{"title":"On Using Standard Deviation or Standard Error of the Mean.","authors":"Farrokh Habibzadeh","doi":"10.30476/ijms.2025.106283.4041","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mean value is commonly used as a measure of central tendency. It is frequently reported along with either the standard deviation (SD) or the standard error of the mean (SEM). While the SD reflects the dispersion of the data in both the sample and population, SEM indicates the precision of the mean. SEM is not commonly used in reporting science; however, the 95% confidence interval, which is calculated based on SEM, is frequently reported in scientific literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":14510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"50 5","pages":"274-277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104539/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2025.106283.4041","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The mean value is commonly used as a measure of central tendency. It is frequently reported along with either the standard deviation (SD) or the standard error of the mean (SEM). While the SD reflects the dispersion of the data in both the sample and population, SEM indicates the precision of the mean. SEM is not commonly used in reporting science; however, the 95% confidence interval, which is calculated based on SEM, is frequently reported in scientific literature.
期刊介绍:
The Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences (IJMS) is an international quarterly biomedical publication, which is sponsored by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The IJMS intends to provide a scientific medium of communication for researchers throughout the globe. The journal welcomes original clinical articles as well as clinically oriented basic science research experiences on prevalent diseases in the region and analysis of various regional problems.