Giuseppe Banderali, Chiara Mameli, Elena Bozzola, Vita Antonella Di Stefano, Luigi Greco, Carmine Pecoraro, Simone Rugolotto, Elena Scarpato, Sara Sollai, Francesca Vassallo, Elvira Verduci, Massimiliano Orso, Liliana Guadagni, Giovanni Corsello, Rino Agostiniani, Annamaria Staiano
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of non-pharmacological interventions for gastroesophageal reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease in children: a systematic review.","authors":"Giuseppe Banderali, Chiara Mameli, Elena Bozzola, Vita Antonella Di Stefano, Luigi Greco, Carmine Pecoraro, Simone Rugolotto, Elena Scarpato, Sara Sollai, Francesca Vassallo, Elvira Verduci, Massimiliano Orso, Liliana Guadagni, Giovanni Corsello, Rino Agostiniani, Annamaria Staiano","doi":"10.1186/s13052-026-02264-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-026-02264-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are common in infants and children. Non-pharmacological approaches are widely used, but their efficacy and safety remain uncertain. This systematic review evaluates the current evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for pediatric GER and GERD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review following Cochrane methodology and PRISMA 2020 guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD420251041380). We included randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews of non-pharmacological interventions for GER or GERD in individuals aged 0-18 years. Eligible interventions included dietary modifications, positioning, alginates, probiotics, massage, and complementary therapies. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed in duplicate. Due to heterogeneity, meta-analyses were not conducted. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 40 studies: 39 RCTs (15 crossover) and one systematic review. Most studies involved infants with uncomplicated GER or GERD. Interventions included dietary modifications (n = 25), probiotics (n = 3), alginates (n = 4), positioning (n = 6), and massage therapy (n = 2). Most trials reported regurgitation or Infant Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Questionnaire Revised as primary outcomes. Several interventions, especially thickened feeds, probiotics, alginates, and left lateral positioning, were associated with reduced regurgitation frequency. Risk of bias was frequently high, and GRADE certainty ranged from very low to moderate, depending on outcome and intervention type.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thickened formulas and alginates showed the most consistent symptom improvement in infants with GER or GERD, though overall evidence quality was low to moderate. Other interventions yielded mixed results. Non-pharmacological strategies appear generally safe, but further high-quality research is needed to support clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global burden and time trends of vaccine-preventable diseases in children and adolescents.","authors":"Xingyi Jin, Rui Wang, Siying Tu, Chunyan Yuan, Fei Ge, Yong Liu, Shaokang Wang, Ying Ma, Guiju Sun","doi":"10.1186/s13052-026-02256-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-026-02256-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) are a major global health concern for children and adolescents. The COVID-19 pandemic further complicated VPDs prevention by halting vaccinations in many areas. This study aimed to analyze the global burden and trends of eight high - burden VPDs in 0 - 19 - year - olds from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database across 204 countries, incidence and DALYs were stratified by age, sex, and SDI. A linear regression model calculated AAPCs, and a joinpoint regression model identified a significant trend - change years. The SII and CII quantified SDI-related burden inequality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, global VPDs incidence and DALYs decreased. However, in 2021, there were still a large number of cases and DALYs. Hepatitis E DALYs rose, especially in males and infants. Males generally had a higher incidence of most VPDs. Lower SDI regions had heavier burdens, except for varicella and herpes zoster in high-SDI areas. The COVID-19 pandemic increased the incidence of some VPDs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite progress in VPDs control, gaps in vaccination, socioeconomic inequalities, and new threats like hepatitis E remain. Targeted actions such as perinatal immunization, hepatitis E vaccination in endemic areas, and restoring pandemic-affected health systems are needed to achieve global health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giulia Brigadoi, Daniele Donà, Giovanni Boscarino, Marco Masetti, Rachele Antignani, Elisa Barbieri, Elisabetta Bignamini, Beatrice Campana, Fabio Capello, Loretta Carturan, Alessia Ciardelli, Alessia Colombo, Renato Cutrera, Dario Galante, Antonio Guarini, Emanuela Malorgio, Anna Mandelli, Anna Maria Moretti, Niccolò Parri, Sara Sablone, Nora Terrasini, Mariangela Tosca, Stefania La Grutta, Susanna Esposito
{"title":"Evidence-based clinical recommendations on the use of telemedicine for the management of children, adolescents and young adults with moderate-severe asthma.","authors":"Giulia Brigadoi, Daniele Donà, Giovanni Boscarino, Marco Masetti, Rachele Antignani, Elisa Barbieri, Elisabetta Bignamini, Beatrice Campana, Fabio Capello, Loretta Carturan, Alessia Ciardelli, Alessia Colombo, Renato Cutrera, Dario Galante, Antonio Guarini, Emanuela Malorgio, Anna Mandelli, Anna Maria Moretti, Niccolò Parri, Sara Sablone, Nora Terrasini, Mariangela Tosca, Stefania La Grutta, Susanna Esposito","doi":"10.1186/s13052-026-02219-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-026-02219-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ming-Wei Yin, Xue-Qi Peng, Ji-Hua Ma, Gui-Zhen Jiang, Ning Zhao, Xin-Yu Huang, Si Shi, Xue-Jun Chen
{"title":"COVID-19 infection is associated with anti-M alloantibody development in pediatric patients: immunological characteristics and clinical implications for transfusion safety.","authors":"Ming-Wei Yin, Xue-Qi Peng, Ji-Hua Ma, Gui-Zhen Jiang, Ning Zhao, Xin-Yu Huang, Si Shi, Xue-Jun Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13052-026-02258-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-026-02258-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Value of peripheral blood cell parameters and their derived ratios in predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance in Kawasaki disease.","authors":"Qiqin Tang, Xiujuan Xu, Chuan Gan","doi":"10.1186/s13052-026-02267-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-026-02267-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giulio Dinardo, Mattia Giovannini, Francesca Galletta, Angela Klain, Maria de Filippo, Cristiana Indolfi, Gian Luigi Marseglia, Michele Miraglia Del Giudice, Sara Manti
{"title":"Mapping of pediatric allergy structures in Italy: a nationwide survey.","authors":"Giulio Dinardo, Mattia Giovannini, Francesca Galletta, Angela Klain, Maria de Filippo, Cristiana Indolfi, Gian Luigi Marseglia, Michele Miraglia Del Giudice, Sara Manti","doi":"10.1186/s13052-026-02261-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-026-02261-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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