Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Most agility dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture return to competition within 2 years of injury.","authors":"Debra C Sellon, Denis J Marcellin-Little","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.12.0767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.12.0767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify factors associated with return to canine agility competition after cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective owner reports of dogs competing in agility at the time of CCLR and which were ≥ 2 years from the date of initial injury were analyzed. An online questionnaire was used to collect information related to dog signalment, agility activities, CCLR injury and treatment, and return to competition after injury. For categorical variables, ORs with 95% CIs were calculated for the outcome variable of return to competition. Continuous variables were compared using a Mann-Whitney rank sum test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 148 dogs, 110 (74.3%) returned to competition within 2 years of injury. These dogs were more likely to be owned by someone with more agility experience; be treated by a veterinarian with advanced training (OR, 2.9; CI, 1.3 to 6.4); engage in > 10 competitions/y (OR, 2.4; CI, 1.1 to 5.2); and compete at a high level (OR, 2.5; CI, 1.2 to 5.4). Dogs spayed or neutered at ≥ 2 years of age were more likely to return to agility after CCLR (OR, 2.9; CI, 1.2 to 7.4).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Many dogs successfully return to agility competition after CCLR.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The likelihood of return to agility may be greater for a dog in good physical condition prior to injury and that is owned by an individual with strong commitment to the sport who seeks treatment from a specialized veterinarian.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical incisions in sea turtles have a moderately high complication occurrence but heal well with appropriate management: 70 incisions for 52 turtles (2008-2024).","authors":"Florence Coderre, Kelly Rockwell, Kathryn A Tuxbury, Melissa J Joblon, Julie M Cavin, Robert J McCarthy, Constance Merigo, Adam Kennedy, Charles J Innis","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.01.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.01.0013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To document surgical incision healing for hospitalized sea turtles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records for sea turtle surgical cases from a single hospital between 2008 and 2024 were retrospectively evaluated. Cases that involved traumatic wounds or open fractures that were present at the time of admission, ophthalmic surgery, or acoustic transmitter implantations were excluded. Species, weight, time since admission to the hospital, surgical procedure, methods, duration, temporal proximity of diagnostic testing and antibiotic use, and presence of major comorbidities were evaluated as related to healing duration and complication occurrence. Complicated incisions were defined as those that required substantial additional medical or surgical management to promote healing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>48 Kemp's ridley turtles (Lepidochelys kempii) and 4 loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) had 70 surgical incisions. Fifty-five incisions for 38 turtles healed, while 14 turtles (15 incisions) died prior to healing. Complications occurred in 20% of the 55 incisions. Orthopedic surgical incisions had a higher complication rate (37.5%) compared to soft tissue surgical incisions (6.5%). Complicated incisions had longer healing duration (mean ± SD, 74 ± 25 days; median, 75 days; range, 40 to 113 days) compared to uneventful incisions (mean ± SD, 41 ± 13 days; median, 39 days; range, 20 to 81 days). Body weight was positively associated with healing duration. Although the use of suture instead of staples for skin closure was positively associated with complications, this may have been related to nature of the surgery (orthopedic vs soft tissue) rather than the skin closure method.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sea turtle surgical incisions have a moderately high rate of complications, especially for orthopedic procedures. Complications may not be apparent for several weeks, but they can be successfully managed. Incisions generally heal within several months, even if complicated.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Given the complication rate in the present study, careful postoperative monitoring is recommended for several months following surgery in sea turtles, and additional management may be needed in cases with complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre- and postoperative assessment of an ulnar fracture repair.","authors":"Alejandro Merchán Muñoz, Marie-Soleil Dubois, Ramés Salcedo-Jiménez, Oren Ofer, Nicola Cribb","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.11.0734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.11.0734","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why it's time to control bovine leukemia virus.","authors":"Paul C Bartlett","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.12.0784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.12.0784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many of us were taught in school that a small percentage of US cattle had bovine leukemia virus (BLV), and its impact was so small that control was not necessary. A lot has changed. Bovine leukemia virus has spread and now infects almost half of US dairy cattle and about a third of our beef cattle. We have learned that BLV disrupts immune function and can indirectly reduce milk production and shorten cow lifespan. Recent claims of human health risks need to be evaluated, and animal welfare aspects must be addressed. These issues will become more important as the dairy industry competes with nondairy alternatives. Fortunately, 2 new BLV control methods are made possible by a new diagnostic test that measures each cow's shedding of infectious particles. Control is possible by culling the usually small minority of cows that are responsible for most of the transmission. The genetic linkage to high BLV shedding has been found to be remarkably strong, and it is anticipated that animal breeders will soon start offering sires with alleles associated with low-level BLV shedding.