International Journal of Preventive Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Curcumin Administration on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Pulse Wave Velocity in Diabetic Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Mojtaba Ghasemiadl, Soheil Ghasemi, Alireza Soleimani, Mahsa M Esfahani, Javid Azadbakht, Hamid R Gilasi, Hamid R Talari","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_55_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_55_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prior studies have reported that curcumin is inversely associated with reduced markers of atherosclerosis risk, including carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). This study was designed to assess the effects of curcumin on CIMT and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in diabetic hemodialysis (HD) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 39 diabetic HD patients. People were assigned to receive curcumin or placebo (starch) for 24 weeks. Individuals in the curcumin group (<i>n</i> = 26) received 80 mg/day. CIMT and PWV levels were taken at baseline and after 24 weeks of intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 24 weeks of intervention, curcumin intake did not affect mean levels of left (<i>P</i> = 0.83) and right (<i>P</i> = 0.47) CIMT and maximum levels of left (<i>P</i> = 0.84) and right (<i>P</i> = 0.11) CIMT, and PWV (P = 0.12) compared to the placebo. Furthermore, within-group difference demonstrated a significant reduction in mean levels of PWV (<i>P</i> = 0.01) in the curcumin group. We did not observe any significant change in C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations after curcumin intake (<i>P</i> = 0.69).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Curcumin intake did not affect mean levels of left and right CIMT and maximum levels of left and right CIMT, PWV, and CRP levels compared to the placebo. Additionally, within-group difference demonstrated a significant reduction in mean levels of PWV in the curcumin group.This trial was registered at www.irct.ir as http://www.irct.ir: IRCT20200527047584N1.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"15 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10935569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140131430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overuse of Antibiotics: Who is to Blame? A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Zary Nokhodian, Zahra Boroumandfar, Soodabeh Rostami, Behrooz Ataei","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_287_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_287_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The irrational use of antibiotics seriously threatens global health. Clinicians undoubtedly play an essential role in consuming antibiotics in hospitals and communities, and their attitudes may help the health system's optimal treatment of antibiotics. In this study, we reported clinicians' experiences with antibiotics used in Isfahan, Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a qualitative study conducted from October 2020 to March 2021, the experiences of 13 clinicians with different clinical specialties were collected through one-to-one interviews. Participants were selected through purposive sampling until data saturation; data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the transcribed interviews. The main category was recognized and subcategorized and coded by three researchers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight women and five men with a mean work experience of 12.54 ± 10.047 years participated in the study. All of them worried about the overuse of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance. Clinicians believe that the antimicrobial stewardship committee is not active in our country. Laboratory challenges, healthcare providers, the poor performance of the health system, and marketing and business were the main categories of the study. Subcategrories of main categories included inefficiency in the function of laboratories, harmful profit, challenges in medical education, ups and downs of disease treatment, the unacceptable performance of hospitals, failure to upgrade the health system, threats and opportunities, and jobbery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The participants of this study believed that excessive use of antibiotics is a serious challenge in our country. Physicians were concerned about antibiotic resistance and believed that the pattern of antibiotic resistance was not routinely reported. Therefore, in our region, we should make more efforts to collect data in this field and provide this information to physicians. Also, this study confirmed many obstacles to implementing the antimicrobial stewardship program, and the infrastructure needs strengthening. There is also a need for cultural changes and the views of physicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is it Possible to Control the Infection through the Internet?","authors":"Masoud Mohammadi, Mohammad-Rafi Bazrafshan","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_93_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_93_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wanning Smallpox Vaccination, Decreased Population Immunity Rate and Increased Incidence of Monkeypox: Reappraisal on West African Situation.","authors":"Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_189_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_189_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilitating and Inhibiting Factors of Clinical Knowledge Sharing among Medical Specialists in University Hospitals.","authors":"Elaheh Mazaheri, Mousa Alavi, Rahele Samouei, Hasan Ashrafi-Rizi","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_143_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_143_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical knowledge sharing (CKS) is one of the key points of knowledge management in the field of health and significantly increases the quality of care and patient safety. It also provides the achievement of an efficient system in hospitals and educational and treatment centers involved in clinical processes in order to make the best clinical decisions. