Iranian Endodontic Journal最新文献

{"title":"Nonsurgical Endodontic Treatment of Type IIIa Dens Invaginatus in an Immature Maxillary Central Incisor: A Case Report.","authors":"Fatemeh Rezaei, Mahta Fazlyab","doi":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.46440","DOIUrl":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.46440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dens invaginatus is a developmental anomaly resulting from the infolding of enamel and dentin into the dental pulp. Oehlers' Type IIIa dens invaginatus poses significant challenges due to its intricate anatomy and frequent association with immature teeth. This case report outlines the nonsurgical management of a nonvital immature maxillary central incisor with Type IIIa dens invaginatus, presenting with a chronic apical abscess and a history of trauma to the associated primary incisor. Treatment involved thorough chemomechanical debridement followed by bio-obturation using calcium-enriched mixture cement. Regular follow-ups revealed complete resolution of the periapical lesion. This case underscores the importance of precise diagnosis, individualized treatment planning, and the application of advanced biomaterials in addressing complex presentations of dens invaginatus. The successful outcome emphasizes the efficacy of nonsurgical techniques in preserving immature teeth while restoring function and aesthetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"e9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Cracked and Weakened Endodontically Treated Teeth Using Fiber-reinforced Composites: A Case Series.","authors":"Kênia Soares de Toubes, Fabiana Dantas Meirelles, Gilberto Antônio Borges, Amauri José Lima Mendes, Mauricio Gustavo Oliveira, Frank Ferreira Silveira","doi":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.46536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/iej.v20i1.46536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Restoring endodontically treated teeth (ETT) that exhibit cracks, enlarged roots, or weakened root walls is a frequent challenge in dental practice. The present study describes three cases in which contemporary restorative techniques were employed and suggests that applying Ribbond tape (RT) to ETT can improve fracture resistance and better prevent the propagation of cracks compared with traditional methods. Although extensive <i>in vitro</i> research has been conducted on fiber-reinforced composites, studies evaluating the clinical use and durability of fiber-reinforced composites to restore ETT are limited. This report strictly adhered to the case report (CARE) guidelines, and the treatments were initiated only after signed informed consents were obtained from the patients. Therefore, the old restorations were removed from the teeth that required intervention and composite resin core build-up was created, followed by endodontic treatments or retreatment. Subsequently, the endodontic accesses were reinforced with RT. The protective restorations were performed and bonded. The two-year follow-ups showed that the patients had complete remission of signs and symptoms, and they remain under monitoring. The study emphasizes the importance of internal reinforcement of ETT and strengthening weakened walls with a resin core build-up reinforced with fibers like RT. This approach enhances mechanical retention, inhibit fracture propagation, and establish a strong chemical bond between RT and resin. It is suggested to be a promising strategy for increasing the longevity and strength of the teeth, providing a conservative and effective alternative to traditional methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"e13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxillary Second Molar with Five Root Canals and a Root-Like Enamel Pearl: A Rare Case Report.","authors":"Mahdi Zerafat, Maryam Enteghad, Saman Baghaei, Alireza Asadi, Yasamin Ghahramani","doi":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.45700","DOIUrl":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.45700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Permanent maxillary second molars' root canal treatment due to their root configurations complexity and high root canal systems variations, are one of the most problematic teeth. Accordingly, clinicians should consider unusual canal morphology to reduce the rate of missed canals. A thirty-year-old female was referred for root canal treatment of her maxillary right second molar tooth with obvious recurrent caries under restoration and necrotic pulp. Pre-operative radiographs showed the unusual morphology and cone-beam computed tomography was ordered for precise evaluation of the root canal anatomy. The principal aim of this paper is to report a five-root canals maxillary second molar, with two palatal root canals and a palatal root-like enamel pearl canal.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"e6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.47188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/iej.v20i1.47188","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"e10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endodontic Treatment of an Upper Lateral Incisor with Oehlers' Type II Dens Invaginatus: A Case Report.","authors":"Ary Alves Mesquita-Júnior, Suelem Brenda Dos Santos, Rebeka de Oliveira Reis, Ingrid Luiza Mendonça Cunha, Aida Renée Assayag Hanan, Emílio Carlos Sponchiado-Júnior","doi":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.46131","DOIUrl":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.46131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dens invaginatus is a developmental malformation that is caused by the invagination of the enamel organ into the internal region of the dental papilla before tissue calcification. The aim of the present report is to discuss a clinical case of endodontic treatment of tooth #12, using bioceramic sealer. The extraoral examination revealed atypical anatomy, while vitality