{"title":"Magnetic and visible light-induced novel green synthesized magnetic Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> photocatalysts via sunflower seed meal extract for anionic and cationic dye removal by adsorption assisted photocatalytic degradation.","authors":"Aleyna Akıllı, Bircan Haspulat Taymaz, Ayşenur Özler, Halime Ak, Ahmet Hancı, Handan Kamış","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2416998","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2416998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was aimed at the preparation of m-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs (magnetic Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles) from sunflower seed meal (SFSM) which is the waste of sunflower seed oil factories, and their application as a photocatalyst for the adsorption assistant photocatalysis degradation of methylene blue (MB), and direct yellow-50 (DY-50) under the visible irradiations. Also, the photocatalytic performance of m-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs was evaluated in synthetic wastewater. The produced m-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs were ferromagnetic with a saturation magnetization value of 4.3 emu g<sup>-1</sup> and the degradation of cationic MB and anionic DY-50 dyes by 100% and 93% in 20 min and 35 min, respectively, by adsorption-assisted photocatalytic process under visible light was achieved. The reactions were found to be pseudo-second-order equation for the adsorption-assisted photocatalytic process for both dyes. The photocatalytic activity of m-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs decreased slightly even after five repeated cycles. These results show that the m-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs can be used successfully in dye treatment in wastewater with their adsorption-assisted photocatalytic properties, activation by visible light, magnetic separability, and low-cost production.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"316-329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Sajid, Huijan Zhang, Hamza Amir, Cui Jing, Meiyu Ren, Zhenggui Wei
{"title":"Enhanced impacts of lanthanum on organic acid accumulation and transport in tomato plants compared to yttrium.","authors":"Ali Sajid, Huijan Zhang, Hamza Amir, Cui Jing, Meiyu Ren, Zhenggui Wei","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2025.2481948","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2025.2481948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study investigates the effects of lanthanum (La) and yttrium (Y) on the accumulation of these rare earth elements by tomato plants and their impact on organic acid profiles. Tomato seedlings were treated with varying concentrations of La and Y (0, 0.07, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, and 3.0 mmol L<sup>-1</sup>) in hydroponic solutions for 48 h. The roots' maximum La concentration reached 155.03 ± 6.20 µmol g<sup>-1</sup> DW, while Y showed a maximum concentration of 125.62 ± 5.02 µmol g<sup>-1</sup> DW. Both elements accumulated more in the roots than in the stems and leaves, suggesting a role in enhancing root metabolism and nutrient uptake. Analysis of organic acids revealed that La treatment significantly increased tartaric acid concentrations in roots, peaking at 25.37 ± 2.22 µmol g<sup>-1</sup> FW, and acetic acid levels reached 435.40 ± 14.82 µmol g<sup>-1</sup> FW. In contrast, Y treatment had a more modest effect, with formic acid levels rising from 103.38 ± 6.74 µmol g<sup>-1</sup> FW (control) to 169.11 ± 9.10 µmol g<sup>-1</sup> FW (1 mmol L<sup>-1</sup> Y), but there was no significant change in tartaric acid levels. These findings suggest that La more effectively stimulates specific metabolic pathways than Y. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms for sustainable agriculture practices under stress conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"1100-1109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Tayyab, Sumera Anwar, Fahad Shafiq, Umer Shafique, Cengiz Kaya, Muhammad Ashraf
{"title":"Adsorption isotherms and removal of lead (II) and cadmium (II) from aqueous media using nanobiochar and rice husk.","authors":"Muhammad Tayyab, Sumera Anwar, Fahad Shafiq, Umer Shafique, Cengiz Kaya, Muhammad Ashraf","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2412820","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2412820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions is a challenging task and the search for novel adsorbents is underway. This study examined the efficiency of nanobiochar (NB) and rice husk (RH) in the adsorption and removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from water. The effect of various physicochemical parameters such as initial pH, initial Cd and Pb concentration, adsorbent dosage, and contact time were tested. SEM/EDX images confirmed the adsorption of Pb and Cd with surface physical and chemical changes. The maximum Pb removal was noted at pH 6 using NB (96%) and at pH 8 for RH (90%), and the maximum Cd removal by NB was recorded at 8 pH (91%) and by RH at pH 6 (87%). The decline in