International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X最新文献

{"title":"Stability of Dexamethasone during Hot-Melt Extrusion of Filaments based on Eudragit® RS, Ethyl Cellulose and Polyethylene Oxide","authors":"Vanessa Domsta ,&nbsp;Tessa Boralewski ,&nbsp;Martin Ulbricht ,&nbsp;Philipp Schick ,&nbsp;Julius Krause ,&nbsp;Anne Seidlitz","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hot-melt extrusion (HME) potentially coupled with 3D printing is a promising technique for the manufacturing of dosage forms such as drug-eluting implants which might even be individually adapted to patient-specific anatomy. However, these manufacturing methods involve the risk of thermal degradation of incorporated drugs during processing. In this work, the stability of the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone (DEX) was studied during HME using the polymers Eudragit® RS, ethyl cellulose and polyethylene oxide. The extrusion process was performed at different temperatures. Furthermore, the influence of accelerated screw speed, the addition of the plasticizers triethyl citrate and polyethylene glycol 6000 or the addition of the antioxidants butylated hydroxytoluene and tocopherol in two concentrations were studied. The DEX recovery was analyzed by a high performance liquid chromatography method suitable for the detection of thermal degradation products. The strongest impact on the drug stability was found for the processing temperature, which was found to reduce the DEX recovery to &lt;20% for certain processing conditions. In addition, differences between tested polymers were observed, whereas the use of additives did not result in remarkable changes in drug stability. In conclusion, suitable extrusion parameters were identified for the processing of DEX with high drug recovery rates for the tested polymers. Moreover, the importance of a suitable analysis method for drug stability during HME that is influenced by several parameters was highlighted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14280,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100263"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590156724000355/pdfft?md5=86eb9e5d792d12eb03f1ea0a51f72309&pid=1-s2.0-S2590156724000355-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141484104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transfer of a rational formulation and process development approach for 2D inks for pharmaceutical 2D and 3D printing","authors":"Maximilian Schulz ,&nbsp;Malte Bogdahn ,&nbsp;Simon Geissler ,&nbsp;Julian Quodbach","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The field of pharmaceutical 3D printing is growing over the past year, with Spitam® as the first 3D printed dosage form on the market. Showing the suitability of a binder jetting process for dosage forms. Although the development of inks for pharmaceutical field is more trail and error based, focusing on the <em>Z</em>-number as key parameter to judge the printability of an ink. To generate a more knowledgeable based ink development an approach from electronics printing was transferred to the field of pharmaceutical binder jetting. Therefore, a dimensionless space was used to investigate the limits of printability for the used Spectra S Class SL-128 piezo print head using solvent based inks. The jettability of inks could now be judged based on the capillary and weber number. Addition of different polymers into the ink narrowed the printable space and showed, that the ink development purely based on <em>Z</em>-numbers is not suitable to predict printability. Two possible ink candidates were developed based on the droplet momentum which showed huge differences in process stability, indicating that the used polymer type and concentration has a high influence on printability and process stability. Based on the study a more knowledgeable based ink design for the field of pharmaceutical binder jetting is proposed, to shift the ink design to a more knowledgeable based and process-oriented approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14280,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590156724000288/pdfft?md5=8189bb3651f8aa022855fda939db55c1&pid=1-s2.0-S2590156724000288-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141036333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in amorphous solid dispersion drug products approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration between 2012 and 2023","authors":"Dana E. Moseson ,&nbsp;Trong Bien Tran ,&nbsp;Bharathi Karunakaran ,&nbsp;Rohan Ambardekar ,&nbsp;Tze Ning Hiew","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forty-eight (48) drug products (DPs) containing amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the 12-year period between 2012 and 2023. These DPs comprise 36 unique amorphous drugs. Ten (10) therapeutic categories are represented, with most DPs containing antiviral and antineoplastic agents. The most common ASD polymers are copovidone (49%) and hypromellose acetate succinate (30%), while spray drying (54%) and hot melt extrusion (35%) are the most utilized manufacturing processes to prepare the ASD drug product intermediate (DPI). Tablet dosage forms are the most common, with several capsule products available. Line extensions of several DPs based on flexible oral solids and powders for oral suspension have been approved which provide patient-centric dosing to pediatric and other patient populations. The trends in the use of common excipients and film coating types are discussed. Eighteen (18) DPs are fixed-dose combinations, and some contain a mixture of amorphous and crystalline drugs. The DPs have dose/unit of amorphous drug ranging from &lt;5 mg up to 300 mg, with the majority being ≤100 mg/unit. This review details several aspects of DPI and DP