International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes After SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination in Patients With Pediatric Rheumatic Diseases","authors":"Yuko Hayashi, Maho Hatano, Shuya Kaneko, Asami Shimbo, Hitoshi Irabu, Yuko Akutsu, Masaaki Mori, Masaki Shimizu","doi":"10.1111/1756-185x.70394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185x.70394","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14330,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bleed and Blister: A Case Report of a 40-Year-Old Woman With Hemorrhagic Bullous Henoch-Schonlein Purpura","authors":"Brylle Domerson Turalba,&nbsp;Hannah Urbanozo-Corpuz,&nbsp;Allan Corpuz","doi":"10.1111/1756-185x.70388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185x.70388","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) is a rare immune vasculitis affecting small blood vessels. Hemorrhagic-bullous conversion of HSP is even rarer, especially in adults, and remains poorly characterized. We present a unique case of a 40-year-old female with hemorrhagic-bullous HSP. The patient presented with maculopapular and vesicular rashes, progressing to bullae predominantly on the bilateral legs. Past history included a similar episode at 17 years old. Laboratory findings showed elevated inflammatory markers, microscopic hematuria, and fecal occult blood. Skin biopsy confirmed leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Immunosuppression with hydrocortisone, colchicine, and azathioprine was initiated. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy was given; transitioning to prednisone. Concurrent urinary tract infection and nephrolithiasis were addressed. Lesions regressed, and the patient was discharged on a tapering prednisone regimen. HSP, particularly the hemorrhagic-bullous variant, is a diagnostic challenge; management remains varied. This case contributes to understanding this rare manifestation and emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for optimal patient outcomes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14330,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Overlapping Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Sclerosis in an Elderly Male With Positive Fibrillarin Antibody","authors":"Lina An,&nbsp;Jian Lu,&nbsp;Chang Liu,&nbsp;Meiling Li,&nbsp;Zhichun Liu","doi":"10.1111/1756-185x.70391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185x.70391","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case report describes a 67-year-old male with confirmed overlap syndrome of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic sclerosis (SSc), exhibiting fibrillarin autoantibody positivity. Therapeutic intervention with methylprednisolone, methotrexate, and adjuvant medications resulted in substantial amelioration of articular symptoms. This case underscores the potential diagnostic and prognostic utility of fibrillarin autoantibodies in SSc, while highlighting the rarity of RA-SSc overlap syndrome with concurrent fibrillarin autoantibody expression.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14330,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary Knowledge Structure and Research Strand in Antiphospholipid Syndrome","authors":"Li Liu,&nbsp;Yang-Xi Liu,&nbsp;Jia Wang,&nbsp;Hou-Wen Lin,&nbsp;Zhi-Chun Gu,&nbsp;Jia Li","doi":"10.1111/1756-185x.70382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185x.70382","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14330,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging Bibliometric Methods to Uncover the Research Landscape Within the Field of Rheumatology","authors":"Jian-Peng Wang,&nbsp;Yi-Pin Yang,&nbsp;Chun-Ya Pan,&nbsp;Yu-Chen Liu,&nbsp;Hai-Feng Pan","doi":"10.1111/1756-185x.70390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185x.70390","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Bibliometrics originated in 1955 with Garfield's “citation analysis” theory [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. As a quantitative tool, bibliometrics reveals research trends and structures through systematic literature analysis. It includes citation analysis, co-occurrence analysis, and collaboration network mapping (Table S1). Bibliometrics has become a powerful tool for mapping research landscapes. Its application in rheumatology has grown notably in recent years. This editorial reviews current applications in rheumatology, evaluates their role in identifying research frontiers, and discusses both methodological strengths and limitations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rheumatic diseases (RD) encompass a broad spectrum of disorders affecting joints, bones, muscles, and soft tissues (e.g., ligaments, synovium). RD are etiologically classified as inflammatory (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), metabolic (e.g., gout), degenerative (e.g., osteoarthritis), soft tissue (e.g., fibromyalgia), or infectious (e.g., purulent arthritis). They cause substantial global health and economic burdens, often leading to chronic pain, disability, and reduced quality of life. RD research spans immunology, genetics, and clinical medicine, while facing persistent challenges such as early diagnosis and personalized treatment. Bibliometric analysis can help track academic trends, foster interdisciplinary collaboration, and drive innovation in RD research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Based on a summary of bibliometric studies from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus (Figure 1 and Table S2), most publications appeared between 2021 and 2024, with China contributing the largest share. Among 87 studies, 10 analyzed the entire field of RD, while 77 focused on specific subtypes (Table S3). Of these, 37 addressed broad RD topics, and others explored molecular mechanisms, therapies, comorbidities, symptoms, and technical aspects (Figure S1). Details of literature screening and analysis methods are provided in Supporting Information 1 and Table S4.