International Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Application of cardiopulmonary coupled sleep monitoring technology in sleep analysis of glaucoma patients.","authors":"Cuijuan Liu, Jing Ma, Pengfen Wang, Wei Liu, Miaomiao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03689-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-025-03689-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess sleep quality of glaucoma patients using cardiopulmonary coupled CPC monitoring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>276 patients from July 2021 to May 2022 were continuously collected. 176 patients including 95 patients with acute angle-closure glaucoma (group A) and 81 patients with chronic angle-closure glaucoma (group B) were enrolled, 100 cataract patients (group C) as the control group. The CPC monitoring was performed on the enrolled patients. According to diseases types and CPC results, the sleep quality of the glaucoma patients was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total sleep time (TST) of group A was 6.91 ± 1.471 h, while Group B's TST was 7.14 ± 0.637 h. Group C's TST was 7.45 ± 0.852 h. The sleep efficiency (TIB) of group A was 80.128 ± 10.959, and group B's TIB was 80.246 ± 9.936. Group C's TIB was 85.451 ± 6.534. The Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) of group A was 17.923 ± 19.901, and group B's AHI was 15.438 ± 15.818. Group C's AHI was 9.481 ± 10.494. The difference between the group A and group B was statistically significant, and the differences among the group A, B and the group C was statistically significant in the three sets of data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PACG patients, especially with acute presentation (PAACG), demonstrate significantly disrupted sleep and higher AHI versus controls via CPC monitoring. These findings advocate for embedding sleep-disordered breathing screening into routine glaucoma management using CPC as a practical triage tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"308"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of central visual field deterioration by sector-wise peripapillary vessel density measurement in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa.","authors":"Kazuyoshi Okawa, Yume Iwashita, Tatsuya Inoue, Shohei Kawasaki, Yuna Uechi, Misa Miyazato, Kentaro Nakamura, Ryo Asaoka, Maiko Maruyama-Inoue, Yasuo Yanagi, Kazuaki Kadonosono","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03677-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-025-03677-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the relationship between the visual field (VF) deterioration and vessel density (VD) around the optic nerve head (ONH) in a sector-wise manner in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study enrolled the RP patients who demonstrated VF constriction within central 10°. The VD around the ONH was measured with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), using three binarization methods and the relationships between VD and the mean deviation (MD) value were investigated, respectively. Then, the VD in each quadrant (superior, temporal, inferior, nasal) around the ONH was calculated using Otsu method (OVDs: vessel density measured with Otsu method in the superior region, OVDt: vessel density measured with Otsu method in the temporal region, OVDi: vessel density measured with Otsu method in the inferior region, OVDn: vessel density measured with Otsu method in the nasal region). Considering the foveal position relative to the optic disc, angle-corrected binarized OCTA images were created and the VD was measured in each sector (AcOVDs: angle-corrected OVDs, AcOVDt: angle-corrected OVDt, AcOVDi: angle-corrected OVDi, and AcOVDn: angle-corrected OVDn). We investigated the relationship between the MD value and OVDs, OVDt, OVDi and OVDn. Furthermore, the correlation between the MD value and AcOVDs, AcOVDt, AcOVDi and AcOVDn was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-six eyes were examined in the current study. Among Niblack, Bernsen and Otsu methods, the VD measured with Otsu method was closely related to the MD value. Among OVDs, OVDt, OVDi and OVDn, the optimal model for the MD value included OVDt and OVDi. On the other hand, among AcOVDs, AcOVDt, AcOVDi and AcOVDn, the optimal model for the MD value included only AcOVDt.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The sector-wise VD around the ONH reflects VF deficit severity and is a candidate for improving the assessment of VF deterioration in eyes with RP.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of suture thickness on clinical outcomes in gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy: a comparative analysis of 5-0 and 6-0 polypropylene sutures.","authors":"Enver Mirza, Gunsu Deniz Mirza, Selman Belviranli, Mehmet Okka","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03682-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-025-03682-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the clinical results of Gonioscopy-Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy (GATT) performed with 5-0 or 6-0 polypropylene sutures and whether it makes a difference in anterior chamber (AC) morphology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The file records of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma who underwent GATT with 5-0 or 6-0 polypropylene sutures were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups (GATT with 5-0 polypropylene suture: Group 1 vs. GATT with 6-0 polypropylene suture: Group 2). The clinical results of GATT, intraocular pressure (IOP) values, and parameters measured with Pentacam HR Scheimpflug camera system including anterior chamber angle (ACA), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), central corneal thickness (CCT), and pupil diameter (PD) of two groups at preoperative period, postoperative 1st, 3rd, and 6th months were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 41 patients were included in the study (Group 1: n = 21, Group 2: n = 20). Approximately 60% reduction in IOP was detected in both groups and the rate of IOP reduction at each visit was similar between the two groups (p > 0.05 in all). It was determined that there were no differences in AC parameters including ACA, ACD, ACV, CCT, and PD at any visit in either group. (p > 0.05 in all). Also, there was no significant difference in the complication rates between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was observed that there were no significant differences in terms of success rate, complication rate, and the effect on AC morphology between performing GATT with 5-0 or 6-0 polypropylene sutures.