and percussion tests were negative, palpation test was positive. Edema was observed in the adjacent gingival mucosa. Based on clinical and tomographic findings, the diagnosis was pulp necrosis with chronic periapical abscess and Oehlers' type II dens invaginatus. In the first session, access surgery was performed with spherical drills with the aid of an operating microscope (OM) and an ultrasonic diamond tip. Four canals were located, and they were partially debrided and medicated. In the second session, odontometry and chemical-mechanical preparation with nickel-titanium instruments were performed. The irrigation solution was 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. The root canals were filled with calcium hydroxide paste and the chamber was temporarily sealed. During the third session, ultrasonic irrigation was applied for final washing and the root canals were filled with Bio-C sealer using the classic single-cone technique. At 6-month follow-up, the tooth was asymptomatic and the radiography revealed significant bone repair. It was concluded that tomography, operating microscope, ultrasonic irrigation, and materials with greater flow, such as bioceramic sealers, enhanced the clinical success of the clinical case.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"e7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxicity of Calcium Silicate-Based Cements: Role of Bonding Time, Strategy, and Thickness in an In Vitro Model.","authors":"Narges Panahandeh, Maryam Torshabi, Roja Askian, Hassan Torabzadeh, Saeed Asgary","doi":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.46162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/iej.v20i1.46162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This <i>in vitro</i> study assessed the effects of bonding application time (immediate vs. 24-hour delay) and strategy [self-etch (SE) vs. etch-and-rinse (ER)] on cytotoxicity of three calcium silicate-based cements [calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement, ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine] at 1mm and 2mm thicknesses.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Specimens (<i>n</i>=20 per group) were fabricated using CEM, MTA, and Biodentine. Scotchbond Universal was applied immediately or after 24 hours via SE or ER strategies. Cytotoxicity of cement extracts (100%, 50%, and 25% concentrations) on human gingival fibroblasts was evaluated using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Data were analyzed with four-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (<i>P</i>≤0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The biomaterials showed comparable cytotoxicity (<i>P</i>>0.05), with toxicity decreasing progressively at lower concentrations (25% <50%<100%). At 100% concentration, ER bonding significantly improved cell viability for CEM (<i>P</i><0.05), while immediate bonding of 1-mm specimens increased cytotoxicity (<i>P</i><0.05). Immediate SE bonding of 1-mm MTA and Biodentine specimens also resulted in higher cytotoxicity (<i>P</i><0.05). At 50% concentration, SE strategy and 1-mm thickness increased cytotoxicity, with bonding time effects significant only in ER mode. No significant differences were observed at 25% concentration (<i>P</i>>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Delayed bonding (24 hours), ER strategy, and ≥2-mm thickness minimize cytotoxicity of calcium silicate-based cements. Clinically, immediate permanent restoration after vital pulp therapy is viable when considering these parameters, eliminating the need for interim protective layers (<i>e.g</i>., glass ionomer bases).</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"e20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservative Management of Dens Invaginatus Type IIIb Using Photodynamic Therapy: A Case Report.","authors":"Navid Nasrabadi, Atoosa Yazdani, Mahgol Mehrabani","doi":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.46885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/iej.v20i1.46885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dens invagination (DI) is a developmental dental anomaly characterized by the infolding of the enamel organ into the dental papilla. Type IIIb DI, involving deep invagination that extends apically along the root, poses significant challenges in endodontic treatment due to its complex anatomy. We describe a case of type IIIb DI in a 13-year-old female referred with the chief complaint of spontaneous pain on the left maxillary lateral incisor. Clinical examinations showed tenderness to percussion and palpation as well as a positive response to cold test with lingering pain. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) confirmed the presence of type IIIb DI associated with a periapical lesion. The final diagnosis was irreversible pulpitis with apical periodontitis for main canal (distal) and pulpless and infected root canal system with secondary acute apical periodontitis according to Abbott classification for the other canal. Two separate access cavities were prepared with the guidance of CBCT. Root canal therapy was performed on both root canals, using photodynamic therapy (PDT) and ultrasonic-activated sodium hypochlorite for enhanced disinfection. Calcium-enriched mixture cement was used to obturate the apical third, followed by thermoplastic gutta-percha in the middle and coronal thirds. The patient was asymptomatic at 6- and 12-month follow-ups, with radiographic evidence of complete healing. This case highlights the effectiveness of conservative endodontic treatment using PTD in managing complex DI cases, with a focus on maintaining tooth structure and achieving long-term success.