International Journal of Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"A neuroeconomic theory of obsessive-compulsive disorder.","authors":"Anıl Şafak Kaçar, Ahmed A Moustafa, Mubashir Hassan, Mustafa Zeki, Fuat Balcı","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2529226","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2529226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While there are many studies on the neural bases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), there is a dire need for a neurocomputational framework to explain its symptoms. To this end, we use the Expected Value of Control (EVC) theory to conceptualize the information processing deficits underlying OCD. Specifically, we argue that when experiencing obsessions, weak cognitive control is favored due to the affective cost of disregarding anxiety-provoking obsessions (akin to ignoring a fire alarm). This affective cost leads to the overvaluation of the cost of cognitive control (deeming it expensive), favoring automatic responses in the form of compulsions. We also exercise other ways by which OCD symptoms can be explained within the same theoretical framework. We ground our EVC-based neuroeconomic account in different neural systems implicated in OCD, including the orbitofrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and basal ganglia, which refer to different EVC constituents. Finally, we argue that input from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis to dACC introduces the key affective cost information to the estimation of EVC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal associations between neuroinflammation-related genes and intracerebral hemorrhage: an integrated study of Mendelian Randomization and gene functional analysis.","authors":"Quanming Zhou, Shejuan Wu, Yuanbao Kang","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2529232","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2529232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a life-threatening stroke subtype where neuroinflammation plays a crucial role. However, the genetic basis for neuroinflammation in ICH remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used Mendelian Randomization (MR) to investigate the causal impact of neuroinflammation-related genes on ICH risk. A two-sample MR analysis was conducted using genetic variants from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The primary analytical methods included the inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach, supplemented by MR-Egger regression and the weighted median method. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were employed to explore the biological mechanisms underlying these associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elevated expression of the CHUK gene was significantly associated with increased ICH risk (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.02-1.35, <i>p</i> = 0.0245 in the Ebi-ICH dataset; OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.03-1.52, <i>p</i> = 0.0252 in the Finn-ICH dataset). Similarly, the CTLA4 gene showed a strong association with ICH (OR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.10-1.52, <i>p</i> < 0.01 in the Ebi-ICH dataset; OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.02-1.47, <i>p</i> = 0.0264 in the Finn-ICH dataset). These results suggest that these genes contribute to ICH through mechanisms involving the NF-κB signaling pathway and immune regulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings reveal a significant genetic influence of CHUK and CTLA4 on ICH risk, provide potential targets for future therapeutic interventions, which could lead to the development of more effective treatment strategies for ICH.</p>","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early imaging biomarker of MRI within 1-cm margin surrounding surgical cavity predicting the progression of lower grade gliomas: dual-centers experience.","authors":"Wenfei Li, Xuedong Bai, Mengyu Cheng, Yanguo Li","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2529233","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2529233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>More than 80% of postoperative tumor recurrences were within 1 cm of the postoperative tumor margin; therefore, characterizing the cavity microenvironment with a 1 cm margin was valuable for early warning of the progress after Lower grade gliomas (LGGs) surgery.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the clinical utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values within 1 cm of the postoperative tumor margin for predicting the postoperative progression of LGGs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical and imaging data of patients with glioma from the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao and Affiliated Hospital of ChengDe Medical College were collected as the training group and external validation group, respectively. The mean ADC value within 1 cm of the margins surrounding the surgical cavity was measured by two senior radiologists. Patients were divided into high- and low-risk subgroups based on the optimal ADC threshold determined using the X-tile software. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed to capture the differences in progression-free survival (PFS) between the groups. The independent risk factors for PFS were determined using Cox proportional hazards models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The inter-observer agreement was significant for the max ADC (ICC = 0.902) and min ADC (ICC = 0.884). X-tile determined the optimal threshold of the training group to be 1345 × 10^-3 mm/s, dividing patients into low-risk and high-risk groups. The high-risk group exhibited a significantly shorter PFS than that of the low-risk group. In the external validation group, poor prognosis in the low-risk group was significantly correlated with mADC. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that the mADC was an independent risk factor for LGGs recurrence (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ADC values within 1-cm of the margin surrounding the residual cavity are risk factors for the first postoperative progression of LGGs, which should be added in routine postoperative surveillance protocols to predict the PFS of patients with LGG.</p>","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy observation, complications and nursing of enteral nutrition suspension in patients with acute ischemic stroke.","authors":"Jie Li, Huiying Huang, Ying Yan, Yanli Fu, Manfang Li, Wenhui Ju, Yang Cai, Qian Liu, Hongbo Chen","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2334368","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2334368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study focuses on exploring the efficacy observation, complications and nursing aspects of using enteral nutrition suspension in patients with acute ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 188 patients with acute ischemic stroke treated in the Neurology Department of our hospital from October 2022 to September 2023. Patients who received intermittent enteral nutrition and nursing interventions were included in the control group (n=96), while patients who received continuous enteral nutrition and nursing interventions were included in the treatment group (n=92). Relevant indicators data changes before and after treatment were recorded for each patient, along with the occurrence of complications in both groups, and statistical analysis was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The treatment group had fewer days in the ICU and total hospitalization days compared to the control group, with <i>p</i> < .05. Patients in the treatment group had higher levels of serum albumin and serum prealbumin than those in the control group, with <i>p</i> < .05. The occurrence of abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, bloating and acid reflux in the treatment group was lower than in the control group, with <i>p</i> < .05. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of adverse outcomes at discharge, death at discharge, cerebral hemorrhage, lung infection and gastrointestinal bleeding between the two groups (<i>p</i> > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The application of enteral nutrition suspension in patients with acute ischemic stroke effectively provides the necessary nutrients, maintains nutritional balance, promotes tissue repair and recovery and reduces the length of hospital stay.</p>","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"836-843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy and safety of sodium valproate versus levetiracetam in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Xiaolei Huang, Wenjia Lin, Jiayin Wang, Chubin Liu, Guan Wei, Jiawei Wang, Chaoyang Wang","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2332959","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2332959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To observe the efficacy and safety of sodium valproate (VPA) compared to levetiracetam (LEV) in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this blind, prospective study, eighty-four sTBI patients who had craniotomy from August 2021 to August 2023 were randomly split into two groups through random number table method: LEV and VPA, each with 42 patients. Both received comprehensive treatment post-craniotomy. LEV group: LEV injection on surgery day, transitioning to LEV tablets from day two. VPA group: VPA injection on surgery day, switching to VPA extended-release tablets from day two. The study compared hospital stay, neurological function, clinical outcomes, seizures, and drug reactions between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The length of hospital stay showed no significant difference between the LEV and VPA groups. Both groups demonstrated improved neurological function post-treatment (NIHSS and BI scores), with no significant between-group differences. Clinical outcomes at 3 months post-treatment were similar in both groups. Seizure occurrence within 3 months after treatment showed no significant difference between the LEV (19.05%) and VPA (23.81%) groups. However, the VPA group experienced a significantly higher rate of drug-related adverse reactions (40.48%) compared to the LEV group (21.43%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both VPA and LEV are effective in treating sTBI, showing no significant difference in improving neurological function, daily life abilities, treatment outcomes, and seizure occurrence. However, VPA treatment exhibited a significantly higher incidence of drug-related adverse reactions compared to LEV, indicating that LEV might be a safer option for sTBI treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"787-796"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140143377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A narrative review of risk factors and predictors for poor outcome and prolonged recovery after a mild traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Ioannis Mavroudis, Ioana-Miruna Balmus, Alin Ciobica, Mihai Hogas","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2328710","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2328710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) are often caused by a blow to the head or a sudden jolt resulting in a wide range of physical, cognitive, and emotional temporary symptoms. Mild TBI diagnosis can be challenging and most commonly followed by post-concussion syndrome (PCS). When the symptoms are present for more than 3 months, prolonged post-concussive syndrome (PPCS) can be suspected. This review aims to identify and summarize the current status of the knowledge regarding the risk factors and predictors of the recovery from PCS and PPCS. A comprehensive search of the main scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library) was performed using keywords, such as: 'prolonged post-concussion syndrome', combined with 'risk factors', 'predictors', and 'outcomes'. Multiple studies reported more than one risk factor for PPCS development following mTBIs that were generally the results of sports-related concussions and car accidents. The most prevalent risk factor associated with PPCS was the female sex. Social factors/personality traits, anxiety, mental health disorders, or other health conditions from their past medical history, the occurrence of headache/migraines during TBI recovery, somatization, physical activity, and litigation were also reported to contribute to PPCS risk. An exhaustive approach is required to mitigate the risk of PPCS and to ensure optimal recovery after concussive events. However, larger prospective cohort studies evaluating patients that were examined and treated with standardized protocols could be needed to further validate these associations and mandate the highest risk factors for delayed recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"761-770"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140093901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graded nutritional interventions in patients with dysphagia after stroke: an assessment of the effectiveness of therapeutic strategies for different swallowing functions.","authors":"Huafen Gu, Lingfei Wang, Donghong Cao, Wen Li, Min Ma","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2328706","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2328706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of graded nutrition intervention strategy in improving patients with different degrees of impaired swallowing function after stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>According to the way of nursing, the patients were divided into two group. The main outcome measure was Kota swallowing index (WSI) score, and the secondary outcome was complications during the intervention. SF-36 scale was used to evaluate the improvement of quality of life before and intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The WSI score in the control group was 62.34 ± 10.23 at 1 week after treatment, 70.52 ± 13.45 at 6 weeks after treatment, and 80.48 ± 9.87 at 12 weeks after treatment, while that in the intervention group was 71.45 ± 9.68 at 1 week after treatment, 75.81 ± 11.78 at 6 weeks after treatment, and 84.12 ± 14.32 at 12 weeks after treatment. The WSI scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group (<i>t</i> = 5.634, <i>p</i> < 0.001), suggesting better swallowing function of the patients The incidence of pulmonary infection, malnutrition and