Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Silicon surface multiplex immunoassay (Accuplex) for antibodies against Anaplasma spp and Ehrlichia spp is a robust option for tick-borne pathogen screening in dogs.","authors":"Michelle D Evason, Graham Bilbrough, Jennifer L Willcox, Gregory Freeman, Jere W McBride, Michael R Lappin, Christian M Leutenegger","doi":"10.2460/javma.26.05.0396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.26.05.0396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a point-of-care (POC) test (SNAP 4Dx Plus; Idexx Laboratories Inc) versus a proprietary silicon surface multiplex immunoassay (SSMIA) test (Accuplex; Antech Diagnostics Inc) with indirect fluorescent antibody as the reference method (REFERENCE) for detecting antibodies against Anaplasma spp and Ehrlichia spp in dogs and to compare SSMIA test results with period prevalences reported by the Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anonymized retention-released serum samples from dogs in the US submitted to a commercial laboratory between July 1, 2023, and September 30, 2024, were classified as true positive or true negative for each antibody via REFERENCE. Performance metrics (sensitivity, specificity, and Cohen κ) were calculated (REFERENCE as the standard) for SSMIA versus POC. Additional separate serum samples from dogs in Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania underwent SSMIA testing alone in July 2024, and results were compared with respective period prevalence data reported by the CAPC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Test methods did not differ significantly for detection of antibodies against Anaplasma spp (n = 310 samples). Silicon surface multiplex immunoassay was significantly more sensitive than POC for Ehrlichia spp antibody detection (n = 309 samples). Another 2,031 samples underwent SSMIA testing alone, and positivity rates were generally higher for SSMIA detection as compared to CAPC reporting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings support SSMIA as a robust option for routine tick-borne pathogen exposure screening in dogs.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Our work provides veterinarians with field and comparative performance data on 2 commercially available tests, informing evidence-based contextualized diagnostic options.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of MDR1/ABCB1 c.1930_1931delTC variant is rare in US domestic cats.","authors":"Aashish Joshi, Becky Fankhauser, Sarah A Hansen, Robert S Livingston, Philip Young, Jeba R J Jesudoss Chelladurai","doi":"10.2460/javma.26.06.0483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.26.06.0483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the prevalence of the 2-bp deletion genetic variant (ABCB1 c.1930_1931delTC) in the feline multidrug resistance ABCB1 (previously MDR1) gene, which has been associated with sensitivity to P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate drugs in cats with homozygous mutations, utilizing a large population screen of genomic DNA samples from purebred and mixed-breed domestic cats in the US.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional epidemiological study utilized conveniently available, unbiased, residual whole blood samples that were obtained from 12,000 US domestic cats and submitted to Idexx Laboratories between March and October 2025. Variant detection was performed with a validated dual-probe real-time PCR assay to detect 3 potential genotypes: wild type, homozygous mutant for variant allele, or heterozygous.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A majority of the cats tested were wild type (> 98%), while 1.5% (181 cats) had the heterozygous genotype. Only 0.025% (3 cats) were homozygous for the ABCB1 c.1930_1931delTC variant. The variant allele frequency was 0.8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This survey of domestic pet cats in the US demonstrated that the prevalence of the homozygous ABCB1 c.1930_1931delTC variant is rare.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The low prevalence of homozygous mutations in cats in this large-scale survey provides veterinarians confidence in prescribing products that are P-gp substrates, such as cyclosporine, loperamide, emodepside, and macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin, eprinomectin, selamectin, milbemycin oxime, and moxidectin). If concerns arise for individual cats, veterinarians can consider ABCB1 genotyping prior to administering P-gp substrates. While these results provide information on the prevalence of ABCB1 c.1930_1931delTC, future research on other known polymorphisms will help us fully understand ABCB1/MDR1 mutations in cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shelter dogs harbor diverse tick species and demonstrate high exposure to tick-borne pathogens in a zone of tick range expansion.","authors":"Colleen E Shockling Dent, Jed Henning, Ningzhu Bai, Troy Koser, Syd Wilson, Yiming Chu, Risa Pesapane","doi":"10.2460/javma.26.06.0477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.26.06.0477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) among Ohio shelter dogs and identify factors associated with canine exposure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included dogs admitted to an Ohio shelter partner between January 2020 and January 2021. Paired tick and blood samples were collected at intake. Ticks were identified and tested for TBPs by PCR; dogs underwent serologic testing and PCR. Logistic regression assessed associations between demographic and clinical variables and seropositivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 273 dogs were enrolled. Four tick species, including Haemaphysalis longicornis, were found on 22% of dogs. Overall, 43.9% were seropositive for ≥ 1 TBP and 24% for multiple TBPs. Seroprevalence was highest for Borrelia burgdorferi (33.5%) followed by Ehrlichia spp (24.4%) and Rickettsia spp (19.8%). Few dogs were PCR positive, and clinical signs were uncommon (3.7%). Tick PCR detected several relevant pathogens. Tick presence and host factors were associated with increased odds of seropositivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ohio shelter dogs demonstrate high exposure to diverse TBPs despite few PCR-positive results and infrequent clinical signs. Paired testing of dogs and attached ticks provides integrated information relevant to veterinary and public health surveillance in a region experiencing increasing tick abundance and pathogen prevalence.