Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Surgeon experience affects perioperative pain in cats undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Lorenzo S B Cavagnari, Vanessa S Padilha, Ronise Tocheto, Bruna D C Regalin, Helena M C Pissetti, Felipe Comassetto, Nilson Oleskovicz","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.05.0293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.05.0293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the outcomes between surgeries performed by either experienced or inexperienced surgeons by assessing intraoperative nociception and perioperative analgesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>16 healthy, client-owned female cats were randomly allocated into 2 groups of 8: one undergoing surgery by an experienced surgeon (GES group) and the other by inexperienced surgeons (GIS group). Both groups received IM premedication with acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) and methadone (0.3 mg/kg). After 20 minutes, venipuncture and induction with propofol (dose-response, IV) were performed. Maintenance was achieved with inhaled isoflurane. Intraoperative vital parameters were monitored, and fentanyl (2.5 µg/kg, IV) was administered as rescue analgesia when needed. Postoperatively, pain was assessed with a visual analog scale and the multidimensional pain scale of the Universidade Estadual Paulista in Botucatu; morphine (0.2 mg/kg, IM) was used for rescue analgesia, as necessary.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the GIS group, significant increases in heart rate and systolic blood pressure were noted during surgery, especially during pedicle clamping. Respiratory rate and end-tidal isoflurane levels were higher in the GIS group at specific surgical stages. Survival analysis indicated that the GIS group had a greater need for fentanyl. Postoperative pain scores were generally low, but a higher proportion of GIS cats required rescue analgesia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Surgeon experience influences intraoperative parameters and fentanyl consumption. Inexperienced surgeons contribute to increased postoperative pain and poorer wound healing outcomes in cats undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Ovariohysterectomy is a common procedure in veterinary practice, and surgical expertise significantly impacts pain management and recovery. Yet, its effects have been underexplored, potentially compromising animal welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of acute kidney injury and outcome in cats treated as inpatients versus outpatients following lily exposure.","authors":"Justin Lam, Rebecka S Hess, Erica L Reineke","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.05.0355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.05.0355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and outcome in cats treated for lily exposure as inpatients (IPs) or outpatients (OPs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of cats with lily exposure were retrospectively evaluated; 112 cats were included. Signalment, type of exposure, time from exposure to presentation, decontamination procedures, treatment group (IPs vs OPs), creatinine and International Renal Interest Society AKI grade at specific time points (initial presentation, 0 to 24 hours, 24 to 48 hours, and 48 hours to 2 weeks), whether an AKI developed at any point, whether AKI grade was static or improved when comparing baseline to last documented AKI grade, and outcome (alive or dead/euthanized) were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in prevalence of AKI between the IP cats (45 of 96 [46.9%]) and OP cats (7 of 16 [43.8%]). Of the AKI cats, 27 IP cats (60%) and 4 OP cats (57.1%) had a static or improved AKI grade. Inpatient cats had a significantly higher survival compared to OP cats (100% vs 86.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cats exposed to lilies in both groups had a higher prevalence of AKI than previously reported; however, many cats with AKIs had a static or improved AKI grade by the last documented AKI grade. Although the survival was lower in OP cats compared to IP cats, overall survival was excellent.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Results of our study suggested that IP cats have a superior outcome than OP cats; however, cats treated as OPs may still have favorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irregular, firmly adhered subcutaneous mass on the ventrolateral thorax wall in a 14-year-old Siberian Husky.","authors":"Jacob R Kline, Elyshia Hankin","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.08.0526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.08.0526","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgically managed incarcerated umbilical hernias in calves hold favorable prognosis: a retrospective analysis of 19 cases (2004-2021).","authors":"Jeanette Plüss, Sylvain Nichols, Emma Marchionatti","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.06.0384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.06.0384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the clinical signs, surgical management, postoperative complications, and outcomes following herniorrhaphy in calves with incarcerated umbilical hernias.