Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad最新文献

{"title":"Programa de Desarrollo de Conciencia Fonológica basada en el uso de una aplicación informática fonológica con realidad aumentada en niños de 5 años","authors":"Milagros Rosario Soto Beltrán, Milagros Rosario Soto Beltrán","doi":"10.18259/acs.2017021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18259/acs.2017021","url":null,"abstract":"Numerosos estudios sugieren que la ausencia de conciencia fonologica es un factor explicativo de las dificultades de aprendizaje en el proceso de adquisicion de la lectoescritura, asi mismo la conciencia fonologica al no ser una habilidad adquirida debe ser entrenada y estimulada a traves de programas sistematicos, secuenciales y funcionales. Por otro lado, en otros paises, para promover aun mas el desarrollo de la conciencia fonologica utilizan modernas herramientas tecnologicas como las Aplicaciones Informaticas (Apps), las cuales son validas; las mejores Apps son para el idioma ingles (EEUU). El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo demostrar que la aplicacion del Programa de Desarrollo de Conciencia Fonologica (PDCF) basada en el uso de una aplicacion informatica fonologica con realidad aumentada mejora el nivel de conciencia fonologica en ninos de 5 anos. El estudio fue de tipo cuasi experimental, con diseno pre test – post test con grupo control, con una muestra no probabilistica de 64 estudiantes, cada grupo con 32 estudiantes del nivel inicial de 5 anos. Para la medicion de la Conciencia Fonologica se utilizo como instrumento el Test de Habilidades Metalinguisticas; el programa tuvo una duracion de tres meses. A la contrastacion de hipotesis se evidencia que la aplicacion del PDCF basada en el uso de una aplicacion informatica fonologica con realidad aumentada incrementa significativamente el nivel de conciencia fonologica en ninos de 5 anos.","PeriodicalId":142979,"journal":{"name":"Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128955780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultura investigativa científica: una propuesta para el desarrollo del estado del arte en estudiantes de educación media general","authors":"Lipselotte Infante Rivera","doi":"10.18259/ACS.2017022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18259/ACS.2017022","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to propose actions for the development of the state of the art in students of General Media Education. A descriptive research was used, under the feasible project modality. The sample of the study was probabilistic that included 84 students of 5th year of baccalaureate, to which a 25-item instrument was applied, designed through the variables under study, which had a consistency of 0.93% in the correlation of the items, which was done by the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. The discussion of the results helped to determine that the high school students, still do not have the notion of how and where to investigate, which indicates lack of guidance on the part of the teachers who teach the subjects related to methodology. Among the most important conclusions was that the vast majority of students do not know the scientific method, nor the proper way to write reports or simple works of their subjects, and teachers are not prepared to contribute to the development of a research culture. Therefore, the proposal to carry out teacher refresher activities can contribute in order to obtain knowledge and skills necessary to impart the learning expected in terms of conducting projects and training in research culture in students.","PeriodicalId":142979,"journal":{"name":"Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115293799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevención de riesgos laborales y desempeño de trabajadores del Instituto Continental, Huancayo","authors":"Fabiola Berrios Gamarra","doi":"10.18259/ACS.2017024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18259/ACS.2017024","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to determine the effectiveness of a program of prevention of occupational risks on the job performance of the cleaning workers of the Instituto Continental in 2016. The study was descriptive transectional with pre and post. The population was 35 workers; the observation technique was used for the collection of data and the instrument was the performance evaluation form, the hypothesis by comparing averages is contrast using the parametic test of two difference for related samples. It is results which, in terms of the performance evaluation before the implementation of the program of occupational risks, 74,3 % have a good performance; there is no evidence of very good performance. After the implementation of the program is observed that 65,7 % of workers have a good performance and 5,7 %, present a very good performance. However, there is no significant relationship (p>0,05) betweeen job performance before and after the application of the program. The theoretical and