Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Well-executed debriefings conducted after adverse medical events are associated with psychological safety, work engagement, job fulfillment, and reduced burnout.","authors":"Lori R Kogan, Mark Rishniw","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.05.0334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.05.0334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess veterinarians' experiences with debriefings after adverse medical events and explore the relationship between positive debriefing experiences and psychological safety, job fulfillment, burnout, and work engagement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey was distributed to veterinarian members of the Veterinary Information Network (approx 43,000) from March to April 2025. The survey assessed demographics, adverse medical event experiences, debriefing practices, team psychological safety (Edmondson scale), job fulfillment and burnout (Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index), and work engagement (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale). Multiple regression analyses evaluated associations between debriefing quality and workplace well-being measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 186 respondents, 86.6% reported involvement in at least 1 adverse medical event in the previous 12 months, with 59.7% experiencing events causing serious patient harm. Only 49.5% reported debriefings occurring often/always after serious events and 26.8% after minor events, and 13.4% held regular morbidity and mortality rounds. Quality of debriefing experiences was associated with team psychological safety (R2 = 0.38), job fulfillment (R2 = 0.35), reduced burnout (R2 = 0.31), and all work engagement dimensions (vigor, R2 = 0.30; dedication, R2 = 0.22; and absorption, R2 = 0.15), independent of debriefing frequency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Well-executed debriefings that include key components for productive discussion are positively associated with psychological safety, job fulfillment, and work engagement while reducing burnout among veterinarians.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Given the prevalence of adverse medical events in veterinary practice and their potential negative impact on professionals, implementing structured debriefings with trained facilitators could significantly improve both patient outcomes and veterinary team well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dog owners are concerned about ambient air quality and require veterinary guidance.","authors":"Danielle Scott, Ashley A Anderson, Katie M Abrams, Marilee Long, Bonne Ford, Sheryl Magzamen, Colleen G Duncan","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.02.0124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.02.0124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To understand dog owners' familiarity with air quality issues, the sources of information they use and trust, and their willingness to adopt health-protective actions during nearby wildfire events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed and deployed a survey to a sample of dog owners living in the western US (n = 836). We used descriptive analysis to describe survey results and ordinal regression analysis to explore potential factors that may influence owners' health-protective behavior in response to nearby wildfire events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite expressing concern that poor air quality could negatively impact their dog's health and welfare, few owners actively monitored air quality; less than one-fifth of respondents reported knowing the Air Quality Index (AQI) well, and only one-quarter said they check the AQI frequently. Essentially all surveyed dog owners (99%) relied on veterinary professionals for pet health information, with 91% considering them the most trustworthy source for obtaining health information. Similarly, dog owners identified healthcare professionals, including veterinarians, as the most trusted source for recommendations regarding the AQI. Regarding the likelihood of an owner adopting health-protective behavior during a nearby wildfire event, their attachment to their pet was consistently significant; the odds of acting increased as attachment increased. Other independent variables explored had mixed results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlighted the role the veterinary profession plays in educating owners about environmental hazards, such as air pollution, to prevent and mitigate exposure risks.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>We provided ways of incorporating this education into veterinary practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to use agenda-setting: a communication tool to enhance appointment efficiency.","authors":"Katja A Sutherland, Natasha Janke, Jane R Shaw","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.06.0377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.06.0377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe and demonstrate agenda-setting in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Appointments with any patient(s) can benefit from agenda-setting early in the interaction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Establishing a mutual agenda is a 9-step process that takes into consideration the client and veterinary professional agendas. Agenda-setting begins with eliciting the client's agenda in 6 steps: eliciting their reasons for the visit, concerns for the pet, and goals and expectations; summarizing back to them; checking for more items; and identifying the client's priority. In the last 3 steps, the veterinary professional shares their agenda items, negotiates a mutual agenda that includes both the client and veterinary professional agendas, and summarizes the shared agenda before a final check for additional items.