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective case series. The electronic medical record databases of 2 veterinary teaching hospitals were searched to identify the records of calves that underwent herniorrhaphy for correction of irreducible umbilical hernias between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2021. Data collected included signalment, medical history, results of clinical examination and laboratory testing, ultrasonographic and surgical findings (incarceration vs strangulation), postoperative complications, and outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>19 calves with incarcerated umbilical hernias underwent surgical correction. The incarcerated gastrointestinal tract was identified as the abomasum in 11 calves and jejunum in 8 calves. In 9 calves, the intraoperative identification of strangulation led to 4 intestinal resections and 4 partial abomasectomies, with 1 calf being euthanized intraoperatively. Postoperative complications were reported in 3 calves that underwent intestinal resection. Sixteen calves (84%) survived to discharge and had a median survival time of 1,995 days after surgery. No statistically significant differences were observed between calves with or without gastrointestinal tract strangulation in the short-term survival rate, survival time, or number of lactations after surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that herniorrhaphy for incarcerated umbilical hernias in calves is associated with a favorable prognosis. Postoperative complications are, however, more frequent in calves with strangulated gastrointestinal tract.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Surgical intervention for incarcerated umbilical hernias in calves generally yields a positive prognosis, particularly in the absence of gastrointestinal tract strangulation, highlighting the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The promise of immunotherapeutic strategies to advance cancer treatment in pet dogs.","authors":"Jordan M Hampel, Natrine Cheuk, Matheus Moreno P Barbosa, Timothy M Fan","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.08.0532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.08.0532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, which is part of the Currents in One Health series, principles of immunotherapeutics are discussed and their clinical exploration in dogs reviewed with emphasis on their translatability for improving treatment of commonly diagnosed cancers. With increasing longevity and sustained quality of life in pet dogs through dietary, environmental awareness, and preventative medical practices, the geriatric pet population has continued to steadily grow and, consequently, so have age-related pathologies. Not surprisingly, cancer is the most common cause of mortality in elderly dogs, accounting for 1 in 4 deaths in dogs > 10 years of age. Importantly, some cancer types that arise spontaneously in pet dogs are similar to cancers afflicting people. The shared clinical and biological behaviors of certain cancers observed in pet dogs and people underscore the opportunity to leverage comparative oncology studies, which can accelerate the validation and clinical implementation of innovative therapies that can benefit pet dogs and ultimately guide these strategies toward clinical practice in people too. In the era of immunotherapy, the inclusion of pet dogs that develop cancers under an intact immune system affords a unique and high-value opportunity to study the evolving nature of cancers shaped by immunosurveillance pressures. Complementing these discovery efforts and through a comparative oncology approach, the exploration and clinical validation of novel immunotherapeutic strategies in pet dogs can be foundational for defining the safety and immune-activating potential of new anticancer immune approaches that hold promise to transform cancer treatment in both pets and people alike.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Value Matrix: a communication tool to support shared decision-making and the practice of Spectrum of Care.","authors":"Catherine N H Groves, Erin M Phillips, Jason B Coe","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.07.0493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.07.0493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide a video tutorial on use of the Value Matrix in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Any animal for which a preference-sensitive decision can be made regarding their care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The veterinary professional gathers a comprehensive history from the veterinary client and uses this information, in further discussion with the client, to develop 2 or more evidence-informed options for the veterinary patient's care. With the use of the Value Matrix, options are captured on a whiteboard or piece of paper, and the advantages and disadvantages of each option as well as financial cost are visually presented and discussed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Value Matrix is a clinical-communication tool for supporting shared decision-making between veterinary professionals and clients and for delivering the Spectrum of Care.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The Value Matrix is a practical tool that can assist veterinary professionals in collaborating with clients on making preference-sensitive decisions, providing contextualized care, and achieving informed-client consent.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age of neutering contributes to risk of cruciate ligament rupture in Labrador Retrievers.","authors":"Teagan L DeForge, Mehdi Momen, Gabi Conidi, Peter Muir, Susannah J Sample","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.06.0406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.06.0406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cruciate ligament rupture (CR) in Labrador Retrievers is a complex polygenic disease with high heritability. The environmental contribution to CR risk remains poorly characterized. An accurate genetic risk test for CR in the Labrador Retriever has been developed. This enables evaluation of environmental risk with knowledge of genetic disease predisposition through study of dogs with phenotypic disease status that is discordant with their genetic risk. The objective of this study was to identify environmental factors that contribute to CR in Labrador Retrievers through evaluation of dogs with clinical phenotypes that are discordantly predicted with the use of genetic markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dogs were prospectively recruited between January 2013 and December 2022. To study discordant subjects, case dogs with a posterior risk probability value < 0.75 and control dogs with a posterior risk probability of > 0.25, determined with the use of an average of 8 statistical models, were selected. The environmental factors investigated were neuter status, age of neuter, withers height measured at the dorsal-most ridge between the scapulae, weight, body mass index, and athletic activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety three dogs were discordant: 58 dogs were discordant CR cases, and 35 dogs were discordant CR controls. Neutering before 12 months of age was a significant risk factor for CR development. Sex, neuter status, or status as an athlete was not associated with CR risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neutering before 12 months of age influences risk of CR in Labrador Retrievers.