{"title":"Simulation of an operation of nested Halbach cylinder arrays in regenerative magnetic cooling cycles: The way to maximum thermal span","authors":"Alexei Karpenkov , Anastasiia Tukmakova , Galina Dunaeva , Pavel Dergachev , Dmitriy Karpenkov","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a numerical model of the Active Magnetic Regenerator (AMR) cycle, implemented in the reciprocal demonstrator, was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics. A nested Halbach cylinder (NHC) array served as the magnetic field source. Additional simulation of an operation of the NHC array was carried out. To eliminate the discrepancies between the heat exchange duration of the heat transfer medium (HTM) and the hot and cold ends of the regenerator, an adequate time dependence of the inner cylinder rotation angle was calculated. The latter provides the symmetrical sinusoidal form of time dependence of the magnetic flux density in the gap of NHC array, which is important for enhancing the performance of a magnetic refrigerator. It was established that in order to achieve a maximal temperature span, it is necessary to shift the phases of the magnetic field insertion/removal and heat transfer fluid pumping processes by nearly half of the operating cycle period. The latter brings the simulated cycle closer to the ideal AMR cycle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"168 ","pages":"Pages 29-39"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bo Tang , Xiaoyu Yao , Xueqiang Dong , Yanxing Zhao , Maoqiong Gong
{"title":"Experimental study and correlation of critical parameters for three binary mixtures containing R290 and hydrofluoroolefins","authors":"Bo Tang , Xiaoyu Yao , Xueqiang Dong , Yanxing Zhao , Maoqiong Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mixtures of R290 (propane) and R1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene), R1243zf (3,3,3-trifluoropropene), or R1234ze(E) (<em>trans</em>-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) could be potential alternatives for high global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). Obtaining the critical parameters of mixtures is crucial for establishing thermodynamic models, evaluating the highest operating temperature of refrigerants, determining the phase envelope, and confirming the starting point of the Widom line. However, few studies have been made on their critical properties. In this work, the critical properties of three binary systems containing R290 + R1234yf / R1243zf / R1234ze(E) are obtained experimentally with a metal-bellows volume apparatus. The critical state is judged by direct visual observation of critical opalescence and the recurrence of the vapor-liquid phase interface. The extended total uncertainties for the mole fraction, critical pressure, critical temperature, and critical density were below 0.004, 21 kPa, 50 mK, and 0.6 % (<em>k</em> = 2, 0.95 confidence coefficient), respectively. Experimentally obtained critical data are correlated by the Modified Wilson method and the Redlich–Kister method. The critical parameters of the R290 + R1234yf, R290 + R1243zf, and R290 + R1234ze(E) mixtures are predicted using the Correlated Modified Wilson (CMW) method, He et al.’s method, and the Modified Extended Chueh–Prausnitz (MECP) method. The correlated curve and predicted outcomes are employed for comparison with this work's experimental results. Meanwhile, the critical parameters data obtained experimentally are contrasted with the value of REFPROP 10.0 and other open literature. The fitting and prediction curves somewhat agree with the experimental results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"168 ","pages":"Pages 40-50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental comparison of flow boiling heat transfer in smooth and microfin tubes using R134a, R1234yf, and R513A","authors":"Zahraa Kareem Yasser, Mahmood Hasan Oudah","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing the urgent need for environmentally sustainable and efficient refrigeration systems, this study investigates the performance of low-GWP refrigerants R1234yf and R513A in comparison to the high-GWP refrigerant R134a, focusing on the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and pressure drop during flow boiling in smooth and microfin tubes. The experimental setup involves tubes with a 6.14 mm internal diameter and 500 mm length. Data were collected across a broad range of operating conditions, including mass fluxes from 170 to 495 kg/m² s, heat fluxes from 10 to 40 kW/m², saturation temperatures of 15 °C and 25 °C, and vapor qualities from 0.15 to 1.0. In a specific case with a mass flux of 170 kg/m² s, heat flux of 23 kW/m², and a saturation temperature of 15 °C, the results indicate that the microfin tube achieves an HTC enhancement of up to 64 % compared to smooth tubes. However, R134a