Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Recombinant Annexin A5 Alleviates Aluminum Chloride-Induced Cytotoxicity, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Apoptotic Signaling in SH-SY5Y Cells.","authors":"Seyyed Mojtaba Poorhashemi, Marzieh Mehdieh, Mohammad Ali Takhshid","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.110021.4632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2026.110021.4632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aluminum contributes to neurodegeneration by inducing oxidative stress, disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and triggering apoptotic signaling cascades. Annexin A5 (ANXA5) is implicated in membrane repair, ion transport regulation, and neuroprotection. This study aimed to evaluate whether ANXA5 can mitigate aluminum-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This <i>in vitro</i> study was conducted at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, during 2023-2024. A recombinant ANXA5 was expressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and purified. The functional integrity of the purified ANXA5 was evaluated by assessing its ability to recognize apoptotic cells. The 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Rhodamine 123 staining, DNA fragmentation assay, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) were used to assess the effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) and ANXA5 on cell viability, MMP, DNA damage, and gene expression, respectively. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software (version 16). One-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's <i>post-hoc</i> test was employed for data analysis. Statistical significance was determined at P<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Electrophoresis confirmed ANXA5 expression and purification. Purified ANXA5 successfully detected apoptotic cells, confirming the preservation of its functional activity after purification. AlCl₃ reduced the viability of SH-SY5Y cells in a dose-dependent manner (IC₅₀=450 µM). ANXA5 (1 µg/mL) reduced the cytotoxic effects of AlCl₃. In addition, ANXA5 (1 µg/mL) reduced the percentage of cells with low MMP, decreased DNA fragmentation, and <i>Bax</i> expression induced by AlCl₃ (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrated that ANXA5 provided significant protection against AlCl₃-induced cellular damage, including cytotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA fragmentation, and the expression of pro-apoptotic genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 9","pages":"657-666"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary Function and Balance in Delhi Police Personnel; A Cross-Sectional Snapshot of Occupational Readiness: A Letter to the Editor.","authors":"Rajeev Kumar Singh, Prince Rohilla, Sampada Jahagirdar, Shazia Mattu, Nitika Roy, Zubina Khan","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.107955.4263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2026.107955.4263","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 9","pages":"675-677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Promise and Next Steps for mHealth in Thalassemia Management.","authors":"Haewon Byeon","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108730.4371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2026.108730.4371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 9","pages":"673-674"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Strategy for Gastric Variceal Bleeding Caused by Sinistral Portal Hypertension Based on Hemodynamic Characteristics: A Case Report.","authors":"Jie Zheng, Shanhong Tang, Juan Zhou","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108344.4326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2026.108344.4326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric varices secondary to sinistral portal hypertension (SPH) are a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage. Endoscopic histoacryl injection is widely used for endoscopic hemostasis in portal hypertension (PH) and is considered a rescue treatment for massive acute GI bleeding. However, it is associated with a high rate of recurrence. Herein, we report a case of repeated pancreatitis-induced SPH that led to refractory gastric variceal (GV) bleeding, ultimately treated by splenectomy. From a hemodynamic perspective, this case explored treatment strategies for GV bleeding caused by SPH and provided insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of affected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 9","pages":"667-672"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lived Experiences of Long COVID in Iranian Immigrants in Canada: Implications for Post-Infection Care and Global Health Equity.","authors":"Mehrdad Askarian, Gary Groot, Tracey Carr","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.110312.4589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2026.110312.4589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of Iranian immigrants in Canada with Long COVID (LC) and to examine how these experiences can inform culturally responsive healthcare approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study employed an interpretive description (ID) methodology and was conducted in Canada in 2024. Twenty adult Iranian immigrants (11 women) with physician-approved LC diagnoses were recruited from across eight Canadian provinces using purposive and snowball sampling via the Telegram application. Data collection comprised one-on-one, semi-structured, in-depth interviews conducted in Persian language through the Zoom video conferencing platform. Interviews lasted an average of 70.8 min (ranging from 51 to 96 min) and were transcribed, translated, and thematically analyzed following Thorn's ID approach, using manual thematic analysis, constant comparative analysis, and inductive reasoning. The social determinants of health (SDH) framework guided the interpretation, situating findings within broader structural and sociocultural contexts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five major themes emerged: embodied disruptions and symptom unpredictability, systemic barriers and healthcare navigation, emotional and existential distress, economic and workplace insecurity, and cultural integration and healing pathways. Regarding healthcare needs, participants identified systemic barriers to navigating healthcare.