{"title":"A metric for the asymmetry in matched-pair data for buyer–supplier dyads","authors":"ManMohan S. Sodhi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although various difference-based methods are utilized to analyze asymmetry in buyer–supplier matched-pair data within the literature, these approaches are ad hoc and do not always address differences across multiple dimensions. Furthermore, they do not provide a significance test. This paper extends the concept of the paired t-test for dyad-level differences by developing a Mahalanobis distance-based metric in multiple dimensions, along with a significance test. The metric and the significance test can be used in empirical research to identify dyads in a dataset that are significantly asymmetric at any selected confidence level. In practice, the method can identify those suppliers for a buyer that have significantly mismatched expectations relative to other suppliers. The paper utilizes simulated datasets to compare the proposed metric with other distance-based metrics that lack a significance test. Finally, the paper applies a retail dataset to demonstrate (1) the utility of the metric in identifying significantly asymmetric dyads and (2) the use of the same distance concept to consolidate multiple items in any buyer or supplier construct into a single score for the construct, rather than using factor scores. The latter approach is lossless, in contrast to factor analysis. Using distance-based metrics with this retail dataset in a structural equation model suggests that asymmetry can negatively affect relationship-specific operational performance for buyers and suppliers. This study contributes a robust methodological framework, offering a structured basis for future research in the measurement of dyadic asymmetry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Production Economics","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109653"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Skill-and-Knowledge Sharing HUB-CI model for resilient production systems","authors":"Praditya Ajidarma , Shimon Y. Nof","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of innovative technologies and the integration of efficient human-robot interaction have had a significant influence on all facets of modern manufacturing. While automation has advanced, numerous tasks still depend on human operators due to their superior dexterity and reasoning abilities. Augmented reality (AR) has emerged as a critical enabler, enhancing the skills of less-experienced workers, improving operational resilience, and enabling rapid adaptation to disruptions. This study presents a novel skill-and-knowledge-sharing paradigm for manufacturing systems. The architecture, called HUB-CI (a hub for collaborative intelligence), facilitates an efficient learning protocol. The model uses quantified learning curves to evaluate operator performance over time and incorporates AR-driven skill and knowledge sharing to reduce response times, optimize scheduling makespan, and improve resilience metrics such as system stability, adaptability, and recovery speed under disruptive conditions. Numerical experiments reveal that HUB-CI significantly decreases response times and improves scheduling makespan by up to 20.52 % after 500 iterations, (p-value <0.01) and achieves consistent performance gains under disruptive conditions, due to its ability to maintain makespan robustness within 5 % of the non-disrupted baseline. In more stable environments with converging agent skill levels, the model sustains strong performance, demonstrating its versatility. By integrating quantified learning curves with four core resilience metrics—adaptability, collaboration and visibility, robustness, and sustainability—HUB-CI enables adaptive task allocation and real-time collaboration, offering a substantial advancement in cyber-collaborative production systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Production Economics","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109681"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144194852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Greenwashing in ESG information disclosure: An intertemporal signaling game approach","authors":"Xiaoyuan Xu , Zhiguo Li , Fengling Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strategic consumers are increasingly willing to pay a premium for durable products with ESG attributes, leading firms to potentially engage in greenwashing by exaggerating or embellishing their actual ESG investments to capture this premium. This paper develops an intertemporal signaling game model where a firm privately knows his level of ESG investment cost and can choose between two disclosure strategies: the active disclosure strategy (AS) and the reluctant disclosure strategy (RS). Our analysis explores the impact of greenwashing on dynamic pricing, sales volume, consumer surplus and social welfare. We show that, the firm with low level of ESG investment (low-type) cannot greenwash effectively when the cost difference between low and high ESG investment levels is large, since the firm with high level of ESG investment (high-type) is more willing to reveal his type; otherwise, the low-type firm has the opportunity to greenwash because the high-type firm prefers to hide his type. Moreover, choosing AS over RS increases the firm’s first-period sales but reduces his second-period sales due to the “information-inference” effect and the “price-shifting” effect. Interestingly, under certain conditions, greenwashing can actually increase consumer surplus, driven by consumers’ strategic behavior. Remarkably, the government’s “anti-greenwashing” requirements do not incentivize the firm to increase his ESG investment if the valuation discounts in the second-period is significant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Production Economics","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109674"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyyed-Mahdi Hosseini-Motlagh , Mohammad Reza Ghatreh Samani , Milad Rahmani
