International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid最新文献_第8页

A numerical study of the R744 primary cooling system for ATLAS and CMS LHC detectors 用于 ATLAS 和 CMS 大型强子对撞机探测器的 R744 初级冷却系统的数值研究

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2024-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.026

Stefanie Blust , Pierre A.C. Barroca , Yosr Allouche , Armin Hafner

{"title":"A numerical study of the R744 primary cooling system for ATLAS and CMS LHC detectors","authors":"Stefanie Blust , Pierre A.C. Barroca , Yosr Allouche , Armin Hafner","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A R744 (CO<sub>2</sub>) refrigeration system has been designed to cool down the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) silicon detectors ATLAS and CMS, located at CERN, Switzerland. The silicon detectors are subjected to high radiation levels. The system is composed of a pri- mary CO<sub>2</sub> trans-critical booster vapor compression loop operated with piston compressors, and an oil-free liquid pumped loop on the evaporation side, to preserve the detectors. To ensure the system's reliability, the cooling facility is designed to operate under a parallel operation mode of several modular 70 kW plant units providing evaporation temperature as low as -53 °C. This layout, is also useful in case of components failure and maintenance. A numerical model is developed using a dynamic simulation software Dymola that is based on the open source Modelica modelling language. The simulation results are proven on a first demonstration plant (System A) experimentally to explore the systems control logic and to validate the reliability of the system before it is built on the detectors side. In this paper the models development is explained and the results of the experimental validation of the numerical model are shown.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700724001877/pdfft?md5=d33b8fbfc7ffdb824a01ce881693dbf2&pid=1-s2.0-S0140700724001877-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of a flexible triple-evaporator domestic refrigerator/freezer with R600a with integrated economization 对使用 R600a 的柔性三蒸发器家用冰箱/冰柜进行综合节能的研究

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.029

Changkuan Liang, Dazhuang He, Haotian Liu, Jinwoo Oh, James E. Braun, Eckhard A. Groll, Davide Ziviani

{"title":"Investigation of a flexible triple-evaporator domestic refrigerator/freezer with R600a with integrated economization","authors":"Changkuan Liang, Dazhuang He, Haotian Liu, Jinwoo Oh, James E. Braun, Eckhard A. Groll, Davide Ziviani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Domestic refrigerator/freezers account for approximately 6 % of all energy consumption around the globe and mainly rely on vapor compression cycles to operate. Researchers have investigated alternative cycle architectures such as dual-loop cycles and parallel circuit cycles to improve their efficiencies. Despite the demonstrated energy saving potential of these advanced cycles, additional implementation costs are often not justifiable. However, to meet forthcoming stricter energy standards while ensuring flexible multi-temperature operation of domestic refrigerator/freezers, advanced cycle architectures are needed. In this paper, a state-of-the-art bypass circuit cycle triple-evaporator domestic refrigerator freezer with R-600a and a reciprocating compressor has been used as the baseline cycle investigate an alternative cycle configuration. Specifically, this work presents a two-stage vapor-injected cycle with a multi-evaporator system to enable energy savings and cost-effectiveness. The cycle establishes two separate evaporation temperatures to better match the cabinet temperature of fresh food and freezer compartment. The reduced difference between cabinet temperature and its evaporation temperature decreases the irreversibilities in the heat exchanger and improves overall system efficiency. Moreover, the addition of the economization line from the medium temperature evaporator reduces the compressor work. To capture the complex transient behavior of both the baseline system and proposed cycle architecture with their control strategies, a dynamic model has been developed and validated with experimental data. The validated dynamic model with the baseline cycle was modified to consider the two-stage vapor-injected cycle and its control logic, and simulation results yielded up to 13 % energy consumption reduction with respect to the baseline system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141134367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of sono-osmodehydration pretreatment on the mass transfer kinetics, freezing characteristics and quality attributes of frozen carrot (Daucus carota) 超声波脱水预处理对冷冻胡萝卜（Daucus carota）传质动力学、冷冻特性和质量属性的影响