exhibits a higher HTC than R1234yf and R513A, approximately 5 % and 3 % higher, respectively. In contrast, R134a presents a higher pressure drop than R1234yf by about 8 %. While the pressure drop for R134a is slightly higher than R513A in the smooth tube, the microfin tube shows similar trends but more pronounced differences. This study comprehensively explores microfin tube performance with these refrigerants, offering critical insights for designing advanced refrigeration systems that balance environmental responsibility with energy efficiency. These findings were validated against predicted correlations, showing good agreement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"168 ","pages":"Pages 506-520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hengyang Ye , Hanying Jiang , Yinghe Qi , Wenhan Shu , Xiaoqin Zhi , Limin Qiu , Kai Wang
{"title":"Theoretical analysis of the initial nucleation characteristics of trace water vapor frosting on a cryogenic surface","authors":"Hengyang Ye , Hanying Jiang , Yinghe Qi , Wenhan Shu , Xiaoqin Zhi , Limin Qiu , Kai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In certain extreme conditions characterized by ultra-low water vapor content and ultra-low temperatures (e.g. cryogenic wind tunnel), trace water vapor frosting can also pose significant hazards. Considering the crucial role of initial nucleation on subsequent frosting processes, this study firstly investigated and compared the nucleation characteristics of frosting at different water vapor contents (0.1−1000 ppmv) from humid air to trace water vapor based on classical nucleation theory. The preferred nucleation phase diagrams and critical nucleation conditions were analyzed. Sensitivity of the nucleation mass transfer rate, as well as the frosting pathways were further identified. Results show that the nucleation characteristics of trace water vapor frosting (<100 ppmv) is significantly different from that of humid air frosting (>1000 ppmv). Trace water vapor frosting is more inclined towards desublimation nucleation due to its lower nucleation temperature and larger critical contact angle. The critical contact angles for 1000 ppmv, 100 ppmv and 0.1 ppmv are 49°, 75° and 120°, respectively. Furthermore, trace water vapor nucleation requires a greater subcooling degree, has a smaller critical nucleation radius, and is highly sensitive to surface contact angle and further-subcooling degree. At a surface contact angle of 120°, the nucleation subcooling degree of 0.1 ppmv is 2.9 K greater than that of 1000 ppmv. This study helps understanding the nucleation characteristics under different water vapor content conditions, which indicates that reducing subcooling degree and increasing contact angle are more effective anti-frosting methods than reducing water vapor content for trace water vapor frosting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"168 ","pages":"Pages 423-437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahryman Seixas Busse de Siqueira Nascimento , João Paulo Zomer Machado , Leandro dos Santos Coelho , Rodolfo César Costa Flesch
{"title":"Evaporating temperature estimation of refrigeration systems based on vibration data-driven soft sensors","authors":"Ahryman Seixas Busse de Siqueira Nascimento , João Paulo Zomer Machado , Leandro dos Santos Coelho , Rodolfo César Costa Flesch","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evaluation of the operating conditions of refrigeration compressors once installed in household appliances is challenging due to the need to install pressure transducers, a process which requires system evacuation and refrigerant reintroduction. In addition, changes in the piping modify the characteristics of the original product. This paper proposes a soft-sensing technique based on vibration measurements of the compressor surface to predict the evaporating temperature. Different machine learning (ML) techniques are evaluated as data-driven prediction models, namely multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural networks, least squares boosting, generalized additive model, random forest, extreme learning machine, and random vector functional link neural networks. These techniques were applied to data obtained from a test rig designed to emulate compressor operation in a refrigeration system, with an operating envelope from -30<!--> <!-->°C to -10<!--> <!-->°C for the evaporating temperature and from 34<!--> <!-->°C to 54<!--> <!-->°C for the condensing temperature. The results showed that, with a single vibration measurement point, it was possible to use an MLP technique to estimate the evaporating temperature with a root mean squared error of 1.74<!--> <!-->°C in a non-intrusive way. For the other prediction techniques, the errors were a bit higher than for the MLP, but the maximum error value was about 2.5<!--> <!-->°C in all cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"168 ","pages":"Pages 288-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elias Eid , Alan Foster , Graciela Alvarez , Fatou-Toutie Ndoye , Denis Leducq , Judith Evans