{"title":"A digital twin framework integrated with a mixed proactive-reactive model for human milk supply chain planning","authors":"Seyyed-Mahdi Hosseini-Motlagh , Mohammad Reza Ghatreh Samani , Milad Rahmani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human milk is critical for infant development, particularly for premature infants or those whose mothers face supply challenges. Existing literature on the human milk supply chain (HMSC) typically relies on static approaches that overlook the inherent uncertainties and dynamic nature of the network. Consequently, this paper proposes a novel framework that integrates simulation and optimization techniques within a digital HMSC layer to dynamically compute optimal recipe levels required to maintain high service standards in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The simulation models the process of milk deposit collection at human milk banks (HMBs) by incorporating various stochastic factors to reflect real-world complexities. Subsequently, the mathematical model is implemented in two phases within the physical HMSC. In the proactive phase, production recipes are generated based on the capacities and requirements of HMBs, and delivered to NICUs. In the reactive phase, a clustering approach among NICUs is developed, coupled with lateral transshipments, to prevent shortages and reduce wastage. By applying a rolling horizon approach, analysis based on data from Tehran province demonstrates that the proposed framework outperforms alternative methods. Compared to a digital twin that excludes the reactive phase, our framework achieves superior performance by integrating lateral transshipments. In conclusion, our proposed framework has the potential to mitigate supply disruptions, reduce unmet demand, and maintain high service levels within the network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Production Economics","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109683"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How customer digital orientation drives supplier green and low-carbon efforts: The roles of supplier dependence and common ownership","authors":"Yiran Chen , Shaopeng Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid escalating climate change threats and the global imperative to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, supply chain decarbonization has emerged as a pivotal mitigation strategy. This study examines how customer digital orientation drives supplier green and low-carbon efforts, leveraging spillover effects within buyer-supplier relationships. Using a 2010-2022 panel dataset from multiple sources, we find that customer digital orientation significantly enhances supplier green and low-carbon efforts through normative pressures and empowerment effects. From a supplier-customer relationship view, we further identify that this effect is amplified when suppliers are highly dependent on their customers, as dependence strengthens compliance pressures and enhances technology and resource empowerment. Furthermore, vertical common ownership between suppliers and customers acts as a relational governance mechanism, aligning interests and enhancing collaboration, thereby intensifying the positive spillover effects of customer digital orientation. Finally, heterogeneity tests reveal that the positive spillover effects is more pronounced when suppliers operate in highly competitive industries or face a narrower digital divide with their customers. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of digital-enabled decarbonization across supply chains, offering actionable pathways for policymakers and firms to accelerate the transition toward net-zero emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Production Economics","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109680"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agency selling or reselling? Differentiated medication pricing in a healthcare platform with consultation","authors":"Shaofu Du , Hengjia Bao , Tengfei Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid evolution of Internet healthcare has enabled online healthcare platforms to enter the healthcare market, where they typically operate under two predominant agreements: agency selling agreements and reselling agreements. Considering the diverse patient demands for medications of varying quality, these platforms strategically introduce medication suppliers with differentiated quality levels to enhance market coverage. This study examines how an online healthcare platform influences patients’ medication choices through a consultation fee and differentiated medication prices under two agreements within a game-theoretic model. Our findings indicate that when the quality differentiation between medications is small, the strategy for introducing medication suppliers varies significantly across different agreements. Moreover, the healthcare platform is more likely to adopt an agency selling agreement and introduce a high-quality supplier when the commission rate and cost of medications are both relatively high, which can result in an increased patient surplus. Surprisingly, we demonstrate that a greater differentiation in medication quality does not always benefit the platform when introducing a high-quality supplier. The study provides strategic insights into how a healthcare platform can effectively balance and enhance both its profitability and patient surplus through careful management of medication quality differentiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Production Economics","volume":"286 ","pages":"Article 109639"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The dynamics of specialised housing construction in a time of human resource shortages in long-term care services","authors":"Marija Bogataj , David Bogataj , Samo Drobne","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human resources for long-term care (LTC) systems and funding to produce appropriate facilities for long-term care requirements are in limited supply all over Europe. These two shortages are especially noticeable in rural locations, where the human resources required for the care of senior citizens are not as readily available, and demand is increasing rapidly. According to Feng's paper on the fuzziness of travel-to-work areas (TTWAs), the fuzzy set method and the CURDS approach (fuzzy evaluation of travel-to/work areas), enriched with the results of the gravity model, can be used to evaluate labour shortages and suggest the action to attract new caregivers. Governmental organisations and educational research institutions have extensively used TTWAs but have never combined them with a GM to attract new workers. This research aims to examine the fuzziness