International Journal of STD & AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Persistent and co-occurring sexual risk behaviors after syphilis diagnosis in primary health care users in Brazil: A cross-sectional descriptive study.","authors":"Lorena Guimarães Oliveira, Andrea Gomes Linard, Maria Jocelane Nascimento da Silva, José Erivelton de Souza Maciel Ferreira","doi":"10.1177/09564624261442690","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261442690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AimThis study aimed to describe patterns of persistence and co-occurrence of post-diagnosis sexual risk behaviors among Primary Health Care users with syphilis and to examine their distribution across sociodemographic markers.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in a Primary Health Care unit in Brazil. Adults with documented positive rapid syphilis tests at least 6 months prior to interview were actively traced from the registry (August 2017-February 2022). Post-diagnosis sexual risk persistence was assessed using the Sexual Risk Persistence Score (SRPS; 0-3), composed of inconsistent condom-use, alcohol-use before sex, and drug-use before sex. Descriptive, bivariate, and correlation analyses were performed.ResultsThe final sample included 42 participants. Most were women (62%), older than 24 years (76%), had only primary education (52%), self-identified as Brown/mixed race (76%), were single (69%), and unemployed (57%). Persistence of at least one post-diagnosis risk behavior (SRPS ≥ 1) was observed in 93%. Multiple concurrent behaviors were frequent (SRPS 2-3: 52%). Sociodemographic markers, including sex, gender identity, race/skin color, occupation, and education, were associated with behavioral patterns. Educational level was negatively correlated with alcohol use before sex (ρ = -0.429; <i>p</i> = 0.005), and alcohol and drug use before sex were positively correlated (ρ = 0.331; <i>p</i> = 0.032).ConclusionsIn this Primary Health Care setting, inconsistent condom-use and substance-use frequently persisted and co-occurred after syphilis diagnosis. These findings suggest that post-diagnosis vulnerability extends beyond individual behavior and highlight the importance of longitudinal and equity-oriented Primary Health Care strategies beyond diagnosis and treatment alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"906-910"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147673476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Albuvirtide-based regimens for advanced- stage HIV and <i>Talaromyces marneffei</i> co-infection: A longitudinal case series.","authors":"Xiaoshu Yu, Shengyi Li, Changjing Zhou, Qinge Ma, Pingxuan Lu, Fuyan Ma, Cong Song, Wenjun Nong, Yansi Lu, Lianlian Tan, Jingjing He, Jun Zou","doi":"10.1177/09564624261440690","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261440690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTalaromyces marneffei (TM) represents a major opportunistic infection among People living with HIV (PLWH) in Southeast Asia and southern China. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Albuvirtide (ABT, currently licensed only in China)-based antiretroviral regimens during the advanced stage of infection in this understudied population.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal case series from June 2022 to March 2024 at two hospitals in Guangxi, China. The study included treatment-naive HIV/TM co-infected patients who initiated ABT-based antiretroviral therapy combined with oral background regimens (predominantly dolutegravir/lamivudine or bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide). Analyses and findings evaluated after 6 weeks of treatment included changes in HIV viral load, CD4 + T-cell count, and CD4/CD8 ratio. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank and McNemar's tests.ResultsA total of 52 patients were included. Excluding one patient lost to follow-up, the 6-week survival rate was 98.0% (50/51), with a single mortality attributed to advanced disease. In the 50 patients analyzed, the median viral load decreased rapidly from 274,500 (IQR: 52,775-794,874) to 119.5 (IQR: 40-464.5) copies/mL (P < 0.001). The median CD4 + T-cell count increased significantly from 14.0 (IQR: 5.0-32.0) to 83.5 (IQR: 35.0-127.75) cells/μL (P < 0.001). The CD4/CD8 ratio showed an improving trend (0.065 to 0.100, P = 0.058). No severe adverse events related to the study drugs were observed.ConclusionFindings from this small case series suggest that ABT-based regimens demonstrated a favorable safety profile and achieved rapid viral suppression during the critical advanced stage of HIV/TM co-infection. These findings suggest that adding parenteral ABT to oral background regimens provides a feasible and intensified treatment strategy to stabilize critically ill patients, particularly those with potential gastrointestinal dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"846-852"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147633649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to letter to the editor: \"Methodological considerations on the meta-analysis of doxycycline versus azithromycin for chlamydia trachomatis in cis-men\".","authors":"Safa Boujemaa, Gurparsad Singh Suri, Gurleen Kaur","doi":"10.1177/09564624261444908","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261444908","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"933-934"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147716715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in modelled HIV prevalence among transgender women in South Africa: National estimates, 2022-2026.","authors":"Tronic Sithole","doi":"10.1177/09564624261441374","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261441374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundTransgender women experience a disproportionate burden of HIV. National-level trend analyses in South Africa remain limited. This study asked whether modelled HIV prevalence among transgender women changed between 2022 and 2026, and whether disparities relative to the national population and adult females had narrowed over this period.MethodsA quantitative ecological analysis was conducted using