Italian Journal of Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"The use of routine data sources to identify risk factors for overweight and obesity at 6 years of age. An Italian study in 8621 children born in 2010-2011-2012.","authors":"Riccardo Pertile, Anna Schönsberg, Claudio Maffeis, William Mantovani","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02085-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02085-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>the growing prevalence of paediatric obesity represents a problem of considerable urgency, with potential repercussions on the health of the individual in both the short and long term. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with the development of obesity and overweight in children at age six years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>this longitudinal observational study included 8,621 out of 15,903 children born in Trentino region between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2012 and still alive and resident in the same region at the age of 6, with a coverage of 54.2%. Data from the Italian Birth Attendance Certificate database and the Health Surveillance Forms filled out by paediatricians during the 12-month and 6-year check-ups were collected. Two multivariable models on the estimation of Prevalence Ratios (PRs) were conducted to identify independent predictors of the probability of presenting obesity or overweight at 6 years of life, separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using the threshold values of the International Obesity Task Force as a reference, the prevalence of overweight and obesity at 6 years of age was 15.7% and 6.7%, respectively. Among prenatal factors, pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI) and the presence of gestational diabetes were found to positively influence the risk of obesity at 6 years. Regarding postnatal factors, birth weight, being the firstborn, male gender, as well as a BMI exceeding 2 standard deviations at 12th month of life were identified as risk factors for obesity. South American ethnicity, low maternal education, smoking during pregnancy and a smoking habit by at least one parent were also identified as risk factors for obesity. Similar results were obtained for the risk of overweight.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>the record linkage of routine paediatric healthcare data has made it possible to identify the updated prevalence of obesity and overweight in 6-year-old children and to anticipate the timing of interception of these children (pre-school age).</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"243"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adolescents: a clinical practice guideline.","authors":"Salvatore Oliva, Serena Arrigo, Matteo Bramuzzo, Fabio Cisarò, Emanuele Dabizzi, Giovanni Di Nardo, Paolo Gandullia, Massimo Martinelli, Maurizio Mennini, Fabio Monica, Lorenzo Norsa, Francesca Rea, Sara Renzo, Claudio Romano, Silvia Salvatore, Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino, Caterina Strisciuglio, Renato Tambucci, Carlo Calabrese, Paola De Angelis","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02056-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02056-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated condition that affects the esophagus and is marked by the presence of eosinophils. This disease is becoming more common in children and adolescents and can result in symptoms like swallowing difficulties, food impaction and abdominal pain. Managing pediatric EoE requires a team effort including gastroenterologists, allergists and dietitians. Medical treatments may include topical corticosteroids, proton pump inhibitors, and elimination diets. Endoscopy plays a key role in the diagnosis, management and monitoring of the condition. The management of pediatric EoE is distinct from that of adult EoE, due to differences in anatomy, physiology and treatment options. Thus, it is recommended that children with EoE see a pediatric gastroenterologist when possible. However, adult gastroenterologists can also contribute to the management of pediatric EoE when a pediatric gastroenterologist is not accessible. A guideline for the management of pediatric EoE in Italy has been created by Italian Society of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (SIGENP) to encourage collaboration between adult gastroenterologists and pediatricians, and it has been endorsed by major adult gastroenterology Italian societies including AIGO, SIGE and SIED, highlighting the importance of collaboration in the diagnosis and management of pediatric EoE.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"242"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12288368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of air pollutants and meteorological factors on the occurrence and regression of coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease: a study combining case-control and cohort studies.","authors":"Yinan Yang, Yanxia Zhang, Shuhong Cai, Dan Wang, Muhua Liao, Xi Chen, Jiaxian Zhou, Huitao Meng, Xiaobin Hu","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02065-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02065-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We evaluated the effects of environmental factors on the occurrence and regression of coronary artery lesions (CAL) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD), intending to provide a scientific basis for the prevention, treatment, and long-term management of KD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled pediatric patients with KD hospitalized in the Pediatric Cardiovascular Department of a tertiary comprehensive hospital between June 2015 and December 2020 as research subjects. The medical record information of the children during hospitalization and follow-up was obtained by reviewing the hospital's electronic medical record system. The air pollutants including CO, NO₂, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, SO₂ and O₃ were collected from the National Urban Air Quality Real-time Release Platform