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Agenda-setting is a clinical communication process that supports the development of a shared roadmap for an appointment, leading to enhanced appointment efficiency.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Agenda-setting is a practical tool that can be employed by the veterinary team to enhance appointment efficiency, reduce the occurrence of late-rising client concerns, meet client expectations, and enhance client satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical management of cricopharyngeal achalasia in Spaniels results in favorable outcomes, with persistence or recurrence of mild signs documented in some dogs.","authors":"Claire Henderson, Matteo Rossanese, Alvaro Salmoral, Daniela Murgia","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.06.0415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.06.0415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe clinical presentations, diagnostic findings, surgical treatments, and outcomes for Spaniels with cricopharyngeal achalasia (CPA).</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>18 purebred or mixed-breed Spaniels treated surgically for CPA between 2003 and 2022.</p><p><strong>Clinical presentation: </strong>Owners most commonly reported dysphagia (n = 13) and coughing when eating or drinking (10). There were 10 males (9 sexually intact, 1 castrated) and 8 sexually intact females. Median age and weight were 6 months (range, 5 to 59 months) and 8.0 kg (range, 0.8 to 22.0 kg), respectively. Median age at onset of clinical signs was 3 months (range, 5 to 6 months; n = 15). Body condition score on a scale from 1 (emaciated) to 5 (obese) was documented for 17 dogs: 13 dogs had a body condition score of 3/5, and 4 had a score of 2/5.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fluoroscopic barium-swallow esophagography was performed for all dogs, and all had findings consistent with CPA. Dogs underwent cricopharyngeal myectomy (n = 10), cricopharyngeal myectomy and thyropharyngeal myotomy (5), cricopharyngeal myectomy and thyropharyngeal myectomy (2), or cricopharyngeal myotomy alone (1). Seventeen dogs survived to hospital discharge: 11 had immediate complete resolution of signs, 5 had partial resolution, and 1 had no clinical improvement. Clinical signs recurred in 3 dogs after initial cricopharyngeal myectomy.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Differential diagnoses for young dysphagic dogs should include CPA. Our findings suggest that dogs undergoing surgical treatment for CPA have favorable outcomes; however, some dogs in this study had persistence or recurrence of mild clinical signs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Percutaneous catheterization of the jugular vein via a long line inserted in the caudal auricular vein of the pig.","authors":"Chiara E Hampton, Christopher K Smith, Silke Hecht","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.06.0413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.06.0413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide video guidance on performing percutaneous catheterization of the jugular vein via the caudal auricular vein in pigs.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Pigs of any size with a caudal auricular vein in which percutaneous placement of an 18-gauge catheter is attainable.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Venous catheterization can be difficult in pigs due to their anatomical features. In fact, jugular access may require surgical placement of an indwelling catheter under general anesthesia. With the pig in sternal or lateral recumbency and under sedation or general anesthesia, this technique is performed with the use of a 20-gauge X 45-cm long line placed through an 18-gauge catheter via the caudal auricular vein. The line is advanced to the desired length, potentially reaching the external jugular vein via the maxillary vein. Flushing and sampling are performed to confirm patency. The female luer connector is then secured to the skin of the pinna and covered with bandaging material. Catheter positioning can be confirmed via thoracic radiographs or via fluoroscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This line can be used for fluid and/or drug administration and venous blood sampling.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Venous catheterization is essential for in-hospital therapy and in the research setting. Any veterinary practitioner, technician, or researcher working with swine of nearly any size can use this simple technique to administer fluids and drugs and sample blood for clinical and/or research purposes, avoiding the need for technically demanding options such as surgical or ultrasound-guided approaches to jugular catheterization. The simplicity of this technique also allows for this skill to be performed without specialized training or equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined lidocaine and xylazine increases the duration of analgesia in proximal paravertebral blocks in adult dairy cattle compared to lidocaine alone.","authors":"Cassandra A Klostermann, Marta Garbin, Marie Babkine, Sylvain Nichols, Paulo V