formulation and manufacturing of ASDs, as well as trends related to therapeutic category, dose, and patient-centricity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14280,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100259"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590156724000318/pdfft?md5=6970bbea42716c149de74327651504e5&pid=1-s2.0-S2590156724000318-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the loading and release kinetics of the vincristine sulfate liposomes and its anti-breast cancer activity","authors":"Zixu Liu ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Zixuan Wu ,&nbsp;Boyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Linxuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Tian Yin ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Haibing He ,&nbsp;Jingxin Gou ,&nbsp;Xing Tang ,&nbsp;Song Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vincristine (VCR), as a cytotoxic drug, is used clinically to treat acute lymphatic leukemia and breast cancer, and commonly used clinically as vincristine sulfate (VCRS). However, its clinical use is limited by unpredictable pharmacologic characteristics, a narrow therapeutic index, and neurotoxicity. The pH gradient method was used for active drug loading of VCRS, and the process route mainly includes the preparation of blank liposomes and drug-loaded liposomes. VCRS liposomes had suitable particle size, high encapsulation efficiency and good stability. The loading and release kinetics of VCRS liposomes were explored. By calculating the changes of encapsulation efficiency with time at different temperatures, it was confirmed that the drug-loading process of liposomes exhibited a first-order kinetic feature, and the activation energy required for the reaction was determined as 20.6 kcal/mol. The release behavior at different pH was also investigated, and it was demonstrated that the release behavior conformed to the first-order model, suggesting that the release mechanism of VCRS was simple transmembrane diffusion. VCRS liposomes also enhanced <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> antitumor activity. Thus, VCRS liposomes showed great potential for VCRS delivery, and the loading and release kinetics were well researched to provide a reference for investigating active drug loading liposomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14280,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590156724000306/pdfft?md5=47b1a3d1b7a20ebacd9cca1514244fce&pid=1-s2.0-S2590156724000306-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141240443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QbD-guided phospholipid-tagged nanonized boswellic acid naturosomal delivery for effective rheumatoid arthritis treatment","authors":"Poonam Usapkar ,&nbsp;Suprit Saoji ,&nbsp;Pradnya Jagtap ,&nbsp;Muniappan Ayyanar ,&nbsp;Mohan Kalaskar ,&nbsp;Nilambari Gurav ,&nbsp;Sameer Nadaf ,&nbsp;Satyendra Prasad ,&nbsp;Damiki Laloo ,&nbsp;Mohd Shahnawaz Khan ,&nbsp;Rupesh Chikhale ,&nbsp;Shailendra Gurav","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studies have reported the potential role of Boswellic acids (BAs), bioactive pentacyclic triterpenes from <em>Boswellia serrata</em> (BS), in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, poor water solubility and limited oral absorption are restricting factors for its better therapeutic efficacy. Based on these assumptions, the current study aimed to develop naturosomal delivery of BAs to boost their extremely low bioavailability, colloidal stability, and water solubility. Nanonized naturosomes were developed and subsequently analyzed to show their physicochemical and functional features employing the quality-by-design approach. The solubility analysis of Boswellic acid naturosomes revealed a 16 times improvement in aqueous solubility compared to BS extract (BSE). The zeta potential and dynamic light scattering findings of BSE naturosomes (BSENs) have demonstrated their colloidal stability with regulated nano-size particles. Additionally, compared to BSE (⁓31%), <em>in-vitro</em> dissolution experiments showed that &gt;99% of pentacyclic triterpenes were released from BSENs. Studies on <em>ex-vivo</em> permeation showed that BSENs' permeation (&gt;79%) significantly improved over BSE's (⁓20%). <em>In-vivo</em> efficacy studies using CFA-prompted arthritis in rodents showed a critical expansion in body wt and an undeniable reduction in paw thickness, paw volume, and TNF-α treated with BSEN compared to the arthritis control and BSE-treated group. These findings suggest that BSENs can help treat RA drugs by demonstrating their efficacy in further clinical research to validate the significant improvements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14280,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100257"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S259015672400029X/pdfft?md5=c608a4a20a497fda980471a23e56bd44&pid=1-s2.0-S259015672400029X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141078184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RP-HPLC-CAD method for the rapid analysis of lipids used in lipid nanoparticles derived from dual centrifugation","authors":"Valentin Bender,&nbsp;Leon Fuchs,&nbsp;Regine Süss","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of lipids as suitable excipients for drug carrier systems has been established for years. Liposomes or lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) in general have been shown capable of delivering both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. The Covid-19 pandemic and the resulting vaccines have significantly increased interest in the potential for these lipid-based systems, which can carry different types of therapeutic RNAs. LNPs used for the transfection of RNA