practical activities of the occupational risk prevention program did not significantly improve the general skills such as: identify, initiative, integrity, as well as specific competences: compliance with objectives, efficiency, customer treatment, communication, adaptability, reliability, teamwork. In conclusion, the application of the occupational risk prevention program was not effective on the work performance of the workers.","PeriodicalId":142979,"journal":{"name":"Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116594696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La ciencia escolar en Perú y Portugal ante los resultados de PISA","authors":"Osbaldo Turpo Gebera","doi":"10.18259/ACS.2017023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18259/ACS.2017023","url":null,"abstract":"El analisis curricular de los contenidos que comprenden la ensenanza de la ciencia escolar en Peru y Portugal, revelan algunas explicaciones sobre los contrastes de resultados de la evaluacion PISA 2012. Unas secuelas vigentes en las pruebas sucesivas, dada la persistencia de las diferencias, y el escaso interes por revertir la situacion en Peru, mientras que Portugal experimenta un mayor avance. En esa intencion, el analisis curricular, a traves de la revision comparada de sus componentes, muestra la diferencia de concepciones sobre la competencia cientifica, mientras que Peru enfatiza en la integracion de contenidos, a partir de una unica docencia; Portugal prioriza la interdisciplinariedad y la co-docencia. Tambien son apreciables las diferencias en la disposicion de los conocimientos desarrollados en la educacion basica. En torno a los elementos curriculares previstos por PISA, en Portugal predomina la explicacion cientifica y, en Peru, la identificacion de las cuestiones cientificas, dicha capacidad resulta ser la mas relevante, y escasamente considerada en Peru. En relacion con el conocimiento, en Portugal prevalecen los sistemas fisicos y de la tierra y del espacio, por sobre la tecnologia en Peru. Sobre las actitudes, estas, difieren tenuemente. La organizacion curricular hace apreciables las diferencias en los tiempos curriculares, en Portugal, destinan mas periodos que Peru, lo que revelaria un mayor interes por las ciencias. Los factores diferenciales parecen establecer mejores resultados en Portugal que en Peru.","PeriodicalId":142979,"journal":{"name":"Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133627969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trabajo infantil y deserción escolar en el Perú al 2015","authors":"Michael Tovar Obregón, C. Cataño","doi":"10.18259/ACS.2017008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18259/ACS.2017008","url":null,"abstract":"The research has the objective to analyze child labor and school dropout base don information from the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics Peru 2015. It was a retrospective descriptive correlational study, wth data obtained from the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI), the sample consisted of children between 5 to 9 years of age, making a total of 717 surveyeds , the descriptive data were analyzed in the statistical program SPSS version 24, and for associations the EViews program was used and the Maxium Likelihood test of the Maxium Likelihood test of the Bivariate Probit model with a p ≤ 0,05 was used. The results showed that the children who carried out work activities were 54,4 % (257) of male sex and 47,6 % (233) of female sex, the majority 84.5% (414) belonged to the rural area and 15,5 % (76) urban area, most reside 58,2% (285) resided in the Sierra region, in items of school dropout of the total number of children 95 % (681) reported that they regularly study the school, while 5% (36) stopped attending, a direct relationship was found between child labor and school dropout, with a correlation coefficient (0,2315), between attending school and working with a probability of ocurrence of 20,42 %. It is concluded that child labor is predominant in rural areas and residents of the mountain region, so there is also a statistical association between child labor and school dropout.","PeriodicalId":142979,"journal":{"name":"Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116138098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La neurociencia en la primera infancia","authors":"C. Cáceres","doi":"10.18259/acs.2017002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18259/acs.2017002","url":null,"abstract":"La educacion en el Peru y la formacion de los ninos, en especial en la primera infancia, viene siendo actualmente criticada tanto por la formacion familiar, la preparacion de maestros como por la calidad de la ensenanza. El 2013 trajo para nuestro sistema educativo un resultado desalentador como el de la prueba PISA (Programa Internacional para la Evaluacion de Estudiantes), que analizo el rendimiento de los alumnos de 15 anos de edad en matematicas, lenguaje y ciencias, y ubico al Peru en uno de los ultimos puestos entre 65 