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;These 37 studies highlight key research areas in diagnosis (e.g., artificial intelligence), pathogenesis (e.g., gut microbiota, NETs, microRNAs), and treatment (e.g., infliximab, acupuncture, tocilizumab) (Table S5). These trends reflect urgent needs and rapid progress in RD diagnosis, mechanisms, and therapies. The reviewed literature demonstrates the broad and mature application of bibliometrics across disciplines in RD research. In diagnosis, AI and big data have enhanced imaging interpretation and improved diagnostic accuracy. For instance, AI models now detect early features of rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, increasing diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. AI is also expected to help uncover disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Gut microbiota imbalance has emerged as a key factor in RD pathogenesis [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. Regulating microbiota composition has shown therapeutic effects, offering insights into disease mechanisms. Huang et","PeriodicalId":14330,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1756-185x.70390","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-GP210 Antibodies as a Primary Driver of Pruritus: A Hypothetical Two-Hit Model Beyond PBC","authors":"Claudio Karsulovic,&nbsp;Ka Joo,&nbsp;Lía Hojman","doi":"10.1111/1756-185x.70380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185x.70380","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14330,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144767884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Causal Effects of Mitochondrial Dysfunction on the Risk of Multiple Autoimmune Disorders: Multi-Omics Mendelian Randomization and Colocalization Analyses.","authors":"Jing Luo, Jingjing Pan, Guanqun Yao, Zenghao Xu, Shan Jiang, Jian Peng, Xiaopeng Shang, Huaxiang Wu, Xin Liao","doi":"10.1111/1756-185x.70383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185x.70383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders (AIDs), but its causal role in disease susceptibility and progression remains unclear. This study explores potential causal associations between mitochondrial-related genes and AIDs using integrated multi-omics evidence from Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Summary-level datasets from 10 common AIDs (303 590-456 348 participants) and quantitative trait loci (QTL) at the DNA methylation, gene expression, and protein abundance levels (mQTL, eQTL, and pQTL, respectively; 1 980-35 559 participants), as well as mitochondrial DNA copy number (465 809 participants), were analyzed. Instrumental variables were selected from cis-acting variants near 1136 mitochondrial-related genes with strong associations (p_QTL < 5e-08). Summary-data-based MR (SMR) and Bayesian colocalization analyses were applied to identify causal effects, followed by validation assessments integrating multi-omics SMR results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four Grade-II mitochondrial genes were causally linked to multiple AIDs. ATAD3A (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.13-1.76, p_SMR = 1.64e-03) and TOP1MT (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.10-1.84, p_SMR = 4.60e-03) were strongly associated with multiple myositis, while SND1 (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.04-1.12, p_SMR = 4.05e-03) was linked to osteoarthritis. Notably, TOP1MT expression conferred protective effects against primary Sjögren's syndrome (OR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.35-0.95, p_SMR = 8.21e-03). Crucially, only UQCRH was identified with the same variant (rs41292543) exhibiting inverse effects on multiple myositis, including causal effects through cg11235697 methylation (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.23-1.98, p_SMR = 3.02e-04) and protective effects through gene expression (OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.72-0.95, p_SMR = 2.78e-04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide robust evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction's causal role in AIDs and identify potential pharmacological targets for treatment, offering new insights into precision medicine for AIDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14330,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"28 8","pages":"e70383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D Is Associated With Susceptibility and Disease Severity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Shovit Ranjan,&nbsp;Bidyut K. Das,&nbsp;Rina Tripathy,&nbsp;Sarit S. Pattanaik,&nbsp;Manoj Parida,&nbsp;Saumya Ranjan Tripathy,&nbsp;Aditya K. Panda","doi":"10.1111/1756-185x.70379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185x.70379","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vitamin D, recognized for its immunomodulatory properties, is potentially associated with autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the relationship between Vitamin D levels and SLE, highlighting its role in modulating disease activity and immunological markers like anti-dsDNA, C3, and C4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Case–control studies reporting Vitamin D, disease activity indices, C3, C4, and anti-dsDNA antibody levels in SLE patients and healthy controls were evaluated. Systematic searches in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Embase were last updated on April 6, 2024. Inclusion criteria targeted studies on SLE patients and healthy controls reporting these specific markers. Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and publication bias was checked using Egger's test and Begg's funnel plot. The meta-analyses were conducted with CMAv4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analysis of 43 studies with 2940 SLE patients and 2458 healthy controls showed significantly lower Vitamin D levels in SLE patients (mean difference: −10.070 ng/mL; 95% CI: −12.85 to −7.28; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Vitamin D levels negatively correlated with SLEDAI scores (correlation: −0.427; 95% CI: −0.541 to −0.298; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and anti-dsDNA antibodies (correlation: −0.397; 95% CI: −0.611 to −0.130; <i>p</i> = 0.004), and positively correlated with complement components C3 (correlation: 0.268; 95% CI: 0.077–0.440; <i>p</i> = 0.006) and C4 (correlation: 0.299; 95% CI: 0.192–0.400; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings revealed a strong association between low Vitamin D levels and increased SLE severity. However, limitations