PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF ARMORACIA RUSTICANA

Abstract

Background: Medicinal plants have been commonly used for the treatments of various ailments since pre – historic times. They are cheap and easily available with minimum toxic effects which make them more convenient to use. Objective: This study provides a deep insight to Armoracia rusticana, commonly known as Horseradish, highlighting its medicinal and botanical importance. Methodology: A total of 50 published research articles were thoroughly studied and data was fetched and formulated accordingly. Results: Armoracia rusticana is a perennial and annual crop. Its roots and leaves are used as medicaments. Horseradish extracts are obtained by hot and cold extraction techniques. Phytochemical analysis is followed by Spectroscopy and chromatography for structure analysis and isolation of therapeutic active compounds. Its phytoconstituents include essential oils, sinigrin, sinigrin derived allyl isothiocyanate and diallylsulphide, vitamin C, glucosinolates and many other compounds. The pungent aroma of Armoracia rusticana is attributed to allyl isothiocyanate. Another reported medicinal compound is Glucosinolate. These are sulfur containing compounds employed in the prevention of serious illnesses including cancer. Conclusion: The plant as a whole has wide therapeutic applications including anti – bacterial, anti – oxidant and anti – inflammatory action. Therefore it can be used as a basis for further research on its medicinally active constituents and properties.