are usually a multi-component mixture of phospholipids and other lipids. Essential components are positively charged or ionizable lipids such as DOTAP or SM-102, but also uncharged helper lipids such as cholesterol, DOPE, DSPC, DMG-PEG₂₀₀₀ or DSPE-PEG₂₀₀₀. Due to the differences in charge, simultaneous detection is a challenge. Here, we present a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography charged-aerosol-detector method (RP-HPLC-CAD method) using a C-18 column for the simultaneous determination of charged and uncharged lipids. Our method has been validated according to the ICH-Q2 (R2) guideline for accuracy, precision, specificity and working range, including the limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), as well as the calibration range. We were able to show satisfactory results in both precision and accuracy. The working range also shows great potential with a calibration range from 9.375 to 1000 μg/ml, LODs &lt;1.85 μg/ml and LOQs &lt;6.16 μg/ml. This method represents a fast and reproducible procedure for quantifying the lipids mentioned. In combination with the novel approach for the production of LNPs using dual centrifugation (DC), it offers the possibility of extremely rapid production of RNA-loaded LNPs, and the immediate analysis for their lipid components.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14280,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590156724000276/pdfft?md5=f7f09777fb062085e5bd0e1adbdcb8d5&pid=1-s2.0-S2590156724000276-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140894524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of gender differences in the pharmacokinetics of oral zileuton nanocrystalline formulation using a rat model","authors":"Chandra Mohan Reddy Muthumula ,&nbsp;Sangeeta Khare ,&nbsp;Rajan Jog ,&nbsp;Bhagya Wickramaratne ,&nbsp;Angela Lee ,&nbsp;Sushanta Chakder ,&nbsp;Diane J. Burgess ,&nbsp;Kuppan Gokulan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zileuton is a leukotriene inhibitor used to treat asthma. As a BCS class II drug it exhibits challenges with solubility which likely impact its absorption. As patient gender significantly impacts the pharmacokinetics of many drugs, this study aimed to investigate potential gender-based pharmacokinetic differences after oral zileuton administration in rats. Male and female Sprague Dawley rats received single oral gavage doses of pure zileuton as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (30 mg/kg body weight (bw)), physical mixture (PM; at 30 mg/kg bw of the formulation contains zileuton, kollidon VA64 fine, dowfax2A1 and trehalose), and nanocrystalline formulation of zileuton (NfZ; at 30 mg/kg bw of the formulation). Plasma, tissue, and urine concentrations were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis showed higher zileuton levels in the plasma of female versus male rats across all evaluated forms of zileuton (API, PM, and NfZ). Female rats demonstrated higher peak plasma concentrations (C_max) and increased area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) relative to males, regardless of formulation. These findings reveal substantial gender disparities in the pharmacokinetics of zileuton in the rat model. This study emphasizes the critical need to evaluate gender differences during preclinical drug development to enable gender-based precision dosing strategies for equivalent efficacy/safety outcomes in male and female patients. Additional studies are warranted to investigate underlying mechanisms of such pharmacokinetic gender divergences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14280,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100254"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590156724000264/pdfft?md5=e86c6e00a910abd55197a0d13539b17f&pid=1-s2.0-S2590156724000264-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140901358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stimuli-sensitive biomimetic nanoparticles for the inhibition of breast cancer recurrence and pulmonary metastasis","authors":"Dongjie Yang ,&nbsp;Lan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiang Ni ,&nbsp;Yang Ding ,&nbsp;Anam Razzaq ,&nbsp;Zaheer Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Haroon Iqbal ,&nbsp;Yasmene Falah Alanazi ,&nbsp;Naveed Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Rong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biomimetic nanoparticles represent a promising avenue for mitigating rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system (RES); however, current challenges include insufficient tumour targeting, suboptimal adhesion, and inadequate localized drug release within tumour regions. These shortcomings contribute to persistent contests, such as recurrence and pulmonary metastasis, even with advanced breast cancer therapies. Stimuli-sensitive drug release can furbish the membrane coated nanoparticles for their efficiency against the stated problems. To enhance the efficacy of biomimetic nanoparticles in addressing these issues, we proposed a versatile, stimuli-responsive drug delivery system by encapsulating doxorubicin (Dox) and perfluorohexane (PFH) within poly (lactic-<em>co</em>-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles, subsequently coated with macrophage-derived cell membranes. Within this framework, PFH serves as the mediator for ultrasonic (US)-irradiation-triggered drug release specifically within tumour microenvironment, while the macrophage-derived cell membrane coating enhances cell adhesion, enables immune evasion, and natural tumour-homing ability. The characterization assays and <em>in vitro</em> evaluations yielded encouraging results, indicating enhanced targeting and release efficiencies. <em>In vivo</em> studies demonstrated marked inhibitory effects on both breast cancer recurrence and pulmonary metastasis. The resulting data indicate that these engineered nanoparticles have notable potential for targeted delivery and controlled release upon US irradiation, thereby offering significant therapeutic efficacy against primary breast cancer, pulmonary metastasis, and recurrent malignancies. Our findings lay the groundwork for a novel clinical approach, representing an intriguing direction for ongoing investigation by oncologists.