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a propylene glycol-hydroxypropyl guar nanoemulsion in patients with mild to moderate dry eye disease.","authors":"Dalia Denisse Ng-Alemán, Ricardo Acosta-González, Juan Carlos Altamirano-Vallejo, José Navarro-Partida, Alejandro González de la Rosa, Arturo Santos, Edgar Alejandro Moreno-Diaz, Aurora Rebolledo-Ramírez","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03648-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03648-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dry eye disease (DED) is a common inflammatory disease of the eye surface that significantly affects quality of life. The present study investigated the effect of a propylene glycol-hydroxypropyl guar (PG-HPG) nanoemulsion on objective non-invasive ocular surface status markers in individuals with mild to moderate dry eye disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nonrandomized clinical trial in fifty eyes from 25 healthy subjects with mild to moderate DED who applied one drop of PG-HPG nanoemulsion to each eye twice a day for three months. The primary outcomes measured changes in tear film osmolarity and meibography scores from baseline to three months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were statistically significant changes in meibography scores (p < 0.0001) and osmolarity (p = 0.0066) from baseline to three months. The average osmolarity decreased by approximately 6.17 units from baseline to three months. No statistically significant changes were observed in NIAVG, Schirmer's test, or NIBUT from baseline to three months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PG-HPG Nano-emulsion produced changes in objective non-invasive ocular surface status markers, including a reduction in meibography scores and tear film osmolarity at three months, further clinical studies on the effectiveness of PG-HPG against a comparator are to expand the evidence of its effectiveness as a therapeutic option and its effects on patient quality of life in DED management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of corneal thickness with ocular structures from corneal epithelium to optic nerve sheath diameter.","authors":"Arif Ülkü Yener, Zennure Özdemir Yıldız, Zeliha Çöllüoğlu Hamurcu, Haluk Balım","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03683-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-025-03683-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the association of central corneal thickness with corneal epithelium, ocular A-scan parameters, anterior chamber angle, and optic nerve sheath diameter.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 161 individuals with thick, thin or normal corneas, with average ages of 53.3, 56.8 and 52.9 years, respectively, were included in this study. During routine eye examination, the right and left eyes of those with corneas thicker than 600 µm or thinner than 500 µm were assessed by comparing them separately with the eyes of those with normal corneas and with each other. After the participants' corneal thicknesses were measured by a non-contact tonometry/pachymetry, anatomical structures such as anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and axial length were calculated with the A-Scan mode of an ultrasound device, and optic nerve sheath diameter was measured by the B-Scan mode of the same analyzer. Measurements of anterior segment structures, including corneal epithelium, corneal pachymetry and anterior chamber angle were recorded with a spectral domain optical coherence tomography. The optic disc area was automatically measured with the same device and compared with the optic nerve sheath diameter and central corneal thickness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Central corneal thickness was inversely correlated with age. Thicker central cornea was associated with smaller anterior chamber angle (for normal vs. thick 34.7 ± 5.7° and 29.4 ± 6.9°, P = 0.00, for normal vs. thin 34.7 ± 5.7° and 30.7 ± 7.3°, P = 0.00), whereas ocular A-scan parameters, including anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and axial length did not show significant differences. Intraocular pressure measurements lower than 17.9 mmHg were significantly different between the groups, with the highest measurements obtained from the thick group (17.9 ± 3.2 mmHg, 15.3 ± 2.3 mmHg, and 16.7 ± 2.1 mmHg for thick, thin and normal corneas, respectively). Despite within normal limits in all groups, the optic nerve sheath diameter in the control group was significantly smaller than that in the thick and thin groups (4.23 ± 0.71 mm vs. 4.66 ± 0.54 mm for normal and thick, P = 0.00, 4.23 ± 0.71 mm vs. 4.58 ± 0.55 mm for normal and thin, P = 0.02). The epithelium at nine points in the thick corneas, was significantly thicker than the corresponding points of the other two groups (the central thickness of epithelium for the thick and thin 58.4 ± 3.9 µm vs. 52.8 ± 2.9 µm, P = 0.00, for the thick and normal 58.4 ± 3.9 µm vs. 53.4 ± 2.4 µm, P = 0.00). For the thick cornea group, optic nerve sheath diameter was significantly correlated with optic disc area (r = 0.86, P = 0.000) and central corneal thickness (P = 0.003, regression coefficients).