modelled estimates from the Thembisa model (version 4.8) (2022-2026). Annual HIV prevalence and 95% confidence intervals were extracted. Estimates for 2022 and 2023 reflect retrospective modelled outputs, while estimates for 2024 to 2026 incorporate model projections. A Mann-Kendall trend test was conducted to assess the statistical significance of observed changes. Absolute differences and prevalence ratios were calculated.ResultsHIV prevalence among transgender women declined from 43% in 2022 to 40% in 2026. National prevalence remained stable (13%). The absolute gap decreased from 30 to 27 percentage points. In 2026, HIV prevalence among transgender women remained more than three times higher than national prevalence. The Mann-Kendall trend test confirmed a statistically significant downward trend (τ = -1.00, <i>p</i> = 0.017).ConclusionDespite modest declines, substantial disparities persist. Continued monitoring and targeted HIV strategies remain essential. These findings carry direct implications for South Africa's National Strategic Plan on HIV and for the National Department of Health's key population programming.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"839-845"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conducting an RCT of a sexual health intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons learned.","authors":"Cynthia Ann Graham, Nicole Stone, Stephen Bremner, Nuala McGrath, Rowena Bedford, Katherine Brown, Katie Newby, Amanda Clarke, Louise Jackson, Leanne Morrison, Tom Nadarzynski, Ye To","doi":"10.1177/09564624261432787","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261432787","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"704-708"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13172380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147390118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular syphilis: Clinical characteristics, HIV status, and outcomes in a 10-year case series from Türkiye.","authors":"Nazife Duygu Demirbas, Ali Basci, Alper Gunduz, Gozde Kuran, Semra Tiryaki Demir, Ozlem Altuntas Aydin, Dilek Yildiz Sevgi","doi":"10.1177/09564624261431179","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261431179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundOcular syphilis is a rare but potentially sight-threatening manifestation of <i>Treponema pallidum</i>. Despite increased awareness related to the global resurgence of syphilis and its association with HIV, data from Türkiye remain limited.MethodsThis case series included patients diagnosed with ocular syphilis at two tertiary centers in Türkiye. We evaluated their clinical, ophthalmologic, serologic, CSF, HIV-related data, treatment, and visual outcomes.ResultsTwenty-four patients (43 affected eyes) were included; 92% were male, with a median age of 46 years (IQR, 31.0-52.8). Ocular involvement was the initial clinical manifestation of syphilis in 92% of patients, and 54% had no systemic symptoms at presentation. Bilateral disease was observed in 19 patients (79%). Among the 43 affected eyes, posterior uveitis and panuveitis were the most common anatomical patterns, each observed in 15 eyes (35%). Fifty-eight percent of patients were people living with HIV (PLWH), half of whom were newly diagnosed at presentation. PLWH were significantly younger than those without HIV (median 37.0 vs 52.0 years; <i>p</i> = 0.012) and were more frequently men who have sex with men (64% vs 0%; <i>p</i> = 0.002). Lumbar puncture revealed at least one cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormality in 71% of individuals; elevated CSF protein levels were more common among PLWH (85% vs 25%; <i>p</i> = 0.017). All individuals received neurosyphilis-equivalent therapy, resulting in significant improvement in visual acuity (median ΔlogMAR -0.56; <i>p</i> < 0.001).ConclusionsOcular syphilis frequently presents without systemic symptoms and is often associated with HIV. In patients presenting with posterior uveitis or panuveitis, routine syphilis and HIV testing is essential for accurate diagnosis and timely management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"750-756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147348049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terbinafine-resistant <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i> type VII: An emerging sexually transmitted dermatophytosis.","authors":"Mouna Korbi, Maissa Abid, Sameh Belgacem, Monia Youssef, Hichem Belhadjali, Jameleddine Zili","doi":"10.1177/09564624261427858","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261427858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexually transmitted dermatophytosis caused by <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i> genotype VII (TMVII) has recently emerged as a novel clinical entity, particularly within sexual networks. This pathogen is characterized by inflammatory genital lesions, diagnostic challenges, and increasing antifungal resistance. We report a case of genital dermatophytosis caused by terbinafine-resistant TMVII in a heterosexual woman following sexual exposure abroad. A 35-year-old otherwise healthy woman presented with a 3-week history of rapidly progressive, intensely pruritic genital lesions unresponsive to topical antifungal therapy. Clinical examination revealed well-demarcated annular erythematous plaques with central clearing and an active scaly border confined to the pubic and inguinal regions. Direct microscopic examination demonstrated fungal hyphae, and fungal culture identified <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i>. Molecular analysis by PCR sequencing confirmed genotype VII. The patient denied animal contact or fomite exposure but reported unprotected sexual intercourse during recent travel to Turkey. Screening for sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis, was negative. Oral terbinafine therapy (250 mg/day for 4 weeks) was ineffective. Antifungal susceptibility testing confirmed biological resistance to terbinafine. Treatment was switched to oral itraconazole (100 mg/day for 4 weeks), resulting in complete clinical resolution without relapse. This case illustrates an emerging sexually transmitted dermatophytosis due to