JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: FGL2 as a Multimodality Regulator of Tumor-Mediated Immune Suppression and Therapeutic Target in Gliomas.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf125","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djaf125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"1526-1528"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Restoring Anticancer Immune Response by Targeting Tumor-Derived Exosomes With a HSP70 Peptide Aptamer.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf123","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djaf123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"1529"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colon, colorectal, and all cancer incidence increase in the young due to appendix reclassification.","authors":"Archie Bleyer, Lynn A G Ries, Danielle B Cameron, Sara A Mansfield, Stuart E Siegel, Ronald D Barr","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf038","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djaf038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increases in colon and colorectal cancer incidence among adolescents and young adults have been reported progressively. Most of the increase may be because of an artifact caused by reclassifying appendiceal carcinoids and neuroendocrine tumor (NET) as malignant.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Age-adjusted incidence and survival data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results SEER22 database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In adolescents and young adults during 2000-2020, appendix cancer had an average annual percent change in incidence increase that in males was 3.7 times greater than the next most increasing cancer (average annual percent change = 12.8, 95% confidence interval CI] = 10.9% to 14.6% vs average annual percent change = 3.4 [kidney], 95% CI = 2.7% to 3.5%) and correspondingly in females 2.9-fold greater (average annual percent change = 14.6,95% CI = 11.9% to 17.3% vs average annual percent change = 4.2 [pancreas], 95% CI = 3.6% to 4.8%). From 2000-2009 to 2015-2020, appendix cancer incidence increased 17-, 6.5-, and 2.5-fold in children aged 0-14 years, adolescents and young adults aged 15-39 years, and adults aged 40-49 years, respectively. NET accounted for 95%, 90%, and 80% of appendix cancer increase in the 3 age groups, respectively. In 3446 adolescents and young adults diagnosed during 2010-2020 with malignant appendix NET, the 6-year cancer-specific survival was 99.4% (95% CI = 99.0% to 99.6%). From 2000-2009 to 2015-2020, colon carcinoma incidence in adolescents and young adults increased 61% with the appendix included and only 11% with the appendix excluded.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reclassification of appendix NET/carcinoids as malignant has artifactually increased the incidence of colon, colorectum, and all cancer in children and adolescents and young adults. Appendix NET/carcinoids are rarely fatal in those aged younger than 40 years and should not be considered as cancer and included in colorectal cancer analyses. To the extent that the appendix artifact occurs in adults aged 40-49 years, recommendations for starting colorectal cancer screening earlier may be affected.</p>","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"1340-1349"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of colorectal cancer screening using FIT with varying positivity thresholds by age and sex.","authors":"Matthias Harlass, Amy B Knudsen, Daan Nieboer, Luuk A van Duuren, Karen M Kuntz, Carolyn M Rutter, Pedro Nascimento de Lima, Nicholson Collier, Jonathan Ozik, Anne I Hahn, Fernando Alarid-Escudero, Ann G Zauber, John M Inadomi, Reinier G S Meester, Iris Lansdorp Vogelaar","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) performance for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening varies by age and sex, yet most FIT-based screening programs use uniform thresholds. This study assessed the potential benefits of stratifying FIT thresholds based on age and sex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a meta-analysis of FIT sensitivity and specificity at various positivity thresholds by age and sex. We then used these estimates in two microsimulation models of CRC and projected lifetime clinical outcomes, incremental costs, and quality-adjusted life-years gained (QALYG) from age- and sex-stratified FIT strategies. FIT thresholds ranged from 10 to 50 µg hemoglobin/g feces (µg/g).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For current uniform FIT screening (20 µg/g), models projected 85.67 to 122.15 QALYG at incremental costs of -$982 to $504 per 1,000 individuals compared to no screening. At equivalent costs to current uniform screening, only one model found stratified FIT approaches cost-effective, yielding a marginal increase of 1.04 and 1.10 QALYG/1,000 females and males, respectively. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000/QALYG, both models found stratified FIT cut-offs to be the best strategy, with cut-offs being equal or higher for men and lowest at older ages. Uniform strategies showed comparable effectiveness, falling within one quality-adjusted life day per person of efficient strategies at up to $112 more per person. Results were sensitive to FIT test performance characteristics and one-time setup costs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stratifying FIT thresholds by age and sex may be cost-effective compared to current screening. However, the gain in expected health benefits with stratified FIT screening is likely small.</p>","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerometer-derived concentrated physical activity pattern and mortality in cancer survivors: the UK Biobank accelerometry study.","authors":"Haoting Shi, Zheshen Han, Qing Qu, Jingxuan Huang, Ruixin Pan, Jing Yu, Chao Hu, Qiaoge Chi, Shi Zhao, Jinliang Wang, Xiaosong Chen, Kunwei Shen, Rong Cai","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although reduced mortality associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been reported among cancer survivors, the benefits of a concentrated PA pattern remain unclear. This prospective cohort study included 6,075 cancer survivors from the UK Biobank accelerometry dataset: 2,390 (39.3%) were inactive (< 150 minutes/week), 1,295 (21.3%) were active concentrated (≥ 150 minutes/week and achieved ≥ 50% total MVPA within 1-2 days), and 2,390 (39.3%) were active regular (≥ 150 minutes/week, but other than concentrated). After a median follow-up of 8 years (interquartile range, 7.5-8.5), 634 deaths occurred. Both active concentrated and regular patterns were associated with reduced all-cause mortality (HR 0.72 [95% CI, 0.60-0.86]; HR 0.71 [95% CI, 0.56-0.89]) and non-cancer mortality (HR 0.66 [95% CI, 0.47-0.92]; HR 0.56 [95% CI, 0.35-0.89]). These findings highlight the concentrated PA pattern as a lifestyle intervention for cancer survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Switching between Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare for individuals newly diagnosed with cancer 2015-2019.","authors":"Helen M Parsons, Samuel J Greenwald, Stephanie Jarosek, Sayeh Nikpay, Roxanne M Clark, Nathan Shippee, Carrie Henning-Smith, Lindsey Enewold","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf036","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djaf036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medicare Advantage (MA) plans may offer more benefits and lower costs relative to Traditional Medicare (TM), but may also provide narrower provider networks and preauthorization requirements. We explore the impact of a cancer diagnosis on switching between MA and TM after diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the 2015-2019 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare data to examine patterns of switching between MA and TM after cancer relative to those without cancer. We used binomial generalized estimating equations to evaluate the cancer and sociodemographic characteristics of those with higher probabilities of switching.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among those initially enrolled in MA plans (39.27% of those with vs 40.79% without cancer), 3.76% of individuals with cancer switched to TM compared with 2.23% without cancer. For those initially enrolled in TM, 2.96% of individuals with cancer switched to MA vs 4.35% without cancer. Multivariable analyses demonstrated that, among individuals starting in MA, a cancer diagnosis was associated with a 52.02% increase in switching relative to those without cancer, whereas among those starting in TM, a cancer diagnosis was associated with a 26.90% reduction in switching. Younger individuals, males, dual-eligible, those with more comorbidities, rural-dwellers, and those living in zip codes with higher education and income levels also had higher probabilities of switching from MA to TM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prior to diagnosis, MA enrollment is comparable between individuals with and without cancer. However, after diagnosis, individuals with cancer have higher probability of switching from MA to TM and lower probability of switching from TM to MA.</p>","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"1218-1227"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NF2 loss-of-function and hypoxia drive radiation resistance in grade 2 meningiomas.","authors":"Bhuvic Patel, Sangami Pugazenthi, Collin W English, Vijay Nitturi, Shree S Pari, Tatenda Mahlokozera, William A Leidig, Hsiang-Chih Lu, Alicia Yang, Kaleigh Roberts, Patrick DeSouza, Kyle P McGeehan, Diane D Mao, Namita Sinha, Joseph E Ippolito, Sonika Dahiya, Allegra Petti, Hiroko Yano, Tiemo J Klisch, Akdes S Harmanci, Akash J Patel, Albert H Kim","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf022","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djaf022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>World Health Organization Grade 2 meningiomas (G2Ms) often recur and resist therapies. Grade 2 meningiomas with histopathological necrosis have been associated with worse local control (LC) after radiation therapy, but the