of the China National Environmental Monitoring Centre. The meteorological data were sourced from the China Meteorological Data Network, including the daily average temperature and the daily average relative humidity. We assessed the individual and combined effects of air pollutants and meteorological factors on CAL by Unconditional logistic regression and Bayesian kernel regression, respectively, and to explore their dose-response relationships. We estimated the overall time to regression of CAL by Kaplan-Meier, assessed the effects of air pollutants and meteorological factors on the regression of CAL by Cox proportional risk regression model, and evaluated the dose-response relationship by restricted cubic spline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The OR for CAL formation in children with KD was 1.267 (95% CI: 1.060-1.514) for every 10 µg/m³ increase in SO₂ concentration, and the risk of CAL formation gradually increased with increasing SO₂ concentration (P_overall=0.027, P_nonlinear=0.329). The HR for regression of CAL in KD children was 0.387 (95% CI: 0.174-0.861) for each 1mg/m³ increase in CO concentration, and the likelihood of CAL regression gradually decreased with increasing air CO concentration (P_overall=0.030, P_nonlinear=0.182).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Atmospheric SO₂ exposure was significantly associated with CAL occurrence in children with KD in this study, and there is a dose-response relationship. Atmospheric CO exposure was an independent risk factor preventing CAL regression in children with KD, and there was a dose-response relationship between atmospheric CO concentration and CAL regression. These findings indicate that relevant departments should take measures to strengthen the monitoring and control of environmental factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12288255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric non-alcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy: a case report.","authors":"Lucia Corso, Laura Lucaccioni, Martina Buttera, Mattia De Agostini, Patrizia Bergonzini, Elisabetta Spezia, Elisa Caramaschi, Diego Biondini, Viviana Durante, Lorenzo Iughetti, Barbara Predieri","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02022-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02022-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a neurological disorder caused by thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. This encephalopathy is typically suspected in alcoholics adults, but it is important to remember that other less known and suspected causes can determine the development of the non-alcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy. In non-alcoholic patients, the primary causes of Wernicke's encephalopathy include hyperemesis gravidarum, restrictive diets and malnutrition, cancer, post-operative complications following bariatric surgery. Few data are reported regarding non-alcoholic thiamine deficiency, especially within the paediatric population. We describe the case of an 11-year-old Caucasian male with obesity who experienced prolonged emesis after the beginning of a strictly hypocaloric dietary regimen. This resulted in biliary colic episodes and subsequent necessity for cholecystectomy. The day after surgery, the patient developed acute visual impairment, horizontal nystagmus and diplopia, which were attributed to thiamine deficiency. Wernicke's encephalopathy was suspected, so a blood sample was immediately collected to assay thiamine levels and empiric thiamine supplementation was started. Already from the day after the beginning of the treatment, the patient showed a significant improvement in his clinical conditions. This case study delineates clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of our patient and provides information regarding the red-flag risk factors of non-alcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy in children. The aim is to increase the likelihood of suspecting the diagnosis and to promptly start the therapy, which is both simple and lifesaving.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12282007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the use of positioning materials and hand-face maneuvers on physiologic parameters and stress symptoms in preterm newborns.","authors":"Işıl Ar, Serap Balcı","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02070-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02070-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Correct locating in the short and long term is very important for infants.The purpose of the present study is performed to evaluate the effect of positioning with materials and hand-face maneuvers on physiological parameters and stress symptoms in preterm newborns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a randomized controlled trial. The newborns in the control group [n = 30] were placed with a rolled blanket as in the routine of the ward. The experiment¹ group [n = 30] was positioned using a positioner. The same newborns in the experiment¹ group were positioned on the 2nd day of the study using a positioner and with hand-face maneuvers [experiment²]. This positioner has a smooth and malleable design that retains its shape when moulded by hand. It is free from di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and latex and has an erasable structure. The material does not retain moisture, flatten or overheat. All infants were given the lateral and prone positions equally.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SpO₂ values of the infants in the experiment¹ and experiment² groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. After 1 h, heart rates were found significantly lower in the experiment² group than in the control group. In addition, it was determined that the Neonatal Stress Scale score before the first position was significantly higher in the experiment¹ and experiment² groups compared in the control group, and there was no difference between the groups after the procedure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study emphasizes the importance of individualized care in the NICU, particularly through hand-face maneuvers and proper positioning to reduce stress in preterm infants. These interventions can enhance physiological stability and neurodevelopmental outcomes. The findings suggest that integrating these practices into routine care for all neonatal populations could improve both immediate and long-term outcomes.