International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Experience in the Application of Non-invasive Prenatal Screening for the Detection of Down Syndrome in Russia: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"E. V. Kudryavtseva, V. Kovalev, I. Baranov, A. A. Dektyarev","doi":"10.15296/ijwhr.2022.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2022.31","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Assessment the effectiveness of non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) for identifying pregnant women at high risk of giving birth to a child with Down syndrome. Materials and Methods: The retrospective cohort study included 25798 pregnant women who underwent NIPS in Russia from January 2013 to December 2018. 21042 and 4756 participants underwent tests from the Natera laboratory, USA (non-invasive prenatal test 1, NIPT-1) and the Genomed laboratory, Russia (non-invasive prenatal test 2, NIPT-2), respectively. Results: A high risk of trisomy 21 (T21) was detected in 544 cases (2.59%). The mean age in women at high risk of T21 was 37.3 years. According to the NIPT results, in patients who revealed a low risk of T21, the mean age was 33.8 years (P<0.001). In 535 cases, invasive prenatal diagnosis was performed. In 7 (1.3%) cases, the presence of T21 in the fetus was not confirmed. In 528 (97.3%) cases, T21 was confirmed by fetal karyotyping. Among women who revealed a low risk of T21 (N = 25086), in 4 cases (0.015%), fetal trisomy 21 was missed. Thus, the indicators of the effectiveness of NIPS in Russia in relation to T21 are as follows: sensitivity - 99.25%, specificity - 99.96%, PPV - 98.7%, NPV - 99.98%. In the first trimester, in the presence of fetal T21, the level of the fetal fraction of free-DNA is significantly lower. Conclusions: NIPS has good prospects for implementation in pregnancy management programs and increasing the effectiveness of prenatal detection of T21. The level of the fetal fraction is associated with the presence of fetal T21.","PeriodicalId":14346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89341164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Promising New Therapeutic Modality in the Treatment of Recurrent Vulvovaginitis: Ozone therapy","authors":"S. Ulger","doi":"10.15296/ijwhr.2022.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2022.22","url":null,"abstract":"diagnosed in the primary health care. It affects 75% of the women once in their life and 40% of them face with recurrent episodes. The term of recurrent vulvo-vaginitis is considered when the disease repeats four or more times per year. The disease is not easily resolved due to the traditional self-treatment modalities and the most important reason is the extensive abuse of antibiotics, fungicides, and vaginal antiseptics. These factors complicate the disease, rises the antibiotic resistance, and worsen the wonderful complex microecological system of the vagina (1). In healthy women, the vaginal microbiota is dominated by H2O2-producing Lactobacillus which maintains the normal acidic environment of the vagina (2). Any change in this microecological system will cause a variety of vaginal infections. The general conventional treatment with antibiotics also destroys this beneficial bacterial flora leading to a more chronic and complex disease. It is necessary to search new treatment modalities that will effectively solve the problem while protecting the balance and function of the vaginal microecological system (3). Ozone is a trioxygen (O3), highly reactive inorganic gaseous molecule which is known as the third strongest oxidant molecule in the world. Ozone is a natural part of the atmosphere produced by ultraviolet light and a high-pressure diatomic oxygen in the stratosphere layer. It was discovered in the mid-nineteenth century, however its usage as a medical drug is in recent decades (4). It is known as a strong disinfectant with perfect antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and anti-parasitic properties. With a stronger oxidant effect, ozone is an important microorganism killer while protecting beneficial microorganisms and healthy tissue (5). It has been shown that the dominance of lactobacillus come back, and normal vaginal environment is rebuilt after vaginal ozone treatment in the vulvovaginitis patients (3). Bocci, a physiologist, has studied ozone for long years and identified this new medical drug as a wonder drug of 21st century (5). Ozone has a key role in the human A Promising New Therapeutic Modality in the Treatment of Recurrent Vulvovaginitis: Ozone therapy","PeriodicalId":14346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88882952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemotherapy-Related Structural Changes in Cancer: Effect of GnRH Antagonist in the Ovarian Follicles","authors":"D. Mohammadnejad, Faeze Daghigh, A. Hamzehzadeh","doi":"10.15296/ijwhr.2022.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2022.36","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The adverse effect of chemotherapy on the proliferation of granulosa cells has been indicated in recent studies. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists exert protective effects on granulosa cells against the side effects of chemotherapy. