Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Antioxidant Effects of Coenzyme Q10 against Hyperglycemia-Mediated Oxidative Stress by Focusing on Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in the Liver of Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Fatemeh Samimi, Maryam Baazm, Zahra Nadi, Sanaz Dastghaib, Mehri Rezaei, Farideh Jalali-Mashayekhi","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2023.100078.3222","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2023.100078.3222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress can damage the liver and lead to diabetes complications. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ-10) reduces diabetes-related oxidative stress. However, its molecular mechanisms are still unclear. This study aimed to examine CoQ-10's antioxidant capabilities against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress in the livers of diabetic rats, specifically targeting the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted between 2020-2021 at Arak University of Medical Sciences. A total of 30 male adult Wistar rats (8 weeks old) weighing 220-250 g were randomly assigned to five groups (n=6 in each group): control healthy, sesame oil (CoQ-10 solvent), CoQ-10 (10 mg/Kg), diabetic, and diabetic+CoQ-10. Liver oxidative stress indicators, including malondialdehyde, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione, were estimated using the spectrophotometry method. Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1, and NQO1 gene expressions were measured using real-time PCR tests in the liver tissue. All treatments were conducted for 6 weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. One-way ANOVA followed by LSD's or Tukey's <i>post hoc</i> tests were used to compare the results of different groups. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed that induction of diabetes significantly increased Keap1 expression (2.1±0.9 folds, P=0.01), and significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of Nrf2 (0.38±0.2 folds, P=0.009), HO-1 (0.27±0.1 folds, P=0.02), and NQO1 (0.26±0.1 folds P=0.01), compared with the healthy group. In the diabetic group, the activity of glutathione peroxidase, catalase enzymes, and glutathione levels was decreased with an increase in malondialdehyde level. CoQ-10 supplementation significantly up-regulated the expressions of Nrf2 (0.85±0.3, P=0.04), HO-1 (0.94±0.2, P=0.04), NQO1 (0.88±0.5, P=0.03) genes, and inhibited Keap1 expression (1.1±0.6, P=0.02). Furthermore, as compared to control diabetic rats, CoQ-10 ameliorated oxidative stress by decreasing malondialdehyde levels and increasing catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities, and glutathione levels in the liver tissues of the treated rats in the treatment group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study revealed that CoQ-10 could increase the antioxidant capacity of the liver tissue in diabetic rats by modulating the Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 10","pages":"661-670"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D3 Administration on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Farnoosh Masbough, Mehran Kouchek, Mohsen Koosha, Sara Salarian, Mirmohammad Miri, Masoomeh Raoufi, Niloufar Taherpour, Saied Amniati, Mohammad Sistanizad","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2023.99465.3156","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2023.99465.3156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of high-dose vitamin D3 on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with moderate to severe TBI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-five moderate to severe TBI patients were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Patients in the intervention group received a single intramuscular (IM) dose of 300,000 IU vitamin D. The primary endpoints were interleukin levels (IL-1β and IL-6), and the secondary endpoints were changes in neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Glasgow Coma scale (GCS), and Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E) scores compared between intervention and control arms of the study. The linear Generalized Estimating Equations were used for trend analysis and evaluating the association of independent factors to each outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed a significant decrease in IL-1β levels (-2.71±3.02, in the intervention group: P=0.001 vs. -0.14±3.70, in the control group: P=0.876) and IL-6 (-88.05±148.45, in the intervention group: P=0.0001 vs. -35.54±175.79, in the control groupL P=0.325) 3 days after the intervention. The improvement in the GCS score (P=0.001), reduction in NLR (P=0.001) and PLR (P=0.002), and improvement in the GOS-E score (P=0.039) was found to be greater in the vitamin D3 arm of the study than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Administration of high-dose vitamin D3 in the acute phase of TBI could be effective in lowering the inflammatory markers and improving the level of consciousness and long-term performance outcomes.<b>Trial Registration Number:</b> IRCT20180522039777N2.