{"title":"Optimal Intermediate Pressure Investigation in a CO₂ Transcritical Distributed Compression Refrigeration Cycle","authors":"Junrui Nie, Guoyuan Ma, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The CO<sub>2</sub> transcritical distributed compression cycle proposal provides a novel approach for refrigerant cooling in traditional transcritical cycles. This paper employed an exhaustive search method to derive the correlation formula for the optimal intermediate pressure. From the perspectives of thermodynamic performance and economics, a comparative analysis was conducted between the cycle established under the optimal intermediate pressure obtained in this study, the cycle based on equal compression ratios in traditional two-stage compression cycles, and the cycle established using the optimal secondary compression ratio method based on low-pressure stage discharge pressure mentioned in previous literature study. The research results indicate that the system's COP calculated using the obtained optimal intermediate pressure correlation method can be improved by up to 7.26% and 5.32%, respectively, compared to the traditional and literature-based methods. The exergy loss with the optimal intermediate pressure method is less than with the other two methods. The entransy dissipation rate of the system obtained using the optimal intermediate pressure correlation method is 24.61% and 50.14% lower than that of the traditional and literature-based methods, respectively. The investment cost of the main components using the optimal intermediate pressure correlation method is about 5% higher than that of the traditional method and about 1% higher than that of the optimal pressure ratio method. However, the total annual cost rate of the system is the lowest. The research enriches and improves the theory of the CO₂ transcritical distributed compression cycle, thereby facilitating the advancement of practical applications based on this cycle theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"169 ","pages":"Pages 405-417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data-enhanced convolutional network based on air conditioning system start/stop time prediction","authors":"Huaqiu Wang, Jiahao Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most enterprise workshop operators frequently adjust the start/stop time of air conditioning systems based on indoor and outdoor temperatures and humidity to accommodate changing demand and weather conditions. However, relying on personal subjective experience for these adjustments often leads to operational delays or energy waste due to the lack of precision in determining optimal timing. Predicting air conditioning system start and stop times is crucial for energy consumption and savings in HVAC systems. Traditional data-driven methods have been insufficient in this regard, as they mainly focus on feature mapping and overlook the dynamic coupling relationships of process variables, resulting in subpar predictions. In response to this challenge, the paper introduces a novel approach known as the Periodicity and Long-Term Convolutional Neural Network (PLCNN). This method converts one-dimensional regression prediction data into two-dimensional data containing time series features to capture the dynamic coupling characteristics of the air conditioning system while maintaining the independent variation relationships of features. Experimental results using real factory floor data have demonstrated the superior performance of the PLCNN method. Specifically, this method achieved a 14.96% lower error rate compared to the traditional method and an 8.18% improvement compared to the deep learning method. Moreover, the implementation of the PLCNN method in the optimal control of air conditioning systems led to a significant 19.43% reduction in total monthly energy consumption. In conclusion, the proposed method offers a promising alternative to traditional approaches to forecasting and provides a solution to the common challenges encountered in traditional prediction tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"169 ","pages":"Pages 372-382"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hainan Zhang , Jing Ding , Haichao Liu , Tao Ding , Yanhui Feng