IF 3.9 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.027

Fatemeh Ghooshi, Moloud Nourani

{"title":"Effect of sono-osmodehydration pretreatment on the mass transfer kinetics, freezing characteristics and quality attributes of frozen carrot (Daucus carota)","authors":"Fatemeh Ghooshi, Moloud Nourani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Considerable efforts have been made to minimize the adverse effects of freezing on the quality of frozen products. In this study, ultrasound-assisted osmodehydrofreezing (UOD) was used to accelerate the freezing process. The effects of osmotic solution concentration, temperature, and application of ultrasound on freezing characteristics and quality attributes of frozen carrot were investigated. The changes in water loss (WL) and solid gain (SG) were predicted using kinetic models, with effective diffusivities determined according to Fick's second law of diffusion for a finite cylinder. The results from the kinetic modeling demonstrated the good fitness of the new proposed exponential model. Effective diffusivities for WL and SG ranged from 4.49 × 10<sup>−8</sup> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> to 8.42 × 10<sup>−8</sup> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> and 4.30 × 10<sup>−8</sup> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> to 5.12 × 10<sup>−8</sup> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, with the highest diffusivities observed in ultrasound-assisted dehydrated samples at 45 °C in a 60 % sucrose solution. Dehydration pretreatment could shorten the freezing time significantly. Pretreated samples (after thawing) showed higher firmness and lower phenolic contents, as compared to the control samples (freezing without osmodehydration). In addition, the UOD process minimized drip loss and electrolyte leakage. The high duration of ultrasound exposure resulted in structural damage, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. In general, it was revealed that the UOD process prior to freezing was more useful in preventing the quality loss of the samples, as compared to osmodeydration without sonication. These findings, thus indicate that applying UOD is a promising approach for freezing food materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141141781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of ammonia environment on the quality of boxed non-dairy cream 氨环境对盒装非乳奶油质量的影响

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.028

Lan Chen , Bin Liu , Lingling Pang , Yuqian Jiang , Xihong Li , Jianfei Song , Dan Zhou

引用次数: 0

Diffusion risk analysis and interdiction procedures of transmission of microorganism in the primary cold storage of imported cold chain food in case of novel coronavirus 新型冠状病毒在进口冷链食品初级冷库中传播的风险分析和阻截程序

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.025

Quanhui Tan , Jianfei Song , Hailing Fu , Shengchun Liu , Zhili Sun , Shaohua Zhang , Guanyi Chen , Bin Liu

{"title":"Diffusion risk analysis and interdiction procedures of transmission of microorganism in the primary cold storage of imported cold chain food in case of novel coronavirus","authors":"Quanhui Tan , Jianfei Song , Hailing Fu , Shengchun Liu , Zhili Sun , Shaohua Zhang , Guanyi Chen , Bin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the period of COVID-19, the health problems caused by the contamination of imported cold chain food by pathogenic microorganisms attracted widespread attention, which brought new risks and challenges to cold chain products. The traditional liquid disinfection method has obviously been unable to meet the existing disinfection and sterilization needs, and establishing a complete set of cold chain product disinfection system has become the focus of research. This paper takes the process of importing cold chain food from Tianjin's primary cold storage as an example, and proposes the closed-loop cold storage disinfection system of \"Human-Cargo-Apparatus-Waste\". The establishment of the disinfection system determined the working characteristics of different areas of the primary cold storage and the risk level of virus transmission through on-site analysis and simulated aerosol diffusion experiments. According to the characteristics of different working areas in the cold storage, targeted sealing measures and disinfection techniques are adopted. It can effectively ensure the complete disinfection of cold chain products and avoid the negative impact of disinfection and sterilization methods. The expected research results provide certain technical support for the development and application of safe virus elimination throughout the entire process of imported cold chain.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141141020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of static magnetic fields freezing on starch-based prepared fried rice as staple foods 静磁场冷冻对作为主食的淀粉基预制炒饭的影响

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.022

Yanzhen Long , Min Zhang , Arun S. Mujumdar , Jiacong Lin

引用次数: 0

Airflow and heat transfer characteristics for different cargo pallet arrangements in a heat transfer enhanced refrigerated container 热传导增强型冷藏集装箱中不同货物托盘布置的气流和热传导特性

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.024

Santhosh Senguttuvan , Hyeong-Geun Kim , Min-Seob Shin , Youngho Rhee , Jaehyun Park , Sung-Min Kim

