{"title":"Ursodeoxycholic Acid in the Management of Prolonged Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"Manijeh Tabrizi, Sadroddin Mahdipour, Seyyedeh Azade Hoseini Nouri, Vahid Aminzadeh, Zahra Ghadiri, Maryam Shahrokhi","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.107785.4238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.107785.4238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prolonged indirect hyperbilirubinemia (PIH) is defined as bilirubin levels >10 mg/dL for more than 14 days in term infants and 21 days in preterm infants. Although the role of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) as an adjunct to phototherapy has been evaluated, evidence in PIH remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of UDCA on PIH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled trial was conducted on infants with PIH in Rasht, Iran, (July 2023-July 2024). Participants were enrolled through consecutive sampling and randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. The intervention group received 10 mg/Kg/day UDCA for 5 days. The control group received no intervention and was observed. Bilirubin, ABO, and Rh blood group status were measured on day 1 and day 5. Data were analyzed using an independent samples <i>t</i> test with SPSS software (version 26). P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight patients were included, with 29 in each group. Both groups showed a significant reduction in bilirubin levels over 5 days (control: 12.26±1.65 to 10.09±2.74 mg/dL; intervention: 11.96±1.48 to 9.07±3.45 mg/dL; P<0.001). The mean bilirubin reduction was 2.17±2.50 mg/dL in the control group and 2.89±3.00 mg/dL in the intervention group, with no statistically significant difference between groups (P=0.323). On day 5, bilirubin levels were 10.09±2.74 mg/dL in the control group and 9.07±3.45 mg/dL in the intervention group (P=0.216). ABO incompatibility was associated with lower bilirubin levels on day 5 in the intervention group (7.26±2.33 vs. 9.76±3.61 mg/dL; P=0.041). Rh incompatibility was correlated with greater bilirubin reduction over 5 days (4.98±1.54 vs. 2.45±3.07 mg/dL; P=0.025).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Five-day UDCA therapy did not significantly reduce bilirubin levels in infants with PIH.<b>Trial Registration Number:</b> IRCT 2018.228.38895N2.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 4","pages":"266-276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frequency and Diagnostic Utility of Clinical and Radiological Features of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension in Postpartum Patients with Neurological Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Farrokh Seilanian Toosi, Armin Doostparast, Maryam Emadzadeh, Nafiseh Akbari","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.108257.4312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.108257.4312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is an often underrecognized neurological condition resulting from spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. Postpartum women represent a vulnerable population due to unique physiological and procedural factors, yet SIH remains poorly characterized in this group. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of clinical and radiological features in identifying SIH among postpartum patients with neurological symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a retrospective observational study conducted at Qaem Hospital (Mashhad, Iran), 183 postpartum patients presenting with central nervous system (CNS) symptoms who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between 2010 and 2023 were evaluated. Demographic, clinical, and gynecologic data were collected. Brain MRI findings were independently reviewed for features indicative of SIH. Comparative analyses were conducted between patients with and without SIH using Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SIH was identified in 30 patients (16.4%), making it the third most common diagnosis after normal MRI (46.5%) and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (30.4%). Orthostatic headache (63.3%) and seizure (43.3%) were the most common symptoms among SIH patients. However, no clinical symptom significantly differentiated SIH from non-SIH cases (P>0.05). Specific MRI findings-particularly pachymeningeal enhancement (P<0.001), dural venous sinus distension (P<0.001), pituitary enlargement (P=0.01), and brain sagging (P=0.004)-were significantly more frequent in SIH patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SIH is a noteworthy cause of postpartum neurological symptoms. Given the limited specificity of clinical features, contrast-enhanced brain MRI plays a crucial role in diagnosis. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for SIH in postpartum patients presenting with CNS symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 4","pages":"248-255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Anas Patni, Rasha Aa Salama, Sakina Mustafa Vakhariya, Rida Ahmad, Areebah Akhter, Gousiya Fathima, Zaina Falak, Ketaki Devendra, Syeda Nishaat Fatima, Emir Altinoz, Dania Hassan
{"title":"Cosmetic Surgery in the Gulf Cooperation Council: Societal Shifts, Psychological Implications, and Policy Challenges: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Mohamed Anas Patni, Rasha Aa Salama, Sakina Mustafa Vakhariya, Rida Ahmad, Areebah Akhter, Gousiya Fathima, Zaina Falak, Ketaki Devendra, Syeda Nishaat Fatima, Emir Altinoz, Dania Hassan","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.105988.4009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.105988.4009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of globalization, along with the change in societal values and economic growth, has contributed to the growing popularity of cosmetic procedures across the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, including Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. This study explores the prevalence of cosmetic procedures and their correlation with body image perception in this region. Utilizing a comprehensive literature review of research published preferably between 2011 and 2024, this study explores the trends of surgical and non-surgical procedures, the demographics of the users, as well as the determinants of the decision to undergo the procedure in the region. Key determinants include social media popularity, an increased