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This information can inform management decisions about Labrador Retrievers regarding age of neutering, body condition, and athletic activity. The primary factor influencing CR development in Labrador Retrievers is polygenic intrinsic genetic risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemorrhagic diathesis, anemia, and thrombocytopenia in 1-week-old piglets.","authors":"Jean Carlo Olivo Menegatt, Fernanda Felicetti Perosa, David Driemeier","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.07.0435","DOIUrl":"10.2460/javma.24.07.0435","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of early and systematic ultrasound examination to determine postoperative dehiscence after small intestinal surgery (114 cases in dogs and cats).","authors":"Paul Rafael, Carole Soulé, Paul Sériot, Sophie Gibert, Laurent Blond, Clément Baudin-Tréhiou, Antoine Dunié-Mérigot, Emilien Griffeuille","doi":"10.2460/javma.23.10.0599","DOIUrl":"10.2460/javma.23.10.0599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the feasibility and reliability of early ultrasound diagnosis for postsurgical bowel dehiscence and find the most reliable ultrasound criteria for dehiscence identification. Additionally, to determine the impact of early ultrasound detection of leakage in terms of survival and duration of hospitalization. Finally, to assess the need for systematized screening or checkup of the population at risk of dehiscence only.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>31 cats and 83 dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, records-based study was performed on 83 dogs and 31 cats (114 total) undergoing small intestinal surgery. Epidemiologic data, clinical signs, surgical procedures, pre- and postoperative ultrasound findings at 48 to 96 hours, hospitalization duration, complications, and general outcomes were recorded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify ultrasound findings associated with dehiscence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dehiscence was suspected by ultrasound for 0 of 31 cats and 7 of 83 dogs (2 of 49 for enterotomy and 5 of 34 for enterectomy). Every suspected dehiscence was confirmed during revision surgery except one enterectomy revision, which was declined by the owner. Neither this case nor those without ultrasound evidence of dehiscence developed clinical signs of intestinal leakage. Direct visibility of wall discontinuity, presence of gas bubbles, and liquid in vicinity of the intestinal surgical site were statistically associated with early dehiscence. Survival rate after the second surgery was 83%. Median hospitalization time after the second surgery for dehiscence was 2 days (minimum, 2 days; maximum, 4 days).</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Postoperative ultrasound examination between 48 and 96 hours after intestinal surgery allows early and sensitive detection of intestinal dehiscence. Survival rate after revision surgery was significantly higher than that associated with septic peritonitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mattress suture with pledgets can partially occlude intrahepatic shunts in 23 dogs: evaluation of long-term survival.","authors":"Margaret Chu, Sarah Marvel, Eric Monnet","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.04.0284","DOIUrl":"10.2460/javma.24.04.0284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the differences in outcomes between dogs with intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (IHPSSs) partially occluded with a mattress suture with pledgets or attenuated with cellophane banding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>74 dogs with IHPSSs were included in this retrospective study. Medical records between January 2000 and February 2020 were evaluated for information on dogs undergoing laparotomy with cellophane banding (group C) or mattress suture with pledgets (group P) for treatment of IHPSSs, including specific outcomes of survival time, persistence of clinical signs, and necessity of continued medical management. Primary veterinarians and owners were contacted for long-term follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>51 dogs were entered in group C and 23 in group P. The duration of surgery was 154.6 minutes (136.3 to 170 minutes) for group C and 154.9 minutes (128.9 to 180.9 minutes) for group P. The short-term mortality rate was 2% for group C and 4% for group P. Dogs in group C had a median survival time of 3,537 days, while dogs in group P had a median survival time of 2,141 days. In the long term, dogs in group P received more medications than dogs in group C, but the distribution of the quality-of-life score was not different.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mattress suture with pledgets can be used as an alternative to cellophane banding.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>For dogs with IHPSSs where full surgical dissection for placement of cellophane band is not possible, partial occlusion of the shunt with a mattress suture with pledgets is a viable option with acceptable long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}