gastroesophageal reflux in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was no significant difference in throat inflammation and dehydration between the two groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). In addition, graded nutrition interventions significantly improved patients' quality of life, including dimensions of physical functioning, role physics, physical pain, and social functioning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with conventional treatment, personalized graded nutrition intervention can significantly improve the swallowing function and reduce the pulmonary infection rate in patients with swallowing disorders after stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"746-751"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140143379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral watershed infarcts due to hypoperfusion in the context of drug abuse: case report.","authors":"Aine Redmond, Paraschos Archontakis-Barakakis, David-Dimitris Chlorogiannis, George Ntaios, Theodorοs Mavridis","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2333480","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2333480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Watershed infarcts (WIs) are a distinct type of stroke with a varying clinical presentation that affects the border areas between the territories of two cerebral arteries and are typically associated with hemodynamic impairment and internal carotid artery stenosis. However, there is a paucity of data concerning its association with the history of recreational substance and drug abuse.</p><p><strong>Methods/case report: </strong>This case report presents a unique instance of bilateral internal watershed infarcts in a 23-year-old male with a history of polysubstance abuse, including methadone and cocaine. The patient's presentation included confusion, lower limb weakness, and systemic complications such as acute liver injury and myonecrosis, underlying the complexity of the clinical scenario.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The investigation revealed no evidence of arterial stenosis or thrombosis, leading to the conclusion that the infarctions were likely precipitated by a total loss of consciousness due to substance abuse-related cerebral hypoperfusion and vasoconstriction. Methadone and cocaine, both implicated in vasoconstriction, lowering the seizure threshold and contributing to QTc prolongation, thus leading to loss of consciousness, were identified as potential triggers for the episode.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the young adult population, it is important to consider drug abuse as an etiological trigger for watershed infarcts, whereas the multi-system involvement and atypical presentation highlight the need for a comprehensive approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"822-826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of recombinant human epidermal growth factor on neuropathic pain associated with radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies and nursing strategy.","authors":"Ying Hong, Zhi Cheng, Lan Xu, Qingqing Tang, Juan Gao","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2334374","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2334374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) on radiotherapy-related neuropathic pain in patients with head and neck malignancies, and to explore comprehensive nursing strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, a total of 80 patients diagnosed with head and neck malignancy and receiving radiotherapy were divided into 2 groups according to treatment. Patients in the control group received conventional radiation therapy and postoperative care, and those in the trial group received rhEGF in addition to conventional radiation therapy and care. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the pain degree of patients before and after treatment, EORTC QLQ-C30 scale was used to evaluate the quality of life of patients before and after treatment, and the skin and mucosal reactions of patients after radiotherapy were observed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. VAS scores in the trial group were significantly lower than those in the control group during and after radiotherapy (<i>p <</i> 0.001), and skin and mucosal reactions were less severe (<i>p <</i> 0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, the quality of life and symptom scores of the trial group were significantly improved after treatment (<i>p <</i> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>rhEGF can effectively alleviate neuropathic pain during and after radiotherapy in patients with head and neck malignancies, improve skin and mucosal response, and improve quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"844-850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes and practices of general practitioners on peripheral neuropathies in Benin in 2021.","authors":"Dieu Donné Gnonlonfoun, Arlos Sowanou, Pupchen Gnigone, Antoine Gbessemehlan, Blaise Choki, Mendinatou Agbetou, Richard Houeze, Rhodya Agassounon, Anderson Metogbe Hountovo, Thierry Adoukonou, Julien Magne, Farid Boumediene, Pierre-Marie Preux, Dismand Houinato","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2328709","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2024.2328709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>First healthcare actors in neurological diseases management, General Practitioners (GPs) still limited in the assessment of Peripheral Neuropathies (PN). This study assesses the knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP) of GPs on PN in Benin in 2021 and identifying associated factors to low KAP.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>It was a cross-sectional study conducted from 20 November 2020 to 30 June 2021 which included GPs registered in the National Order of Physicians in Benin and interns in last year of medical studies (MS). An overall KAP score of 24 points was derived. KAP levels were low (score < 17), medium (17 to 19) and high (score ≥ 20). Multivariable regression models were performed to identify factors associated with low KAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>645/1,066 participants (60.5%) were included in the study with median age 28 years [Interquartile range IQR: 26-30 years], and 442 (68.5%) were male. The KAP level was low in 70.1%. 16.7% had a low knowledge of polyneuropathy manifestations, 35% perceived PN as an incurable disease. Lack of knowledge on PN before MS (adjusted Odds-ratio aOR = 1.6 [95% confidence interval CI: 1.1-2.3]), and no postgraduate training on PN (aOR = 1.8 [95% CI: 1.--3.0]) were associated with low overall KAP level. Working in rural area (aOR = 0.4 [95%CI: 0.2-0.7]), and being an intern (aOR = 0.6 [95%CI: 0.4-0.9]) were associated with better overall KAP level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the need for better training with strong emphasis on PN during the MS and the organization of postgraduate training for GPs; the cornerstone for improving the management of PN in Benin.</p>","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"752-760"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140093902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}