level of awareness towards aesthetic options, and cultural shifts. There is a growing trend of increasing acceptance of rhinoplasty, liposuction, and Botox procedures among women and men aged 20-40. The motivations behind these choices include societal trends, professional image, and self-esteem. However, disparities in access, cultural sensitivities, and ethical concerns persist, especially when balancing traditional values with modern beauty standards. The implications of cosmetic surgery go beyond aesthetics, encompassing physical health risks, psychological outcomes, and ethical dilemmas. Much attention has focused on strengthening robust regulatory frameworks, ethical practices, and patient education to ensure patients are safe and well-informed before making a decision. Moreover, the literature remains sparse on several fronts, including male underrepresentation, long-term psychosocial outcomes, and the influence of cultural and religious norms. Further investigation into these issues will broaden understanding and inform policy formulation in the rapidly evolving field of cosmetic surgery in GCC countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 4","pages":"224-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resilience in Security Crises: Supportive and Resistance Approaches for Employees and Students.","authors":"Vahid Gharibi","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.107628.4214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.107628.4214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 4","pages":"282-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association of Serum Cotinine with Hyperuricemia in American Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Han Wu, Zhiling Wang, Fang Gu","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.107138.4148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.107138.4148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cotinine is a known harmful toxicant, while its relationship with hyperuricemia in adolescents remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between serum cotinine concentration and hyperuricemia among US adolescents aged 12-19 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018. Eligible participants were adolescents (12-19 years) with complete data for serum cotinine and uric acid. Out of 61,125 total participants during the study period, 6,831 participants were included in the analysis. The independent variable was serum cotinine, and the outcome was hyperuricemia. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between serum cotinine and hyperuricemia, and sensitivity analyses were performed from multiple perspectives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population comprised 6,831 individuals. The mean age of the participants was 15.5±2.3 years, 52.3% were men, and 28.6% were non-Hispanic white. Participants with hyperuricemia were more likely to be older (15.9±2.3 years vs. 15.1±2.2 years), male (56.9% vs. 43.1%), and non-Hispanic white (32.8%). The adjusted odds ratio of hyperuricemia associated with a unit increase in serum cotinine was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.01-1.13). This association remained consistent across subgroups and sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggested an association between serum cotinine concentration and hyperuricemia in American adolescents. This modifiable risk factor warrants further investigation as a potential target for mitigating hyperuricemia in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 4","pages":"256-265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interpreting Neurocognitive Signals in Child Sexual Abuse Perpetrators: The Strengths and Limitations of a Multi-Modal Approach.","authors":"Haewon Byeon","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.107310.4171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.107310.4171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 4","pages":"277-281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam Afshari, Mohammad Hossein Sharifi, Hossein Molavi Vardanjani, Amirreza Nikmanesh
{"title":"Adherence to Medication, Mediterranean Diet, and Physical Activity and Their Predictors in Heart Failure Patients.","authors":"Maryam Afshari, Mohammad Hossein Sharifi, Hossein Molavi Vardanjani, Amirreza Nikmanesh","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.106829.4113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.106829.4113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adherence to prescribed medications, a healthy diet, and regular physical activity is essential for the optimal management of heart failure (HF). Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the level of adherence to medications, the Mediterranean diet (MD), and physical activity, and to identify their correlations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, HF patients who were hospitalized from March to November 2022 were enrolled. Medication adherence, the MD, and physical activity were assessed using the 8-item Morisky medication adherence scale, the 14-item MD adherence Screener (MEDAS), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), respectively. Univariate analyses were conducted using the Chi square and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Ordinal logistic regression was applied to examine factors associated with adherence levels. Data were analyzed using Stata software (version 17), and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 320 patients were analyzed. Suboptimal adherence was observed in 97 (30.3%), 88 (27.5%), and 224 (70%) of participants for medication, MD, and physical activity, respectively, and was linked to lower left ventricular ejection fraction. Multivariable analysis revealed that lower medication adherence was associated with older age, tobacco use, and a higher number of comorbidities. Reduced MD adherence was related to a higher body mass index (BMI), the presence of comorbidities, and a history of cerebrovascular accident or myocardial infarction. Lower physical activity levels were associated with older age, a higher BMI, a greater number of comorbidities, and a lower socioeconomic status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In HF patients, nonadherence to medication, the MD, and physical activity were common and associated with poorer cardiac function and a greater comorbid burden. These findings underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to enhance adherence and improve overall patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 4","pages":"236-247"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amin Talebi, Jamal Akhavan Moghadam, Mojtaba Sepandi, Taha Chatab Mohammadi, Ali Rahmatizadeh, Zeinab Shankayi