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that facilitate and inhibit CKS among medical specialists in the educational-treatment hospitals in Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an applied qualitative study with the conventional content analysis method conducted in 2022. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. The participants were 13 medical specialists and sub-specialists working in educational-treatment hospitals of the country, who were selected by purposeful and snowball sampling. The method of data analysis was based on Graneheim and Lundman's five-step method, which was followed by codes, sub-categories, main categories, and classifications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After conducting the interviews and assessing their content, finally, 193 codes were extracted, which were identified in two general classification of facilitating and inhibiting factors with 92 and 101 concepts, respectively. Facilitating factors in the three main categories of \"education in the context of culture, society and university\", \"planning and implementation management\", and \"behavioral-motivational factors\" and inhibiting factors in the four main categories of \"infrastructural, policy-making and cultural challenges\", \"technological and scientific infrastructural challenges\", \"personality-behavioral challenges\", and \"financial and non-financial motivations\" were classified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The participants of the research pointed out the effective role of CKS in keeping them up-to-date in the use of diagnostic, therapeutic, and even drug prescribing methods. According to their belief, knowledge sharing (KS) in the clinical setting will reduce diagnostic errors and cause the primordial prevention of diseases as well as increase the knowledge and awareness of the society members.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of Fingolimod and Interferons in Controlling Disability and Relapse Rate in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Vahid Shaygannejad, Omid Mirmosayyeb, Sara Bagherieh, Parisa Shaygan, Mahsa Ghajarzadeh","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_12_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_12_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fingolimod and interferons are used in the relapse form of multiple sclerosis (MS). The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of fingolimod versus interferon in patients with MS. The systematic search was done in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The references of included studies as well as conference abstracts were searched up to July 2021. The literature search revealed 8211 articles, and after deleting duplicates 5594 remained. For the meta-analysis, four studies were included. The standardized mean difference (SMD) of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) after treatment (interferon vs fingolimod) was -0.06 (95% CI: -0.28, 0.17) (I² = 80.2%, <i>P</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SMD of the annual relapse rate (ARR) after treatment (interferon - fingolimod) was -0.08 (95% CI: -0.53, 0.36) (I² = 95.5%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). The SMD of the ARR after treatment and before treatment in the interferon group was - 1.45, (95% CI: -1.55, -1.36) (I² = 0, <i>P</i> = 0.3). The SMD of ARR after treatment and before treatment in the fingolimod group was - 1.3, (95% CI: -1.94, -0.65) (I² = 97.4%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this systematic review show that efficacy of interferon and fingolimod in controlling relapse rate and disability is similar.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term Pulmonary Rehabilitation after Recovering from Severe COVID-19.","authors":"Marzieh Hashemi, Vajihe Atashi, Shila Haghighat, Raheleh Sadegh, Ramin Sami","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_320_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_320_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with severe COVID-19 suffer from various problems such as impaired lung function, decreased exercise capacity, mental disorders, and reduced quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of short-term pulmonary rehabilitation in patients recovering from severe COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was a retrospective cohort study. This study was conducted in 2021 on 92 patients with severe COVID-19 who met the inclusion criteria. Inter-professional pulmonary rehabilitation sessions were performed for 3 weeks, twice a week (six sessions in total), for this group of patients, which included physical exercises, educational activities, and other health-related services (counseling and psychotherapy). Outcomes assessed included a 6-min walk test, the score of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the SF-12 Quality of Life Questionnaire, which were completed before and after pulmonary rehabilitation. Data analysis was performed using analytical and descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The statistical analyses showed that 60.86% of patients participating in the study were male and 39.14% were female, and the mean age of patients was 54.9 ± 12.3 years. The findings also showed that the average distance traveled in the 6-min walk test before pulmonary rehabilitation was 289.2174 ± 130.5 m; however, after the intervention, this rate reached 343.0870 ± 103.5 m, which demonstrated a statistically significant difference (<i>P</i> = 0.00). Also, significant changes were observed in anxiety and depression, the ability to perform daily activities, and the physical health of patients before and after the intervention (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Short-term pulmonary rehabilitation is a safe and useful treatment without side effects that can be effective in reducing anxiety and depression, increasing the ability to perform daily activities and exercise capacity, and consequently, improving the quality of life of patients recovering from severe COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Content Analysis of Entrepreneurship and Employment Development Policies in Iran's Health Sector: Is It a Health Wealth Promoter?","authors":"Nahid Jamali, Soudabeh Vatankhah, Mohammad Reza Maleki, Sayed Mohammad Hassan Emami","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_43_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_43_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Growing needs mandates economic growth. Entrepreneurship policies play a significant role in achieving productive employment and sustainable development for the health and wealth of society.