adsorption intensity at lower pH suggested protonation of the adsorbent surface causing cation-cation repulsion. Most of the adsorption occurred within the initial 60 min. A continuous gradual increase in the adsorption with time suggested multilayer formation. Of the three isotherms, the Freundlich model fits the present data best, implying an infinite surface coverage and indicating the potential for multilayer adsorption of Pb and Cd on the surfaces of RH and NB adsorbents. In conclusion, this study highlights the promising potential of NB as a cost-effective adsorbent for the removal of Cd and Pb ions from aqueous solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"244-259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luqmon Azeez, Ayoade L Adejumo, Abayomi A Oladejo, Bukola Olalekan, Saheed Basiru, Oyeyinka K Oyelami, Abdulrahman O Makanjuola, Victoria Ogungbe, Aisha Hammed, Monsurat Abdullahi
{"title":"Exploiting the synergistic influence of AgNPs-TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs: enhancing phytostabilization of Pb and mitigating its toxicity in <i>Vigna unguiculata</i>.","authors":"Luqmon Azeez, Ayoade L Adejumo, Abayomi A Oladejo, Bukola Olalekan, Saheed Basiru, Oyeyinka K Oyelami, Abdulrahman O Makanjuola, Victoria Ogungbe, Aisha Hammed, Monsurat Abdullahi","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2412815","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2412815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, a composite of silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (AgNPs-TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) was examined for its synergistic effects on phytostabilization of lead (Pb) and mitigation of toxicity in cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L) Walp). Seeds of <i>V. unguiculata</i> were wetted with water, 0.05 and 0.1 mgL<sup>-1</sup> Pb and 25 mgmL<sup>-1</sup> each of AgNPs, TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs, and AgNPs-TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs. Root lengths of <i>V. unguiculata</i> were reduced by 25% and 44% at 0.05 and 0.1 mgL<sup>-1</sup> Pb, respectively, while shoot lengths were reduced by 2% and 7%. In <i>V. unguiculata</i>, AgNPs and TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs significantly improved physiological indicators and mitigated Pb effects, with TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs modulating physiological parameters more effectively than AgNPs. The composite (AgNPs-TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) synergistically regulated <i>V. unguiculata</i> physiology better than individual nanoparticles. Compared to individual AgNPs and TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs, the composite (AgNPs-TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs) synergistically increased antioxidant activity by 12% and 9%, and carotenoid contents by 88%. Additionally, AgNPs-TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs effectively reduced malondialdehyde levels by 29%, thereby mitigating the effects of Pb on <i>V. unguiculata</i> better than individual nanoparticles. AgNPs-TiO<sub>2</sub>NPs enhanced Pb immobilization by 57%, reducing its translocation from soil to shoots compared to <i>V. unguiculata</i> wetted with water. The bioconcentration and translocation factors of Pb indicate that phytostabilization was most effective when the composite was used.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"233-243"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142465379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating the impacts of a recirculation sedimentation application on microalgae biomass cultivation in wastewater treatment.","authors":"Ismail S Bostanci, Ebru Koca Akkaya","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2401967","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2401967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Commercial microalgae production is often interrupted by contamination, leading to short production cycles, reinoculation needs, and culture collapses, significantly increasing costs. This study focuses on investigating Recirculated Sedimentation Application (RSA) to control contamination in microalgae culture systems used for wastewater treatment. <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> culture was grown in an unsterilized mixture of tertiary treatment effluent and centrate of anaerobic digestion wastewater sludge over a 90-day experimental period. 60 L raceway reactor was operated under a light intensity of 275 μM m<sup>-2</sup>.s<sup>-1</sup> with a 16:8 h light-dark photoperiod. To evaluate the effect of RSA on biological-based problems, the experiment was conducted in three phases. The benefits of utilizing RSA were established through the following observations: effective removal of contaminants at an acceptable level without releasing the culture; extension of the biofilm formation time on the inner walls; inhibition of heterotrophic bacteria and nitrification; enhancement of the suspended solids retention capacity of the raceway tank (up to 770 mg.L<sup>-1</sup>); and improvement in ammonium removal rate to approximately 30 mg.L<sup>-1</sup>d<sup>-1</sup>. The ideal salinity level for both ammonium removal and biomass concentration in RSA should be below 0.02%. These findings demonstrate the potential of phycoremediation for sustainable wastewater treatment and contribute to environmental bioremediation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"96-107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D L Cobarrubias-Escamilla, H A Saldarriaga-Noreña, J Vergara-Sánchez, M A Murillo-Tovar, G E Moeller-Chávez