drivers and biomarkers of radiation resistance in G2Ms remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed genetic sequencing and histopathological analysis of 113 G2Ms and investigated the role of genetic and microenvironmental factors on clonogenic survival after ionizing radiation. We performed transcriptional profiling of our in vitro model and 18 human G2M tumors by bulk RNA sequencing as well as 8 G2Ms by single nuclei RNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NF2 loss-of-function (LOF) mutations were associated with necrosis in G2Ms (P = .0127). Tumors with NF2 mutation and necrosis had worse post-radiation LC compared to NF2 wildtype tumors without necrosis (P = .035). Under hypoxic conditions, NF2 knockdown increased radiation resistance in vitro (P < .001). Bulk RNA sequencing revealed NF2- and hypoxia-specific changes and a 50-gene set signature specific to radiation-resistant, NF2 knockdown, and hypoxic cells, which distinguished NF2 mutant/necrotic patient G2Ms by unsupervised clustering. Enrichment analysis revealed downregulation of apoptosis pathway genes and upregulation of proliferation-associated genes and genes normally downregulated after UV radiation exposure in NF2-mutant/necrotic tumor cells, which were validated with functional assays.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NF2 LOF in the setting of hypoxia confers radiation resistance through transcriptional programs that reduce apoptosis and promote proliferation. These pathways may identify tumors resistant to radiation and represent therapeutic targets that in the future could improve LC in patients with radiation resistant G2Ms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"1175-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RE: Comprehensive genome profiling for treatment decisions in patients with metastatic tumors: real-world evidence meta-analysis and registry data implementation.","authors":"Jing Yuan, Jianxiong Yu","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf079","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djaf079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"1283-1284"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a high-fiber, high-fruit and high-vegetable, low-fat dietary intervention on the rectal tissue microbiome.","authors":"Doratha A Byrd, Maria Gomez, Stephanie Hogue, Yunhu Wan, Ana Ortega-Villa, Andrew Warner, Casey Dagnall, Kristine Jones, Belynda Hicks, Paul Albert, Gwen Murphy, Rashmi Sinha, Emily Vogtmann","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf034","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djaf034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emerging evidence suggests that bacteria residing in colorectal tissue are plausibly associated with colorectal cancer. Prior studies investigated the effects of dietary interventions on the fecal microbiome, but few assessed colorectal tissue microbiome endpoints. We investigated the effects of a high-fiber, high-fruit, high-vegetable, and low-fat dietary intervention on the rectal tissue microbiome in the Polyp Prevention Trial (PPT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PPT is a 4-year randomized clinical trial with intervention goals of consuming (1) at least 18 g of fiber per 1000 kcal/day; (2) at least 3.5 servings of fruits and vegetables per 1000 kcal/day; and (3) no more than 20% of kcal/day from fat. Using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, we characterized bacteria in rectal biopsies collected at baseline and the end of years 1 and 4 (n = 233 in intervention arm and n = 222 in control arm). We estimated effects of the intervention on alpha and beta diversity and relative abundance of a priori-selected bacteria using repeated-measures linear mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention did not statistically significantly modify rectal tissue alpha diversity. Compared with the control arm, relative abundance of a priori-selected Porphyromonas (absolute intervention effects [standard errors] at T1 vs T0 = -0.24 [0.07] and T4 vs T0 = -0.12 [0.07]; P = .004) and Prevotella (absolute intervention effects at T1 vs T0 = -0.40 [0.14] and at T4 vs T0 = -0.32 [0.15]; P = .01) were more strongly decreased in the intervention arm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PPT intervention did not influence rectal tissue microbiome diversity or the relative abundance of most bacteria, except for 2 oral-originating bacteria that were previously associated with colorectal cancer presence.</p>","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"1237-1244"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Venkataraman and Mokbel.","authors":"Luca Arecco, Eva Blondeaux, Elisa Agostinetto, Evandro De Azambuja, Matteo Lambertini, Lucia Del Mastro","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf087","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jnci/djaf087","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14809,"journal":{"name":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" ","pages":"1289-1290"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}