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14280,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590156724000240/pdfft?md5=b0467013f8ea70f40e3bfe7488374cfb&pid=1-s2.0-S2590156724000240-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140893395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polycaprolactone – Vitamin E TPGS micelles for delivery of paclitaxel: In vitro and in vivo evaluation","authors":"Ziyad Binkhathlan ,&nbsp;Osman Yusuf ,&nbsp;Raisuddin Ali ,&nbsp;Abdullah H. Alomrani ,&nbsp;Aws Alshamsan ,&nbsp;Abdullah K. Alshememry ,&nbsp;Aliyah Almomen ,&nbsp;Musaed Alkholief ,&nbsp;Ibrahim A. Aljuffali ,&nbsp;Faleh Alqahtani ,&nbsp;Saad Alobid ,&nbsp;Essam A. Ali ,&nbsp;Afsaneh Lavasanifar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to present findings on a paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded polymeric micellar formulation based on polycaprolactone-vitamin E TPGS (PCL-TPGS) and evaluate its in vitro anticancer activity as well as its in vivo pharmacokinetic profile in healthy mice in comparison to a marketed formulation. Micelles were prepared by a co-solvent evaporation method. The micelle's average diameter and polydispersity were determined using dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. Drug encapsulation efficiency was assessed using an HPLC assay. The in vitro cytotoxicity was performed on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) using MTT assay. The in vivo pharmacokinetic profile was characterized following a single intravenous dose of 4 mg/kg to healthy mice. The mean diameters of the prepared micelles were ≤ 100 nm. Moreover, these micelles increased the aqueous solubility of PTX from ∼0.3 μg/mL to reach nearly 1 mg/mL. While the PTX-loaded micelles showed an in vitro cytotoxicity comparable to the marketed formulation (Ebetaxel), drug-free PCL-TPGS micelles did not show any cytotoxic effects on both types of breast cancer cells (∼100% viability). Pharmacokinetics of PTX as part of PCL-TPGS showed a significant increase in its volume of distribution compared to PTX conventional formulation, Ebetaxel, which is in line with what was reported for clinical nano formulations of PTX, i.e., Abraxane, Genexol-PM, or Apealea. The findings of our studies indicate a significant potential for PCL-TPGS micelles to act as an effective system for solubilization and delivery of PTX.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14280,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590156724000252/pdfft?md5=2585d71757535ea96c12dfa95b6eeb05&pid=1-s2.0-S2590156724000252-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141037993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine excipient materials in carrier-based dry powder inhalation formulations: The interplay of particle size and concentration effects","authors":"Mustafa M.A. Elsayed ,&nbsp;Iman M. Alfagih ,&nbsp;Katrina Brockbank ,&nbsp;Fawaz Alheibshy ,&nbsp;Alhassan H. Aodah ,&nbsp;Raisuddin Ali ,&nbsp;Khaled Almansour ,&nbsp;Ahmed O. Shalash","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The contributions of fine excipient materials to drug dispersibility from carrier-based dry powder inhalation (DPI) formulations are well recognized, although they are not completely understood. To improve the understanding of these contributions, we investigated the influences of the particle size of the fine excipient materials on characteristics of carrier-based DPI formulations. We studied two particle size grades of silica microspheres, with volume median diameters of 3.31 μm and 8.14 μm, as fine excipient materials. Inhalation formulations, each composed of a lactose carrier material, one of the fine excipient materials (2.5% or 15.0% <em>w</em>/<em>w</em>), and a drug (fluticasone propionate) material (1.5% <em>w</em>/<em>w</em>) were prepared. The physical microstructure, the rheological properties, the aerosolization pattern, and the aerodynamic performance of the formulations were studied. At low concentration, the large silica microspheres had a more beneficial influence on the drug dispersibility than the small silica microspheres. At high concentration, only the small silica microspheres had a beneficial influence on the drug dispersibility. The results reveal influences of fine excipient materials on mixing mechanics. At low concentration, the fine particles improved deaggregation and distribution of the drug particles over the surfaces of the carrier particles. The large silica microspheres were associated with a greater mixing energy and a greater improvement in the drug dispersibility than the small silica microspheres. At high concentration, the large silica microspheres kneaded the drug particles onto the surfaces of the carrier particles and thus impaired the drug dispersibility. As a critical attribute of fine excipient materials in carrier-based dry powder inhalation formulations, the particle size demands robust specification setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14280,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100251"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590156724000239/pdfft?md5=62d18652a5012b5acacc30fc1fd8ae03&pid=1-s2.0-S2590156724000239-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140950844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}