans</em>. Women from the age group 25–35 years were found to be more infected (47.3 %) and the relationship between contraceptive use and vulvovaginal candidiasis was found to be statistically significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). <em>Candida</em> species showed higher susceptibility toward Amphotericin-B (68.1 %), followed by fluconazole (Diflucan), and Clotrimazole (50.9 %). Whereas the least susceptibility was observed to Voriconazole (27.6 %) and Itraconazole (35.30 %). <em>Candida albicans</em> was comparatively more susceptible to different antifungal drugs than non-<em>albicans</em> species. <em>Candida parapsilosis</em> was only susceptible to Amphotericin-B and the increasing incidence of vaginal candidiasis due to non-<em>albicans Candida</em> indicates the need for routine speciation of <em>Candida.</em></p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142230468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commercial loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia: An alternative to immunofluorescence assays","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A commercial loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay is available for the detection of <em>Pneumocytis jirovecii</em> (Eazyplex®, Amplex diagnostics, Germany). Few centers currently use this LAMP assay in France. Recently, the commercialization of reagents used to perform the <em>P. jirovecii</em> immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was stopped. This study aimed to assess the position of the commercial LAMP <em>P. jirovecii</em> assay in the diagnostic strategy for <em>Pneumocystis</em> pneumonia.</p><p>Over 24 months (August 1, 2021, to September 1, 2023), all bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples with a request for <em>P. jirovecii</em> detection were analyzed with the commercial Eazyplex® LAMP assay, using a Genie 2® device (Amplex, diagnostics), in parallel with the techniques used for direct examination. Specific <em>P. jirovecii</em> quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was subsequently performed.</p><p>In total, 346 BALF samples were analyzed by Diff-Quik coloration, IFA, and the commercial Eazyplex® LAMP assay for initial screening.</p><p>Twenty-six cases of PCP were retained based on radiological, biological and clinical criteria.</p><p>Among the 26 cases of PCP, 11 BALF samples were positive using the initial screening techniques: four with the three techniques, six by IFA and Eazyplex®, and one only by IFA. The eleven BALF samples were positive with the specific <em>P. jirovecii</em> qPCR assay, with a mean quantification cycle (Cq) of 27 [19–32].</p><p>The commercial Eazyplex® LAMP assay is able to provide a result in 25 min and its sensitivity is similar to that of BALF direct examination techniques, such as IFA, which is a technique no longer available on the European market. The sensitivity of the commercial Eazyplex® LAMP assay is however clearly inferior to that of the specific <em>P. jirovecii</em> qPCR assay and, therefore, cannot replace the specific qPCR, but may have a place in the diagnostic strategy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1156523324000490/pdfft?md5=df1519e11c948e1514ab4a6ef96d3fbd&pid=1-s2.0-S1156523324000490-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142094815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive candidiasis in dogs: A case report and review of the literature","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Invasive candidiasis is characterized by the systemic dissemination of <em>Candida</em> spp. and colonization of multiple organs. We are reporting a case of invasive candidiasis in a 3.5-year-old female mixed-breed dog with a history of limb injury. After clinical evaluation and complementary examinations a sepsis diagnose was established. The patient remained hospitalized under antibiotic therapy, dying three days later. Necropsy revealed white, nodular (pyogranulomas), and multifocal areas on the liver, button ulcers in the stomach and intestines, and a random lung consolidation. Impression smears were made from the liver and lung surface lesions during necropsy showing yeast and pseudohyphae structures. Fragments of these organs were sent for fungal culture and subsequent molecular etiologic characterization, identifying it as <em>Candida albicans</em>. Histological examination of different organs showed pyogranulomatous inflammation surrounding the necrosis areas, which were full of yeast and pseudohyphae, as evidenced by periodic acid Schiff and immunohistochemistry. Neutropenia, as a consequence of sepsis, associated with the use of antibiotics may have allowed yeast invasion and proliferation in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, reaching the liver and lungs through hematogenous route. Invasive candidiasis is a rare canine disease, and no other cases of neutropenia associated with antibiotic therapy, as a predisposing factors, have been reported.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of immune recovery and treatment duration on disseminated histoplasmosis consolidation therapy in AIDS patients","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The present study investigated the impact of immune recovery and the duration of antifungal adherence in the consolidation phase of disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients living in a hyperendemic area in northeastern Brazil.</p></div><div><h3>Material and Methods</h3><p>Sixty-nine patients with DH/AIDS, admitted to the São José Hospital between 2010 and 2015, who continued histoplasmosis consolidation therapy at the outpatient clinic were studied. The follow-up duration was at least 24 months.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sixty-eight patients used itraconazole 200–400 mg/day or amphotericin B deoxycholate weekly during the consolidation phase, and six patients relapsed during follow-up. The overall median duration of consolidation antifungal use was 250 days [IQR 101 - 372]. Antifungal withdrawal by medical decision occurred in 41 patients (70.7 %) after a median of 293 days [IQR 128 - 372] of use; 16 patients discontinued by their own decision, with a median of 106 days [IQR 37 - 244] of therapy; three patients had no information available, and nine continued on AF therapy. The median CD4+ <em>T</em>-cell count in the group without relapse was 248 cells/µL [IQR 115–355] within 6 months after admission; conversely, in the relapse group, the median cell count remained below 100 cells/µL. Irregular adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was the leading risk factor associated with relapse and death (<em>p</em> <em>&lt;</em> 0.01).</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The regular use of HAART, combined with immune recovery, proved to be highly effective in preventing relapses in DH/AIDS patients, suggesting that long-term antifungal therapy may not be necessary.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural disasters and the rise of zoonotic diseases: A case of post-earthquake disseminated cryptococcosis in a dog","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cryptococcosis is a systemic zoonotic disease that is challenging to diagnose based on clinical findings in cats and dogs due to the nonspecific nature of its clinical presentation. This case report aims to document the first confirmed case of disseminated cryptococcosis caused by <em>Cryptococcus neoformans</em> in a dog in Turkey and to highlight the potential link between natural disasters such as earthquakes and the emergence of zoonotic diseases in domestic animals. A two-and-a-half-year-old spayed female Cocker Spaniel presented with increased respiratory sounds, skin lesions, facial swelling and enlarged lymph nodes. These symptoms appear to be a complication of <em>Demodex</em> infestation due to the stress experienced by the dog following exposure to a severe earthquake. Diagnostic procedures including cytologic examination, fungal culture and DNA sequence analysis, which confirmed the infection was caused by <em>C. neoformans</em>. Due to the delay in the correct diagnosis of the disease, which, contrary to common data, started as an allergic reaction on the skin and was later diagnosed as a <em>Demodex</em> infestation, the dog died of severe respiratory failure during the treatment with itraconazole. The case highlights the critical role of veterinary emergency and critical care in the diagnosis and management of zoonotic diseases post-natural disasters. It also highlights the need for increased awareness and preparedness among veterinary professionals to address animal health challenges following such events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}