{"title":"Start-up investigation and heat transfer enhancement analysis of a loop thermosyphon with biomimetic honeycomb-channel evaporator","authors":"Hainan Zhang , Jing Ding , Haichao Liu , Tao Ding , Yanhui Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Loop thermosyphon has the ability of heat transfer without external energy input, which has good application potential in many areas. Biomimetic flow channel is an effective way for heat transfer enhancement and resistance optimization, therefore it is a promising method to improve the performance of loop thermosyphon. While currently few studies have been conducted in this field. In this paper, the start-up stages, flow patterns and heat transfer performance of a loop thermosyphon with biomimetic honeycomb-channel evaporator are experimentally investigated, and compared with a loop thermosyphon with parallel-flow evaporator. The results show that the start-up of can be divided into three stages: stage dominated by heat conduction, stage dominated by boiling and stage transited to stable operation; For the steady-state performance, the heating power of the optimal point with the lowest thermal resistance increases from 90 W to 150 W with the increase of the filling ratio from 50 % to 70 %; Compared to loop thermosyphon with parallel-flow evaporator, loop thermosyphon with biomimetic honeycomb evaporator has lower thermal resistance. The decline of thermal resistance is 4.1 %–21.6 %, and is more significant under small heating power. This paper provides a simple and affordable method for heat transfer improvement of loop thermosyphon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"169 ","pages":"Pages 383-390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermodynamic and technoeconomic limitations of Brayton refrigeration for air conditioning","authors":"Jordan D. Kocher","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With global cooling demand increasing, there is a need for refrigeration cycles that use low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants. Researchers have flirted with the idea of using the Brayton cycle for refrigeration over the years, but it has yet to prove competitive in performance or cost when compared to the widely used vapor compression cycle. The recent development of an electrochemical Brayton refrigeration cycle has renewed interest in the thermodynamics of Brayton refrigeration. This work provides a parametric study of the COP of a Brayton cycle air conditioner (either mechanical or electrochemical in nature) as a function of the characteristics of the cycle components (thermal conductances and isentropic efficiencies). When the isentropic efficiencies of the adiabatic components (i.e., the compressor and turbine in the mechanical Brayton cycle) are 90 %, the cycle COP is limited to a value of ∼1. Furthermore, a thermodynamic comparison to the vapor compression cycle reveals that the Brayton refrigeration cycle generates ∼8 × more entropy, and that the thermodynamic favorability of the vapor compression cycle is due to the presence of phase change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"169 ","pages":"Pages 418-428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenliang Li , Qingyang Han , Cheng Wang , Hailun Zhang , Lei Jia , Lei Wang , Wenxu Sun , Haoyuan Xue
{"title":"Influence of geometric parameters on ejector acoustics and efficiency in ejector refrigeration system","authors":"Wenliang Li , Qingyang Han , Cheng Wang , Hailun Zhang , Lei Jia , Lei Wang , Wenxu Sun , Haoyuan Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ejectors are extensively utilized in Ejector Refrigeration System (ERS), serving as essential elements for process propulsion and vapor recirculation. However, their operation produces substantial aerodynamic noise, which adversely affects the surrounding environment and human health. Consequently, an investigation was conducted into the correlation between aerodynamic noise and the ejector's performance, based on the geometric configuration of the ejector. Additionally, the flow field of the ejector was analyzed. Nine types of ejectors with different area ratios (AR) and nozzle exit positions (NXP) were established, and the simulation results showed that the aerodynamic noise was positively correlated with the turbulence intensity. The higher the turbulence intensity, the higher the sound power level of the noise. As the AR increased from 5.8 to 11.4, turbulence intensity gradually decreased. An increase in AR by 1.4 resulted in a reduction of aerodynamic noise by 2–3 dB, while the entrainment ratio (ER) initially increased and then decreased. With an increase in the primary flow pressure, the optimal AR moves backward. The change in NXP has a negligible effect on turbulence intensity and ejector noise but significantly impacts ER. Overall, 9 different AR and NXP ejectors were 3D-printed and tested. The far-field noise data of the experimental ejector exhibited the same trend as the simulated noise data, which verified the simulation results. The ejector's optimal structure was discussed based on its ability to maintain relatively higher ER and lower noise levels amid pressure fluctuations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"169 ","pages":"Pages 429-443"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yali Guo 郭亚丽 , Tao Zhang 张涛 , Huadong Zhou , Shengqiang Shen 沈胜强 , Minle Bao 鲍民乐 , Hongyu Bao 鲍宏宇 , Liang Wang 王亮 , Shaoguan Sun 孙绍官 , Fei Li 李飞 , Hongbao Wang 王洪宝