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Tick presence at intake may help prioritize testing when universal screening is infeasible. Rickettsia seropositivity should be interpreted cautiously because serologic cross-reactivity complicates clinical interpretation and species-level attribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic eyelid ulceration in a domestic longhair cat.","authors":"Laura R Gilbar, Sarah Richardson","doi":"10.2460/javma.26.08.0667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.26.08.0667","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales enteric colonization among patients admitted to a companion animal intensive care unit.","authors":"Daniela Hidalgo Montealegre, Christy A King, Dixie F Mollenkopf, Joany C Van Balen, Edward S Cooper, Thomas E Wittum, Dubraska Diaz-Campos","doi":"10.2460/javma.26.05.0359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.26.05.0359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate prevalence and identify factors associated with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) enteric colonization in companion animals admitted to an ICU.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population included canine and feline patients admitted to The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center ICU between January 2024 and June 2025. In total, 5,552 rectal swabs were collected from 3,834 patients during routine screening. A retrospective case-control study included all CRE-positive patients (n = 61) and randomly selected CRE-negative controls (137). Cases were defined as ICU patients with at least 1 positive CRE fecal culture during hospitalization, whereas controls had no positive CRE fecal cultures during their hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of CRE colonization was 1.59% (61 of 3,834 patients; 95% CI, 1.24% to 2.04%). Escherichia coli carrying blaNDM was the most frequently identified isolate, accounting for 78.7% (48 of 61 patients; 95% CI, 66.9% to 87.1%). Predictors of CRE colonization included increased comorbidity burden (unit OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.43 to 2.75), intact reproductive status (OR, 4.39; CI, 1.47 to 11.03), longer hospitalization (unit OR, 1.31; CI, 1.14 to 1.53), recent surgery (OR, 2.72; CI, 1.29 to 5.87), and antimicrobial use within the previous 3 months (OR, 2.71; CI, 1.23 to 6.07).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These predictors suggest targets for infection prevention and control measures to protect patients and staff. The association between recent antimicrobial exposure and CRE colonization reinforces the importance of antimicrobial stewardship in veterinary medicine.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Although uncommon, CRE-colonized patients can serve as reservoirs for transmission and are at risk of subsequent infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kindness in veterinary practice: clinical behaviors that support safer care.","authors":"Rustin M Moore, Catherine Haskins, Casey Etter, Julie Davidson, Julie Legred","doi":"10.2460/javma.26.06.0498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.26.06.0498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Veterinary medicine is experiencing increasing clinical complexity, workforce strain, and challenges in clinician-client-team interactions that can impair cooperation, decision-making, and care delivery. Although kindness is often viewed as a personal attribute, evidence from neuroscience, behavioral science, human healthcare, and emerging veterinary literature suggests that specific kindness-related clinical behaviors may influence how people experience and respond to veterinary encounters. This narrative review examines how behaviors such as agenda-setting, permission-based pacing, low-stress handling, nonjudgmental option framing, using the teach-back method, following up, and performing short team debriefs are intended to reduce stress and defensiveness, strengthen trust, preserve engagement, and support decision-making during difficult clinical interactions. It also outlines practical ways these behaviors may be incorporated into veterinary clinical workflows and identifies priorities for veterinary-specific research. Although causal relationships in veterinary settings remain to be established, this review offers a practical way to examine how quality of interactions may influence safety, care delivery, and workforce sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral trazodone alone or in combination with gabapentin reduces the expression of stress-related behaviors in a randomized controlled trial with shelter dogs.","authors":"Anna Delabar, Colleen S Koch, Amanda Burling, Laurie Wallace, John R Middleton","doi":"10.2460/javma.26.05.0384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.26.05.0384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effects of oral trazodone and gabapentin on the expression of stress-related behaviors (SRBs) in shelter dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SRBs were compared among shelter dogs treated orally with trazodone (8 mg/kg), gabapentin (25 mg/kg), trazodone (8 mg/kg) with gabapentin (25 mg/kg), or neither (control) the evening before and the morning of surgical neuter (ovariohysterectomy or castration). Dogs were enrolled between September 2020 and October 2021. Video recordings captured the behavior at baseline, 14 hours after the first treatment, and 1.5 hours after the second treatment. Fifteen SRBs were scored independently by blinded observers as present (1) or absent (0). Minute 1 recordings were in the absence of a person, and minute 2 recordings were in the presence of a person. The final SRB score was the sum of scores assigned by each observer at each time point, ranging from no SRB to 15 SRBs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>60 dogs and 13 SRBs were included in the final analysis. Mean behavior score was lower at minute 1 than minute 2 at baseline, the trazodone and combination groups had a significant reduction in mean behavior score, and the gabapentin group had an increase in mean behavior score. Mean scores in the control group did not differ over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oral trazodone alone or with gabapentin prior to surgery may be beneficial in reducing SRBs in shelter dogs.