Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"\"These incidents have changed me\": a thematic analysis of highly distressing events in veterinary practice.","authors":"Sharon Kramper, Eric S Crosby, Sydney N Waitz-Kudla, Malissa Clark, Tracy K Witte","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.03.0206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Define the types of events veterinary professionals report as highly distressing in the workplace and compare the frequency of exposure between veterinarians and veterinary support staff.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>359 veterinary professionals (veterinarians, n = 281; veterinary support staff, 78) participated in an anonymous online survey between January and June 2016 and provided open-ended narratives about their exposure to highly distressing events in the workplace. We conducted thematic analysis to define the narrative themes, determined the frequency of highly distressing events, and used χ2 tests to determine whether the frequency of highly distressing events differed between veterinarians and veterinary support staff.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most frequently reported events were procedure-related complications, client difficulties, being bitten, and exposure to pain and suffering of animals. Most (n = 224 [62%]) participants reported exposure to one or more highly distressing events at work, and there was no statistically significant difference between veterinarians and veterinary support staff for overall frequency of exposure. However, veterinary support staff were more likely to identify difficult euthanasia cases and exposure to unethical practices as highly distressing than veterinarians.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study defined the types and determined the frequency of highly distressing events among veterinary professionals.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These findings can be used to inform veterinary medicine procedure/policy changes to prevent highly distressing events from occurring and/or to plan intervention strategies to ameliorate any negative effects of highly distressing events.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avermectin-induced neurotoxicity and mortality reported more commonly in cats homozygous for ABCB11930_1931del TC after application of eprinomectin- versus selamectin-containing products.","authors":"Katrina L Mealey, Neal S Burke, Jennifer Huesser, Michael H Court, Nicole Cline, Nicolas F Villarino","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.05.0304","DOIUrl":"10.2460/javma.25.05.0304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the frequency of the feline multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) mutation (ABCB11930_1931del TC) among cats experiencing macrocyclic lactone neurotoxicosis after treatment with the labeled dosage of eprinomectin- or selamectin-containing parasiticides.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Feline patients that suffered neurological adverse effects after application of the labeled dosage of eprinomectin- or selamectin-containing parasiticide products were recruited to provide medical records and submit a DNA sample. Those with reactions highly consistent with macrocyclic lactone toxicosis were deemed cases and were compared on the basis of the macrocyclic lactone involved, outcome (survived or died), and MDR1 genotype.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between March 1 and December 31, 2024, 47 potential cases were identified. Twenty-seven of these met the inclusion criteria. For 26 of the 27 cases, eprinomectin was the causative macrocyclic lactone, while selamectin was the causative macrocyclic lactone for 1 case. The MDR1 genotype distribution for the 26 cases of eprinomectin-induced toxicosis was 21 of 26 (81%) homozygous for ABCB11930_1931del TC, 4 of 26 (15%) homozygous wild type, and 1 (4%) unknown. The genotype for the selamectin-induced toxicosis case was unknown. Eprinomectin-induced neurological toxicosis resulted in death or euthanasia in 12 of 27 cases (44%; 10 homozygous for ABCB11930_1931del TC, 1 homozygous wild type, and 1 unknown).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neurotoxicosis was observed in cats treated with parasiticide products containing eprinomectin and selamectin at their labeled dosage. Cats with P-glycoprotein deficiency appear to be at increased risk for eprinomectin toxicity.