Toby L Pinn-Woodcock, Sebastián G Llanos-Soto, Renata Ivanek, Erin Goodrich, Elisha Frye, Amy Wells, Kathleen Mullen, Elizabeth Arbittier, Lauren Hughes, Emily Berryhill, Peggy Brosnahan, Lauren Buslinger, Lauren Schnabel, Sally DeNotta, Martha Mallicote, Simon Peek, Ned J Place
{"title":"马促肾上腺皮质激素的季节性升高发生在整个邻近的美国,并受纬度和年龄的影响。","authors":"Toby L Pinn-Woodcock, Sebastián G Llanos-Soto, Renata Ivanek, Erin Goodrich, Elisha Frye, Amy Wells, Kathleen Mullen, Elizabeth Arbittier, Lauren Hughes, Emily Berryhill, Peggy Brosnahan, Lauren Buslinger, Lauren Schnabel, Sally DeNotta, Martha Mallicote, Simon Peek, Ned J Place","doi":"10.2460/javma.25.04.0223","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether seasonal variation in equine plasma ACTH concentrations is affected by latitude between 29.7°N and 45.0°N in the US.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort study was performed between June 2019 and May 2020 in which plasma ACTH was measured monthly by chemiluminescence immunoassay. The study involved 201 apparently healthy horses from 9 locations within the US classified into northern, central, and southern latitude cohorts. Data analysis was performed with 3 major objectives: (1) identify outlier ACTH concentrations and horses; (2) estimate ACTH upper reference limits to define expected ACTH concentrations in healthy horses; and (3) identify factors influencing ACTH concentrations using linear mixed-effects regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following outlier analysis, 154 horses remained from 3 latitude cohorts: northern (n = 29), central (84), and southern (41). Concentrations of ACTH were highest during late August and September and early October for all latitude cohorts. In horses over 15 years of age, ACTH was higher than in younger horses year-round, with a greater magnitude of increase during the seasonal elevation in ACTH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A seasonal elevation in ACTH occurred in horses throughout the contiguous US, with lower ACTH in horses in the southern compared to central cohort. Further investigation is required to determine the influence of latitude on horses that reside closer to the equator and the role of the changing photoperiod coinciding with the start of seasonal elevation in equine ACTH.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Season and age should be considered when interpreting baseline ACTH concentrations in horses throughout the contiguous US.</p>","PeriodicalId":14658,"journal":{"name":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Seasonal elevation in equine adrenocorticotropic hormone occurs throughout the contiguous United States and is influenced by latitude and age.\",\"authors\":\"Toby L Pinn-Woodcock, Sebastián G Llanos-Soto, Renata Ivanek, Erin Goodrich, Elisha Frye, Amy Wells, Kathleen Mullen, Elizabeth Arbittier, Lauren Hughes, Emily Berryhill, Peggy Brosnahan, Lauren Buslinger, Lauren Schnabel, Sally DeNotta, Martha Mallicote, Simon Peek, Ned J Place\",\"doi\":\"10.2460/javma.25.04.0223\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether seasonal variation in equine plasma ACTH concentrations is affected by latitude between 29.7°N and 45.0°N in the US.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort study was performed between June 2019 and May 2020 in which plasma ACTH was measured monthly by chemiluminescence immunoassay. The study involved 201 apparently healthy horses from 9 locations within the US classified into northern, central, and southern latitude cohorts. Data analysis was performed with 3 major objectives: (1) identify outlier ACTH concentrations and horses; (2) estimate ACTH upper reference limits to define expected ACTH concentrations in healthy horses; and (3) identify factors influencing ACTH concentrations using linear mixed-effects regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following outlier analysis, 154 horses remained from 3 latitude cohorts: northern (n = 29), central (84), and southern (41). Concentrations of ACTH were highest during late August and September and early October for all latitude cohorts. In horses over 15 years of age, ACTH was higher than in younger horses year-round, with a greater magnitude of increase during the seasonal elevation in ACTH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A seasonal elevation in ACTH occurred in horses throughout the contiguous US, with lower ACTH in horses in the southern compared to central cohort. Further investigation is required to determine the influence of latitude on horses that reside closer to the equator and the role of the changing photoperiod coinciding with the start of seasonal elevation in equine ACTH.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Season and age should be considered when interpreting baseline ACTH concentrations in horses throughout the contiguous US.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14658,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1-10\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.04.0223\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"VETERINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.25.04.0223","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Seasonal elevation in equine adrenocorticotropic hormone occurs throughout the contiguous United States and is influenced by latitude and age.
Objective: To determine whether seasonal variation in equine plasma ACTH concentrations is affected by latitude between 29.7°N and 45.0°N in the US.
Methods: A cohort study was performed between June 2019 and May 2020 in which plasma ACTH was measured monthly by chemiluminescence immunoassay. The study involved 201 apparently healthy horses from 9 locations within the US classified into northern, central, and southern latitude cohorts. Data analysis was performed with 3 major objectives: (1) identify outlier ACTH concentrations and horses; (2) estimate ACTH upper reference limits to define expected ACTH concentrations in healthy horses; and (3) identify factors influencing ACTH concentrations using linear mixed-effects regression models.
Results: Following outlier analysis, 154 horses remained from 3 latitude cohorts: northern (n = 29), central (84), and southern (41). Concentrations of ACTH were highest during late August and September and early October for all latitude cohorts. In horses over 15 years of age, ACTH was higher than in younger horses year-round, with a greater magnitude of increase during the seasonal elevation in ACTH.
Conclusions: A seasonal elevation in ACTH occurred in horses throughout the contiguous US, with lower ACTH in horses in the southern compared to central cohort. Further investigation is required to determine the influence of latitude on horses that reside closer to the equator and the role of the changing photoperiod coinciding with the start of seasonal elevation in equine ACTH.
Clinical relevance: Season and age should be considered when interpreting baseline ACTH concentrations in horses throughout the contiguous US.
期刊介绍:
Published twice monthly, this peer-reviewed, general scientific journal provides reports of clinical research, feature articles and regular columns of interest to veterinarians in private and public practice. The News and Classified Ad sections are posted online 10 days to two weeks before they are delivered in print.