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, registration NCT06136130, etrospectively registered registration date November 16, 2023, registration URL https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06136130 .</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal pembrolizumab exposure as the potential link among recurrent necrotizing enterocolitis, neonatal diabetes mellitus and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency: a case report.","authors":"Pasquale Castaldo, Luigi Altimari, Maria Grazia Capretti, Giulio Maltoni, Andrea Scozzarella, Vittoria Paoletti, Luigi Corvaglia, Arianna Aceti","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02021-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02021-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious complication predominantly affecting very low birth weight neonates, characterized by high mortality and long-term morbidity. Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare condition with diverse etiologies, including genetic predisposition and autoimmune mechanisms. To our knowledge, NEC and NDM have never been previously reported together.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the clinical case of a late preterm infant whose mother had received an immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment (pembrolizumab) for metastatic gastric cancer during pregnancy. The infant suffered from severe and recurrent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency that required a multidisciplinary approach. Prenatal exposure to pembrolizumab might explain the co-occurrence of the three diseases and the complex and unusual medical history of the child, even if the possibility that these events were independent of each other cannot be totally ruled out.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case suggests the potential association between antenatal pembrolizumab exposure and severe neonatal comorbidities. Furthermore, it highlights the challenge of managing concurrent NEC, NDM and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in early infancy, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary care and long-term follow-up to address complex clinical and developmental outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"237"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12275445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute splenic torsion in an adolescent with polysplenia syndrome: case report.","authors":"Flora Vassallo, Fabio Panzuto, Gregorio Serra, Anna Maria Caruso, Laura Putignano, Denisia Bommarito, Giovanni Corsello, Sergio Salerno","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02059-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02059-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Splenic torsion is a rare but potentially serious event. It can occur in association with various anatomical anomalies, such as polysplenia. The presence of multiple small spleens is often associated with other abdominal and chest abnormalities, defining a condition known as Polysplenia Syndrome (PSS).</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report on a 14-year-old girl who presented with a 3-day history of left lower abdominal pain and vomiting, with a known history of congenital heart disease associated with Situs Viscerum Inversus and polysplenia. She was found to have normal vital signs but elevated C-reactive protein, and leukocytosis with neutrophilia. In light of the clinical and laboratory data, in addition to the suggestive imaging findings revealed on US and contrast-enhanced abdominal CT, a splenic torsion was suspected. The patient underwent a laparotomy, which confirmed a pedunculated mass in the left flank and iliac fossa, consistent with torsion of one of the spleens, and allowing complete resection of the lesion. The postoperative course was uneventful, and she was discharged after 10 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Splenic torsion in PSS is an extremely rare condition that may present in a time-critical manner, with nonspecific clinical manifestations and abnormal laboratory results, representing a real diagnostic challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"238"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12275450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educational cartoon as an edutainment strategy to combat pediatric obesity: an innovative proposal from the PODiaCar Project.","authors":"Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Valeria Calcaterra","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02082-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02082-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric obesity is an escalating global health concern with profound physical and psychological impacts, both in the short and long term. The EU-funded initiative, \"Fight against Pediatric Obesity: from a Predictive Tool for Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Risk to Healthy Educational Programs\" (PODiaCar), seeks to address childhood obesity through a comprehensive, multidimensional strategy. A key component is a cartoon titled Grandma Wilma's Tales, created to promote healthy lifestyles among young children and their families. Targeted at preschoolers and early primary school students, the cartoon uses an \"edutainment\" strategy, blending education with entertainment, to keep children engaged while they learn. The story follows a young boy named Vitto and his dog Buzz as they discover the dangers of poor diet and inactivity and the benefits of a healthy, balanced lifestyle. By using simple language, engaging visuals, and relatable characters, the cartoon informs and motivates children to make healthier choices in everyday life. Its