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings underscored the need for culturally responsive, linguistically accessible, and holistic care strategies that address both health and socio-economic dimensions. Healthcare providers and policymakers could integrate cultural competence, language accessibility, mental health support, and recognition of diaspora-based coping resources into LC care to improve health outcomes for Iranian immigrant populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 9","pages":"630-644"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Post-Marketing Surveillance Study on TGlobulin25^®, the First Rabbit Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (r-ATG) Biosimilar Worldwide, as Induction Therapy in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients.","authors":"Mojtaba Shafiekhani, Mohammad Amin Jafarzadeh, Farbod Shahabinezhad, Siavash Gholami, Jamshid Roozbeh, Zahra Zare, Sahand Mohammadzadeh, Marziyeh Doostfatemeh, Saman Nikeghbalian","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108281.4332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2026.108281.4332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-marketing surveillance studies are essential to establish a realistic assessment of TGlobulin25^®, the first rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (rATG) biosimilar approved in Iran, for the prevention of acute kidney transplant rejection. This study aimed to conduct a post-marketing surveillance investigation comparing TGlobulin25^® with the originator product regarding efficacy and safety in adult kidney transplant recipients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comparative study of recipients who received either TGlobulin25^® or Thymoglobulin^® was conducted at the Abu-Ali Sina Transplant Center, Shiraz, Iran, from 21/03/2022 to 21/11/2022. Key outcomes, such as delayed graft function (DGF), biopsy-proven acute rejections, deaths, and adverse events, were assessed over a 1-year follow-up period. A multiple regression model was adjusted for confounding risk factors, and the normal distribution of continuous variables was evaluated using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 247 patients were enrolled (118 received TGlobulin25^® and 129 received Thymoglobulin^®). Except for the number of kidney transplantations, no statistically significant demographic differences were observed between the two groups. By the end of the study, DGF occurred in 19 patients (16.10%) in the TGlobulin25^® group and 19 (14.72%) in the Thymoglobulin^® group (P=0.76). Severe thrombocytopenia was reported in 3 (2.54%) patients in the TGlobulin25^® group and 5 (3.88%) in the Thymoglobulin^® group (P=0.55), while severe leukopenia was reported in 15 (12.71%) and 7 (5.43%) patients, respectively (P=0.07). No significant difference was observed in biopsy-proven acute rejections (P=0.39), and no statistically significant risk factor for rejection was identified. Four patients in each group died (3.38% and 3.12%, respectively), and three cases of allograft nephrectomy were reported in the Thymoglobulin^® group. No significant difference was found in serum creatinine and calculated eGFR, except for eGFR at the end of the 12th month (P=0.013). The risk of viral infections was also non-significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, no statistically significant differences were observed in major efficacy and safety outcomes. However, eGFR at 12 months was higher in the TGlobulin25^® group. The incidence of Leukopenia was non-significantly higher in the TGlobulin25^® group.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 9","pages":"645-656"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyaluronic Acid in Spinal Disorders: A Narrative Review of Hot Spots and Research Perspectives.","authors":"Seyed Ahmad Raeissadat, Seyed Mansoor Rayegani, Elahe Keshavarzi, Amir Hossein Mahdi Kaghazi, Ali Nazari Nodoushan","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.107196.4155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.107196.4155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyaluronic acid (HA), a cell behavior modulator with anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties, is a member of the glycosaminoglycan family. In orthopedics, HA has been utilized for its chondroprotective, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and cushioning effects, owing to its extreme lubricity and hydrophilicity. HA has been investigated for various diagnostic and therapeutic applications in spinal diseases. This narrative review aimed to clarify that HA may serve as a biomarker in spinal diseases and as a therapeutic agent in several applications, such as tissue engineering for intervertebral disc degeneration, management of spinal pain, prevention of postoperative epidural fibrosis, and minimally invasive treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Although the efficacy of HA as a viable alternative or adjunct