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 10","pages":"643-651"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Differentially Expressed Genes and Immune Modulation in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma through RNA Sequencing Analysis.","authors":"Nor Adzimah Johdi, Amanda Seng, Wei-Kang Lee, Hanif Zulkhairi Mohamad Said, Wan Fariza Wan Jamaluddin","doi":"10.30476/IJMS.2023.100149.3234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/IJMS.2023.100149.3234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is globally recognized as the most prevalent and aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. While conventional treatments are effective initially, the disease can become resistant or relapse over time. This study aimed to examine the differentially expressed genes at the transcriptome level and molecular pathways in DLBCL patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This investigation utilized RNA sequencing analysis to compare differentially expressed gene samples from five diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients with two healthy volunteers. These participants were admitted to UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur between 2019 and 2020. The differentially expressed genes were identified using the DESeq2 R package (version 1.10.1) using a negative binomial distribution model. The obtained P values were corrected with the Benjamin and Hochberg method and identified using a False Discovery Rate threshold of <0.05, with log₂ fold change (FC) of ≥2 or ≤-2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed 73 differentially expressed genes between the two groups, among which 70 genes were downregulated, and three genes were upregulated. The differentially expressed genes analyzed with the Reactome pathway were significantly associated with the downregulation of antimicrobial humoral response (P<0.001), neutrophil degranulation (P<0.001), chemokine receptors bind chemokines (P=0.028), defensins (P=0.028) and metabolism of angiotensinogen (P=0.040).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that the identified pathways may contribute to cancer progression and weaken the immune response in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. This study offers fresh insights into previously undiscovered downstream targets and pathways modulated by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 10","pages":"652-660"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Incidence, and Risk Factors of Hypothyroidism in Adult Residents of Yazd Greater Area, 2015-2021: Results of Yazd Health Study.","authors":"Masoumeh Khosravi, Reyhaneh Azizi, Hossein Fallahzadeh, Masoud Mirzaei","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2023.99865.3208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2023.99865.3208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Any abnormal change in thyroid hormone levels leads to thyroid disorders, including hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, goiter, and so on. Recent studies have reported an increasing prevalence and incidence of thyroid disorders worldwide. This study aims to determine the hypothyroid prevalence, incidence, and risk factors related to this disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from a comprehensive prospective cohort study, collected from a population of 10,000 Yazd (Iran) individuals over a period of 6 years (2015-2021) was analyzed. Physicians diagnosed hypothyroidism and reported it. Data processing and preparation were performed using SQL18 and Excel, while STATA17 and SPSS22 software were employed for data analysis. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and Chi-square tests were conducted at a significance level of 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of hypothyroidism was found to be 93/1000, and the incidence was 15/1000 of the population, respectively. Women had five folds more chance of hypothyroidism (adjusted OR=5.31, 95% CI=3.06-9.19 vs. unadjusted OR=6.28, 95% CI=3.90-10.12), and they usually developed it between the ages of 30 and 39. Eating less (iodized) salt also increased the risk of hypothyroidism (unadjusted OR=1.47, 95% CI=1.02-2.11). Iron supplementation (unadjusted OR=2.09, 95% CI=1.26-3.48) was identified as one of the significant risk factors. Based on our findings in the unadjusted model, tooth brushing once or twice a day increases the chance of hypothyroidism (OR=1.89, P=0.008, and OR=2.12, P=0.016, respectively). Tobacco smoking (unadjusted OR=0.29, 95% CI=0.107-0.786) was also among the factors that need further investigation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The increasing trend of hypothyroidism is concerning in our population. The high prevalence, particularly among women of childbearing age, is notable.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 10","pages":"623-631"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Surgical Outcomes in Hybrid and Open Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer: A Regional Russian Cancer Centre Experience.","authors":"Evgeny Toneev, Oleg Aleksandrov, Oleg Pikin, Lyudmila Danilova, Oleg Midlenko, Vladimir Midlenko, Andrey Chavga","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2024.101493.3419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2024.101493.3419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surgery is pivotal in treating esophageal cancer; hybrid esophagectomy, which combines minimally invasive and open techniques, shows promising outcomes. This historical cohort study compared the surgical outcomes of standard open esophagectomy with hybrid esophagectomy. Overall, 58 patients who underwent either hybrid or open esophagectomy at the Ulyanovsk Regional Clinical Oncology Clinic, Russia, from January 2015 to December 2023 were included. Data on demographics, surgical details, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. The primary measures were overall complications and anastomotic leakage rates. