International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"AN UPDATED REVIEW ON ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES","authors":"Arifa Saeed","doi":"10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemistry is a branch which deals with the electricity production by chemical changes. This review is mainly concerned with the electrochemical methods. This technique uses the potential measurement by analyzing charges, which causes chemical changes to occur through Reactions.","PeriodicalId":142550,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132975689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HEPATITIS-A QUICK VIEW","authors":"R. Parveen, K. Ashiq, M. Bajwa, Mehwish Qayyum","doi":"10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Viral HepatitisEvery one of us has heard the word “hepatitis” and considered it a fatal disease. “Viral hepatitis” is the inflammation of the liver that is caused by a nasty family of viruses. Due to hepatitis, it is estimated that globally 1.34 million people died per year and it is also reported that about 80% of cases of liver cancer are only caused by hepatitis B and Hepatitis C together. The number of patients having this infection is amplifying each year, which is quite an alarming situation (1). \u0000Viral Hepatitis Modes of TransmissionHAV (Hepatitis A Virus) transmitted by the contaminated water (fecal-oral route), and for HBV (Hepatitis B Virus) and HBC (Hepatitis C Virus)There are mainly four modes of transmission, these are;1. Via blood2. Through sexually contact3. Through needle sharing during drug administration and4. From an infected mother to baby.Further, health care professionals who are dealing with the patients and their sample are also at higher risk.","PeriodicalId":142550,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences","volume":"15 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130604155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREVALENCE OF OSTEOPOROSIS AND ITS IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF PRE AND POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN","authors":"Wajeeha Ishtiyaq, A. Tariq, Azka Fatima","doi":"10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Globally, osteoporosis is one of the major health concerns as there is a drastic increase in incident of osteoporotic related fractures. It is a silent bone disease which is characterized by a progressive decrease in bone mass and density(2). In Pakistan, occurrence of osteoporosis is quite common among females and negatively affects patient’s quality of life.(6) \u0000Aims and Objectives: The aim of current study is to associate the osteoporosis prevalence in both pre and post menopause, and also to evaluate quality of life and its awareness. \u0000Methodology: A survey based study was conducted and data was collected from patients by using a questionnaireand analyzed by the application of statistics. \u0000Results: The results of current study have revealed that incidence of osteoporosis is greater in post menopausal women as compared to pre menopausal women. High occurrence of disease in post menopausal is due to a direct relationship between levels of estrogen and osteoporosis. In post menopausal women decrease level of estrogen enhances bone reabsorption which causes increase bone fragility. Hence, all the post menopausal women should be evaluated for osteoporosis. \u0000Conclusion: Lack of understanding about disease, imbalance diet, poor treatment and diagnosis increase the risk for developing osteoporosis. Furthermore severe pain, deprive of sleep and inability to do work also adds to the demotion in patient’s quality of life. So in order to reduce incidence rate and for the betterment in quality of patient’s life having osteoporosis, it is necessary to promote awareness, modification in life style, patient counseling, accessibility to treatment and prior diagnosis of disease","PeriodicalId":142550,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences","volume":"47 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120989833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPACT OF PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY","authors":"A. Aslam, Wajeeha Ishtiyaq","doi":"10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"We are living in an era of transformation and miracles happen each day. Biotechnology is the combination of two words “technology and biology”. The domain of Biotechnology is very wide in which cells or cellular parts, biological pathways and organisms are used to develop new innovative technologies. Novel procedures, tools and products are developing day by day, which are used in research, agriculture, industry and the health care system. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology is the application of biotechnology principles and procedures in the development of drugs. Pharmaceutical biotechnology is the quite innovative, dynamic and rapidly emerging field and driving a global alteration from illness to wellness. Since last few years, pharmaceutical biotechnology has played a key role in drug research and development, and innovatory changes have been happening in health care setups, especially in field of oncology, infectious diseases and metabolic disorders. Due to the Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, a groundbreaking transformation is occurred in the field of drug discovery. Various biotechnology techniques (i.e. cell culture, genetic modeling and immunochemistry) use in drug discovery and have also paved the way to explore new avenues of drug discovery that are beneficial to the mankind.","PeriodicalId":142550,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114351547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial of International Journal of Pharmacy and Integrated Health Sciences","authors":"A. Munir","doi":"10.56536/ijpihs.v3i1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/ijpihs.v3i1.27","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Readers, \u0000The field of International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences (IJPIHS) endeavors is all matters related to exchanging emerging ideas in pharmaceutical, biological, integrated health sciences, and health services research. We promote papers with methodological rigor, which is necessary to ensure that the findings drawn from the journal's publications are legitimate and credible. Peer review is still an important part of how we evaluate submitted manuscripts. We feel that peer review improves accepted papers when referees' suggestions and objections are addressed; this clear appraisal procedure also helps to build reader trust. I expect to continue to get a significant number of well-selected articles relevant to our preferred topics from all areas of pharmacy, as well as clinical data and research belonging to the field of pharmaceutical and biological sciences.","PeriodicalId":142550,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115066348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DRUG UTILIZATION REVIEW OF FLUOROQUINOLONES ANTIBIOTICS BY USING PRESCRIBING INDICATORS & COMPARISON OF DEFINE DAILY DOSE & PRESCRIBED DAILY DOSE IN OUTPATIENTS","authors":"","doi":"10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The increase in antibiotic resistance is new developing threat to healthcare system. Irrational drug use, polypharmacy and the current epidemic of bacterial resistance is attributed to the increase in use of antibiotics. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the difference between defined daily dose and prescribed daily dose of fluoroquinolones antibiotics. \u0000Methodology: Quantitative observational, retrospective study was carried out to measure the use of antibiotics, specifically Fluoroquinolones at northern region of Punjab, Nowshera Virkan, Tehsil of Gujranwala District, Pakistan. Total 300 patients were enrolled in this study. Data were collected from the patients of all age from either sex, by prescription review. Data included the drug name, strength and quantity. \u0000Results: 300 prescriptions were reviewed to evaluate the prescription pattern of fluoroquinolones in outpatients. Among the prescribing indicators, the average number of drugs per prescription was 4.5. Out of 300 prescriptions maximum number of drugs per prescription was 8 in only one prescription and minimum one drug was prescribed in 28(9.3) prescriptions. The number of prescriptions that contains the drugs without generic were 71(23.7) and which contains one drug with generic were 203(67.7). Encounter with antibiotic prescribed were 79.3%. Encounter with injection prescribed was 5.3%. All drugs were prescribed from Essential drug list (EDL). Ciprofloxacin was the most commonly prescribed followed by Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin. Defined daily dose and prescribed daily dose of Ciprofloxacin were same (1) but the prescribed daily dose of levofloxacin (0.5) was higher than the Defined Daily Dose (1). \u0000Conclusion: Irrational use of drugs, polypharmacy, over prescribing of antibiotics and brand prescribing were observed during the study. Lack of knowledge and nonadherence to the prescribing indicators are the major factors that contribute towards the irrational drug prescribing that ultimately lead towards the antibiotic resistance.","PeriodicalId":142550,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124263045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF ARMORACIA RUSTICANA","authors":"Anam Yasmeen, Faria Qayyum, Aneeba Ahmad Mughal, Oswa Amjad","doi":"10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Medicinal plants have been commonly used for the treatments of various ailments since pre – historic times. They are cheap and easily available with minimum toxic effects which make them more convenient to use. \u0000Objective: This study provides a deep insight to Armoracia rusticana, commonly known as Horseradish, highlighting its medicinal and botanical importance. \u0000Methodology: A total of 50 published research articles were thoroughly studied and data was fetched and formulated accordingly. \u0000Results: Armoracia rusticana is a perennial and annual crop. Its roots and leaves are used as medicaments. Horseradish extracts are obtained by hot and cold extraction techniques. Phytochemical analysis is followed by Spectroscopy and chromatography for structure analysis and isolation of therapeutic active compounds. Its phytoconstituents include essential oils, sinigrin, sinigrin derived allyl isothiocyanate and diallylsulphide, vitamin C, glucosinolates and many other compounds. The pungent aroma of Armoracia rusticana is attributed to allyl isothiocyanate. Another reported medicinal compound is Glucosinolate. These are sulfur containing compounds employed in the prevention of serious illnesses including cancer. \u0000Conclusion: The plant as a whole has wide therapeutic applications including anti – bacterial, anti – oxidant and anti – inflammatory action. Therefore it can be used as a basis for further research on its medicinally active constituents and properties.","PeriodicalId":142550,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129670023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HOW TO COPE WITH COVID-19: GLOBAL HEALTH AND ECONOMIC CRISIS","authors":"Bushra Naureen","doi":"10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"In