design focuses on accessibility and appeal, helping children absorb important health messages in an enjoyable way. This initiative highlights the power of visual communication and storytelling in health education. Teaching children about balanced diets and active living from an early age can build a strong foundation for lifelong wellness. Supporting and sharing projects like PODiaCar at national and international levels is essential for developing future public health strategies and encouraging innovative, child-focused educational approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Yu Jie Ma, Yan Sun, Cai Hong Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02061-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02061-0","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;With the development of perinatal medicine and the continuous improvement of neonatal treatment technology, the birth rate of preterm infants is increasing. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is one of the most prevalent complications with a high mortality rate among preterm infants. It is associated with short and long-term adverse outcomes for newborns, and seriously affects their survival rate and long-term quality of life. The aim of the present study was to investigate the perinatal risk factors for RDS, and the major complications and mortality rate associated with RDS in preterm infants, thereby providing a basis for preventing the occurrence of RDS and improving the prognosis of preterm infants.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective cohort study was conducted by selecting all preterm infants who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Qingdao) after obstetric delivery from January 2018 to December of 2021. According to whether preterm infants suffered from RDS, they were divided into RDS group (n = 319) and Non- RDS group (n = 366).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 685 preterm infants were included. In the RDS group, the mothers of preterm infants with RDS were older (P &lt; 0.001) and more of advanced maternal age (≥ 35 years, P &lt; 0.005), tended to have a higher rate of cesarean section (P = 0.033), and were more likely to be complicated with pregnancy diabetes and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (all P &lt; 0.001). Preterm infants with RDS were more prevalent in males (P = 0.025), with smaller gestational age, lighter weight and a higher risk of asphyxia at birth (all P &lt; 0.001). Preterm infants with RDS after birth had a higher rate of pneumonia, sepsis, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and had longer anti-infection times (duration of antimicrobial use) and hospitalization times (all P &lt; 0.001), as well as a higher mortality rate of 6.0%, while none died in Non-RDS group (P &lt; 0.001). Among preterm infants who had died, most of them were males, with a mortality rate 8.5 times higher than that of females. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that gestational diabetes (OR = 2.283, 95% CI 1.483-3.513), hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (OR = 2.201, 95% CI 1.215-3.988), gestational age &lt; 32 weeks (OR = 3.914, 95% CI 2.972-5.155), birth weight &lt; 1500 g (OR = 6.610, 95% CI 2.777-13.735), and asphyxia (OR = 5.239, 95% CI 2.602-10.551) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of RDS in preterm infants. Through further analysis, we found that the incidence rate of asphyxia in preterm infants with RDS who used corticosteroids before delivery was decreased (P = 0.02), while the incidence rate of hyperbilirubinemia was increased (P = 0.004), and the hospitalization time was prolonged (P = 0.043), however the mortality rate was not significantly different between the two g","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12269104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond cognition: psychopathological sequelae of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.","authors":"Elisa Cainelli, Tiziana Battistin, Cristina Forest, Sara Puddu, Cristina Malaventura, Agnese Suppiej","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02062-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02062-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since the introduction of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), mortality and severe morbidity have been reduced, but follow-up studies have shown a high incidence of neuropsychological impairments. By contrast, the possibility of psychopathological vulnerability in children with HIE has not been clearly addressed. Our study aims to investigate the presence of psychopathological symptoms by comparing in the prepuberal period a sample of children with a history of neonatal HIE to a control group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an observational cohort study with cross-sectional outcome assessment, where 76 HIE children (mean age 7.2 ± 1.84 years, range 5-12 years, 53.5% males) and 76 controls (mean age 7.8 ± 2.25 years, range 5-12 years, 51% males) were recruited. Exclusion criteria were the presence of major impairments. Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) questionnaire. HIE group and controls have been compared, and the roles of age and sex have been evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significantly higher percentage of psychopathological symptoms, in particular internalizing (p =.048) and somatic complaints (p <.001), in HIE children compared to peers have been found. The T scores of HIE and controls differed significantly for all CBCL subscales except for externalizing problems. An interaction between age and group in the variables strongly distinguishing HIE and controls has been found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neurobiology of neonatal HIE may determine a vulnerability to developing psychopathological symptoms. Great attention should be paid to internalizing problems, given the risk of underestimating them in children and their potential to be precursors of most invalidating disorders at higher ages, such as depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}