{"title":"Radiomics-Driven Machine Learning Models for Diagnosis of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Amin Talebi, Jamal Akhavan Moghadam, Mojtaba Sepandi, Taha Chatab Mohammadi, Ali Rahmatizadeh, Zeinab Shankayi","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.105971.4207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.105971.4207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers, with a poor prognosis primarily due to late-stage diagnosis. Improving the accuracy of pancreatic cancer diagnosis is crucial for enhancing survival outcomes, yet the sensitivity of conventional diagnostic methods remains a significant challenge. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of radiomics features extracted from Computed Tomography (CT) imaging, combined with machine learning models, for the detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective dataset from Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran (2024) of 100 participants (50 with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (primarily stages II-III) and 50 healthy controls) was used. CT images were acquired with a three-phase protocol, and radiomics features were extracted using 3D Slicer software. Three classifiers-Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), and Random Forest (RF)-were employed, with feature selection methods including Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE), Mutual Information (MI), and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO). Model performance was assessed using accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F1 score, and area under the curve (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SVM classifier with LASSO feature selection achieved the highest performance, with an accuracy of 0.83 and an AUC of 0.89. LR and RF also demonstrated strong results, with LASSO providing the best feature selection for both classifiers. SHAP analysis revealed that textural features such as gray-level-non-uniformity and run-length-non-uniformity were the most important drivers for distinguishing pancreatic cancer from normal tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Radiomics-based machine learning models show promise for improving the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The combination of LASSO and powerful classifiers such as SVM, LR, and RF offers a robust framework for non-invasive, accurate diagnostic tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 3","pages":"175-185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Need for an Interdisciplinary Approach to Health and Care: Improving Transcendental Health through Reframing Thoughts using Cognitive Patterns of Reframing Thoughts in the Holy Qur'an.","authors":"Seyed Ziaeddin Tabei, Mohsen Varzandeh","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.108217.4304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.108217.4304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 3","pages":"220-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Omid Narimani, Golshid Javdani Shahedin, Iradj Ashrafi Tamai, Ali Akbar Bakhtiari, Ramin Mazaheri Nezhad Fard
{"title":"Emerging Resistance of Filamentous Bacteria in the Oral Cavity of HIV-Positive Patients in Tehran, Iran.","authors":"Omid Narimani, Golshid Javdani Shahedin, Iradj Ashrafi Tamai, Ali Akbar Bakhtiari, Ramin Mazaheri Nezhad Fard","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.106890.4138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.106890.4138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In general, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) weakens the immune system, making patients prone to oral infections such as gum and dental diseases. Filamentous bacteria (actinomycetes) can multiply in these patients, leading to treatment-resistant infections. Routine antimicrobial drugs such as penicillin G, amoxicillin, and tetracycline are widely used for treatment. However, antibiotic resistance is rapidly increasing worldwide. Therefore, the major target of the present study was to assess the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of filamentous bacteria in the oral cavity of HIV-positive patients in Tehran, Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, oral swabs were collected from 205 HIV-positive patients in an academic behavioral disease clinic, Tehran, Iran, and immediately transported to the laboratory under cold chain conditions. Bacterial cultures were prepared on differentiate media, and primary identification was carried out using biochemical and microscopic assays. Furthermore, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction was carried out for molecular identification of the bacterial isolates using 16S rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) sequencing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was assessed using the disk diffusion method for selected antimicrobials.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In general, filamentous bacteria were identified in 5.3% of HIV-positive patients, including <i>Nocardia</i> (2.9%) and <i>Streptomyces</i> (2.4%) species. Molecular identification and biochemical assessments verified these findings. The highest prevalence rate of the bacteria was observed in males (74.1%) and individuals aged 41-60 years. Phylogenetic analysis revealed significant genetic similarities in the identified strains. These bacteria were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole but resistant to other antimicrobials.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, filamentous bacteria such as <i>Nocardia</i> and <i>Streptomyces</i> species show high prevalence rates in HIV-positive patients. Accurate identification using molecular techniques and antimicrobial susceptibility assessments can improve infection management, thereby bringing patients' relief. This study highlights the importance of early detection and suggests further studies on the prevalence and resistance patterns of filamentous bacteria in HIV-positive patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 3","pages":"209-217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}