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Eprinomectin-containing parasiticides should not be used in cats with P-glycoprotein deficiency. A label warning is indicated to prevent additional serious and fatal adverse reactions in this identifiable subpopulation of cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progressive paraparesis in a Weimaraner mixed-breed dog.","authors":"Marielis Guzmán-Sánchez, Crystal Wee, Mark Troxel, Jennifer O Brisson, Taryn A Donovan","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.03.0174","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can implementing spectrum-of-care approaches in management of canine diabetes mellitus improve dog and owner outcomes?","authors":"Jocelyn Mott, Laura D Garrett, Chen Gilor","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.04.0288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.04.0288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine diabetes mellitus (DM) is a treatable disease, yet euthanasia rates are high. Anticipated costs, impact on owner lifestyle, and financial constraints contribute to early euthanasia. Insulin, diet, monitoring, and veterinary care make up the bulk of expenses, and substituting affordable choices in one or more of these areas can significantly affect overall costs without compromising care. There is not a \"best\" approach for managing all diabetic dogs, rather, management tailored to the needs of the owner and dog. Spectrum-of-care approaches in diabetic dogs are urgently needed to lower costs, increase survival, and improve dog and owner outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vital pulp therapy in dogs maintains an 80% success rate independent of patient age: a 25-year retrospective study.","authors":"Ethan Elazegui, Elias Wolfs, Scott J Hetzel, Jason W Soukup","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.04.0224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.04.0224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To reassess the success rate of vital pulp therapy (VPT) in dogs and evaluate the impact of patient age and pulp exposure duration on outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The University of Wisconsin Veterinary Care medical records database was searched for dogs undergoing VPT from January 2000. Patient age, pulp exposure duration, and other variables were recorded. Radiographs taken before, immediately after, and at the last follow-up were evaluated. Outcomes were categorized as successful, having no evidence of failure, or failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 219 VPT cases, 48 dogs with 79 teeth met the inclusion criteria. The VPT success rate was 80% (63 of 79). No significant correlation was found between age and success. Longer exposure (> 24 hours) was linked to longer time to failure, while shorter exposure (< 24 hours) had a shorter time to failure, compared to immediate treatment. Deep penetration of pulp dressing significantly increased failure odds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VPT remains a viable alternative to root canal therapy for managing pulp exposure in dogs, with an 80% success rate. While age and exposure duration did not significantly impact outcomes, pulp dressing depth and treatment indication (eg, malocclusion vs complicated crown fracture) did.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study updates the success rate of VPT in dogs and examines factors influencing outcomes with current standards. Potential advancements in biomaterials and regenerative endodontics to improve future success are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematologic abnormalities do not correlate with survival in dogs with multiple acquired portosystemic shunts.","authors":"Loni Albrecht, Shannon D Dehghanpir, Chin-Chi Liu, Nathalie Rademacher, Andrea N Johnston","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.03.0141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether anemia, thrombocytopenia, and RBC morphologic changes are identified in canine patients with multiple acquired portosystemic shunts (MAPSS), and to determine whether hematologic abnormalities in dogs with MAPSS correlate with survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a retrospective study from January 2014 to December 2023, CBC, RBC morphology, biochemistry results, diagnostic imaging findings, diagnosis, and survival times were recorded. Dogs were categorized on the basis of suspected MAPSS etiology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-seven client-owned dogs diagnosed with MAPSS were included. Thirty-five percent of dogs with MAPSS were anemic, with a median RBC concentration of 5.79 X 106/µL (range, 2.48 X 106 to 9.11 X 106/µL; reference interval, 5.4 X 106 to 8.4 X 106/µL). Poikilocytosis was identified in 43% of dogs with MAPSS. Thrombocytopenia was reported in 65% of dogs with MAPSS with a median platelet concentration of 177 X 103/µL (range, 10 X 103 to 635 X 103/µL; reference interval, 220 X 103 to 600 X 103/µL). Hematologic abnormalities did not correlate with survival. Median survival of dogs with MAPSS was 100 days (range, 0 to 2,217 days; n = 35, with survival data unavailable for 2 dogs). Thirty-five percent of dogs with MAPSS survived for > 1 year after diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Long-term survival is possible in dogs with MAPSS regardless of hematologic abnormalities. The reduction in platelets in dogs with MAPSS may be caused by splenic sequestration, consumption secondary to vascular shear stress, or coagulation derangements related to the underlying disease.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Anemia, poikilocytosis, and thrombocytopenia are not prognostic indicators of survival in dogs with MAPSS.