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of cetrorelix on the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells following administration of thiotepa in the ovaries of female mice. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 adult Balb/c female mice (5-8 weeks old, weighing 24-28 g) were divided into three groups (n=10/ each group) (Control group, T. group, and C. group). T. group received 2.5 mg/kg of thiotepa for four consecutive days. The C. group received cetrorelix (0.25 mg/kg) before and at the same time as thiotepa administration and a week after the end of thiotepa administration. Ovaries were used for quantitative and immunohistochemical studies at the end of the investigation. Results: The mean numbers of follicles such as primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary significantly decreased in the T. group than control group (P=0.02). Cetrorelix treatment exerted a protective effect against thiotepa-induced damage by increasing the mean numbers of follicles in the ovarian cortex (P=0.04). Conclusions: As a GnRH antagonist, cetrorelix can be considered as one of the effective drugs to protect the granulosa cells against chemotherapy-induced damages in cancer disease.","PeriodicalId":14346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86409599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome and Associated Factors amongst Women Belonging to King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"L. Altamimi, A. Aseeri, Zaibunnisa Kamran, A. Kazi, Aljohara M Alquaiz","doi":"10.15296/ijwhr.2022.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2022.33","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The burden of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is increasing and affects the quality of life of young women. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of PMS and identify the associated factors amongst students and staff belonging to the King Saud University (KSU) in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia, 2019. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted during 2019 with 409 women (both students and staff), aged 18-30 years belonging to the KSU (female campus), in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire comprised sociodemographic information, premenstrual symptoms, smoking, physical activity, and social support. Standard protocols were followed to measure anthropometric indices, including height, weight, hip, and waist circumference. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the significant factors associated with PMS. Results: Participants’ mean age and body mass index were 22±3.3 years and 24.0±5.3 kg/m2 , respectively. The mean scores for total symptoms were 6.71±2.81, ranging from 0 to 12, with more than 90% of women reporting at least one symptom. The physical symptoms were more frequently reported as compared to psychological symptoms. The multivariate regression found that high-level studies (OR= 2.26, 95% CI: 1.31-3.92) and participants reporting income level <10000 Saudi Arabian Riyal (OR= 2.66, 95% CI: 1.40-5.03) were significantly associated with PMS. Conclusions: A significantly large number of women are suffering from PMS. Lifestyle interventions focusing on body weight and income-generating programs can help decrease premenstrual symptoms. We recommend that national-level studies should be conducted to highlight any urban-rural differences related to PMS.","PeriodicalId":14346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74939835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Group Counseling on Depression, Stress, and Anxiety of Premenstrual Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Farnaz Fooladiha, M. Mirzadeh, Maryam Sarraf, Zinat Jourabchi","doi":"10.15296/ijwhr.2022.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2022.35","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a combination of physical, spiritual, and emotional symptoms, which periodically happens before the cycle. The current research aims to investigate the effect of group counseling on depression, stress, and anxiety of PMS. Materials and Methods: The current study is a randomized clinical control trial on 112 married women who experience PMS that makes them refer to health centers in Qazvin city. The samples were divided into two groups of 55 in control and 57 in the trial group, randomly. Three sessions of group counseling were held for the trial group, each session was 45 minutes long and including teaching about PMS and its symptoms, depression, stress, and anxiety caused by this syndrome, and also negative mood and stress management skills. Data were gathered by demographic information questionnaire, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales 21, and PMS scale. Results: Initially, when starting the study, the results of the studied variables were homogeneous in both intervention and control groups. Moreover, no significant difference was seen in the severity level of PMS symptoms (P=0.70) and depression (P=0.61), stress (P=0.10), and anxiety (P=0.60) score before intervention in both groups. After intervention, the mean scores of severity of the PMS (P<0.001), depression (P<0.001), stress (P<0.001), and anxiety (P<0.001) in the intervention group significantly decreased. Conclusions: Group counseling caused a significant reduction in the severity of PMSs and depression, stress, and anxiety. Counseling protocol for reducing the severity of the PMS and treating depression recommended.","PeriodicalId":14346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74388977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Intraoperative Oxytocin Infusion on Irrigation Fluid Absorption During Hysteroscopic Myomectomy: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Trial","authors":"H. Pourfathi, S. Atashkhoei, B. Naghipour, Rasool Hesam Amini, Leila Kafshdooz","doi":"10.15296/ijwhr.2022.