International Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"The role of multimodal ophthalmic imaging in diagnosing choroidal metastasis.","authors":"Hui Di Khor, Pooi Wah Penny Lott, Yi Wen Lim, Dahvinia Devan, Tajunisah Iqbal","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03664-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03664-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To highlight the important role of multimodal ophthalmic imaging in establishing the diagnosis of choroidal metastasis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Case series of choroidal metastasis encountered in Universiti Malaya Medical Center between 2021 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three patients with known cases of primary cancer were presented with choroidal metastasis. Two patients reported blurred vision, with a visual acuity of hand movement, while one patient remained asymptomatic with a visual acuity of 6/6. Fundoscopic findings including subretinal mass and exudative retinal detachment. B-scan ultrasonographic findings including diffuse, plateau, heterogenous choroidal lesion and dome-shaped choroidal mass. Classical optical coherence tomography (OCT) feature is lumpy bumpy choroidal appearance with subretinal fluid. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) generally showed early hypofluorescence followed by heterogenous leakage in the late. Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) showed absence of choroidal vessels overlying the choroidal lesion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From our case series, all patients with known case of primary cancer presented with choroidal metastasis, although rare, is the most common form of intraocular tumours. A detailed medical history, comprehensive clinical examination, and the use of multimodal ophthalmic imaging are essential for the accurate diagnosis of choroidal metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ganglion cell function loss in extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen.","authors":"Sung Eun Song Watanabe, Andressa Zanini Fantato Quercia, Glaycielli Pereira Santos Mandaro de Assis, Milena Leal Borges, Paula Yuri Sacai","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03713-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03713-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study allows the functional evaluation of all retinal layers in individuals with extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen. The findings may contribute to the elucidation of the disease's pathophysiology. The purpose of this retrospective observational study is to determine ganglion cell function in individuals with extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen by measuring the photopic negative response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective observational study included patients with EMAP who were seen at a visual electrophysiology laboratory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-four patients with extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen were evaluated, with 39% having normal visual acuity, 41% bilateral visual impairment, and 20% unilateral impairment; all had characteristic retinal findings, including retinal pigment epithelium atrophy and pseudodrusen. Full-field electroretinogram responses showed significantly reduced amplitudes in all groups compared to reference ranges, with no significant differences between better and worse eyes. The photopic negative response amplitudes (BT and PT) were reduced in all patients, indicating functional loss of retinal ganglion cells, while photoreceptor responses were less affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the importance of assessing retinal ganglion cell function through the Photopic Negative Response as a potential functional biomarker and suggests that extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen may involve broader retinal and systemic dysfunction beyond photoreceptor impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of large language models in providing patient information about keratoconus and contact lenses.","authors":"Yavuz Kemal Aribas, Atike Burcin Tefon Aribas","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03711-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03711-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the accuracy, completeness, informational quality, and readability of responses generated by large language models (LLMs)-ChatGPT (OpenAI, USA), Gemini (Google, USA), and Copilot (Microsoft, USA)-to patient questions concerning keratoconus and contact lens use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 32 questions across eight domains were posed to the free versions of each model. Two independent ophthalmologists rated accuracy (6-point Likert scale) and completeness (3-point Likert scale). Information quality was assessed using the DISCERN instrument, and readability was evaluated with the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES) and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL). Inter-rater agreement was measured with Cohen's Kappa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inter-rater reliability showed at least fair agreement for all LLMs. (min κ = 0.365) ChatGPT achieved significantly higher accuracy than Gemini (p < 0.001) and Copilot (p = 0.010), and higher completeness than Gemini (p = 0.001) but was similar to Copilot (p = 0.101). DISCERN scores were highest for ChatGPT (64), followed by Copilot (61) and Gemini (55). All models produced difficult-to-read content (FRES: Gemini 49.7, Copilot 