terbinafine-resistant TMVII. To our knowledge, no previous cases linked to travel to Turkey have been reported. The report highlights the importance of considering TMVII in patients presenting with inflammatory genital dermatophytosis, particularly when lesions are refractory to standard antifungal therapy. Early recognition, molecular confirmation, appropriate treatment, and partner management are essential to prevent further transmission of this emerging pathogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"801-805"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147463220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture risk assessment in patients prescribed pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV: An audit and comparative evaluation of screening tools.","authors":"Quin Healey, Martyn Wood, Emily Clarke","doi":"10.1177/09564624261436937","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261436937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundTenofovir disoproxil, a component of most pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV (PrEP), is associated with reduced bone mineral density. UK guidelines recommend assessing fracture risk for PrEP users aged over 50 years, and in 2025 QFracture joined FRAX as a suggested screening tool. Awareness of fracture risk supports decision making including the need for bone mineral density measurement or use of tenofovir alafenamide-based PrEP. We audited staff adherence to assessment and characterised the clinical impact, including any effect of screening tool choice.MethodsThis study reviewed the patient records of PrEP users at nine sexual health services in northwest England during January-April 2025 who met UK guideline criteria for osteoporosis risk assessment. FRAX and QFracture were calculated for each patient and used to determine clinical outcome.ResultsFracture risk assessment had been completed for 156/220 (71%) eligible patients. 6/15 (40%) indicated dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans had been requested. 129/220 (59%) patients had sufficient available data for inclusion in the comparison of FRAX and QFracture outcomes.10-year major osteoporotic fracture risk was significantly lower using QFracture (1.4%) compared to FRAX (3.5%; <i>p</i> < .001), as was the indication for DEXA scan (QFracture 0.8%, FRAX 11.6%; <i>p</i> < .001). Based on FRAX assessment, three patients were switched to PrEP containing tenofovir alafenamide and two started a bisphosphonate for osteoporosis. Use of QFracture would have missed both patients.ConclusionsChoice of screening tool impacts both estimated fracture risk and clinical outcome. FRAX may be preferable to QFracture due to increased sensitivity and may be more feasible by incorporating fewer variables. Fracture risk assessment in line with national guidelines supports best practice for patient case, and services should therefore audit practice and optimise processes to maximise staff adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"794-797"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147473705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are we \"Spotting the Signs\" correctly? - A review of safeguarding assessments in young people.","authors":"Ella Buluwela, Uzochi Nwaosu, Charlotte E Cohen","doi":"10.1177/09564624261428799","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261428799","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"798-800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147289451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review to examine the function, safety, effectiveness, efficacy and acceptability of the female condom used during anal sex.","authors":"Mags Beksinska, Yolandie Kriel, Tammany Cavanagh, Bidia Deperthes, Tim Sladden","doi":"10.1177/09564624261430245","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09564624261430245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionLimited guidance exists when female condoms are used for anal sex. We evaluated the available evidence regarding the effectiveness, efficacy, function, safety, and acceptability of the female condom for use during anal sex.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review with narrative analysis. We searched PubMed, Ovid (EMBASE, PsycINFO, Global Health, Ovid Medline), Web of Science, Google Scholar, ProQuest, HMSS database, Elsevier/Science Direct, Cochrane, EBSCO Host, and JSTOR. Eligible studies were included if they reported on the use of the female condom during anal sex. There was no restriction on the type of studies.ResultsTwelve studies were identified: seven cross-sectional surveys, three randomised cross-over trials, and two qualitative studies. Function outcomes mainly included slippage and breakage and aside from one study were reported per participant and not by numbers of condoms used. Definitions of female condom failures varied across studies. Slippage was reported by 14.5%-52.5% of users, while breakage reports were under 5.0%. Acceptability outcomes included likeability, pleasure, usage ease, design issues, discomfort, and sensitivity. Participants found usage challenging in general especially difficulties in insertion and placement of the inner ring. Reporting of pleasure was mixed with differing opinions by insertive and receptive partners. Five studies included safety outcomes which included pain, bleeding, discomfort, and irritation. More than half of participants reported at least one safety outcome. No studies reported on female condom effectiveness or efficacy in prevention of STIs/HIV when used for anal sex. The assessment of the data quality overall was poor.ConclusionsDue to the data limitations, is not possible to determine any conclusive findings about the function, safety, acceptability or effectiveness/efficacy in STI/HIV prevention of the female condom use during anal sex. There is an urgent need for quality evidence to inform guidance on female condom use when used for anal sex.</p>","PeriodicalId":14408,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of STD & AIDS","volume":" ","pages":"725-737"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147390089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}