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio is higher in dogs in the intensive care unit that do not survive to discharge.","authors":"Marica M Montgomery, Lisa M Freeman, Armelle M de Laforcade, Elizabeth A Rozanski","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.12.0830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.12.0830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To measure the C-reactive protein (CRP)-to-albumin ratio in critically ill dogs with a variety of underlying diseases that were hospitalized in the ICU. We hypothesized that (1) the CRP-to-albumin ratio would be significantly higher in critically ill dogs with a high Acute Patient Physiologic and Laboratory Evaluation (APPLEfast) score compared to those with a low APPLEfast score and (2) the CRP-to-albumin ratio would be significantly associated with outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CRP-to-albumin ratio was measured prospectively in 93 client-owned dogs admitted to the ICU between September 18, 2023, and November 21, 2024. Dogs were categorized by their APPLEfast scores (APPLEfast < 25 and APPLEfast ≥ 25) for comparison. The primary outcome was survival to discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dogs in the high APPLEfast group (n = 45) had a significantly higher CRP-to-albumin ratio than dogs in the low APPLEfast group (48). Dogs that did not survive to discharge (23 of 93 [24.7%]) had a significantly higher CRP-to-albumin ratio than dogs that survived to discharge (70 of 93 [75.3%]). There was no significant relationship between the individual biomarkers, CRP or albumin, and survival to discharge.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CRP-to-albumin ratio, but not CRP alone, was higher in more severely ill dogs and was associated with outcome.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The CRP-to-albumin ratio is a predictor of outcome in this population of critically ill dogs. Further research is warranted to determine whether this biomarker would be valuable to help predict outcome, allocate resources, and monitor patients as an individual biomarker or as a refinement to other tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guide for nonswine practitioners to enhance swine disease diagnoses.","authors":"Marta Mainenti, Rachel J Derscheid, Pablo Piñeyro, Scott L Radke, David H Baum, Eric R Burrough","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.11.0742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.11.0742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the vast majority of the US swine population is concentrated in 5 states (Iowa, Minnesota, North Carolina, Illinois, and Indiana), the rest is spread out across the US including pork production, hobby farms, pet pigs, and research facilities. The number of novel diseases and laboratory tests that have been established in recent years can be intimidating or overwhelming for practitioners who do not routinely work with this species. This review aims to help clinicians across the country that may not have an in-depth experience in swine medicine become more familiar with both common and novel pathogens, formulate a differential diagnosis based on the age of the animals and affected system (eg, respiratory, systemic, nervous, and enteric), select proper samples and laboratory testing, and interpret laboratory data to achieve a disease diagnosis in porcine patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced guidance for veterinary microbiological culture specimen handling will improve quality of results: a survey of best practices.","authors":"Rebecca Franklin-Guild, Toby Pinn-Woodcock, Cassandra Guarino","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.11.0754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.11.0754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Lack of accessible veterinary-specific guidelines for the selection of specimen collection containers, transport media, and storage temperatures before laboratory arrival leads to suboptimal culture specimen handling, negatively impacting specimen quality and diagnostic value. Our objective was to summarize best practices for microbiological culture specimen handling by veterinary professionals and provide an accessible chart for guidance when handling culture specimens for submission to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Survey microbiologists in veterinary diagnostic laboratories across the US to evaluate a culture specimen-handling chart developed by the New York State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory/Animal Health Diagnostic Center at Cornell University for distribution to veterinarians.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey was completed by 26 participants, representing at least 14 laboratories, including 20 respondents from laboratories accredited by the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians. Survey responses were critically evaluated, and modifications were made to create a final version of the culture specimen-handling chart reflecting the recommendations of this broad group of subject matter experts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Microbiological sample-handling best practices depend on numerous factors, especially the specimen site, specimen type, organisms present and/or suspected, and the time necessary to transport the sample to the laboratory. Following available manufacturer instructions on culture collection devices and media is important, and it is good practice to consult your testing laboratory to understand their culture practices, preferences, and limitations.