Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Autologous blood transfusions can stabilize traumatic hemoperitoneum in domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo): 4 cases (2019-2024).","authors":"Angela Q Su, Mark J Vardanega, Justine A Johnson, Lucy H Spelman","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.02.0099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.02.0099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the diagnosis, management, and outcome of 4 ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) with traumatic or suspected traumatic hemoperitoneum managed with autologous blood transfusions (autotransfusions).</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>4 client-owned domestic ferrets.</p><p><strong>Clinical presentation: </strong>All ferrets presented to the emergency service after sustaining a witnessed or suspected trauma. Hemoperitoneum was diagnosed via point-of-care ultrasound and confirmed by abdominocentesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>4 domestic ferrets with a mean age of 2.75 years (range, 1 to 4 years) presented with traumatic hemoperitoneum. Two patients had abdominal ultrasonography that showed a splenic hematoma, and 1 patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy and splenectomy. All patients were administered autologous whole blood transfusions aseptically collected via abdominocentesis or during exploratory celiotomy. The mean volume of blood transfused was 20.75 mL (5 to 48 mL), with an average PCV of 55.5%. Autotransfusion increased the PCV from a pretransfusion mean of 23.25% (12% to 36%) to a posttransfusion mean of 36.5% (33% to 43%). No adverse reactions were noted. Three patients survived to discharge, and 1 patient deteriorated 10 hours following transfusion and suffered cardiopulmonary arrest following suspected further hemorrhage. No delayed adverse reactions to the autotransfusions were reported in any patient.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This is the first reported case series of autotransfusion in ferrets. The use of autotransfusions represented an effective and safe option for the management and stabilization of traumatic hemoperitoneum in this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term complications of splenectomy in dogs with benign splenic disease are not associated with mortality.","authors":"Ali Aly, Jude Aboukhater, Desiree Rosselli, Patrick Carney, Nicole Buote","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.05.0307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.05.0307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Investigate long-term outcomes of dogs that underwent splenectomy for nonmalignant splenic disease and evaluate the risk of postsplenectomy sequelae.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective case series including 104 dogs undergoing splenectomy for a nonneoplastic cause. Medical records created between May 1, 2017, and July 31, 2021, for dogs with ≥ 6-month survival times were reviewed for patient signalment, weight, presence of hemoperitoneum at the time of surgery, indication for splenectomy, and histopathologic diagnosis. A survey was conducted over the phone with dog owners and referring veterinarians to obtain information on survival and incidence of volvulus or torsion of abdominal viscera, blood parasite infection, presumed vascular events, severe or repeated infection, and neoplasia following splenectomy. Survival analysis was performed to assess whether these outcome measures were correlated with mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median follow-up time was 31.4 months (IQR, 19.75 to 45 months). Of 104 patients, 40 (38.5%) developed subsequent neoplasia after splenectomy, 13 (12.5%) experienced a presumed vascular event, 2 (1.9%) experienced a severe or repeated bacterial infection, and none were diagnosed with a blood parasite following splenectomy. Preoperative hemoperitoneum was diagnosed in 26 of 104 patients (25.0%). Preoperative hemoperitoneum, postoperative thrombosis event, subsequent neoplasia diagnosis, and postoperative infection were not predictors of survival beyond 6 months. Age at time of surgery was associated with survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients undergoing splenectomy for benign disease that experienced long-term sequelae were identified. However, an increased risk of death as a result of the complications was not observed.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Veterinary patients may experience long-term sequela following splenectomy; therefore, ongoing monitoring is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid ultrasound scanning technique in dogs and cats.","authors":"Michał Gruss, Maciej Gogulski","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.05.0302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.05.0302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To demonstrate the ultrasound scanning technique of the thyroid gland in dogs and cats.