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study is conducted to find the accordance of this document with the basic theory of the global alphabet model of entrepreneurship on the one hand and a comparison to the real entrepreneurial and economic achievements as social determinants of health (SDOH) on the other hand.</p><p><strong>Methods and material: </strong>This research is a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of entrepreneurship documents in the health sector of Iran, using the basic theory of the global alphabet model as our target. We reviewed the Work Bank and Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) reports as world indicators to compare whether our entrepreneurship policies have been successful.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>MAXQDA is a software program designed for computer-assisted qualitative and mixed methods data, text and multimedia analysis in academic, scientific, and business institutions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed that the retelling of the word employment is more dominant than entrepreneurship. Imbalanced attention is paid to the components of the standard global alphabet model, and a downhill regression is seen in almost all aspects of entrepreneurial results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The written health policies have not been effective in promoting the development of health by wealth.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10803673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139542240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of \"Human Factor Analysis and Classification System\" (HFACS) Model to the Prevention of Medical Errors and Adverse Events: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Mahdi Jalali, Habibollah Dehghan, Ehsanollah Habibi, Nima Khakzad","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_123_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_123_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hospitals, as one of most important subsectors in human societies, are responsible for providing safe and effective medical services to clients. But sometimes these hospitals are the source of injury and death in patients by creating medical errors. In this systematic review study, the application of human factor analysis and classification system (HFACS) method in the classification of medical errors was investigated. Major electronic databases including Scopus, Web of Science, and MEDLINE were searched. All studies that investigated the application of HFACS method for coding, causation, and classification of medical errors and adverse events conducted from 2001 until February 2021 were included. A total of 108 articles were found. Due to duplication, 18 studies were removed from the review list. After reading the titles and abstracts, 50 of these publications were excluded because they had objectives different from this review. The remaining 40 publications were retrieved for further assessment. Of these, 28 publications were excluded because it did not meet the inclusion criteria. Finally, 12 articles remained for the final systematic review. We found that in 65% of the selected studies, preconditions for unsafe acts have been the major causal level of medical errors and adverse events. In the majority of the studies, communication and coordination, adverse mental states, physical environment, crew resource management, and technological environment have also been recognized as the most important causal categories in this study. As a result, to prevent medical errors and adverse events, the main focus should be on controlling the preconditions for unsafe acts including personnel factors, operator conditions, and environmental factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10803676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139542233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Brachial Flow-Mediated Dilation and Calcium Score in Patients with Symptomatic CAD.","authors":"Faezeh Tabesh, Mozhgan Amooali, Reihaneh Zavar, Amirreza Sajjadieh Khajouei","doi":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_143_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_143_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endothelial function plays an important role in the protection of vessels from atherosclerosis. Detection of endothelial dysfunction by non-invasive methods (flow-mediated dilation) and its association with other imaging modalities (calcium score in coronary computed tomography [CT] angiography) is still controversial. In this study, we aim to investigate the association between endothelial function evaluated by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and calcium score evaluated by coronary CT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 124 patients with known coronary artery disease (CAD, positive calcium score) were enrolled. FMD as an indicator of endothelial function was evaluated in these participants. FMD less than 7.1%was considered abnormal. Correlation between calcium score and severity of calcification(calcium score above 100 considered as the cutoff point of the high score) and glow-mediated dilation was obtained using the linear regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The association between calcium score and FMD was strongly significant (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Among individuals with low calcium scores, only 15 (18.1%) had abnormal FMD findings, but the majority of individuals with high calcium scores (95.1%) had abnormal FMD findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings provide strong evidence of association between FMD, a marker of vascular endothelial dysfunction, and intensity of coronary atherosclerosis, as assessed by the calcium score on the CCTA.</p>","PeriodicalId":14342,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":"14 ","pages":"128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10803685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139542235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}