of commute-to-work zones and improve this feature by adding housing and salary elements to the gravity model as attractors for optimal dynamics. In the article, we demonstrate how, given limited funding and shortage of public building space, we can choose between investing in new LTC facilities and providing human resources for care. By investing in long-term care community houses and providing sufficient human resources, we show how to meet the demands of the LTC while adhering to demographic projections through goal programming. To schedule the necessary dynamics of the construction of the specialised housing units for older residents spread out across municipalities in a functional region, the fuzzy assessment of human resource availability in the Local Action Group (LAG) Haloze in Slovenia is presented. From this, the necessary dynamics of production of housing units for LTC residents and recruiting new staff are estimated, with a minimal inventory of unused units.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Production Economics","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109670"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hai Li , Jing Shao , Stuart X. Zhu , Xiaoliu Xiang
{"title":"Retailers’ parallel importation and service provision in a supply chain: Incentives and impacts","authors":"Hai Li , Jing Shao , Stuart X. Zhu , Xiaoliu Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We adopt a game-theoretic approach to explore the dynamics between retailers' strategic decisions regarding parallel importation and service provision. In a setting where a manufacturer distributes products through a retailer in a low willingness-to-pay market (L) and directly in a high willingness-to-pay market (H), we analyze the impact of the retailer's choice to provide services in market L while the retailer engages in parallel importation from market L to H. Our results show that parallel importation leads to a reduction in the retailer's service level; an increase in consumers' willingness-to-pay in market H further decreases the service level in market L. Moreover, when the retailer conducts parallel importation, the manufacturer reacts by raising the wholesale price in market L while lowering the retail price in market H. When the retailer provides service while conducting parallel importation, the manufacturer lowers the wholesale price in market L and the retail price in market H. In addition, while the retailer's service provision weakens its incentive for parallel importation, it also exacerbates conflicts with the manufacturer regarding parallel importation. Although the combined strategy with both parallel importation and service provision increases overall consumer surplus, consumers in market L consistently experience negative effects due to parallel importation. Interestingly, despite the markets being interconnected through parallel importation, the retailer's service provision has no significant impact on the manufacturer's potential service level in market H.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Production Economics","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109678"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can FICO scores be used to explain managerial decision making?: Evidence from a supply-chain resilience experiment","authors":"Yiseon Choi , Noah Dormady","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present the results of a controlled experiment using a national sample of C-suite executives from mid-cap businesses in the United States. The experiment evaluates key production decisions in the context of repeated catastrophic events to mimic a naturalistic risk environment (e.g., natural disasters) impacting business supply-chains. When faced with a catastrophe, a firm's ability to acquire needed production inputs can be substantially limited, and the experiment evaluates the effect of advisory information and disaster exposure on resilience investment decisions and business performance over time. Treatments vary resilience advisory information presented to executives to inform their resilience investment decisions. We evaluate the role of individual credit (FICO scores of the executive) in explaining how executives respond. Findings indicate that FICO score is highly robust in explaining managerial resilience decisions. Executives with a sub-prime credit score are about twice as responsive to advisory recommendations, even when that advisory information is inaccurate. Contrariwise, executives with a strong FICO score adhere to resilience guidance only conditional on its historical record of accuracy. The results provide an initial indication that FICO scores may be a predictive screening mechanism for staffing key risk- or resilience-related business functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Production Economics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 109675"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Woo-sung Kim , Mihyeong Song , Mincheol Jeong , Seung Hwan Jung
{"title":"A supervised learning-based optimization for container pre-loading problem","authors":"Woo-sung Kim , Mihyeong Song , Mincheol Jeong , Seung Hwan Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel supervised learning-based optimization algorithm to address the container pre-loading problem faced by manufacturing firms using third-party logistics (3PL) providers. The primary challenge of this problem arises from the significant variability in the weight of trucks managed by 3PL providers. To address this issue, our methodology incorporates supervised learning algorithms into the optimization process, leveraging truck weight predictions to efficiently minimize associated costs. Using real-world data from a leading beverage manufacturer, our algorithm demonstrates significant cost reductions and improvements in operational efficiency over other conventional benchmarks. Moreover, our research not only introduces a novel approach to the container pre-loading issue but also expands the potential for applying supervised learning-based optimization methods in diverse areas, offering valuable insights and practical benefits to the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14287,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Production Economics","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 109648"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}