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"e19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Behavior Variations among Commercial Gutta-percha Brands: An Optical Thermography Study.","authors":"Moisés Uzal, José Aranguren, Alejandro R Pérez, Ana Ramírez-Muñoz, Natalia Navarrete","doi":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.45131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/iej.v20i1.45131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to assess the thermal behavior of five different commercial gutta-percha brands using optical thermography. We focused on temperature differences and heat transfer characteristics at different apical distances.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Gutta-percha cones from the following brands were tested: Autofit Greater Taper, Protaper Gold F2, TruNatomy Prime, ZARC Gutta-percha points # 25/0.06, and Reciproc Blue R25. A specific heating system was used to subject the cones to thermal imaging. Measurements were taken at 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-mm apical distances for 5 mm and 10 mm cone lengths. Statistical analyses included Student's t-tests and Analysis of Variance with the significance level set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Upon intragroup comparison, we found subtle distinctions in thermal behavior when examining gutta-percha cone lengths (5 mm <i>versus</i> 10 mm). TruNatomy exhibited statistically significant variations (<i>P</i><0.05) at 2- and 3-mm distances. Conversely, ZARC and Reciproc Blue R25 displayed notable differences (<i>P</i><0.05) at 2-, 3-, and 4-mm distances. In contrast, Autofit Greater Taper and Protaper Gold F2 consistently diverged across all distances (<i>P</i><0.05). In intergroup comparisons of 5 mm length, significant variances (<i>P</i><0.05) emerged among brands at 1- and 2-mm distances. At 10 mm length, TruNatomy differed significantly (<i>P</i><0.05) from other brands across all distances. The heat tip maintained an average maximum temperature of 154.54^°C.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thermal behavior of gutta-percha brands varied significantly, with implications for endodontic treatments. While differences were observed in heat transfer and maximum temperatures, all brands remained within safe temperature ranges for clinical use. Understanding these variations can aid clinicians in selecting appropriate gutta-percha for specific clinical scenarios, ultimately optimizing root canal obturation quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"e16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Acute Apical Abscess Presenting with Rapid Extrusion of a Tooth: A Case Report.","authors":"Masoud Parirokh, Hamed Manochehrifar, Alireza Sarhadi","doi":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.46653","DOIUrl":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.46653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An acute apical abscess (AAA) is a rapid-onset inflammatory condition characterized by spontaneous pain, pus formation, and swelling, often resulting from pulp necrosis. Complications may include systemic manifestations and severe outcomes, such as tooth extrusion. This case report describes a rare instance of AAA causing rapid extrusion of a maxillary central incisor in a 17-year-old female. The patient presented with spontaneous pain and mobility of the extruded tooth, accompanied by localized swelling. Clinical and radiographic evaluations revealed pulp necrosis, an AAA, and apical bone rarefaction. Emergency treatment was initiated, including intracanal medication with calcium hydroxide and temporary splinting of the tooth. Subsequent treatment involved obturation with gutta-percha and sealer, followed by permanent restoration. Radiographic and clinical recalls up to 5 years demonstrated complete periapical healing, normal tooth mobility, and no recurrence of symptoms. Effective management, including timely root canal therapy and splinting, led to successful long-term outcomes. This case underscores the importance of prompt diagnosis and immediate, tailored treatment to manage AAA and prevent severe complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"e8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between the Middle Mesial Canal and Furcation Radiolucency in Mandibular Molars.","authors":"Mohammadreza Karimzadeh, Arash Shahravan, Rahim Fereidooni, Hamed Ebrahimnejad, Amir Hossein Nekouei, Shahram Arbabi, Sara Rezaei","doi":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.46099","DOIUrl":"10.22037/iej.v20i1.46099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The middle mesial canal (MMC) of mandibular molars is of particular interest in endodontics due to its complexity. This study investigated the association between MMC presence in first and second mandibular molars and the radiolucency in the furcation area using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>CBCT scans of 400 patients referred to the largest radiology center in Kerman City from January 1, 2022, to January 1, 2023, were examined. All CBCT scans were assessed for radiolucency in the furcation area and the presence of MMC. Variables, including age, gender, tooth number, and MMC presence were recorded. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression analyses were employed to compare MMC frequency and its impact on furcation radiolucency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 201 examined teeth, 37 (18.4%) had MMC, and 23 (11.4%) exhibited furcation radiolucency. However, teeth with a mesial canal showed a higher prevalence of furcation lesions compared to those without (38% <i>vs.</i> 5.2%) (<i>P</i><0.001). A significant association was observed between a mesial canal and furcation radiolucency, with odds of furcation radiolucency at 12.7 after controlling for age and gender (<i>P</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A strong association exists between MMC presence in first and second mandibular molars and furcation radiolucency, unaffected by age and gender.</p>","PeriodicalId":14534,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Endodontic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"e4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}