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Following best practices for culture specimen handling will help ensure that laboratory results are accurate and relevant, which in turn will facilitate optimal clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Percutaneous enzymatic chemonucleolysis of intervertebral disks appears safe and effective in treatment of acute-onset paraparesis and paraplegia in small dogs.","authors":"Paul Freeman, Genna Atiee, Eileen M Donoghue, Nick D Jeffery","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.12.0790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.12.0790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the safety and effectiveness of intradiscal chondroitinase injection as a pragmatic treatment for nonambulatory paraparesis and paraplegia in small dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this phase 1 clinical trial, dogs presented to 2 university neurology clinics between January 2023 and June 2024 with acute-onset nonambulatory paraparesis or paraplegia occurring within 48 hours before presentation. Included animals weighed < 15 kg and were between 2 and 10 years old, with caregivers who were unable to afford decompressive surgery. Under fluoroscopic guidance, each dog received 1.25 U of chondroitinase ABC into each of 4 consecutive intervertebral disks in the clinically identified lesion location. Recovery was defined as the ability to walk 50 steps without assistance by 4 months after the injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>54 dogs were included, with 4 lost to sufficient follow-up. In those with appropriate follow-up, 38 of 40 dogs (proportion, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.00) with intact pain sensation to the hindquarters recovered by a median of 11 days after the intervention, and 4 of 10 dogs (0.4; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.69) without pain sensation recovered. No adverse effects related to the injection procedure were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In dogs with intact pain perception, this nonsurgical intervention is associated with similar proportion and time to recover as decompressive surgery. Because of the small case number, uncertainty remains regarding the effectiveness of this intervention in dogs in which hindquarter pain perception has been lost.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Nonsurgical treatment for presumed disc-associated paresis and paraplegia appears promising. Randomized controlled trials are required for assessment of effectiveness versus decompressive surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Veterinary team relational coordination is associated with healthier perception of workplace psychological climate, increased job satisfaction, and reduced intention to leave.","authors":"Kirsten Blokland, Natasha Janke, Jason B Coe","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.09.0570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.09.0570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe veterinary professionals' perceptions of relational coordination (RC) within their veterinary hospital and examine associations with perceived workplace psychological climate, job satisfaction, and intention to leave.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All 4,676 employees working in 136 corporate-owned veterinary hospitals were invited to respond to an online survey. Measures included employees' perceptions regarding RC, workplace psychological climate, job satisfaction, and intention to leave their hospital. Ordinal logistic regressions examined associations between perceived RC and each of the aforementioned variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>578 employees from 114 veterinary hospitals participated. Participants perceived moderate RC with team members (mean, 3.91 out of 5), perceived their workplace psychological climate to be fair (mean, 3.23 out of 7), reported being satisfied with their job (mean, 70.42 out of 100), and did not intend to leave their hospital (mean, 2.26 out of 5). After controlling for hospital setting, stronger perceptions of RC were significantly associated with greater odds of rating workplace psychological climate at a more favorable level (OR, 5.78; 95% CI, 4.16 to 8.04) and rating job satisfaction at a higher level (OR, 5.12; 95% CI, 3.60 to 7.29), with lower odds of rating intention to leave their current hospital at a higher level (OR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.39).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>On average, employees reported moderately positive perceptions of each measure. Perceived RC within veterinary teams was associated with a healthier perception of workplace psychological climate, increased job satisfaction, and reduced intention to leave.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Findings highlight the important role that RC may have for veterinary practices, specifically in fostering employees' perceptions of their workplace psychological climate, enhancing job satisfaction, and reducing employee attrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How can the veterinary profession tackle social media misinformation?","authors":"Rachel E Moran, Oliver Knesl","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.10.0665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.10.0665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The spread of misinformation on social media has become a pressing issue across various fields, including veterinary medicine. Pet owners increasingly rely on social media for animal health information, where distinguishing between factual and nonfactual content is challenging. The rise of social media influencers has complicated credibility assessments, as nonexperts can gain substantial influence despite lacking expertise. This Viewpoint article synthesizes current research on misinformation in animal healthcare, emphasizing the importance of preemptively addressing misinformation and fostering trust between veterinarians and pet owners. It advocates for veterinarians to take an active role in debunking rumors and establishing transparent mechanisms for addressing false information, ensuring that pet owners receive accurate, science-based guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}