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2022.26","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: One of the most prevalent benign tumors in women is uterine leiomyoma. Large quantities of fluid absorbed during myomectomy may cause serious problems such as volume overload and hyponatremia. The aim was to see how intraoperative oxytocin infusion affected irrigation fluid absorption in individuals having hysteroscopic myomectomy. Materials and Methods: 50 women between 25-45 years who underwent hysteroscopic myomectomy and had an American Society of Anesthesiologists class I or II were evaluated in this randomized, double-blind clinical trial study. A 250 mL ringer solution containing 15 units of oxytocin was administered at a 125 mL/h in the oxytocin group (group S). In contrast, the placebo group (group P) received 1.5 mL of normal saline in the same amount of Ringer solution. Intraoperative hemodynamic alterations, fluid deficit, decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, sodium, and albumin levels from baseline, complications, and the incidence of toxicity with the administered solutions were assessed intraoperative and 24 hours later. Results: Group S had considerably reduced irrigation fluid volume (P=0.021) and volume deficit (P=0.001). The frequency of hypotension in individuals receiving oxytocin did not differ significantly from the placebo group (P=0.26). In group S, serum hematocrit (P=0.036) and sodium (P=0.026) were decreased significantly. Conclusions: Intraoperative oxytocin infusion during hysteroscopic myomectomy may be associated with reduced irrigation fluid absorption and the problems that come with it. As a result, this approach might decrease the risks associated with high amounts of irrigation fluid being absorbed during hysteroscopic myomectomy.","PeriodicalId":14346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences","volume":"65 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72634086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of a Special Food (Fried Eggs With Grape Molasses) on Threatened Miscarriage in Combination With Conventional Therapies: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"F. Moradi, M. Tabarrai, S. Hantoushzadeh, M. Sepidarkish, F. Nejatbakhsh, K. Mirzaei, Soodabeh Bioos","doi":"10.15296/ijwhr.2022.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2022.25","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Threatened miscarriage is a common disorder in early pregnancy and is seen in 20% of pregnant women. Currently, there is no effective therapeutic solution for this condition. This study aimed to determine the effects of a special food (fried egg with grape molasses) on threatened miscarriage in combination with conventional therapies. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 93 pregnant women with mild or moderate vaginal bleeding up to 16 weeks of gestation in two groups. The control group (n = 47) used progesterone 400 mg suppository daily with abstinence from sexual intercourse and physical activity. The intervention group (n = 46) consumed fried eggs with grape molasses and the routine treatment like the control group. The treatment was considered successful if the pregnancy continued up to 20 weeks. Finally, the risk of abortion (miscarriage rate) and the duration of vaginal bleeding were compared between two groups. Results: The risk of abortion in the control group was about 26% (12 of 45 pregnancies), while in the intervention group, it was 15% (7 of 45 pregnancies). This result was not statistically significant between the two groups (Risk ratio: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.37-1.30, P= 0.197). Additionally, no significant difference was detected regarding the duration of vaginal bleeding between the intervention and control groups (P= 0.699). Conclusions: There is no significant statistical relationship between the consumption of \"fried eggs with grape molasses\" and reduction of abortion risk.","PeriodicalId":14346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83428763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Peak Systolic Velocity in Pulmonary Artery Color Doppler and Neonatal Respiratory Outcomes in Fetal Growth Restriction With Abnormal Fetoplacental Circulation: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Rozita Hosseinzadeh, Z. Fardiazar, L. Vahedi, Shervin Tabrizyan, Saddollah Yeghaneh Dost, Shamci Abbas Alizadeh","doi":"10.15296/ijwhr.2022.