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thicker central cornea was associated with thicker corneal epithelium, smaller anterior chamber angle, greater optic nerve sheath diameter, and higher intraocular pressure readings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The antibiotic resistance profiles of Staphylococcus in the Asia Cornea Society infectious keratitis study.","authors":"Wei-Boon Khor, Mercy Halleluyah Periayah, Rajamani Lakshminarayanan, Venkatesh Prajna, Prashant Garg, Namrata Sharma, Alvin Young, Kohji Nishida, Shigeru Kinoshita, Ai Ling Tan, Donald Tiang-Hwee Tan","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03667-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03667-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Staphylococcus species, specifically S. aureus and S. epidermidis, collected from the Asia Cornea Society Infectious Keratitis Study (ACSIKS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Isolates were re-identified in this laboratory study, and antibiotic susceptibility was determined by broth microdilution. A panel of 11 antibiotics from 7 classes were tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined based on Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines, where available. Isolates were classified as susceptible, intermediate, or resistant, with methicillin-resistance determined by oxacillin susceptibility. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was defined as resistance to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 490 staphylococci isolates were analyzed, with S. epidermidis (42%) and S. aureus (24.1%) the most prevalent. Vancomycin was universally effective against both species. However, resistance to the common fluoroquinolones was high in S. aureus (49.1%-51.6%) and S. epidermidis (36.9%-40.3%). Methicillin-resistance was present in 33.1% of S. aureus and 47.6% of S. epidermidis isolates. MDR was significantly associated with methicillin-resistance, with 85% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and 66.3% of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis exhibiting MDR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antibiotic resistance is common in Staphylococcus species causing infectious keratitis in Asia. High rates of resistance to the commonly used fluoroquinolones and the prevalence of MDR in methicillin-resistant isolates pose a major challenge. The findings emphasize the need for local data to guide treatment decisions and to consider alternative antibiotics in cases with multidrug resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12283863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients' awareness and presenting symptoms at the onset of neovascular age-related macular degeneration in two distinct European cohorts.","authors":"Celeste Limoli, Louise O'Toole, Gabriele Piccoli, Paolo Nucci, Stela Vujosevic","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03679-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-025-03679-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a common ocular condition in the elderly population. If left untreated, it can lead to significant visual impairment. Prompt detection of the disease achieves better therapeutic outcomes. The goal of this study is to ascertain the presenting symptoms of nAMD from two different population groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire was distributed to two groups of patients with nAMD who attended intravitreal injection services in Milan and Dublin. Four age-subgroups were considered: 60-69, 70-79, 80-89, > 90 years. Patients completed an interview questionnaire regarding their symptoms at the time of diagnosis with nAMD. The patients were divided into two groups; Group A consisted of Italian patients and group B comprised Irish patients. Symptom differences between the groups were compared using the Chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 237 patients with nAMD were included in the study, with 136 in group A and 101 in group B. The most common age-subgroup was 80-89 years (49.8%); the majority 129(54.4%) patients were females. The most frequently reported symptom at the time of nAMD onset was distortion (n = 105, 44.3%). Notably, 50 patients (21.1%) were asymptomatic. The Irish patients were less aware of the onset of the symptoms of nAMD compared with their Italian counterparts(p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that 21.1% of patients with nAMD were asymptomatic at the onset of their condition. Symptom awareness was higher among the Italian cohort compared to the Irish group. Patients at risk for conversion to nAMD should attend regular OCT monitoring rather than relying on subjective symptoms alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sutureless scleral pocket implantation of the Baerveldt glaucoma device in refractory glaucoma: a retrospective case series.","authors":"Tomaso Caporossi, Lorenzo Governatori, Alessandra Scampoli, Gloria Gambini, Antonio Baldascino, Emanuele Crincoli, Stanislao Rizzo","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03692-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-025-03692-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a Baerveldt valve implant technique without creating a scleral flap and without using a scleral patch in refractory cases of secondary glaucoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series. We included 52 eyes affected by refractory glaucoma that were recruited for Baerveldt tube implant. Surgery is reserved for cases of refractory glaucoma and is performed under locoregional anaesthesia with peribulbar anesthesia. Before the implant, a valve is prepared using a 5-0 Prolene® is used as a stenting suture and the tube is ligated with 7-0 Vicryl. The valve is positioned in the supero-temporal quadrant. We create a belt in the scleral thickness near the outlet of the tube and then create a pocket in the scleral thickness starting from 7 mm away from the limbus. Finally, with a 22-gauge needle, we enter the anterior chamber and position the tube. The primary outcomes were the percentage of tube erosion and the proportion of surgical success at 12 months post-operatively. Complete success and qualified success were distinguished.