Steagall, André Desrochers","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.06.0410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.06.0410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop an ultrasound (US)-assisted proximal paravertebral block (PPVB) technique and compare the duration of analgesic effects of US-assisted PPVBs using lidocaine and lidocaine plus xylazine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>US-assisted PPVBs were performed in a hospital setting in 7 university-owned adult Holsteins with either 90 mL of lidocaine total or 89.4 mL of lidocaine plus 0.6 mL (12 mg) of xylazine in a randomized, blinded, cross-over design with each cow receiving each block after a 7-day washout period. Proximal paravertebral block success and duration were tested up to 8 hours after injection with a needle-pinprick test in 3 sites (dorsal, middle, and ventral) along a paralumbar fossa incision line beginning about 10 cm ventral to the transverse processes and about 10 cm caudal to the last rib. The success and duration of anesthesia of lidocaine and lidocaine-xylazine PPVBs, as well as differences between the 3 sites, were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The needle-pinprick analgesic scores were significantly different 4 hours after lidocaine and lidocaine-xylazine PPVBs at the dorsal and ventral sites along a flank incision. The lidocaine group returned to pre-PPVB scores significantly earlier (4 hours) than the lidocaine-xylazine group (6 hours).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of lidocaine-xylazine significantly increased the duration of anesthesia compared to PPVBs performed with lidocaine alone.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Lidocaine and xylazine are readily available to veterinarians and relatively inexpensive. In a clinical setting, using lidocaine and xylazine to perform PPVBs may be useful to prolong flank anesthesia in adult cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging is modifiable: current perspectives on healthy aging in companion dogs and cats.","authors":"Delphine Moniot, David Allaway, Emma Bermingham, Nathalie Dowgray, Margaret Gruen, Sara Hoummady, Brennen McKenzie, Natasha J Olby, Tanya Schoeman","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.06.0412","DOIUrl":"10.2460/javma.25.06.0412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is a universal, continuous, and complex process in which an animal's biological ability to resist, react to, and recover from environmental stressors declines and there is an alteration of physiological processes in response to accumulating cellular damage. In companion dogs and cats, aging is often perceived as an unmodifiable decline in physical and mental capabilities combined with increased morbidity, all aligned with chronological age. An insufficient understanding of healthy aging means missed opportunities to alter the trajectory of health span and maintain overall quality of life despite those changes that are inevitable. We believe that the course of aging is modifiable throughout an individual's entire life, with healthy, or successful, aging being an achievable goal. We explored herein 3 aspects of healthy aging: the need for a better scientific understanding of aging processes in dogs and cats and practical potential of biological aging clocks; a meaningful definition of healthy aging; and greater use of validated clinical monitoring tools and resources. A universal, meaningful, and actionable definition of healthy aging is needed to dissociate aging from declining health and poor quality of life in all their manifestations. The unique relationship between pets and their caregivers may demand a more expansive definition than that for humans. We propose that healthy aging in dogs and cats should be regarded as aging in which the individual maintains functional capabilities and develops resilience sufficient to meet their own physical, behavioral, social, and emotional needs throughout all adult life stages, while sustaining the human-animal bond.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high proportion of bacterial isolates from septic neonatal foals in Ontario express multidrug resistance and low susceptibility to first-line antimicrobials.","authors":"Daniela Espinosa Seoane, Christopher Bruce Riley, Daniel G Kenney, Ashley Spencer, Luis Guillermo Arroyo","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.05.0339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.05.0339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe common bacterial isolates cultured from sick neonatal foals and their antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of foals ≤ 30 days of age, admitted to the Ontario Veterinary College from 2020 to 2023, and with a positive aerobic bacterial culture and susceptibility testing performed (Kirby-Bauer method) were included. A descriptive analysis of species isolated and antimicrobial and multidrug resistance profiles was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>62 samples from 60 predominantly Thoroughbred (42% [25 of 60]) neonatal foals (median age, 8 days) yielded 104 isolates of 34 bacterial species and genera. Enterococcus spp (22% [23 of 104]), Streptococcus equi subsp zooepidemicus (17% [18 of 104]), Escherichia coli (12% [12 of 104]), Actinobacillus equuli subsp haemolyticus (8% [8 of 104]), and Staphylococcus aureus (8% [8 of 104]) were most frequent. Antimicrobial susceptibility was highest to chloramphenicol (74% [75 of 102]), ceftiofur (68% [71 of 104]), and enrofloxacin (64% [66 of 103]). Gram-positive isolates were most susceptible to chloramphenicol (87% [53 of 61]), ampicillin (75% [38 of 61]), and rifampin (70% [43 of 61]). Gram-negative bacteria were most susceptible to enrofloxacin (81% [34 of 42]) and ceftiofur (71% [30 of 42]). An amikacin plus ampicillin combination had the highest susceptibility (78% [70 of 90]). Multidrug resistance for the 104 isolates was 78% (81 of 104): 66% (41 of 62) for gram-positive isolates and 93% (39 of 42) for gram-negative isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>S equi subsp zooepidemicus was the most common species and Enterococcus was the most common genus, but a breadth of equine-associated and environmental species were cultured. There was a high proportion of isolates expressing multidrug resistance and low susceptibility to first-line antimicrobials.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Ongoing susceptibility monitoring and implementation of an effective antimicrobial stewardship program for this patient population is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical management of otitis media in pet rabbits by partial ear canal ablation without bulla osteotomy: a retrospective study of 26 cases.","authors":"Sophie Favier, Paul Rafael, Graham Zoller, François X Ferrand","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.05.0336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.05.0336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the clinical outcomes associated with lateral wall resection of the external auditory canal by partial ear canal ablation (PECA) without bulla osteotomy in rabbits and compare our results with other techniques described in the literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study based on medical records from 2021 to 2023 of rabbits with otitis media treated surgically with PECA. The surgical technique, outcomes, follow-up, complications, and potential risk factors were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>26 rabbits with otitis media were included in this study. All underwent a PECA procedure and were monitored for a minimum of 3 months postoperatively. All rabbits survived the procedure. The main preoperative clinical signs included vestibular syndrome (46%), facial paresis (35%), and auricular stenosis (27%). Postoperative clinical signs resolved in 92% of cases. Two rabbits showed persistent vestibular syndrome. The major complication rate was 7%, and the minor complication rate was 27%. Bacterial culture was performed in 15 cases and positive in 40% (6 of 15) of rabbits, with Staphylococcus aureus identified in 50% of the positive cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PECA without bulla osteotomy was associated with favorable clinical outcomes in most rabbits with otitis media. The procedure resulted in resolution of clinical signs in the majority of cases, with a low rate of major complications. Persistent neurological deficits occurred in a small proportion of patients, highlighting the need for careful case selection and owner counseling.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>PECA without bulla osteotomy may be an effective therapeutic option for rabbits with otitis media.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scrotal hernias in dogs should not be ruled out based on castration status and may require enterectomy.","authors":"Emily M Austin, Lauryn Cooper, Janet A Grimes, Elizabeth Kawecki-Wright, Insung Chun, Ameet Singh, James Crowley, Andrew Marchevsky, Hayley M Gallaher, Vanna M Dickerson","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.06.0363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.06.0363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the clinical presentation, surgical management, and clinical outcomes of scrotal hernias (SHs) in dogs.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>21 dogs with SHs were identified by a search of medical records at 6 institutions from August 2004 to August 2024.</p><p><strong>Clinical presentation: </strong>15 intact and 6 previously castrated male dogs with SHs were identified. Median age was 27 months (IQR, 4 to 114 months), and median weight was 7.4 kg (IQR, 4.1 to 12.7 kg). Scrotal swelling was observed on examination of 20 dogs. Clinical signs possibly related to the SH were reported in 10 dogs, most commonly vomiting or anorexia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Abdominal radiographs, ultrasound, and/or surgical findings revealed herniation of omentum in 8 dogs, small intestine in 7 dogs, and a paraprostatic cyst in 1 dog; imaging findings were confirmed in surgery. The SH was unilateral in all cases. Eighteen dogs were managed with surgical intervention (herniorrhaphy), most commonly through a caudal abdominal approach. Three dogs required enterectomy; all presented with vomiting. Two dogs were conservatively managed, and 1 dog was euthanized without treatment due to traumatic injuries. Incisional complications were noted in 4 dogs and resolved with outpatient therapy. Median follow-up time in dogs that underwent surgery was 188 days (IQR, 15 to 1,668 days), with no hernia recurrence reported.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>SHs are typically diagnosed in young male dogs, are typically unilateral, and may be diagnosed after castration in some cases. Imaging findings and clinical signs, namely anorexia and vomiting, may help determine the need for emergency surgery. Outcome following surgical repair is excellent.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}