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lameness in a ewe.","authors":"Agustín Rebollada-Merino, Mary C Smith, Elizabeth L Buckles","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.05.0313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.05.0313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salmonella infections in white ibis nestlings in urban areas as a result of environmental contamination reveal a potential health risk to humans and animals.","authors":"Julia Silva Seixas, Sonia M Hernandez, Katherine F Christie, William A Norfolk, R Scott Rozier, Elizabeth Kurimo-Beechuk, Lisa Hoopes, Michael J Yabsley, Erin K Lipp","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0144","DOIUrl":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salmonella is an important zoonotic pathogen of wildlife and humans. Adult white ibis (Eudocimus albus), an abundant bird in urbanized landscapes in Florida, have a high Salmonella prevalence (26%). Salmonella surveillance of nestlings improves our understanding of transmission and infection dynamics and disease risks. To determine Salmonella epidemiology in ibis nestlings, 2 studies were conducted. First, 24 free-living ibis chicks were captured for an experimental infection trial to evaluate susceptibility and clinical outcome. Most (58%) were shedding Salmonella at capture, but prevalence decreased to zero. After there were no Salmonella detections for 5 weeks, the chicks were inoculated with 106 Salmonella Typhimurium. Seven had evidence of inoculation: 3 of 7 (42.8%) shed at 1 day following inoculation and 1 of 7 (14.2%) at 5 days following inoculation. Only 1 bird developed clinical signs for approximately 24 hours. Second, the Salmonella prevalence between free-living nestlings from 1 urban and 2 natural rookeries were compared. Weekly sampling from hatch until fledging revealed Salmonella shedding up to 22 days. Salmonella prevalence was higher in the urban nestlings. Thirty-two serotypes were detected; Salmonella Rubislaw and Salmonella Reading were the most common, and 19% and 13% of serotypes were in the top 10 and 20 responsible for human cases in the US, respectively. These studies show an absence of clinical disease with Salmonella infection in young birds and the demographic and anthropogenic factors that impact Salmonella shedding, relevant at the human-wildlife interface. An important aspect of Salmonella epidemiology is environmental persistence, which is addressed in a companion Currents in One Health by Perez et al, AJVR, June 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1077-1084"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Announcing the 2025 Journal Award winners.","authors":"Lisa A Fortier","doi":"10.2460/javma.263.7.824","DOIUrl":"10.2460/javma.263.7.824","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":"263 7","pages":"824-826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum C-reactive protein typically increases at 24 hours postoperatively and then tends to decrease in a majority of dogs following uncomplicated digestive surgery.","authors":"Maxime Le Baut, Julien Boullenger, Paul Sériot, Emilien Griffeuille, Antoine Dunié-Mérigot, Jolivet Franck, Sophie Gibert","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0133","DOIUrl":"10.2460/javma.25.03.0133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels during a short postoperative course in dogs following uncomplicated digestive surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dogs that underwent uncomplicated digestive surgery for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes were prospectively enrolled in this monocentric study from August 31, 2023, to August 31, 2024. Blood CRP concentrations were measured the day prior to surgery and then every 24 hours until day 3 to determine CRP variations in the short-term postoperative period. Physical examination was performed twice daily in each dog until discharge, and abdominal ultrasounds were systematically performed at 48 hours postoperatively to assess the surgical site and monitor for any signs of digestive dehiscence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>27 client-owned dogs met the inclusion criteria. Surgical procedures included enterotomy, gastrotomy, and/or resection anastomosis. Median CRP concentrations at the preoperative period and 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively were 88 mg/L (IQR, 100.7 mg/L), 175.6 mg/L (IQR, 79.2 mg/L), 106 mg/L (IQR, 67.8 mg/L), and 87.3 mg/L (IQR, 50.5 mg/L), respectively, and were above the reference intervals. All values were significantly different from each other at each time point, except between the preoperative period and 48 and 72 hours postoperatively. C-reactive protein values showed a rapid elevation on the first day peaking at 24 hours postoperatively in 81.5% of dogs and decreased rapidly in patients with an uncomplicated postoperative course.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevations in CRP levels were expected during a normal postoperative course, typically peaking on the first day in the majority of dogs, and decreased rapidly.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study established the evolution of serum CRP concentrations in dogs following uncomplicated digestive surgeries.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}