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's Chi square test and <i>t</i> test via StatTech software (version 2.8.8). The number of removed lymph nodes was higher in the hybrid group (24±9) than in the open group (15±7) (P<0.001). In addition, the hybrid esophagectomy group showed significant reductions in operational time and blood loss (P<0.001 and P=0.014, respectively). The need for blood transfusion was higher in the open esophagectomy group (P=0.043). The postoperative length of stay in the hospital did not differ significantly between the two groups (open=20±8 days, hybrid=17±7 days, P=0.178). Cardiac complications were more frequent after an open esophagectomy (P=0.044). Hybrid esophagectomy reduced postoperative cardiac complications and other adverse events while maintaining satisfactory oncological outcomes. It had advantages over standard open esophagectomy in terms of lymphadenectomy, operative time, blood loss, and transfusion requirements, suggesting its efficacy for esophageal cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 10","pages":"671-676"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of ColonFlag as a Complete Blood Count-Based Machine Learning Algorithm for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Raeni Dwi Putri, Syifa Alfiah Sujana, Nadhira Nizza Hanifa, Tiffanie Almas Santoso, Murdani Abdullah","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2024.101219.3400","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2024.101219.3400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is essential to reduce incidence and mortality rates. However, participation in screening remains suboptimal. ColonFlag, a machine learning algorithm using complete blood count (CBC), identifies individuals at high CRC risk using routinely performed tests. This study aims to review the existing literature assessing the efficacy of ColonFlag across diverse populations in multiple countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) were followed in reporting this systematic review. Searches were conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for English articles, using keywords related to CBC, machine learning, ColonFlag, and CRC, covering the first development study from 2016 to August 2023. The Cochrane Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) was used to assess the risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 949 articles were identified during the literature search. Ten studies were found to be eligible. ColonFlag yielded Area Under the Curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.736 to 0.82. The sensitivity and specificity ranged from 3.91% to 35.4% and 82.73% to 94%, respectively. The positive predictive values ranged between 2.6% and 9.1%, while the negative predictive values ranged from 97.6% to 99.9%. ColonFlag performed better in shorter time windows, tumors located more proximally, in advanced stages, and in cases of CRC compared to adenoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While ColonFlag exhibits low sensitivity compared to established screening methods such as the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or colonoscopy, its potential to detect CRC before clinical diagnosis suggests an opportunity for identifying more cases than regular screening alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 10","pages":"610-622"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prophylactic Effect of Acetaminophen and Caffeine on Post Dural Puncture Headache after Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.","authors":"Seyed Mohammad Reza Hadavi, Ashkan Panah, Sona Shamohammadi, Fatemeh Kanaani Nejad, Mohammad Ali Sahmeddini, Naeimehossadat Asmarian","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2023.99577.3166","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2023.99577.3166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is the most common complication following spinal anesthesia among parturients undergoing cesarean section surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acetaminophen and caffeine in preventing PDPH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 96 obstetric women, who were candidates for elective cesarean section. Following the randomization of participants into two groups, participants in the intervention group received tablets of acetaminophen (500 mg)+caffeine (65 mg), and participants in the control group received placebo tablets orally 2 hours before spinal anesthesia induction and then every 6 hours after surgery up to 24 hours. All parturients were evaluated for frequency and intensity of PDPH every 6 hours until 24 hours after surgery and then 48 and 72 hours after surgery. Overall satisfaction during the first 72 hours of postpartum was evaluated. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in the intervention group were 70% less likely to experience PDPH after spinal anesthesia (OR=0.31 P=0.01, 95% CI [0.12-0.77]). They also experienced significantly milder headaches 18 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours later. Participants in the intervention group reported higher levels of satisfaction at the end of the study (P=0.01). No side effects related to the intervention were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prophylactic administration of acetaminophen+caffeine decreases 70% the risk of PDPH and significantly attenuates pain intensity in obstetric patients who underwent spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 9","pages":"573-579"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Phenotype Changes after Cultivation and Autologous Infusion in Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis.","authors":"Dana Saipiyeva, Manarbek Askarov, Nazanin Jafari, Rano Zhankina, Paul R Heath, Larissa Kozina, Alyona Boltanova, Ardak Omarbekov, Nurbek Ilyassov, Turlybek Tuganbekov, Nadiar M Mussin, Asset A Kaliyev, Yerlan Sultangereyev, Farhad Rahmanifar, Mahdi Mahdipour, Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh, Reza Shirazi, Nader Tanideh, Amin Tamadon","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2023.99613.3172","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2023.99613.3172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a condition affecting the liver and