Percutaneous catheterization of the jugular vein via a long line inserted in the caudal auricular vein of the pig.

Abstract

Objective: To provide video guidance on performing percutaneous catheterization of the jugular vein via the caudal auricular vein in pigs.

Animals: Pigs of any size with a caudal auricular vein in which percutaneous placement of an 18-gauge catheter is attainable.

Methods: Venous catheterization can be difficult in pigs due to their anatomical features. In fact, jugular access may require surgical placement of an indwelling catheter under general anesthesia. With the pig in sternal or lateral recumbency and under sedation or general anesthesia, this technique is performed with the use of a 20-gauge X 45-cm long line placed through an 18-gauge catheter via the caudal auricular vein. The line is advanced to the desired length, potentially reaching the external jugular vein via the maxillary vein. Flushing and sampling are performed to confirm patency. The female luer connector is then secured to the skin of the pinna and covered with bandaging material. Catheter positioning can be confirmed via thoracic radiographs or via fluoroscopy.

Results: This line can be used for fluid and/or drug administration and venous blood sampling.

Clinical relevance: Venous catheterization is essential for in-hospital therapy and in the research setting. Any veterinary practitioner, technician, or researcher working with swine of nearly any size can use this simple technique to administer fluids and drugs and sample blood for clinical and/or research purposes, avoiding the need for technically demanding options such as surgical or ultrasound-guided approaches to jugular catheterization. The simplicity of this technique also allows for this skill to be performed without specialized training or equipment.