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Dogs and cats undergoing thyroid ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients are typically positioned in dorsal recumbency; however, the examination can also be performed in other positions. A standing position may be particularly beneficial in cats by gently stabilizing the head with one hand while holding the probe in the other hand. The ventral cervical region is clipped, and alcohol is applied, followed by a coupling gel. A high-frequency linear probe is placed transversely over the trachea, caudal to the larynx. The probe is slowly moved caudally until the thyroid lobes are identified lateral to the trachea and medial to the carotid arteries. Each lobe is assessed in transverse and longitudinal planes. The parathyroid glands, when visible, are noted. Cine loops are recorded when necessary to assist in image review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The technique consistently allows identification and evaluation of the thyroid lobes in both dogs and cats. In most cases, examinations are successfully performed without sedation.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Ultrasonography provides a noninvasive and accessible method for evaluating the thyroid glands in dogs and cats. The mastery of proper scanning techniques facilitates the recognition of anatomical structures and pathological changes, enhancing both clinical and research applications. This method also provides a foundation for ultrasound-guided sampling procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal elevation in equine adrenocorticotropic hormone occurs throughout the contiguous United States and is influenced by latitude and age.","authors":"Toby L Pinn-Woodcock, Sebastián G Llanos-Soto, Renata Ivanek, Erin Goodrich, Elisha Frye, Amy Wells, Kathleen Mullen, Elizabeth Arbittier, Lauren Hughes, Emily Berryhill, Peggy Brosnahan, Lauren Buslinger, Lauren Schnabel, Sally DeNotta, Martha Mallicote, Simon Peek, Ned J Place","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.04.0223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.04.0223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether seasonal variation in equine plasma ACTH concentrations is affected by latitude between 29.7°N and 45.0°N in the US.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort study was performed between June 2019 and May 2020 in which plasma ACTH was measured monthly by chemiluminescence immunoassay. The study involved 201 apparently healthy horses from 9 locations within the US classified into northern, central, and southern latitude cohorts. Data analysis was performed with 3 major objectives: (1) identify outlier ACTH concentrations and horses; (2) estimate ACTH upper reference limits to define expected ACTH concentrations in healthy horses; and (3) identify factors influencing ACTH concentrations using linear mixed-effects regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following outlier analysis, 154 horses remained from 3 latitude cohorts: northern (n = 29), central (84), and southern (41). Concentrations of ACTH were highest during late August and September and early October for all latitude cohorts. In horses over 15 years of age, ACTH was higher than in younger horses year-round, with a greater magnitude of increase during the seasonal elevation in ACTH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A seasonal elevation in ACTH occurred in horses throughout the contiguous US, with lower ACTH in horses in the southern compared to central cohort. Further investigation is required to determine the influence of latitude on horses that reside closer to the equator and the role of the changing photoperiod coinciding with the start of seasonal elevation in equine ACTH.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Season and age should be considered when interpreting baseline ACTH concentrations in horses throughout the contiguous US.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four-site distal paravertebral blocks improve physiologic indicators of analgesia in the immediate postoperative period as opposed to a 3-site distal paravertebral block.","authors":"Maya K Keefer, Margaret A Mooring, Kim Love, Jennifer Halleran, Derek Foster, Kelley M Varner","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.02.0120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.02.0120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine differences in surgical and postoperative analgesia between 3-site distal paravertebral (DPV) blocks and modified 4-site DPV blocks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>12 healthy dairy or dairy cross steers were randomized into 1 of 2 treatments, 3-site DPV block (3DPV) or 4-site DPV block (4DPV); 2 mg/kg of 2% lidocaine was administered at each site-lumbar vertebrae 1, 2, and 4 in the 3DPV group (6 mg/kg), and an additional injection at lumbar vertebrae 3 for the 4DPV group (8 mg/kg). Heart and respiratory rates, temperature, reaction scores, and surgical condition scores were collected. Postoperative pain scores and physiologic data were collected for 24 hours following surgery. An ordinal logistic mixed-effects model was used to compare surgical conditions, reaction scores, and pain scores. A linear mixed-effects model was used for normally distributed data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The success rate of 3DPV blockade was 5 of 6 (83%), and that for 4DPV was 6 of 6 (100%). Only 11 steers were included in the data analysis due to the failed block. The 4DPV group had lower respiratory rates following the return to stall (32 ± 3 vs 44 ± 4 breaths/min; P < .019). Additionally, the 4DPV group had significantly lower heart rates immediately following the return to the stall (62 ± 8 vs 88 ± 9 beats/min; P < .036). No differences in pain scores or intraoperative conditions were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adding an injection site at L3 in a DPV reduced postoperative heart rate and respiratory rate in steers following laparotomy.