to existing therapies for various spinal conditions has been investigated, further experimental and clinical studies are required to explore regulatory considerations, refine clinical applications, and develop potential interdisciplinary management strategies before general recommendations can be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 9","pages":"608-616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Human Gut Microbiome-Derived Candidate Non-invasive Biomarkers for Type II Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Wajeeha Mujahid, Sahar Safdar, Ayesha Aftab, Sania Tabassum, Syeda Marriam Bakhtiar","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.108150.4295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2026.108150.4295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly associated with alterations in the gut microbiome, which influences host metabolism, inflammation, and insulin sensitivity. Metagenomic profiling has emerged as a promising non-invasive strategy for identifying disease-associated microbial signatures. However, distinguishing disease-specific biomarkers from general dysbiosis remains a major challenge. This study aimed to develop an integrative subtractive metagenomic framework to identify candidate disease-specific gut microbial biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This <i>in silico</i> case-control study used publicly available metagenomics datasets from healthy controls and individuals with T2DM. Assembly-based and read-based taxonomic profiling approaches were integrated. Differential abundance analysis using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test identified key microbial taxa significantly associated with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Potential microbial biomarkers were identified as <i>Bacteroides dorei</i>, <i>Bacteroides gracilis</i>, <i>Bacteroides stercoris</i>, <i>Bacteroides ovatus</i>, <i>Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron</i>, <i>Bacteroides uniformis</i>, <i>Bacteroides vulgatus</i>, <i>Bacteroides xylanisolvens</i>, <i>Eggerthella lenta</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i>, <i>Parabacteroides distasonis</i>, <i>Ruminococcus torques</i>, and <i>Subdoligranulum</i>. These taxa are involved in gut metabolic homeostasis and may serve as candidate non-invasive biomarkers for T2DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study advance understanding of microbiome-disease crosstalk and form the basis for further <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> validation and microbiome-targeted therapeutic approaches. Overall, this integrative metagenomic study supports alteration of microbial ecology in T2DM, validating the use of gut microbiome profiling as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in metabolic disease research.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 9","pages":"617-629"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Double-Edged Sword of Telemedicine: Privacy Risks on the Digital Health Frontier.","authors":"Haewon Byeon","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2026.110133.4568","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2026.110133.4568","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 8","pages":"606-607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gut-Brain Axis in Sleep Deprivation: Mechanisms, Dysbiosis, and Potential Therapeutic Avenues.","authors":"Esmail Karami, Mohammad Taghi Mohammadi, Hossein Shirvani, Behzad Bazgir","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.108475.4351","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2025.108475.4351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep is fundamental to metabolic regulation, cardiovascular health, immune balance, and cognitive performance. Emerging evidence indicates that sleep deprivation alters gut microbial communities and immune signaling, thereby influencing the gut-brain axis. This narrative review synthesized current findings on how sleep loss engages gut-brain pathways and evaluated therapeutic avenues linked to specific mechanisms, drawing on peer-reviewed human and animal studies and prioritizing sleep- and brain-relevant outcomes. Evidence converged on three mechanistic pillars: (1) circadian and microbial misalignment, which disrupts diurnal microbiome dynamics; (2) inflammatory and barrier dysfunction loops that increase permeability and immune activation; and (3) altered neurotransmitter and metabolite signaling, including shifts in tryptophan pathways and reduced short-chain fatty acid production, with downstream effects on neuroinflammation and plasticity. Human data supported associations between sleep loss, poor sleep quality, and impaired cognition. However, causal inference was limited by small sample sizes, study heterogeneity, and mixed endpoints. Interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, synbiotics, diet-based short-chain fatty acid strategies, and chronobiotics are biologically plausible, yet they are supported mainly by small trials or preclinical models. Fecal microbiota transplantation shows exploratory, yet faces significant safety, standardization, and regulatory challenges. Collectively, the evidence indicated that sleep deprivation disrupts gut microbiota composition and gut-brain signaling, with consequences for neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter balance, and cognition. This review highlighted the consequent need for standardized endpoints, strain-resolved microbiome analyses, and well-powered randomized controlled trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"51 8","pages":"533-542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}