45.4, ChatGPT 40.7), with FKGL values at late high school level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All evaluated large language models were capable of providing generally accurate and thorough information regarding keratoconus and contact lens use. Nevertheless, limitations in readability across models highlight the importance of clinician oversight to ensure that patient education remains clear, accessible, and appropriately tailored to individual needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune retinopathy: review of current approaches.","authors":"Dimitrios Kalogeropoulos, Andrew John Lotery, Carlos Pavesio, Chris Kalogeropoulos, Panagiotis Kanavaros, Farid Afshar, Fatima Shawkat, Gabriella De Salvo","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03696-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03696-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To provide a comprehensive overview of the existing understanding regarding the clinical characteristics, diagnostic investigation, and treatment strategies for autoimmune retinopathy (AIR). To emphasize the lack of consensus in the field and the ongoing controversies regarding best practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Narrative review of the literature on PubMed and Google Scholar databases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AIR comprises a group of rare autoimmune disorders causing retinal degeneration, characterized by rapid vision deterioration linked to circulating anti-retinal autoantibodies (ARAs). The spectrum includes primary autoimmune diseases and associations with retinitis pigmentosa or various malignancies, raising questions about the causative role of antibodies. Non-paraneoplastic AIR patients may be younger on average than paraneoplastic AIR patients and may have a higher likelihood of being female and having a history of autoimmune disease. Diagnosing AIR is challenging due to its complex pathophysiology, overlapping phenotypes, the absence of standardized diagnostic criteria, and the limited availability of specialized serological testing for ARAs. Despite decades of research progress, the exact mechanisms underlying ocular immune privilege breakdown and the autoimmune attack on retinal cells in AIR remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The diagnosis and management of AIR present ongoing challenges, with no international consensus on diagnostic criteria or treatment protocols. While several authors consider the identification of circulating ARAs crucial for diagnosis, there is disagreement on the pathogenicity of specific antibodies, including anti-recoverin. The lack of randomized controlled trials and a universally accepted treatment protocol for AIR further contribute to uncertainties in its management. Despite recent advances, AIR remains an enigmatic condition, necessitating further research to establish standardized diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12361291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the limitations of OCT-based classification in diabetic epiretinal membranes: a call for integrative vascular and structural assessment with OCT-A.","authors":"Umay Güvenç, Güner Üney, Nurten Ünlü, Özlem Candan, Gözde Orman","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03694-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03694-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Govetto's optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based staging system is widely used for idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERMs), but its applicability to diabetic ERMs remains unclear. Given the distinct microvascular pathology in diabetes, this study evaluated the system's applicability in diabetic ERMs and compared structural and vascular features of diabetic and idiopathic ERMs using OCT and OCT-angiography (OCT-A).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 142 eyes with diabetic ERM, idiopathic ERM, and healthy controls. All subjects underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination, OCT, and OCT-A imaging. ERMs were staged using Govetto et al.'s classification. Correlations between visual acuity (VA), ERM stage, OCT metrics, and OCT-A parameters were analyzed. The macular vessel density ratio (MVR) was also calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ectopic inner foveal layer (EIFL), microcystoid changes, and retinal layer thicknesses were comparable across stages, with EIFL increasing as stages advanced in both groups. EIFL and outer foveal thickness showed no significant group differences, but EIFL was consistently thinner in diabetic cases. Diabetic ERMs had lower vessel densities (VD) and significantly reduced choriocapillaris flow area. Only in the diabetic group were strong correlations observed between outer retinal layer values and VD, as well as between VA, choriocapillaris flow, retinal thickness, and deep macular VD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although Govetto's OCT-based classification aligns with structural progression in both ERM types, it does not reflect the vascular alterations seen in diabetic ERMs. These findings suggest that structural staging alone may be insufficient in diabetic cases. Awareness of vascular differences and integration of OCT-A parameters may improve interpretation and guide prognosis in diabetic ERMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144835086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and epidemiological features of secondary glaucoma in a Mexican Tertiary Ophthalmology Hospital.","authors":"Dalia Lozano-Arriaga, Susana