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Adding a fourth injection site at L3 decreases physiologic indicators of postoperative discomfort.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144768659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in 13 Pugs with presumptive early necrotizing meningoencephalitis.","authors":"Rebecca C Windsor, Samuel Stewart, Jennifer M Cassano, Boaz Arzi, Valentine S Williams, Linda Black, Mario Mosqueda, Anna Bonfitto, Marcus Naymik, Ignazio Piras, Heather Wilson-Robles, Chand Khanna, Dori L Borjesson, Matt Huentelman","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.05.0354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.05.0354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the tolerability and activity of IV allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy in 13 Pugs with presumptive early necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>255 Pugs were screened from 2021 to 2024 for neurological examination (NE) abnormalities suggestive of early NME. All dogs received a minimum of 2 NEs spaced 2 to 4 weeks apart. An NE score (NES) was assigned at each visit. Magnetic resonance imaging, CSF analysis, and infectious disease testing was obtained in all affected Pugs. Pugs with consistent or progressive NES and MRI or CSF findings supportive of early NME were eligible for MSC therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NE abnormalities prior to MSC therapy included spinal hyperesthesia (11 of 13 [85%]), paw placement deficit (11 of 13 [85%]), menace deficit (9 of 13 [69%]), obtundation (9 of 13 [69%]), seizures (7 of 13 [54%]), and ataxia (4 of 13 [31%]). The NES improved in all dogs within 24 hours of the first dose of MSC (mean improvement, 86%). Mild adverse events were noted after 3 of 30 MSC doses (10%). All 13 dogs are currently in remission (follow-up time, 5 to 43 months); 7 of 13 Pugs (54%) remained in remission after MSC therapy alone, and 6 of 13 (46%) required the addition of immunosuppressive therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IV allogeneic MSC administration was well tolerated and resulted in immediate clinical benefit in this small cohort of Pugs with presumptive early NME. Strategies to maintain the long-term benefits of MSC therapy require further study.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Immunomodulatory MSC therapy may be a potential treatment for neuroinflammatory disease in dogs. Further studies are needed to optimize long-term benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144768660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal rotational laxity of the stifle is increased in dogs predisposed to or affected by medial patellar luxation or cranial cruciate ligament disease.","authors":"Emma Faulkner, Dominique J Griffon, Fanglong Dong, Zachary Morris, Daniel Nucci, David J Schaeffer","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.03.0154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report and compare the range of stifle rotation in dogs predisposed to, or affected by, medial patellar luxation (MPL) or cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD) with that of Greyhounds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Greyhounds (negative controls), sound dogs of breeds predisposed to MPL or CCLD, and dogs with MPL or CCLD were enrolled in this clinical prospective study between December 5, 2022, and October 27, 2023. They underwent orthopedic examination and goniometric measurements of tibial torsion and stifle rotation, flexion, and extension. Limbs were classified as having low risk for, being predisposed to, or being affected by stifle disease. Body condition scores, tibial torsion, stifle rotation, flexion, and extension were compared between groups of limbs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data were collected on 208 limbs (104 dogs), classified as 48 controls, 37 limbs predisposed to MPL, 47 limbs predisposed to CCLD, 44 limbs with MPL, and 32 limbs with CCLD. Internal rotation was greater in stifles diagnosed with MPL (median, 38.83°; IQR, 35.67° to 46.83°) or CCLD (median, 32.17°; IQR, 25.67° to 35.67°) than in controls (median, 12.0°; IQR, 10.33° to 13.33°). Similar results were obtained when sound limbs predisposed to MPL (median, 32.22°; IQR, 27.67° to 35.67°) or CCLD (median, 32.17°; IQR, 25.67° to 35.67°) were compared to those of Greyhounds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Internal rotation exceeded that of control limbs by approximately 20° in stifles predisposed to or affected by MPL or CCLD.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These findings provide evidence of an association between rotational laxity and the presence of or predisposition to MPL and CCLD in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phospholipase A2 inhibitor may shorten the duration of clinical signs in the treatment of neurotoxicity caused by eastern coral snake (Micrurus fulvius) envenomation in 3 dogs.","authors":"Cory Woliver, Victoria Kastenholz, Carl Southern, Adesola Odunayo, Michael Schaer, Ashley Allen-Durrance","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.04.0275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.04.0275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the use of varespladib, a synthetic, small molecule secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) inhibitor, in the treatment of severe eastern coral snake envenomation with signs of neurotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>3 dogs presenting to a tertiary referral academic teaching hospital.