{"title":"Modelling energy consumption in a Paris supermarket to reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions using EnergyPlus","authors":"Elias Eid , Alan Foster , Graciela Alvarez , Fatou-Toutie Ndoye , Denis Leducq , Judith Evans","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>New refrigeration system configurations and other innovating technologies in retail supermarkets need to be considered to reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. In supermarkets, there is a strong interaction between the refrigerated display cases, supermarket structure, internal machinery, customers, and the store's HVAC system. The impact of these interactions on the energy and carbon emissions of a medium sized supermarket in Paris was modelled using EnergyPlus™. The results were calibrated against a typical UK store and validated against the Paris store. The effects of applying the technologies identified to have the greatest potential to reduce carbon emissions (changing the refrigerant to R-744, switching from gas to electrical heating and adding doors to chilled cabinets) were modelled. The impact of climate change on ambient temperature and the impact of changes to the grid conversion factor were predicted for the store in Paris from 2020 to 2050.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"168 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700724002974/pdfft?md5=d0e1864a13f4c67b65063647156a0451&pid=1-s2.0-S0140700724002974-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhichao Chen , Ping Liu , Yanan Li , Lei Ding , Zhenhua Jiang , Shaoshuai Liu , Yinong Wu , Wei Dai
{"title":"Advances on a SPTC/JTC/ADR system for sub-Kelvin cooling","authors":"Zhichao Chen , Ping Liu , Yanan Li , Lei Ding , Zhenhua Jiang , Shaoshuai Liu , Yinong Wu , Wei Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sub-Kelvin cooling technologies are a critical technology for advanced deep space astrophysical observations. The configuration with adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) precooled by Stirling-type pulse-tube cryocooler (SPTC) /Joule-Thomson cryocooler (JTC) is most attractive one for such space applications. In order to meet the demands of future national space science missions, the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry (TIPC, CAS) and the Shanghai Institute of Technology Physics (SITP, CAS) have carried out collaborative research. After separately optimizing SPTC, JTC, ADR, and efficient coupling of the three, a sub-Kelvin SPTC/JTC/ADR hybrid refrigeration system is proposed, built, and tested. The hybrid refrigeration system can achieve a no-load minimum temperature of 661 mK and maintain a temperature of 0.9 K without load for 3.78 h, setting the basis for the development of future space-application-targeted sub-Kelvin refrigerator.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"168 ","pages":"Pages 259-263"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aya Barakat , Jean-Noël Jaubert , Philippe Arpentinier , Pascal Tobaly , Silvia Lasala
{"title":"Understanding the thermodynamic effects of chemically reactive working fluids in the Stirling heat pump","authors":"Aya Barakat , Jean-Noël Jaubert , Philippe Arpentinier , Pascal Tobaly , Silvia Lasala","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Within the realm of sustainable heating technologies, this study examines the performance of a Stirling heat pump employing chemically reactive working fluids in contrast to conventional inert counterparts. Reactive working fluids are energy vectors that enable the conversion of not only thermal but also chemical energy within the heat pump. The investigation spans a wide range of theoretical reactive gaseous mixtures, leveraging the ideal gas mixture thermodynamic model. Each fluid is characterized by an equilibrated chemical reaction, denoted as <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>A</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msub><mo>⇄</mo><mn>2</mn><msub><mi>A</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, and distinguished by a set of reaction coordinates: the standard entropy change of reaction and standard enthalpy change of reaction. The chemical reaction evolution and thermodynamic properties are observed in each transformation, and the overall coefficient of performance (COP) of the system is evaluated and benchmarked against that of comparable inert working fluids. It is observed that the exothermic reaction during isothermal compression significantly increases the thermal energy supplied to the heat sink, as well as the thermal energy density per unit maximum volume, by up to 269 %, compared