{"title":"Airflow and heat transfer characteristics for different cargo pallet arrangements in a heat transfer enhanced refrigerated container","authors":"Santhosh Senguttuvan , Hyeong-Geun Kim , Min-Seob Shin , Youngho Rhee , Jaehyun Park , Sung-Min Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Improving the performance of a refrigerated container is crucial in effectively preserving thermal-sensitive cargo. The combined effect of vertical airflow resistance and airflow short-circuiting in air gaps play a vital role in cargo cooling. This study numerically investigates the effects of cargo vertical airflow resistance and air gaps between cargo pallets using two commonly used apple packaging boxes, each stacked in six different cargo pallet arrangements. A heat transfer enhanced refrigerated container design and a numerical model developed from the present authors’ previous studies are used. The numerical model uses the porous medium model to incorporate the refrigeration unit and cargo within the refrigerated container. Additionally, the numerical domain includes the T-bar floor in the refrigerated container. Initially, the airflow characteristics based on vertical airflow resistance and air gaps are discussed. Then, the corresponding effects on cargo cooling are addressed. Results show that the air gaps between the cargo pallets have positive and negative effects on cargo cooling. In cargos with lower vertical airflow resistance, an increase in air gaps leads to reduced cargo cooling and elevated temperature non-uniformity. Conversely, cargos with higher vertical airflow resistance experience increased cooling rates and reduced temperature non-uniformity with the increase in air gaps. However, avoiding airflow short-circuiting through the air gaps between the cargo pallets and improving the vertical airflow inside the cargo pallets can provide better cargo cooling, which outweighs the positive cooling effect of the air gap.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141543190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of different freezing methods on muscle qualities and myofibrillar protein properties of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) during storage 不同冷冻方法对红鼓（Sciaenops ocellatus）贮藏期间肌肉质量和肌纤维蛋白特性的影响

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.021

Xi Zhao , Lei Wang , Jinxiang Wang , Yongxia Xu , Wenhui Zhu , Jianrong Li , Fangchao Cui , Xuepeng Li

{"title":"Effects of different freezing methods on muscle qualities and myofibrillar protein properties of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) during storage","authors":"Xi Zhao , Lei Wang , Jinxiang Wang , Yongxia Xu , Wenhui Zhu , Jianrong Li , Fangchao Cui , Xuepeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The freezing of aquatic products without causing significant changes in quality is recently attracting much attention. In this study, the effects of air freezing (AF, -20 °C), blast freezing (BF, -35 °C), liquid nitrogen freezing (LNF), and immersion freezing (IF, -35 °C) by 20 % ethanol, 20 % propylene glycol, 10 % glycerol, and 10 % sodium chloride aqueous solutions, respectively, on muscle qualities and myofibrillar protein properties of the red drum were investigated. The results indicated that the freezing rate of IF was 2.66 cm/h, which was 6.33 times higher than that in AF groups. Compared with AF and BF, the ice crystals were smaller and more uniformly shaped, with properties of lower water migration and less texture softening after cryogenic liquid freezing of IF and LNF group aquatic products. Immersion freezing showed the same superiority in maintaining the freshness of fish fillets and retaining the protein structure as liquid nitrogen storage. Overall, IF has similar effects to LNF in maintaining muscle qualities and myofibrillar protein properties. This study describes a new freezing method that uses 20 % ethanol, 20 % propylene glycol, 10 % glycerol, and 10 % sodium chloride aqueous solutions as immersion freezing medium. The multi-compound freezing medium has the potential to be used for the freezing of aquatic products.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141131021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of immersion freezing on water migration in Huangguan pears 浸泡冷冻对黄冠梨水分迁移的影响

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.023

Xuehui Cao, Xiaomin Zhang, Ya Wang, Rui Nian, Kaiyan You, Danshi Zhu

引用次数: 0

Development of a chamber model considering non-uniform pressure distribution for twin-screw compressors 开发考虑到双螺杆压缩机非均匀压力分布的腔室模型

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.020

Bingqi Wang , Chuang Wang , Xiaokun Wu , Zhiping Zhang , Ziwen Xing

{"title":"Development of a chamber model considering non-uniform pressure distribution for twin-screw compressors","authors":"Bingqi Wang , Chuang Wang , Xiaokun Wu , Zhiping Zhang , Ziwen Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.05.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Further efficiency improvements of screw compressors rely on computer modeling and mathematical analysis at the design stage. As speed and capacity increase, the uniformity assumption used in the conventional chamber model for twin-screw compressors is no longer suitable. At the same time, CFD simulations are complicated and time-consuming for design optimization. Therefore, in this paper, a chamber model considering pressure distribution is proposed, which is fast enough and more applicable. Each working unit of a screw compressor is considered a one-dimensional compressible transient flow with two moving pistons, which allow the passage of fluid. Numerical methods of the model are verified by a shock wave test. A twin-screw compressor was also simulated and the results of the chamber model were compared with the CFD results. Pressure fluctuations like those in previous experimental studies can be captured in the simulated indicator diagram. General trends with different speeds, suction ports, and wrap angles could also be recognized in the simulation results. The compression process and the influence of structural parameters on the compressor's functioning are revealed intuitively. By combining existing chamber models, the applicability of the new model can be further extended, and it is expected to be a helpful tool for compressor design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141133119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0