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Oral trazodone alone or in combination with gabapentin may be useful in mitigating SRBs in dogs during veterinary care and related procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should veterinarians apply a 2-step framework to classify adiposity and diagnose clinical obesity in dogs and cats?","authors":"Ernie Ward, Julie Churchill","doi":"10.2460/javma.26.06.0499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.26.06.0499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity drugs are entering veterinary trials, and prescribing them should follow a diagnosis. Body condition score is not a diagnosis; it describes a patient's adiposity, not whether it is causing illness. This Viewpoint proposes 2 steps for diagnosing clinical obesity in dogs and cats: describe, then diagnose. Step 1 describes adiposity as overweight or obesity. Step 2, applied only when obesity is documented, assigns a disease stage; clinical obesity requires a documented, clinically meaningful abnormality attributed to adiposity. The framework is proposed for consensus and validation. Structured weight loss begins at overweight; nutritional assessment applies to every patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemotherapy achieved prolonged local control of mammary adenocarcinoma in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus).","authors":"Joseph A Impellizeri, Lisa Di Bernardi, Victoria E Milne, Misty M Garcia, Francesca Millanta, Margaret Massaro, Elisa B Sanchez, Antonella Conforti, Luigi Aurisicchio","doi":"10.2460/javma.26.08.0662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.26.08.0662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Tumors in elephants present substantial therapeutic challenges because of their large size, anatomical complexity, and the risks associated with surgical intervention. Targeted electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as an effective local treatment modality in both human and veterinary oncology. However, its application in exotic species has been rarely reported.</p><p><strong>Animal: </strong>An adult female Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) housed at the El Paso Zoo in Texas.</p><p><strong>Clinical presentation, progression, and procedures: </strong>The elephant was diagnosed with a large solid tumor considered unsuitable for conventional surgical management. The animal underwent 6 cycles of ECT consisting of intratumoral bleomycin administration followed by the delivery of electric pulses according to established veterinary ECT protocols.</p><p><strong>Treatment and outcome: </strong>Treatment was well tolerated, with no clinically apparent adverse effects. Effective tumor reduction was observed in response to the first 3 ECT treatments, resulting in sustained local tumor control for more than 1 year. Electrochemotherapy was feasible, safe, and clinically effective in achieving prolonged local tumor control in an Asian elephant with mammary adenocarcinoma.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing the use of ECT in an elephant for the treatment of a large solid tumor. The favorable clinical outcome and absence of significant adverse effects support the feasibility and potential utility of ECT as a minimally invasive treatment option for neoplastic diseases in elephants and other exotic species. Furthermore, this case exemplifies a reverse translational approach in which therapeutic strategies established in human oncology are successfully adapted to veterinary medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes were evaluated in 82 dogs with B-cell lymphoma treated with adoptive T-cell therapy following cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy.","authors":"Theresa E Westfall, Joseph A Impellizeri","doi":"10.2460/javma.26.05.0419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.26.05.0419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe clinical outcomes and adverse events in dogs with B-cell lymphoma treated with adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT) following cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of 82 dogs with B-cell lymphoma that received ACT following CHOP chemotherapy between 2017 and 2025 were retrospectively reviewed. Overall survival was defined as the time from lymphoma diagnosis to death from any cause or last follow-up. Post-ACT survival was defined as the time from first ACT infusion to death from any cause or last follow-up. Time to next anti-lymphoma treatment was defined as the time from first ACT infusion to initiation of subsequent lymphoma-directed therapy. Survival outcomes were estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>82 dogs met inclusion criteria. Median overall survival from diagnosis was 660 days (95% CI, 539 to 781 days). Median post-ACT survival was 368 days (95% CI, 261 to 474 days), and median time to next anti-lymphoma treatment was 317 days (95% CI, 284 to 350 days). Adoptive T-cell therapy was generally well tolerated following CHOP chemotherapy. Adverse events occurred in 5% (4 of 82) of dogs; most were grade 1 or 2, with 1 grade 3 event reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinical outcomes varied among dogs with B-cell lymphoma treated with ACT following CHOP chemotherapy. Adoptive T-cell therapy was generally well tolerated, with adverse events reported in 4 of 82 dogs.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study describes clinical outcomes and adverse events in 82 dogs with B-cell lymphoma that received ACT following CHOP chemotherapy. These findings provide clinical data on the use of ACT in this patient population and may inform the design of prospective controlled studies evaluating ACT in canine B-cell lymphoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}