to an inert gas system. However, for the majority of reactive fluids studied, chemical reactions introduce irreversibility in the internal regenerator due to heat transfer across a finite temperature difference, contrary to the case of inert working fluids, penalizing the COP. Consequently, a reduction of up to 28 % in the COP is observed. Nevertheless, there exists a range of reactive fluids, characterized by reversible heat exchange in the internal regenerator, offering increased thermal energy transfer to the heat sink without compromising the COP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"168 ","pages":"Pages 276-287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuji Hironaka , Satoshi Ooga , Motofumi Hanaki , Agung Tri Wijayanta , Jun Fukai
{"title":"High potency of application on an open direct-contact thermal storage using humid air","authors":"Shuji Hironaka , Satoshi Ooga , Motofumi Hanaki , Agung Tri Wijayanta , Jun Fukai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To reuse low-temperature wasted heat as a thermal resource for high temperature, a direct-contact adsorption thermal storage was focused using humid air and zeolite 13X particles as the working fluid and adsorbent, respectively. Only a few previous studies have chosen the working fluid in gaseous form because it is unavailable for latent heat in generating heat sources. Recovering waste heat in humid air to generate hotter steam is unique and becomes an originality of our present work. The time required to regenerate zeolite particles and the maximum temperature of the generated steam were investigated assuming a warm-up device for a vehicle. The time required to regenerate zeolite was investigated by changing the dew point, temperature, and superficial velocity of the inlet humid air. It was mainly affected by the temperature of the inlet air. The absorbent was regenerated within 30 min when the humid air preheated to 200 °C was supplied. On the other hand, the maximum steam temperature was investigated by changing the superficial velocity and temperature of saturated inlet humid air. As one of the significant and novel finding in this work, the steam of >200 °C was obtained as a high-temperature heat source even with saturated humid air unavailable latent heat. Moreover, as theoretical knowledge, it was revealed that the maximum temperature of the heat source can be estimated by the relationship between the heat balance on the packed bed and adsorption equilibrium.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"168 ","pages":"Pages 18-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qingfeng Jiang , Wenqing Duan , Huaibing Li , Hansheng Feng , Wu Du , Jiayang Gu
{"title":"Novel fuel-efficient cryogenic carbon capture system for the combustion exhaust of LNG-powered ships","authors":"Qingfeng Jiang , Wenqing Duan , Huaibing Li , Hansheng Feng , Wu Du , Jiayang Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.08.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The traditional carbon capture technologies such as alcohol-amine decarburization, membrane separation, etc., are difficult to be used to cope with carbon emissions for ships, due to the power-hungry combustion exhaust pressurization consumption, poor economic benefits of carbon capture, etc. This paper presents a novel cryogenic desublimation CO<sub>2</sub> capture system (CDCC) coupled with LNG cold energy for LNG-powered ships. The proposed system not only significantly reduces the energy consumption of exhaust gas boosting but also utilizes waste cold energy from the LNG fuel gas supply system (FGSS). This enables the CO<sub>2</sub> gas to condense and separate at low temperatures. Through simulation and parameter optimization, the CO<sub>2</sub> capture rate and purity of CO<sub>2</sub> product can reach 92.87 % and 96.49 % respectively, with an energy consumption of 5.72 MJ/kg. To evaluate the CDCC performance, the typical monoethanolamine chemical absorption process (MEA) under the same flue gas inlet conditions and the consistent CO<sub>2</sub> product outlet temperature and pressure is also simulated. Comparative simulation with the MEA process shows similar CO<sub>2</sub> capture rates (87.13 % for MEA and 87.18 % for CDCC), but MEA achieves higher product purity by 2.58 %. However, MEA exhibits significantly higher energy consumption (33.28 MJ/kg) compared to CDCC (5.90 MJ/kg). Investigation into process parameters, engine powers, and CO<sub>2</sub> product parameters demonstrates CDCC's robustness in energy consumption, capture rate, and purity. The proposed CDCC system is well-suited for LNG-powered ships, which can be attributed to atmospheric exhaust gas treatment and self-contained utilization of cold energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"168 ","pages":"Pages 580-592"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}