immune system. In this study, the impact of autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) transplantation on PBC patients was investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixteen eligible PBC patients participated at the National Scientific Medical Center in Astana, Kazakhstan, between 2017 and 2022, and BM-MNCs were harvested from their anterior iliac crest. After isolating and cultivating the BM-MNCs, they were infused back into the patient's peripheral veins. Changes in BM-MNC and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PB-MNC) phenotypes were assessed before and after a 24-hour cultivation period and 72 hours post-transplantation. We monitored liver function parameters over 6-month intervals and conducted flow cytometry analysis to assess CD markers on BM-MNCs before and after cultivation and PB-MNCs before and after transplantation. Statistical analysis included the Friedman test for liver parameters and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for BM-MNC and PB-MNC comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed significant reductions in liver function tests after multiple transplantations. Flow cytometry analysis before and after a 24-hour culture and autologous BM-MNC infusion revealed the expansion of specific cell populations, with significant increases in CD3+, CD4+, CD16+, CD20+, CD25+, CD34+, CD105+, CD73+, СD117+, and CD34+populations, while CD4+25+, CD34+105+, and CD4+FOXP3+ populations decreased. Interestingly, a contradictory finding was observed with a decrease in bone marrow CD34+105+ cell lines (P=0.03) alongside an increase in peripheral CD34+105+ population (P=0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, our study shows that BM-MNC transplantation in PBC patients leads to changes in immune cell populations and liver function. These findings suggest potential therapeutic applications of BM-MNC transplantation in managing PBC and offer insights into the dynamics of immune cells associated with this treatment approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 9","pages":"559-572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infancy Urogenital Myiasis: A Case Report.","authors":"Ehsan Mohammadi, Mohammad Abtahi, Parham Manouchehri, Tahereh Saberi, Sedigheh Saberi","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2024.102202.3497","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2024.102202.3497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myiasis is a parasitic infestation of fly larvae caused by dipterous larvae that live in the host's dead or living tissues. This study reported the first case of urogenital myiasis in infants from Iran caused by <i>Lucilia sericata</i>. The 10-month-old boy was taken to the hospital by his mother due to restlessness and abdominal pain. During the examination, motile and live larvae were observed in the penis area. The patient had no history of infectious disease or immune system deficiency, and his blood tests were normal. The entomological analysis found that the source of this myiasis was <i>Lucilia sericata</i> fly larvae. The report of such cases highlighted the importance of physical examination and the awareness of physicians in dealing with myiasis, as well as the necessity of educating mothers on the hygiene of the living environment and child care in rural areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 9","pages":"604-607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Therapy Assessment Tools for Children and Adolescents in Iran: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Ehsan Jamshidian, Aynaz Jabbari, Fatemeh Dehghan, Elahe Fathi Azar, Hooshang Mirzaie","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2024.100756.3325","DOIUrl":"10.30476/ijms.2024.100756.3325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Assessment tools are essential in occupational therapy for providing client-centered care, clinical decision-making, evidence-based documentation, and defining expected outcomes. This study investigated available occupational therapy assessment tools for children and adolescents in Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, PubMed Central, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, SID, Magiran, and Google Scholar from their inception until May 24, 2022. Two reviewers screened records and applied inclusion criteria focused on peer-reviewed articles in English or Persian, covering children and adolescents aged 0-18 years old in Iran. The methodological quality of each study and the evidence quality of each measurement tool was assessed using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) Risk of Bias Checklist, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A review of 66 articles published between 2010 and 2021, identified 51 assessment tools. The majority of tools (70.7%) targeted typically developing children and those with cerebral palsy, with limited options for adolescents (n=5) and infants (n=1). These tools primarily focused on assessing body functions (47.06%), particularly sensory-motor functions. While numerous tools demonstrated good reliability (66.67%) and significant content validity (31.37%), there was a paucity of high-quality evidence supporting other psychometric properties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified 51 occupational therapy assessment tools for Iranian children and adolescents. However, the present research identified some concerning trends, such as lack of tools available for specific populations, an overreliance on translated tools, and a predominant focus on body functions. Moreover, there were concerns about the methodological quality of studies using these tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"49 9","pages":"530-549"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}