{"title":"Removal of ibuprofen, naproxen and 17-β-estradiol in water using <i>L. octovalvis</i> constructed wetlands.","authors":"D L Cobarrubias-Escamilla, H A Saldarriaga-Noreña, J Vergara-Sánchez, M A Murillo-Tovar, G E Moeller-Chávez","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2400619","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2400619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was developed to evaluate the removal potential of ibuprofen, naproxen and 17-β-estradiol in artificial wetlands constructed on a laboratory scale, using eight experimental devices planted with <i>L. octovalvis</i> species, tested with gravel substrate and without gravel substrate, which were fortified with synthetic mixtures at concentrations of 1, 2 and 5 mg/L of the three compounds, during a batch exposure time of nine days. The removal efficiency for 17-β-estradiol was 94.5 ± 2.47%, followed by ibuprofen 94.03 ± 1.96% and naproxen 81.57 ± 8.74%, respectively. The treatment with the highest removal was the one performed without the presence of gravel substrate. The highest removal efficiency occurred from the third day of exposure for the three compounds, so it was established as the optimum residence time. The model that best explained the adsorption process of the three compounds studied, was the Langmuir isotherm. The observed results demonstrate that <i>L. octovalvis</i> can be used as a native species in artificial wetlands for the efficient removal of pharmaceutical compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"74-83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laraib Saeed, Qasim Ali, Muhammad Aon, Iftikhar Ahmad, Ghulam Abbas, Zain Mushtaq, Hayssam M Ali, Usman Zulfiqar, Muhammad Faisal Maqsood, Muhammad Baqir Hussain, Zahir Ahmad Zahir
{"title":"Combined application of rhizobacteria, organic and inorganic amendments reduce lead and cadmium uptake and improve growth of chickpea by modulating physiology and antioxidant status.","authors":"Laraib Saeed, Qasim Ali, Muhammad Aon, Iftikhar Ahmad, Ghulam Abbas, Zain Mushtaq, Hayssam M Ali, Usman Zulfiqar, Muhammad Faisal Maqsood, Muhammad Baqir Hussain, Zahir Ahmad Zahir","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2444483","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2444483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to a lack of high-quality water, farmers have been compelled to use sewage water for irrigation, contaminating agricultural soils with multiple heavy metals. For the remediation of contaminated soil, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), pressmud (PM), and iron (III) oxide were used to improve the growth and phytostabilization potential of chickpea grown in contaminated soil. Contaminated soil was collected from a nearby field, receiving sewage and factory water over the last 60 years. Chickpea seeds were inoculated with metal-tolerant (lead and cadmium) rhizobacterial and rhizobial strains. It was observed that combined application of rhizobia, rhizobacteria, iron oxide, and pressmud improved shoot fresh weight (87%), root fresh weight (47.9%), root length (47.9%), nodules plant<sup>-1</sup> (2.58 folds), photosynthetic rate (63%) and grain yield (39%) of chickpea as compared to respective untreated control in contaminated soil. Moreover, a significant decrease in the lead (75.8 and 68.1%) and cadmium (81 and 72%) concentrations due to the combined application of rhizobacteria, rhizobia, iron oxide, and pressmud was observed in shoot and root of chickpea than respective control, respectively. It can be concluded that the contaminated soil with mixed metals can be remediated, and the growth and yield of chickpea can be improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"781-793"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Imran Khan, Qammar Farooq, Mujahid Ali, Muhammad Hayder Ali, Muhammad Naveed