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2022.29","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Newborns with fetal growth restriction (FGR) are at a high risk of prenatal mortality and morbidity compared to infants with appropriate intrauterine growth. The importance of Doppler ultrasound as a non-invasive method for estimating the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) in newborns and adults has been mentioned in many studies. This study investigated the relationship between peak systolic velocity in pulmonary artery color Doppler and neonatal respiratory outcomes in FGR with abnormal fetoplacental circulation. Materials and Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 60 pregnant women with a gestational age of 32-37 weeks were studied in two groups: group I (women with fetus suspected of FGR according to ultrasound assessment) and group II (women with normal pregnancy). All women underwent Doppler ultrasound of pulmonary artery, umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, and venous ductus. The pick systolic velocity (PSV) of the trunk of the pulmonary artery was evaluated in the fetus of all participants. After delivery, all infants were studied for respiratory outcomes at birth. Finally, variables included gestational age, fetal estimated weight based on Hadlock table, fetal amniotic fluid index, maternal parity, umbilical artery pulsatility index (PI), middle cerebral artery PI, maximum pulmonary artery velocity (PV), umbilical artery to middle cerebral artery index ratio, and the number of infants admitted to the newborn intensive care unit (NICU) due to respiratory distress were compared between two groups. Results: Our results showed a significant association between pulmonary artery PI in FGR fetuses with abnormal fetoplacental circulation. The rate of early NICU hospitalization of infants in the group I was higher than group II due to respiratory diseases, as well as the need for oxygen and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Conclusions: Pulmonary artery color Doppler ultrasound can be effective in diagnosing FGR embryos during pregnancy and making the necessary predictions to reduce prenatal mortality and morbidity in these infants.","PeriodicalId":14346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80327635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing the Anxiety and Concern of Pregnant Women during Antenatal Anomaly Screening Tests: A Systematic Review","authors":"Z. Khakbazan, F. Farnam, S. Hantoushzadeh, Parsa Abdollahi, M. Arjmandifar","doi":"10.15296/ijwhr.2022.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2022.30","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Although antenatal anomaly screening tests (AAST) provide valuable information about fetal health, performed to prevent the birth of children with chromosomal abnormalities, uncontrolled stress while performing such tests may negatively affect the mother’s mental health. This study aimed to systematically review clinical trial studies in which reducing pregnant women’s anxiety and concern in the process of performing AAST was among their objectives. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, six electronic databases (Scopus, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, and CINAHL) were searched. Data extraction was performed through randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English, which the core fell onto designing an intervention to reduce pregnant women’s anxiety and concern associated with performing AAST. Results: Out of the 1946 studies, six were included in this systematic review. In most studies, a positive impact on knowledge and satisfaction with the information received was observed. However, no effect was reported regarding decreasing or increasing the anxiety and concern of pregnant women in the process of performing AAST. Studies were heterogeneous in terms of intervention type and gestational age of participants. Conclusions: Interventions aimed at providing pregnant women with specific information about prenatal screening for chromosomal abnormalities have no impact on reducing their anxiety and concern. Therefore, designing educational-psychological interventions to prevent and reduce anxiety and concern of pregnant women in this period is recommended.","PeriodicalId":14346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82185477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is There any Effect of COVID-19 on Follicular Environment in Women Underwent ART?","authors":"N. Yılmaz, Z. Kurdoğlu, Caner Özer, S. Aydoğan, Özlem Moraloğlu Tekin","doi":"10.15296/ijwhr.2023.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2023.08","url":null,"abstract":"There is insufficient data on the impact of severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) on the reproductive tissues, its possible risk of cross-contamination, transmission and adverse effect on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. Until today, there is no report associated with viral RNA in both follicular fluid and embryo culture medium from SARS-COV-2 positive women. In this case report, a 24-year-old woman with SARS-CoV-2 was presented. We investigated the SARS-COV-2 positivity in the follicular fluid and embryo culture medium of mildly symptomatic woman on oocyte pick up (OPU) day. We could not detect viral RNA in neither the follicular fluid nor the embryo culture medium. In addition, although the response of ovarian stimulation was normal, the number and maturity of the retrieved oocytes were low.","PeriodicalId":14346,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72896081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}