paises. Este articulo analiza la importancia de la formacion del nino desde que la madre se encuentra en gestacion hasta cuando el menor acude a formar parte del sistema educativo. Pone enfasis en la formacion de valores, emocionales, sociales, etc., de manera que el nino potencie su capacidad de ser feliz y sea buen ciudadano. Es importante que un educador entienda a las neurociencias como una forma amplia de conocer al cerebro -como es, como aprende, como procesa, registra, conserva y evoca una informacion, entre otros aspectos- para mejorar las propuestas y experiencias de aprendizaje que se dan en el aula. Los docentes tienen la posibilidad de ayudar a desarrollar el potencial de todos y cada uno de nuestros alumnos dado que es, en la etapa escolar, cuando mas moldeable y plastico se encuentra el cerebro. Es vital aprovechar ese momento y la oportunidad que se nos ofrece. Podemos hacer mucho desde la escuela. El futuro de la sociedad reside en la mente humana y el tipo de conexiones que establecemos interna y externamente.","PeriodicalId":142979,"journal":{"name":"Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122148678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expectativas y valoración del pensamiento crítico de estudiantes de ingeniería de la Universidad Continental, Huancayo","authors":"Pepe Raú De la Cruz Sullca","doi":"10.18259/ACS.2017006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18259/ACS.2017006","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to determine the level of relationship between the expectations and the assessment of critical thinking of engineering students of the Universidad Continental. To fulfill this purpose a simple of 168 engineering students of Universidad Continental has been selected; who participated in a survey, making use of the Motivational Critical Thinking Scale. Some important results show that, for example, regarding the expectations of critical thinking according to age, those belonging to the age, those belonging to the age group of 18 to 23 years have a high expectation about the development of their critical thinking; and only 7 of the respondents said they had a low expectation. Therefore, regarding the assessment of critical thinking according to age, a total of 165 students have a high rating on the development of their critical thinking; and a low rating only 3 of the students; the students who have a low rating are 18, 20 and 28 years old respectively. In conclusion, the level of relationship between expectations and the assessment of critical thinking is high, positive and significant because the calculated chi-square is 70, this value is high and positive correlation and the p-value is 0 therefore it is significant. Reflecting and improving critical thinking skills involves judging when one is or is not working well, or how well or as well as posible, and also involves considering ways to improve the performance in critical thinking.","PeriodicalId":142979,"journal":{"name":"Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114613496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COP22: Inicio de la puesta en marcha del Acuerdo de París","authors":"W. Gutiérrez","doi":"10.18259/acs.2017001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18259/acs.2017001","url":null,"abstract":"La 22a Conferencia de las Partes de la Convencion Marco de la ONU sobre Cambio Climatico (COP22) concluyo en Marruecos el 18 de noviembre de 2016 con la firma de la “Proclamacion de Marrakech”, declaracion de intenciones que refleja el compromiso mundial para frenar el calentamiento global llegando a constituir el primer paso para de la implementacion de mecanismos concretos en el 2018 del Acuerdo de Paris. Los lideres mundiales han celebrado la unidad global en torno al medio ambiente y respaldado de manera firme los resultados de la reunion. Todo este consenso que promueve el Acuerdo de Paris es “imparable” ha dicho el secretario general de la ONU, Ban Ki-moon, a cuyo entusiasmo se han sumado los demas lideres asistentes, hasta Tatiana Nuno, responsable de la campana de cambio climatico de Greenpeace. La declaracion recoge la voluntad de todos los asistentes en torno a las acciones que implementaran antes de 2020 y como se responderan las necesidades de los paises mas vulnerables; llama a “facilitar el acceso a la financiacion para los proyectos climaticos y reforzar las capacidades y esfuerzos de paises desarrollados hacia los mas pobres para adaptarse a los impactos del calentamiento global”. Las mas de 45 naciones que conforman el Foro de Paises Vulnerables al Clima (CVF) emitieron una declaracion conjunta en la que subrayaron que van a “sobrevivir y a prosperar”. El foro agrupa a los Estados que se ven afectados de manera desproporcionada por los impactos del cambio climatico y su mision es ejercer presion adicional para afrontar ese desafio. Sus miembros provienen de todas las regiones del planeta e incluyen a las Islas Maldivas, Costa Rica, Afganistan, Bangladesh, Etiopia, Tuvalu, Madagascar y Nepal. La