International Journal of Neuroscience最新文献

Purinergic signaling: a novel therapeutic target in depression. 嘌呤能信号：抑郁症的新治疗靶点。

IF 1.5 4区医学

International Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2026.2666245

Qianqian Cui, Yunxiao Li, Shuangqi Gao, Haiyun Zhou, Yan Peng

{"title":"Purinergic signaling: a novel therapeutic target in depression.","authors":"Qianqian Cui, Yunxiao Li, Shuangqi Gao, Haiyun Zhou, Yan Peng","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2666245","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2666245","url":null,"abstract":"Major depressive disorder, as a common neuropsychiatric disorder, has a complex pathogenesis that has not yet been fully elucidated, posing significant challenges to clinical treatment. In recent years, the role of the purinergic signaling system in the pathophysiological processes of depression has garnered increasing attention. The purinergic signaling primarily involves extracellular purine compounds such as ATP and adenosine, which act as transmitters by binding to their corresponding purine receptors (P1 and P2). Purinergic signaling can participate in depression by affecting the function of astrocytes, neuronal plasticity, and the activity of microglia. This paper systematically reviews the latest research advancements in purinergic signaling related to depression by searching for articles on the PubMed using the keywords 'purinergic' OR 'ATP' OR 'adenosine' and 'depression'. It focuses on the molecular mechanisms of action and discusses the limitations and controversial issues present in current research, aiming to provide new theoretical foundations and treatment strategies for the precise treatment of depression.","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147814660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scalable quantum non-local neural network optimised with the tyrannosaurus algorithm for brain tumour detection using MRI images. 基于暴龙算法优化的可扩展量子非局部神经网络用于MRI图像脑肿瘤检测。

IF 1.5 4区医学

International Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2026.2656322

Pabitha Chidambaram, Gaurav Agrawal, Guganathan Loganathan, Anupama Jaiprakash

{"title":"Scalable quantum non-local neural network optimised with the tyrannosaurus algorithm for brain tumour detection using MRI images.","authors":"Pabitha Chidambaram, Gaurav Agrawal, Guganathan Loganathan, Anupama Jaiprakash","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2656322","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2656322","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Early and reliable detection of brain tumours using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for timely diagnosis and effective treatment planning. However, automated tumour detection remains challenging due to tumour heterogeneity, complex brain anatomy, image noise, and the limited ability of many deep learning models to capture both global and fine-grained features. Existing approaches also often suffer from high computational complexity and limited generalisability across datasets.Objective: This study aims to develop an efficient and robust automated framework for accurate brain tumour detection from MRI images while addressing limitations related to feature representation, computational efficiency, and model generalisability.Methods: A novel framework integrating advanced preprocessing techniques, accurate tumour segmentation, hierarchical feature extraction, and optimised classification is proposed. The model was evaluated using two publicly available benchmark datasets, BraTS 2018 and Figshare, comprising multi-class brain tumour MRI images with different tumour types and grades.Results: The proposed framework achieved superior performance, with classification accuracy reaching up to 99.8%. Comparative analysis demonstrated improvements in precision, recall, and F1-score over existing state-of-the-art methods. The model also exhibited enhanced feature representation capabilities and reduced computational errors when processing complex tumour structures.Conclusion: The proposed approach provides a reliable and efficient computer-aided diagnostic tool for brain tumour detection. Its high accuracy and robustness across datasets make it a promising tool for assisting clinicians in early diagnosis and informed decision-making, thereby potentially improving clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147673411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness as a marker of neurodegeneration in epilepsy. 视网膜神经纤维层厚度作为癫痫神经退行性变的标志。

IF 1.5 4区医学

International Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2026.2664786

Mohammed M Masoud, Aya Abd-El Monem Mohamed, Mona Hussein, Asmaa Mohamad Samir, Shaima Hossam El-Dien Kamel, Alaa M Essam