December 2019, the first coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak was reported in Wuhan City, Hubei, China, and spread like wildfire, in a matter of days, throughout the globe. The COVID-19 common signs include pneumonia-like symptoms (shortness of breath, chest pain) along with fever and dry cough, which are closely associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). COVID-19 pandemic, like the Spanish and Swine flu, is a global health crisis concerning morbidity, mortality, and health emergency (1).The contagious and infectious nature of the COVID-19 pandemic has converted this health catastrophe into a global economic crisis as well. This is because underdeveloped countries have limited resources to provide healthcare facilities to the entire affected population. Thus, breaking the chain of COVID-19 spread via lockdown (along with timely testing, quarantine, and social distancing) is the best option to control the pandemic (2). A lockdown is one of the ways to prevent the chain of COVID-19 transmission. However, it may not be a feasible option, especially for countries like Pakistan, where it serves as it puts further pressure on the already struggling economy.","PeriodicalId":142550,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129171304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PHYTOCHEMICAL, FLUORESCENCE AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF POLY HERBAL EXTRACT","authors":"Rizwan Manzoor","doi":"10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Natural products and traditional medicines are of great importance. Such forms of medicine as traditional Chinese medicine, Ayurveda, Kampo, traditional Korean medicine, and Unani havebeen practiced in some areas of the world and have blossomed into orderly-regulated systems of medicine. Allium sativum L., crude drug (Liliaceae) used as herbal medicine to treat hyperglycemia, cancer, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stress and infections. Malus domestica B., fruit (Rosaceae) possess antioxidant, antiproliferative, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity and used for the treatment and prevention of asthma, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Capsicum annum L., crude drug (Solanaceae) is used as anti-diabetic, anti cancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective and antimicrobial agent. Foeniculum vulgare M., crude drug (Apiaceae) is used as antioxidant, antimicrobial, bronchodilatory, estrogenic, diuretic, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective and hypotensive agent. Curcuma longa L., crude drug (Zingiberaceae) is used various biological actions including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, antifertility, antidiabetic, anticoagulant, antiulcer and antimicrobial. \u0000Methodology: In the current study these five medicinal plants were purchased, authenticated and extracted by method of maceration. In this research work phytochemical screening, fluorescence analysis, antimicrobial (disc diffusion method) for both antibacterial (gram positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus lutes and gram-negative bacteria such as Serratia marcescens and Escherichia coli) and antifungal (Candida albican, and Aspergillus flavus), activity was performed in comparison with ciprofloxacin (standard disc for bacteria) and nystatin (standard disc for fungus). \u0000Results: Phytochemical evaluation indicates the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, phenol, resin and saponins. The poly herbal extract is moderately effective against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus lutes), active against gram negative bacteria (Serratia marcescens and Escherichia coli) and is less susceptible against Bacillus subtilis. It is active against Aspergillus flavus and Candida albican. \u0000Conclusion: The medicinal plants are effective to provide defense against microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":142550,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences","volume":"21 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132025853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF RED RASPBERRY FRUIT EXTRACT O/W COSMETIC EMULGEL","authors":"","doi":"10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56536/ijpihs.v1i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: The object of this study was to develop a stable O/W (oil-in-water) cosmetic emulgel of red raspberry fruit extract and its in vitro evaluation.Methodology: A base with no plant extract and a formulation with 4% extract of red raspberry were prepared and kept at different storage conditions in stability chambers i.e., 8, 25, and 40 °C, and 40 °C ±75% RH for a period of 12 weeks. Stability parameters i.e. color, phase separation, liquefaction, pH and electrical conductivity tests were performed at interval of 0, 24, 48, 72h and 7, 14, 21, 28, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days.Results: The results showed that there were unchanged organoleptic properties in terms of appearance, color and odor, unchanged properties after centrifugation and phase separation, and in terms of electrical conductivity and liquefaction. Significant change in pH of base and active formulation were observed with the passage of time.Conclusion: As a conclusion of this work a stable topical formulation of O/W emulgel carrying red raspberry fruit extract can be formulated and can be used for cosmetic purposes.","PeriodicalId":142550,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy & Integrated Health Sciences","volume":"28 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116566851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}