declaracion, dada a conocer como la “Comunicacion de Marrakech”, propone que los paises cuya contribucion determinada a nivel nacional no corresponda de manera equitativa a su respectivonivel de emisiones, segun lo establece el Acuerdo de Paris, actualicen esas contribuciones a mas tardar en 2020 (ONU Centro de Noticias, 2016). Los paises participantes han acelerado la accion por el clima en todo el mundo a traves de una amplia gama de areas en la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climatico dando prioridad a los objetivos politicos y practicos del historico Acuerdo de Paris sobre el cambio climatico. Paquetes de miles de millones y billones de dolares de apoyo para tecnologias limpias, la creacion de capacidad para informar de planes de accion por el clima e iniciativas para impulsar la seguridad alimentaria y la seguridad de los recursos hidricos en paises en desarrollo son algunos de los muchos anuncios y numerosas iniciativas lanzadas. Mientras tanto los Gobiernos han fijado un corto plazo, hasta 2018, para completar las normas de aplicacion del Acuerdo de Paris con el fin de asegurar la confianza, la cooperacion y su exito en anos y decadas venideros (ONU Cambio climatico, 2016). Por ejemplo, un club de Gobiernos subna","PeriodicalId":142979,"journal":{"name":"Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131183247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demanda de contenidos mediáticos entre adultos jóvenes de Huancayo","authors":"Ivo Eduardo Yance Carlos, José Matas Castañeda","doi":"10.18259/ACS.2017010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18259/ACS.2017010","url":null,"abstract":"The panorama mediatic is challenging, confusing and uncertain. Media consumption has changed dramatically in recent decades and has as main transformation factors: digital distribution, increasingly atomized audiences, consumption on demand, greater access to content generation platfforms and Wireless technology (Wireless Fidelity). In the effort to understand this context, the present research addresses the demand for content of adults from 25 to 35 years of age in Huancayo, for which two focus groups were made, one for men and one for women with eight members each, and a survey (directed to 390 people) to explore the needs of this target group, information that was constrasted with the offer presented by the man print media ( Correo y Primicia), radio (Radio Huancayo and 15:50 ) and television (Kdena 15 and Unitel). The results show that the media partially satisfy the demands of the analyzed public that requires new topics such as: environment, education and family among others. But, above all, the research reveals new consumption habits and presences of offers such as Netflix, high penetration of TV cable (more than 50 %) and others that warn a new scenario for the development of media and content proposals for the Huancaina population.","PeriodicalId":142979,"journal":{"name":"Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131557147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construcción de la escala de motivación de logro para el estudio","authors":"Giannina Sovero Lazo, Gaspar Orellana Méndez","doi":"10.18259/acs.2017009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18259/acs.2017009","url":null,"abstract":"Se realizo la construccion y el analisis psicometrico de una Escala de Motivacion de Logro para el Estudio (EMLPE), en base a los constructos teoricos de Weiner (1989) sobre las motivaciones y atribuciones que realizan las personas para explicar las causas de las conductas y acontecimientos de la realidad. La muestra fue de 517 postulantes a la Universidad Continental, varones y mujeres de 18 a 49 anos de edad, residentes en los departamentos de Junin, Lima, Arequipa y la provincia constitucional del Callao, entre otros; para ello se aplico la escala inicial de 20 items via internet y luego del analisis de confiabilidad con el alfa de Crombach (0,73) y la validez empirica item total a traves de la r de Pearson corregida con valores mayores a 0,20, quedaron 14 items que fueron agrupadas en 3 factores mediante del analisis factorial de rotacion varimax. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que pese a que la escala MLPE no paso por el juicio de expertos, cuenta con adecuadas propiedades psicometricas de confiabilidad y validez. La escala presenta una buena consistencia interna, ya que el alfa de Crombach excede del criterio minimo recomendado de 0,70. Los 14 items definitivos presentan una r de Pearson Corregida con valores iguales o mayores a 0,20, lo cual confirma la validez empirica item test de la escala. El analisis factorial con rotacion Varimax de la escala y la consistencia interna de la misma reflejan que los 14 items son adecuados indicadores del constructo con cargas factoriales mayores a 0,40.","PeriodicalId":142979,"journal":{"name":"Apuntes de Ciencia & Sociedad","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131904373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}