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 28 eyes (53.84%) that showed an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) after 3 months of follow-up, which underwent Prolene suture removal to increase Baerveldt filtration. Of these 28 eyes, 16 (57.14%) reached a stable final IOP, and 12 eyes (42.85%) needed extra medical or surgical therapy. There were 6 cases (11.53%) that showed opacity in the cornea, possibly due to a pre-existing corneal condition and endothelial cell loss for elevated IOP. No case showed complications related to tube exposure or the scleral pocket in 12 months of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Baerveldt valve scleral pocket implant technique is safe and effective, the learning curve is not particularly steep, and the incidence of tube complications was comparable with the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial and fungal pathogen profiling in infective keratitis: a multimodal diagnostic approach.","authors":"Surya Prakash Sharma, Ashok Sharma, Sujata Dwivedi, Anil Sharma, Ravi Kant Sharma, Sonal Datta","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03609-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-025-03609-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infective keratitis is a serious ocular condition where early and accurate identification of the causative organisms is crucial for effective treatment. However, traditional diagnostic methods such as microbial culture often have low sensitivity, particularly in microbial culture-negative cases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess and compare the performance of conventional methods (microbial culture and smear microscopy) with molecular methods (PCR) for detecting bacterial and fungal pathogens in patients with infective keratitis in North India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 109 patients with clinically diagnosed infective keratitis and 30 healthy controls were enrolled between January 2023 and January 2024. Diagnostic methods included slit-lamp examination, microbial culture, 10% KOH wet mount, Gram staining, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The sensitivity and specificity of each method were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microbial culture showed a sensitivity of 14.68% and specificity of 90%, with Aspergillus and Staphylococcus species being the most commonly isolated organisms. Smear microscopy showed better sensitivity (72.47%). PCR achieved the highest sensitivity (84.4%) and detected pathogens in 86 out of 120 culture-negative cases. PCR identified 57 fungal and 48 bacterial infections, including 10 cases of mixed infections. 10% KOH smear detected fungi in 55 samples, and Gram stain identified bacteria in 23 samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PCR significantly improved pathogen detection, especially in culture-negative and polymicrobial cases. The findings support the integration of molecular diagnostics with conventional methods for more accurate and timely diagnosis of infective keratitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of posterior corneal surface abnormalities after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty on visual outcomes and high order aberrations.","authors":"Mohamed Aly Kolaib, Shahira Mahmoud, Alaa Atef Ghaith, Mohamed Bahgat Goweida","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03669-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-025-03669-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of posterior corneal surface abnormalities following deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) on visual outcomes and high order aberrations (HOA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted on DALK cases. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A with posterior corneal surface abnormalities (interface haze, pre-Descemet's scarring, central Descemet's membrane (DM) perforation, and central DM folds) and Group B (control group) with regular posterior surface. Visual acuity, refractive outcomes, contrast sensitivity, and HOA were assessed in both groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 84 eyes of 78 patients. Group A included 42 eyes of 38 patients and an equal number of control eyes were randomly included in group B. Group A exhibited significantly lower corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) compared to Group B (Mean LogMAR 0.45 ± 0.25 in group A vs 0.31 ± 0.21 in group B, P = 0.012). Subgroup analysis revealed the lowest visual acuity in eyes with multiple posterior surface abnormalities, although the difference was not statistically significant. The mean topographic astigmatism was significantly higher in group A than in group B (4.47 ± 2.36 diopters vs 3.11 ± 2.16 diopters, respectively, P = 0.001). No significant differences were found between the 2 groups regarding total eye or corneal HOA. Contrast sensitivity was significantly lower in Group A at lower spatial frequencies (P = 0.013 and P = 0.004 at 3 and 6 cycles per degree, respectively), particularly in eyes with large DM perforations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Posterior corneal surface abnormalities after DALK can negatively impact visual outcomes, especially contrast sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}