{"title":"Study on off-grid performance and economic viability of photovoltaic energy storage refrigeration systems","authors":"Yali Guo 郭亚丽 , Tao Zhang 张涛 , Huadong Zhou , Shengqiang Shen 沈胜强 , Minle Bao 鲍民乐 , Hongyu Bao 鲍宏宇 , Liang Wang 王亮 , Shaoguan Sun 孙绍官 , Fei Li 李飞 , Hongbao Wang 王洪宝","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid advancement of photovoltaic and energy storage technologies, photovoltaic energy storage refrigerator systems have gained significant attention as an innovative energy solution. This paper designs and constructs an off-grid photovoltaic power generation energy storage refrigerator system, and evaluates its economic viability in practical environments. By measuring indoor temperature, refrigerator internal temperature, irradiance, and daily power generation, the paper analyzes system operating parameters such as refrigerator cooling rate and power supply mode, and studies the system's refrigeration performance, off-grid operation capability, and factors affecting daily power generation. Utilizing economic indicators such as benefit-cost ratio, levelized cost of electricity, investment dynamic payback process, net present value, and internal rate of return, the economic viability of the system is assessed. Results indicate that the system meets refrigeration performance requirements, maintaining a uniform temperature distribution and extended off-grid operation capability. Daily power generation is influenced by weather conditions, seasons, and all electrical loads in the system. In the Dalian region of China, the system demonstrates good economic viability, enabling investment recovery and profitability in a relatively short period. This system has broad market prospects in areas with abundant solar resources or high demand for refrigerator usage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"169 ","pages":"Pages 391-404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Youcai Liang, Zhengyong Li, Yan Zhu, Meirong Dong, Jidong Lu
{"title":"Thermodynamic and economic analysis of a novel solar-assisted vapor injection ejector-enhanced cycle for building heating","authors":"Youcai Liang, Zhengyong Li, Yan Zhu, Meirong Dong, Jidong Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research proposes a novel solar-assisted vapor injection ejector-enhanced cycle (SVI-EEC). The energy, exergy, and exergo-economic modelings of SVI-EEC are conducted in this study and compared with the modified solar-assisted vapor injection ejector-enhanced cycle (SE-MVIC) and the flash tank vapor injection cycle (FVIC). In addition, the performance of several low-GWP refrigerant mixtures (R13I1/R152a,R13I1/R161 and R13I1/R32), is investigated to advance the replacement of HFC refrigerants.The simulation results show that for the same compressor inlet mass flow, the <span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>h</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> of SVI-EEC is improved by 6.9% and 29.7% compared to SE-MVIC and FVIC, respectively. The <span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>h</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mi>Q</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> of R13I1/R152a at optimum injection pressure increased by 1.94% and 5.49%, respectively, compared to R134a. In summary, the proposed SVI-EEC system has excellence in performance and application potential, while R13I1/R152a has the potential to replace R134a.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"169 ","pages":"Pages 346-361"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feilong Zhan , Wenyi Zhou , Ziteng Yan , Guoliang Ding , Bao Yue , Feng Li , Ning Li , Yanpo Shao , Chao Ma , Huan Zhang
{"title":"Comparative investigation on water fouling characteristics in 5 mm and 7 mm tubes with smooth type and screwed type","authors":"Feilong Zhan , Wenyi Zhou , Ziteng Yan , Guoliang Ding , Bao Yue , Feng Li , Ning Li , Yanpo Shao , Chao Ma , Huan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Application of copper tubes with the diameter of 5 mm instead of 7 mm in chillers of central air conditioning systems is the development tendency due to the requirement of copper material saving. However, the heat transfer deterioration by water fouling precipitated in 5 mm tubes may be more serious than that in 7 mm tubes. The purpose of this paper is to comparatively investigate the water fouling characteristics on both 5 mm and 7 mm tubes. An accelerated experimental method of water fouling process was designed to quickly evaluate the fouling degree. Four tube types are tested, i.e. a 7 mm smooth tube, a 7 mm screwed tube, a 5 mm smooth tube and a 5 mm screwed tube, and these tubes are fabricated as flexible coiled tubes with total length of 200 cm. The results show that the water fouling process experiences the initiation, growth and stabilization stages in sequence, and the crystal form of fouling is in the vaterite, aragonite and schistosity patterns respectively. The fouling masses in 5 mm smooth tube and 5 mm screwed tube are respectively 42.1% and 16.9% larger than those in 7 mm smooth tube and 7 mm screwed tube, meaning that 5 mm tubes are more prone to form water fouling compared with 7 mm tubes; while the averaged fouling mass in screwed tubes is 2.8% lower than that in smooth tubes since screwed tubes are benefit to destroy the integrality of fouling layer and enhance the removal of deposited particulates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"169 ","pages":"Pages 334-345"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Li , Guixiang Lu , Huijuan Su , Mingxin Lyu , Yanhua Lai , Zhen Dong