Aguilar, Eduardo Izquierdo-Torres, Angel Zarain-Herzberg","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03709-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03709-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the prevalence and types of secondary glaucoma in adult patients in a Mexican Tertiary Ophthalmology Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, and retrospective study in patients over 18 years of age diagnosed with secondary glaucoma in the period from January to June 2024. A non-probabilistic sampling was carried out within the established period, selecting patients with secondary glaucoma. The analysis included descriptive statistics of central tendency (mean, median, and mode) and dispersion (range, standard deviation) for numerical variables, as well as tables and/or graphs for categorical variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2390 records were analyzed, of which 987 corresponded to subsequent patients. A final sample of 1403 first-time patients was obtained, comprising 208 cases of secondary glaucoma (14.83%). The most frequent cause of secondary glaucoma was secondary to neovascularization (37.98%), in order of frequency, intraocular surgery (19.23%), corneal transplant (12.50%), ocular inflammation (10.10%), pseudoexfoliation syndrome (8.65%), ocular trauma (4.33%), pathologies associated with the lens (3.37%), other causes (1.44%), pigment dispersion syndrome and associated with corticosteroids (each 0.96%), finally associated with tumors (0.48%). The prevalence was 50% in women and 50% in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results, although not representative of the entire population, offer valuable exploration for future research. Our database, as a national referral hospital for glaucoma cases, provides a robust and relevant source of data for understanding this condition. The findings of this study can be used to inform future research on secondary glaucoma and potentially improve diagnosis and treatment strategies for patients with this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144835073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How has global research on neural degeneration in glaucoma evolved from 1977 to 2025? A pioneering bibliometric insight into trends, impact, and future directions.","authors":"Kai-Yang Chen, Hoi-Chun Chan, Chi-Ming Chan","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03700-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03700-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neural degeneration plays a central role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma, contributing to vision loss and disease progression. To identify research gaps and emerging trends, a focused bibliometric analysis of this domain was conducted. This study analyzed global research trends on neural degeneration in glaucoma from 1977 to 2025 using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), with the search completed on 1 June 2025. The systematic search targeted terms related to nerve degeneration, neuroprotection, glaucomatous axonopathy, optic nerve, and retinal ganglion cells. A total of 3680 relevant documents were retrieved and analyzed using R-bibliometrix, Biblioshiny, and VOSviewer software. Analysis included publication trends, key journals, prolific authors, citation patterns, and collaboration networks. Scientific output increased significantly from the 1990s, peaking with over 200 articles annually by 2019, followed by a moderate decline post-2020. Top journals included Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science (314 articles) and Experimental Eye Research (161 articles). Bradford's Law identified a set of core sources contributing the majority of publications. Influential authors included Weinreb RN and Quigley HA, each with over 70 publications. The USA and China led in publication volume, while the USA dominated in citations with approximately 50,918. Co-authorship analysis revealed collaborative clusters, emphasizing the interdisciplinary nature of this field. Trending keywords evolved from foundational terms like \"retinal ganglion cells\" to advanced topics such as \"optical coherence tomography angiography\" and \"intracellular-pressure.\" This bibliometric review outlines key patterns in glaucoma neurodegeneration research and highlights opportunities for future scientific inquiry.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144835075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological indicators and ocular parameters in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.","authors":"Xiaoli Chen, Huihong Liu, Yankun Yue, Haiwei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03714-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03714-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the clinical significance of hematological indicators and ocular parameters in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, 31 NAION patients and 117 age- and gender-matched control subjects were enrolled in 2019-2024. All participants underwent a comprehensive eye examination and received a complete blood count. Hematological parameters (leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width (PDW), activated partial thromboplastin time, and international normalized ration) and ocular parameters including axial length and anterior chamber depth were collected. Analysis of variance, multivariate logistic regression and a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used for statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hematological indicators and inflammatory markers, including systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ration (NLR), white blood cell, monocytes, and PDW values of NAION patients were notably higher than those of the control groups (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression identified a significant correlation only between higher levels of PDW and NAION (p = 0.001). The optimal cut-off value of PDW was 14.65, featuring 75.9% sensitivity and 66.4% specificity. However, there was no statistical difference between the NAION patients and the controls in ocular parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inflammatory hematological indicators were significantly increased in NAION patients, and PDW might serve as a new marker for the clinical management of NAION patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"333"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144835074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-year outcomes of accelerated contact lens-assisted corneal crosslinking versus accelerated corneal crosslinking: a comparative study.","authors":"Fahri Onur Aydin, Elif Bağatur Vurgun, Gamze Özkan, Semra Akkaya Turhan, Ebru Toker","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03707-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03707-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the 24-month outcomes of accelerated contact lens-assisted corneal crosslinking (A-CACXL) in thin corneas (< 400 microns) versus conventional accelerated CXL (A-CXL) in progressive keratoconus patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included progressive keratoconus patients who underwent A-CACXL (9 mW/cm² for 10 min) and A-CXL (9 mW/cm² for 10 min). A-CACXL was performed in cases with the thinnest corneal thickness of 400 μm or less. Preoperative and postoperative best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), keratometric, tomographic, aberrometric values, and Regularization Index (RI) were compared at a 2-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study enrolled 41 eyes; 20 eyes underwent A-CACXL and 21 eyes underwent A-CXL. Preoperative BSCVA, Kmax, K1, and K2 values were similar in both groups (p > 0.05). Preoperative thinnest corneal pachymetry measurements were significantly less in A-CACXL group (384.8 ± 25.2 vs. 450.4 ± 35.7; p < 0.001). ΔBSCVA, RI, and ΔKmax were similar in A-CACXL and A-CXL groups (- 0.14 ± 0.27 vs. - 0.17 ± 0.18; 5.9 D ± 4.9 D vs. 4.6 D ± 2.5 D; - 2.0 ± 3.5 D vs. - 2.0 ± 3.1 D; respectively). A-CACXL showed 95% of eyes halting progression, with 60% showing regression, similar to A-CXL (57.1% regression, 100% halting progression) (p = 0.521). In the A-CACXL group, curvature-based index (ARC) improved significantly (p = 0.002), pachymetric indices (ARTmax, RPIavg) worsened significantly (p = 0.002, 0.026), while no change was observed in aberrometric parameters (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In eyes with thin corneas and progressive keratoconic condition, the safety and effectiveness of A-CACXL seemed comparable to that of A-CXL at the 2-year follow-up. Both techniques yielded similar visual, keratometric, tomographic, and aberrometric results.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144835085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"miR-497 knockout aggravates alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization via VEGFA and FGF2 pathways in mice models.","authors":"Wanruo Guo, Kuiliang Yang, Wanju Yang, Xiaoyu Wu, Yumiao Pan, Yi Xiang, Yanning Yang","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03691-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03691-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Corneal neovascularization (CNV) plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of alkali burn. Recent studies have suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) may offer a novel therapeutic approach for treating CNV. However, the role of miR-497 in the context of alkali burns remains poorly understood. This study aims to explore the role and underlying mechanisms of miR-497 in the treatment of alkali burn-induced CNV in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6 wild-type mice were used as the control group, while CRISPR/Cas9-mediated miR-497 knockout mice served as the experimental group. Mice were grouped based on time points following corneal burn injury. Corneal opacity was evaluated using a slit-lamp microscope and scored accordingly. The extent of CNV was quantified using ImageJ software. Pathological changes were observed via hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, and CD31, VEGFA, and FGF2 expression were analyzed through immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following the successful induction of CNV, both mouse groups developed corneal opacity and CNV, with severity increasing as the alkali burn duration prolonged, reaching its peak at 14 days. The experimental group showed more corneal opacity and CNV than the control group, with HE staining revealing greater structural damage, neovascularization, and inflammation. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis showed a positive link between VEGFA and FGF2 expression and CNV growth, with higher levels in the experimental group than in the control. RT-PCR results confirmed this finding, as mRNA expression trends matched the IHC data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VEGFA and FGF2 are crucial in CNV development. miR-497 may regulate these pathways, balancing angiogenesis and inhibiting CNV.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12343637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}