</p><p><strong>Clinical presentation: </strong>3 dogs with tetraparesis, hypoventilation, and other clinical signs of eastern coral snake (Micrurus fulvius) envenomation presented to a tertiary referral academic teaching hospital between September 1, 2024, and March 30, 2025, and were treated with varespladib, coral snake antivenom, and supportive care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All dogs made a complete and expedited recovery. None of the dogs required mechanical ventilation. The total hospitalization time for each dog was approximately 50 to 70 hours, significantly shorter than the previously published hospitalization duration (187 to 196 hours) without intervention with varespladib. No adverse effects were attributed to varespladib or antivenom administration.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Varespladib may have a role in shortening the duration of the clinical signs of dogs envenomated by coral snakes and may reduce the need for mechanical ventilation in affected dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sentinel lymph node mapping with computed tomography lymphangiography and intraoperative methylene blue peritumoral injection has a high detection rate with moderate agreement in dogs with oral neoplasms.","authors":"Sohee Bae, Charly Mckenna, Stephanie Goldschmidt, Owen T Skinner, Judith Bertran, Debbie Reynolds, Michelle L Oblak","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.11.0758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.11.0758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the feasibility of indirect CT lymphangiography (CTL) and intraoperative lymphangiography with methylene blue (IOL-MB) for sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in canine oral cancer and to report both agreement between the techniques and accuracy of identifying metastatic lymph nodes (LNs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study included 38 client-owned dogs with gross macroscopic or incompletely excised microscopic oral neoplasms. All dogs underwent CTL, IOL-MB, and extirpation of bilateral mandibular and retropharyngeal LNs. The detection rate of SLNs using the combined techniques was evaluated, and agreement between CTL and IOL-MB was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combined techniques identified all metastatic cases (4 of 4 dogs, 6 of 6 LNs) and achieved an SLN detection rate of 97.4% (37 of 38 dogs), with moderate agreement between modalities (76.8%; κ = 0.481). Nine cases showed discrepancies between the techniques, including 1 involving a metastatic LN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CTL and IOL-MB demonstrated moderate agreement and an excellent detection rate for SLNs. With moderate agreement between modalities, our results suggested that the relationship between mapped LNs and true SLNs is not always straightforward.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Results of this study suggested that SLN mapping techniques are most effective when there is no evidence of overt clinical LN metastasis. Employing at least 2 modalities is advisable, as metastasis may impact SLN identification rates depending on the technique utilized.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenylbutazone treatment of mares does not reduce embryo production via intracytoplasmic sperm injection.","authors":"Kristen D Loncar, Hunter A Ortis, Rob R Foss","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.04.0285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.04.0285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Production of embryos via intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a common clinical procedure in equine practice. A recent study indicates that treatment of mares with phenylbutazone paste significantly lowers blastocyst production after ICSI of recovered oocytes. The current study was conducted to determine the effect of different methods of phenylbutazone administration on in vitro embryo production of recovered oocytes in mares.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In study 1 (July 29 through September 18, 2024), 14 mares received either oral liquid phenylbutazone once daily for 10 days or no treatment. On the last day of treatment, all mares underwent transvaginal follicle aspiration (TVA) and recovered oocytes were matured and subjected to ICSI. The mares were then crossed over into the alternate treatment, and TVA and ICSI were repeated. In study 2 (October 29 through December 25, 2024), 15 mares received liquid phenylbutazone IV, phenylbutazone paste orally, or no treatment in a 3-way crossover design. After each session, the groups were rotated so that each mare received each of the 3 treatments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In study 1, oocyte recovery rates, maturation rates, cleavage rates, and blastocyst rates per injected oocyte (oral liquid phenylbutazone group, 49%; control group, 46%) did not differ significantly between the 2 treatments. In study 2, oocyte recovery rates, maturation rates, cleavage rates, and blastocyst rates (IV phenylbutazone group, 42%; oral phenylbutazone paste group, 30%; control group, 42%) did not differ significantly between treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Administration of phenylbutazone to mares, as performed in this study, did not have an effect on in vitro embryo production.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Mares that are undergoing TVA and ICSI can remain on phenylbutazone for comfort and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}