{"title":"Integrated effects of microbial culture and nitrogen application on phytoremediation, physiology and growth of maize in glyphosate-contaminated soil.","authors":"Muhammad Imran Khan, Qammar Farooq, Mujahid Ali, Muhammad Hayder Ali, Muhammad Naveed","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2025.2464625","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2025.2464625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glyphosate can disrupt the food chain and harm non-target organisms, highlighting the need to remediate contaminated soils. This study sought to determine the efficacy of co-applying mixed microbial culture (MMC) and two different levels of nitrogen (50% and 100%) in glyphosate-contaminated soil (800 mg/kg) and to assess their role in maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) growth and physiology and glyphosate uptake by plants and removal from soil. The results showed that glyphosate posed significant phytotoxicity to maize plants by causing up to 43.7-91.5%, 8.60-54.3%, and 13.2-51.6% reduction in nutrient uptake, physiological, and growth attributes of maize plants in glyphosate-contaminated soil, respectively. The co-application of MMC and the recommended dose of 100% nitrogen significantly improved the agronomic (24.6-55.0%), nutrient uptake (37.4-90.0%), and physiological (16.9-54.0%) attributes of maize plants as compared to unamended contaminated controls. Although the individual application of MMC or N was effective in improving glyphosate removal from the soil, their co-application further enhanced this effect by removing glyphosate 85.8% higher than the respective control. This research strategy contributes to sustainable development goal 2 (zero-hunger) and 15 (life on land) by enhancing food production, remediating contaminated soil, and restoring the ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"991-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143407906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Profiling and metabolic analysis of microorganisms in bioretention cells vegetated with vetiver and cattail species treating nitrogen and phosphorous.","authors":"Sanjena Narayanasamydamodaran, Nawnit Kumar, Jian'e Zuo","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2025.2452942","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2025.2452942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioretention cells (BRCs) are increasingly used to treat nutrients in stormwater runoff, with plants known to enhance nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) uptake. This study investigated the role of rhizosphere microbial communities in TN, TP, and COD removal across three BRCs: an unvegetated control (CP), one vegetated with vetiver (P1), and another with cattail (P2). Detailed microbiome profiling revealed key taxa across phylum, family, and genus levels contributing to nutrient cycling, with P2 showing the highest species richness and diversity based on OTU counts and diversity indices. <i>Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria</i>, and <i>Verrucomicrobiota</i> were the most prominent phyla, aligning with their known roles in nutrient uptake. Key functional taxa included denitrifiers (<i>e.g.</i>, <i>Ramlibacter, TRA3-20</i>), Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria (AOBs) (<i>e.g.</i>, <i>MND1, Ellin 6067</i>), and Phosphate Accumulating Organisms (PAOs) (<i>e.g.</i>, <i>Comamonadaceae, Vicinamibacteria</i>), supporting TN (>79%) and TP (>84%) removal rates. Distinct microbial compositions between vegetated BRCs confirmed the role of root exudates in microbial selection and enhanced nutrient removal. These findings emphasize the importance of plant-specific rhizosphere effects and microbial selection in optimizing BRC design for stormwater treatment applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"861-873"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatih Doğan Koca, Haydar Matz Muhy, Mehmet Gökhan Halıcı
{"title":"Antioxidant and pH-dependent cationic and anionic dye degradation activities of optimum synthesized organic@inorganic Cu hybrid nanoflowers.","authors":"Fatih Doğan Koca, Haydar Matz Muhy, Mehmet Gökhan Halıcı","doi":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2424308","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15226514.2024.2424308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>First time in this study, hybrid Cu nanoflowers (Cu hNFs) were synthesized with <i>Cystosphaera jacquinotii</i> algae extract and the pH-dependent catalytic activities of hNFs synthesized under optimum conditions against brilliant blue and methylene blue dyes were determined. Ideal morphology of hNFs, were synthesized by using 1 ml extract in PBS (pH 7.4). The diameter and petal thickness of optimum synthesized hNF were 7-22 µm, and 35.5 nm, respectively. Main skeleton component (C, O, P, and Cu) of hNFs were determined by EDX. The presence of functional groups and primary phosphate crystals formed by Cu and phosphate reaction in the PBS buffer were confirmed by FT-IR analysis. The hNFs exhibited the antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.27 mg/ml, <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.6971) against to DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1- (2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl). hNFs degraded methylene blue and brilliant blue dyes at the highest at pH 9 (73.85%) and pH 5 (68.19%) media, respectively. Catalytic activities of hNFs against methylene blue and brilliant blue dyes were explained by Fenton mechanism. The findings are thought to be used in new type hNF synthesis and various environmental applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Phytoremediation","volume":" ","pages":"412-421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142620163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}