Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Indirect Costs of Non-Communicable Diseases within the Top Ten Causes of Mortality Worldwide: A Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Astrid Lorena Cubillos, Francisco Palencia-Sánchez, Libia Marcela Hernández, Martha Isabel Riaño-Casallas","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.106400.4065","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2025.106400.4065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major public health challenge, representing the leading cause of disability and premature mortality worldwide. Beyond direct medical expenses, NCDs generate substantial indirect costs through productivity losses and reduced workforce participation. This study aims to identify the indirect costs reported in scientific literature on NCDs in the economically active population between 2012 and 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review covering 2012 to 2025 was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, PubMed Central (PMC), Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus. Only primary studies in English or Spanish were included, and independent reviews were conducted by two authors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1980 identified articles, 42 met the inclusion criteria. Indirect costs were mainly represented by productivity losses (absenteeism and presenteeism) and disease burden measured with Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). The highest volume of research focused on ischemic heart disease, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Evidence on indirect costs of NCDs remains limited despite their significant economic and social impact. These conditions reduce both the quality and availability of the workforce and generate high indirect costs. Addressing these challenges requires strategies across all levels of prevention, not only within healthcare systems but also in workplaces, to mitigate the economic burden of NCDs on the economically active population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 6","pages":"385-402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In Vitro</i> Effect of Lithium Chloride on Adipose Tissue Derived Stem Cells Proliferation and Growth Kinetic.","authors":"Mahin Homayoon, Davood Mehrabani, Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh, Mehrdad Shariati, Masood Amini","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108735.4372","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108735.4372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (AdSCs) are widely used for regenerative medicine purposes. There is always a need to accelerate cell proliferation and protect the cells from apoptosis when cell transplantation, especially AdSCs, is targeted. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of lithium chloride on the proliferation and growth kinetic of AdSCs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was undertaken in the Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, in 2020. Adipose tissue specimens were provided from the abdominal region of a 35-year-old woman. In an <i>in vitro</i> study, human AdSCs were characterized morphologically, by osteo- and adipogenic differentiation properties, and by flow cytometry. They were later treated with lithium chloride to evaluate its effect on cell proliferation and the growth kinetics of AdSCs. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay investigated lithium chloride effect on the proliferation rate and apoptosis of AdSCs. Quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) was carried out to determine the expression of apoptosis genes of Apoptosis Regulator BCL2 Associated X (<i>BAX</i>) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (<i>Bcl-2</i>) protein family.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AdSCs showed mesenchymal characteristics, and lithium chloride at a dose of 6 µM had an increasing impact on cell proliferation and protected the cells from apoptosis. A non-significant increase in expression of the <i>Bcl-2</i> gene (P=0.057) and a significant decrease in <i>BAX</i> gene (P=0.034) expression were visible.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that the addition of lithium chloride to the culture medium enhanced the proliferation of AdSCs and protected them against apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 6","pages":"445-454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Urogenital Myiasis Caused by <i>Psychoda Albipennis</i> Larvae (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Sanandaj, Iran: A Case Report.","authors":"Heresh Moridi, Mohammad Ali Rezaee, Fariba Lahoorpour, Mohyedin Barzegar, Arshad Veysi, Mohammad Shahveysi","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.108473.4349","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2025.108473.4349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urogenital myiasis is a rare parasitic infestation caused by dipteran larvae and is infrequently reported in non-endemic regions. This case report documented the first diagnosed case of <i>Psychoda albipennis</i>-induced urinary myiasis in a 41-year-old man from Sanandaj, Iran. The patient presented with dysuria and recurrent passage of mobile black-grayish particles in his urine over 2 months, following prolonged exposure to freshwater environments during fishing activities in Kermanshah Province. Morphological examination of the expelled larvae confirmed identification of <i>P. albipennis</i> using standard taxonomic keys, with emphasis on characteristic morphological structures. Laboratory analyses, including urinalysis and hematological profiling, ruled out bacterial infections, and imaging studies revealed no urinary tract abnormalities of the urinary tract. Treatment with oral ivermectin (200 µg/Kg) along with adequate hydration resulted in symptom resolution and cessation of larval excretion. Clinical symptoms subsided within 48 hours, and no larvae were observed in the urine after 1 week. This case underscored the facultative role of <i>P. albipennis</i> in urogenital myiasis, potentially associated with environmental exposure and compromised hygiene conditions. It highlighted the diagnostic challenges in differentiating myiasis from conventional urinary infections and emphasized the need for increased clinical awareness in regions with suboptimal sanitation. The findings supported the implementation of integrated public health strategies, including improved sanitation infrastructure and community education, to mitigate the risk of infestation. Further studies incorporating molecular diagnostic methods are recommended to enhance species-specific identification and epidemiological surveillance, particularly in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 6","pages":"455-459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Gene Expression to Candidate Biomarkers in Ulcerative Colitis: Aquaporin-9 in Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation Pathways.","authors":"Hawra Zia Hossein Al-Jamali, Farshad Sheikhesmaili, Mohammad Moradzad, Amjad Ahmadi, Ali Jalili, Bahram Nikkhoo, Mohammad Reza Rahmani, Shohreh Fakhari","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.109059.4425","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2026.109059.4425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been recognized as contributing to UC progression. This study aimed to identify key genes driving NET formation in UC and evaluate their potential as biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gene expression profiles from colon biopsies of UC patients and healthy controls were obtained from the GSE224758 dataset. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the GEO2R tool. Hub genes involved in NET formation, including <i>FCGR3B</i>, <i>AQP9</i>, <i>FPR1</i>, <i>FPR2</i>, and <i>NCF2</i>, were validated through reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) using colon biopsy samples from healthy controls (n=20), newly diagnosed UC (n=20), and treatment-resistant UC patients (n=20) collected between November 8, 2022, and February 2, 2025, at Tohid Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test; Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's <i>post hoc</i> test were applied for group comparisons. ROC analysis was applied to determine the potential of genes for the differentiation of healthy people from patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RT-qPCR validation confirmed significantly increased expression of <i>AQP9</i> (P <0.0001), <i>FPR1</i>, and <i>FPR2</i> (P=0.03 and P=0.02) genes in patients with UC and those with refractory UC compared to healthy controls. Among these, <i>AQP9</i> exhibited the most significant differential expression, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing newly diagnosed and treatment-resistant UC patients from healthy individuals (sensitivity 83.49% and 80.98%, and specificity 67.77% and 64.24%, respectively), indicating its potential as a diagnostic biomarker.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies NET-associated genes, particularly <i>AQP9</i>, <i>FPR1</i>, and <i>FPR2</i>, as candidate tissue biomarkers for UC, with <i>AQP9</i> exhibiting the strongest ability to distinguish patients from healthy controls. These findings support the utility of NET-related genes as tissue biomarkers for UC, while emphasizing that any therapeutic targeting of these molecules lies beyond the scope of the present work and will require additional functional and <i>in vivo</i> validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 6","pages":"426-436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies a Six-Gene Prognostic Signature, RNA Editing Derived Neoantigens, and miRNA Regulatory Networks in Renal Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Zohreh Mehmandoostli, Mahmood Dehghani Ashkezari, Seyed Morteza Seifati, Gholam Ali Kardar","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108742.4376","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108742.4376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous malignancy with variable outcomes and limited biomarkers for prognosis or immunotherapy response. Although mutations in <i>VHL</i>, <i>SETD2</i>, <i>PBRM1</i>, <i>BAP1</i>, <i>FLCN</i>, and <i>TP53</i> are frequent, their integrated effects on tumor biology, RNA editing, and non-coding RNA regulation remain unclear. This study aims to integrate genetic, epigenetic, and immune features to provide mechanistic insights into RCC progression and support precision immuno-oncology and vaccine development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Transcriptomic data from TCGA-KIRC and four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohorts were normalized, batch-corrected, and integrated. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed using LASSO-Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier survival, ROC curves, and nomogram modeling. RNA editing events from REDIportal were annotated for nonsynonymous substitutions and assessed for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I binding. Parallel miRNA-mRNA analyses identified regulatory interactions. Functional enrichment and immune LASSO deconvolution were used to explore pathways and tumor microenvironment features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>VHL</i>, <i>SETD2</i>, and <i>BAP1</i> were downregulated, while <i>FLCN</i> showed heterogeneous upregulation. A six-gene prognostic signature (<i>BAP1</i>, <i>SETD2</i>, <i>TP53</i>, <i>PBRM1</i>, <i>FLCN</i>, <i>VHL</i>) stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups with AUCs>0.70 at 1, 3, and 5 years. RNA editing revealed 35 recurrent events, including 25 nonsynonymous substitutions in <i>TP53</i>, <i>BAP1</i>, and <i>SETD2</i>. Predicted neoantigens included both broadly presented and population-specific epitopes. Deregulated miRNAs highlighted post-transcriptional regulation influencing progression and immune evasion. Functional enrichment analysis implicated chromatin remodeling, metabolism, and immune regulation, while immune profiling linked <i>BAP1</i> mutations with reduced NK/Treg infiltration and identified chromatin genes associated with endothelial and immune activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This integrative study identifies a six-gene signature, recurrent RNA editing-derived neoantigens, and miRNA networks in RCC. By connecting genomic, epigenetic, and immune features, it provides mechanistic insights into RCC progression and supports precision immuno-oncology and vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 5","pages":"316-339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13226997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Multiple\" and \"Multivariate\": Two Commonly Misused Statistical Terms in Research Methodology.","authors":"Farzan Madadizadeh, Sajjad Bahariniya","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.107689.4221","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2025.107689.4221","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 5","pages":"382-384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13226998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Potential of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Against <i>Clostridium Perfringens</i>: An Experimental <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Silico</i> Study.","authors":"Sirous Banafi, Mohammad Hossein Marhamatizadeh, Nader Tanideh, Ebrahim Rahimi, Afshin Zare, Ramazon Safarzoda Sharoffidin, Amin Tamadon","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108710.4369","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108710.4369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Clostridium perfringens</i> (<i>C. perfringens</i>) is an opportunistic anaerobic pathogen associated with severe soft tissue and gastrointestinal infections and increasing antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the <i>in vitro</i> antibacterial activity of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC)-derived exosomes against <i>C. perfringens</i> and to explore potential exosome-enzyme interactions using <i>in silico</i> protein-protein docking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, in 2025. In this experimental <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were isolated from term umbilical cords (UCs), characterized, and induced into osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Exosomes were isolated using a commercial precipitation kit and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and flow cytometry for CD63 expression. The antibacterial activity of exosomes against <i>C. perfringens</i> ATCC 2592 was evaluated by a broth microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay under anaerobic conditions. Optical density (OD600) values were recorded and compared across exosome concentrations. Protein-protein docking was performed between exosomal proteins and four essential <i>C. perfringens</i> enzymes using ClusPro. OD600 values were compared across exosome concentrations using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>hUC-MSCs displayed typical spindle-shaped morphology, tri-lineage differentiation potential, and a mesenchymal immunophenotype. Isolated exosomes were spherical nanovesicles (~30-100 nm) with high CD63 positivity. UC-MSC-derived exosomes inhibited <i>C. perfringens</i> growth in a dose-dependent manner. At 500 µg/mL, exosomes achieved 95.1% inhibition with an OD600 of 0.12±0.03 vs. 2.45±0.10 in the growth control (n=3, P<0.001). Docking analysis suggested favorable <i>in silico</i> interactions between Hsp70 and <i>C. perfringens</i> RNA polymerase and ATP synthase, and between cathelicidin and DNA gyrase, with lower but consistent docking scores for Annexin A1 across targets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>hUC-MSC-derived exosomes exerted significant <i>in vitro</i> antibacterial effects against <i>C. perfringens</i> and exhibited favorable <i>in silico</i> interactions with key bacterial enzymes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 5","pages":"359-371"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13227000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality Assessment of the Iran Intensive Care Unit Registry: A Validation Evaluation Using International Medical Registry Frameworks (2017-2024).","authors":"Farid Zand, Golnar Sabetian, Mohtaram Nematollahi, Hamideh Saeedizadeh, Soha Salimi, Amirmohammad Farrokhi, Mahsa Banifatemi, Fahime Aslami, Naeimehossadat Asmarian","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108018.4279","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108018.4279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Iran intensive care unit registry (IICUR) was established to systematically collect highquality clinical data from critically ill adult patients nationwide. This registry was created to fill a major gap in Iran by providing the first coordinated national intensive care unit (ICU) data system to support benchmarking, quality improvement, and research. This study aimed to assess the registry's data quality, representativeness, and performance using internationally recognized evaluation frameworks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This validation study included consecutive adult ICU admissions (aged≥16 years) recorded in the IICUR between October 2017 and October 2024 across 39 ICUs in 16 hospitals from various regions of Iran. Data quality was assessed based on the directory of clinical databases (DoCDat) and Arts et al., frameworks. Evaluated domains included case representativeness, variable completeness, data validation processes, and coding reliability. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software (version 24).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 34,550 ICU admissions were registered (36% surgical, 64% medical). The patient's mean age was 49.4 years, with an average ICU stay of 6.7 days. The registry achieved a median DoCDat score of 3.0 (on a 1-4 scale), indicating strong national coverage, standardized data definitions, and high recruitment completeness. Trauma, neurological, and respiratory disorders were the most common admission causes. ICU and hospital mortality rates were 13.8% and 16.4%, respectively. Despite its strengths, enhanced data validation and postdischarge followup were required.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The IICUR demonstrated high methodological standards, providing a robust national platform for benchmarking, policy development, and critical care research in Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 5","pages":"305-315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13226859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Stroke and Gut Microbiota (2010-2024).","authors":"Cong Xu, Yonghong Xu, Mo Zhao, Chaowen Chen","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.107100.4141","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2025.107100.4141","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 5","pages":"377-381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13226999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Stem Tumor in Early Gestation: Two Case Reports.","authors":"Taraneh Arbabzadeh, Parya Bamani Moghaddam, Nayyereh Rahmati, Saeed Oraee Yazdani","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.107444.4191","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2025.107444.4191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pontine and brainstem tumors during pregnancy are rare. However, they carry a high maternal mortality risk due to symptom overlap with common pregnancy-related conditions. Diagnosis and management are often delayed and remain challenging. This study presented two cases of pregnant patients with brainstem tumors. The first case involved an 18-week pregnant woman presenting with otitis-like symptoms, facial palsy, right-sided paresthesia, and paralysis. By the time a definitive diagnosis was established, the tumor had become inoperable, and the patient died from tumor-related complications. The second case involved a 23-week pregnant woman who presented with headache, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, and significant weight loss. The pregnancy ended shortly after admission due to preterm premature rupture of membranes, and the patient subsequently died following tumor resection as a result of massive intracranial hemorrhage. These cases highlighted the high risk of misdiagnosis due to overlap with common pregnancy-related symptoms and highlighted the importance of early neurological evaluation to ensure accurate diagnosis and timely management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 5","pages":"372-376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13226994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}