{"title":"Experimental investigation on flow characteristics of regenerators considering variable fluid properties","authors":"Yan Li , Guixiang Lu , Huijuan Su , Mingxin Lyu , Yanhua Lai , Zhen Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A method was proposed to improve the accuracy of permeability and inertial resistance coefficient measurements for the flow characteristics of a regenerator, considering density and dynamic viscosity. Given the thickness of the porous medium at only 2 mm, and to simplify gradient data processing, the harmonic mean of the fluid density and dynamic viscosity was utilized. Various mesh counts of wire mesh and sintered powder filler were tested. The results showed that permeability decreased for both types of fillers as mesh count increased. Due to the high randomness inherent in the sintered powder, repeated tests were conducted, with errors being within 17 %. The inertial resistance coefficient fluctuated between 300 and 600 mesh counts, with a significant increase at 700 mesh. In contrast, the inertial resistance coefficient of the wire mesh increased consistently with the mesh count. The significant inertial resistance within the sintered powder was due to its irregularity, and a high positive correlation was observed between the regularity of the filler microstructure and the pressure drop across the regenerator. The flow characteristic correlations for two types of fillers were derived, applicable within the Reynolds number ranges of 6.54 to 99.17 for the wire mesh filler and 0.86 to 15.91 for the powder filler, with both exhibiting a goodness of fit exceeding 95 % being achieved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"169 ","pages":"Pages 362-371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chuancong Wan , Chaoyue Shi , Shaolong Zhu , Song Fang , Limin Qiu , Guoyou Shi , Dingfu Li , Shouqiang Shao , Kai Wang
{"title":"Comprehensive design and preliminary experiments of liquid hydrogen storage tank for trucks","authors":"Chuancong Wan , Chaoyue Shi , Shaolong Zhu , Song Fang , Limin Qiu , Guoyou Shi , Dingfu Li , Shouqiang Shao , Kai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.10.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.10.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the global demand for lower carbon emissions intensifies, the deployment of medium and small-scale liquid hydrogen (LH2) storage tanks in heavy-duty trucking and aviation is expected to increase. However, heat leakage into these cryogenic vessels leads to a continuous increase in tank pressure, potentially resulting in sudden hydrogen release and other safety concerns. While horizontal LH2 tanks demonstrate greater suitability in the transportation sector compared to vertical tanks, investigations in this domain remain scarce. Research on horizontal tanks is crucial for safe and efficient storage. Understanding these dynamics is essential for predicting temperature and pressure changes during self-pressurization, ensuring safe liquid hydrogen storage. This study designed and built a 500-liter horizontal liquid hydrogen tank for vehicle fuel storage, following ISO 13985 standards to ensure practical applicability. The project encompassed material selection, structural design, and both stress and thermodynamic analyses. Preliminary experiments were conducted using liquid nitrogen as a substitute for liquid hydrogen. Experiments assessed tank heat leakage, vapor-cooled shield insulation performance, thermal stratification, lossless storage time, and pressure changes during self-pressurization and steady-state evaporation. Results validate the efficiency of our pressure vessel design method for complex conditions, enhancing understanding of self-pressurization and thermal stratification in horizontal tanks. The vapor-cooled shield reduced heat leakage into the tank by 22.7%, decreasing the daily evaporation rate under liquid nitrogen conditions from 1.87 wt% to 1.5 wt%. and maintaining an initial liquid level of 50% extended the lossless storage time to 50 h in the LN2 scenario. These findings offer valuable insights for assessing the performance of subsequent liquid hydrogen experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"169 ","pages":"Pages 279-293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}