like some inconsistency, small-study biases, and possible language restrictions in study inclusion necessitate cautious interpretation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14330,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The APLAR Recommendations for the Management of Psoriatic Arthritis","authors":"Ying-Ying Leung,&nbsp;Paul Bird,&nbsp;Muhammad Haroon,&nbsp;Mitsumasa Kishimoto,&nbsp;Kichul Shin,&nbsp;Ashish Jacob Mathew,&nbsp;Heizel Reyes,&nbsp;Jeffrey Chau,&nbsp;Dennis Neuen,&nbsp;Praveena Chiowchanwisawakit,&nbsp;Asal Adnan Ridha,&nbsp;Chuanhui Xu,&nbsp;William Taylor,&nbsp;Fariz Yahya,&nbsp;Ho So,&nbsp;Sho Fukui,&nbsp;Nguyen Van Hung,&nbsp;Soosan G. Soroosh,&nbsp;Cesarius Singgih Wahono,&nbsp;Lydia Say Lee Pok,&nbsp;Juan Raphael Gonzales,&nbsp;Yi Wei Yeo,&nbsp;Chathurika Dandeniya,&nbsp;Akimichi Morita,&nbsp;Perdana Aditya Rahman,&nbsp;Shahlaa Basim,&nbsp;Kalum Deshapriya,&nbsp;Eman Satti,&nbsp;Nguyen Duc Phong,&nbsp;Min Jung Kim,&nbsp;Avanish Jha,&nbsp;Priyanka Moovara Cackamvalli,&nbsp;Ahmed Rafique,&nbsp;Md. Nazrul Islam,&nbsp;Lai-Shan Tam","doi":"10.1111/1756-185x.70372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185x.70372","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Under the auspices of the Asia-Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR), we aimed to develop broad, evidence- and consensus-based guidelines to aid health professionals managing patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in the region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A working group of 35 members comprising rheumatologists, dermatologists, and patient research partners from 18 APLAR countries was convened. The working group conducted systematic literature reviews to derive the quality of evidence via GRADE methods in supporting the efficacy and safety of classes of therapeutic agents for the management of active PsA, its comorbidities, and screening for specific infection concerns in the region. Recommendation statements on the principles of management and the best use of therapeutic drugs were developed. Consensus within the working group was achieved. An external voting panel, five from each of the 18 APLAR countries, was convened to confirm further agreement on the recommendation statements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The main literature review included 178 articles from clinical trials for PsA. Additional articles on the evidence for managing comorbidities, uveitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and screening for chronic hepatitis B and latent tuberculosis were reviewed. The working group discussed and reached consensus on eight management principles and 16 recommendation statements for managing PsA. Endorsement from an external voting panel (<i>n</i> = 90, response rate 80%) was achieved.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These first recommendations for the management of PsA patients in the APLAR regions were developed based on the best available evidence and region-specific considerations through discussion among rheumatologists, dermatologists, and patients, with strong agreement from an external expert panel.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14330,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144716549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Targets of Gulao Yukang Pill in Rheumatoid Arthritis via the Hippo Signaling Pathway: An Integrated Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation Study","authors":"Tao Wang,&nbsp;Gang Wang,&nbsp;Jia Wang,&nbsp;Ganggang Jiang,&nbsp;Hailong Liu,&nbsp;Ganggang Jiang","doi":"10.1111/1756-185x.70367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185x.70367","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Investigating the Mechanism of Gulao Yukang Pill (GLYK) in Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) via the Hippo signaling pathway and Its Regulatory Effects on <i>Th17</i>/<i>Treg</i> Cell Balance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Network pharmacology was applied to construct a network mapping the interactions between drug active ingredients and target genes, pinpointing the crucial active components and genetic targets through which GLYK exerts its effects on RA. Using Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) in R4.2.2, we predicted the pathway activity scores of 7 Hippo pathways between the disease and control groups and selected those with significant differences. Key genes were correlated with the selected pathways, and target genes related to the Hippo pathway were screened. The binding capacity of crucial active components and their corresponding target genes was predicted using the Deep Purpose algorithm framework. Targets acting on RA were screened, and a CIA (Collagen-Induced Arthritis) animal model was developed for the purpose of further demonstrating the therapeutic impact of GLYK on RA and to verify the results of network pharmacology through histopathological observation, ELISA method detection, flow cytometry detection, Western blot detection, and qRT-PCR detection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Network pharmacology has identified nine key targets in the Hippo pathway associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment, including Mst1 and TAZ, which are critical for GLYK's therapeutic effects as they are linked to its core effective ingredients that mediate the treatment of RA. Animal experiments validated the network pharmacology predictions, confirming that Mst1 and TAZ in the Hippo pathway are pivotal therapeutic targets for RA. GLYK suppresses inflammation and bone destruction by inhibiting the Hippo pathway components Mst1/TAZ, thereby reducing the <i>Th17</i>/<i>Treg</i> ratio.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GLYK can influence the expression of upstream core molecules Mst1 and downstream effector molecules TAZ in the Hippo pathway, which can reduce the swelling and arthritis index of CIA rats, lower the proportion of <i>Th17</i>/<i>Treg</i> cells, inhibit inflammation, and bone destruction. The Hippo pathway is a goal of GLYK in the intervention of RA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14330,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144716819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}