{"title":"Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness as a marker of neurodegeneration in epilepsy.","authors":"Mohammed M Masoud, Aya Abd-El Monem Mohamed, Mona Hussein, Asmaa Mohamad Samir, Shaima Hossam El-Dien Kamel, Alaa M Essam","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2664786","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2664786","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The relationship between epilepsy and neurodegeneration has recently been a subject of debate, particularly regarding whether neurodegeneration is a cause or a consequence of epilepsy. Given that the retina is an extension of the brain and closely connected to it, retinal layer thickness can serve as a biological marker of neurodegeneration. The aim of this work was to measure retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with epilepsy in comparison to healthy controls, and to study the impact of epilepsy duration and seizure frequency on RNFL thickness in those patients.Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 53 patients matched clinical definition of epilepsy established by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) 2017, and 50 healthy controls. Cognitive assessment using Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MOCA), and measurement of RNFL thickness using Spectral domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT), were done to all included patients and controls.Results: The peripapillary RNFL thickness (superior, inferior & average) were all significantly reduced in both eyes in epileptic patients compared to healthy controls (p-value <0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between epileptic patients and controls regarding MOCA score. There was no statistically significant impact of seizure control, history of status epilepticus, anti-epileptic drugs, seizure frequency, or disease duration on RNFL thickness.Conclusion: There was a statistically significant reduction of the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in epileptic patients in comparison to healthy controls. Epileptic patients had significant impairment in cognitive functions in comparison to healthy controls.","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147814622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The predictive value of serum CXCL2 and CXCL8 levels for early neurological deterioration in patients with penetrating artery disease-type ischaemic stroke. 血清CXCL2和CXCL8水平对穿透动脉疾病型缺血性脑卒中患者早期神经功能恶化的预测价值

IF 1.5 4区医学

International Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2026.2664028

Yi Zhong, Bei Liu

{"title":"The predictive value of serum CXCL2 and CXCL8 levels for early neurological deterioration in patients with penetrating artery disease-type ischaemic stroke.","authors":"Yi Zhong, Bei Liu","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2664028","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2664028","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate whether serum C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) predict early neurological deterioration (END) in penetrating artery disease (PAD)-type ischaemic stroke.Methods: This retrospective study included 146 PAD patients (June 2022-October 2024). Patients were stratified into END (n = 22) and non-END (n = 124) groups. Bioinformatics analysis using the GEO database and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis were performed. Serum CXCL2 and CXCL8 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pearson correlation, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and logistic regression analyses were performed, followed by nomogram construction.Results: Bioinformatics analysis revealed CXCL2 and CXCL8 upregulation in cerebral infarction. END patients were older, had prolonged onset-to-admission times, higher admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores, and a higher branch atheromatous disease prevalence (all p < 0.05). END patients had elevated serum CXCL2 and CXCL8 levels (p < 0.05), which were positively correlated (r = 0.202, p = 0.015). ROC analysis indicated that the combination of CXCL2 and CXCL8 produced an area under the curve of 0.799 (95% CI: 0.720-0.878), outperforming individual markers. LASSO regression identified age, CXCL2, and CXCL8 as key variables. Multivariate analysis revealed age (OR = 1.140, 95% CI: 1.053-1.235, p = 0.001), CXCL2 (OR = 1.024, 95% CI: 1.006-1.043, p = 0.008), and CXCL8 (OR = 1.009, 95% CI: 1.003-1.016, p = 0.003) as independent END risk factors. The nomogram demonstrated excellent discrimination (training: 0.874; validation: 0.856) and good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow p > 0.05).Conclusions: Serum CXCL2 and CXCL8 demonstrate potential as biomarkers for identifying END in acute PAD.","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147771116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic evidence for the causal relationship between cerebrospinal fluid metabolites and intracranial aneurysms: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. 脑脊液代谢物与颅内动脉瘤因果关系的遗传证据：一项双向双样本孟德尔随机化研究

IF 1.5 4区医学

International Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2025.2611329

Rong Xiao, Wen Zhang

{"title":"Genetic evidence for the causal relationship between cerebrospinal fluid metabolites and intracranial aneurysms: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Rong Xiao, Wen Zhang","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2611329","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2611329","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Intracranial Aneurysms (IA) are life-threatening cerebrovascular diseases, and their pathogenesis remains not fully understood. This study aims to systematically evaluate the causal relationship between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites and IA through bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.Methods: Using genome-wide association study data from public databases, the primary analysis was conducted with inverse variance weighting, supplemented by MR-Egger regression, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode. Sensitivity analyses were performed using heterogeneity tests, horizontal pleiotropy tests, and leave-one-out analyses to ensure the stability of the results.Results: Forward MR analysis revealed that 1-arachidonoyl-gpc (20:4n6), 2'-deoxyuridine, 3-hydroxystachydrine, 5-hydroxyhexanoate, isobutyrylcarnitine (C4), phenylacetylglutamine, and X-10457 were protective factors for IA. In contrast, 2-hydroxybutyrate/2-hydroxyisobutyrate, arabonate/xylonate, argininosuccinate, citrate, cysteinylglycine disulfide, and isovalerate were identified as risk factors for IA. Reverse MR analysis showed a significant causal relationship between IA and changes in the concentrations of 14 CSF metabolites. Sensitivity analyses indicated the robustness of these findings.Conclusions: This study, through bidirectional MR analysis, uncovered the causal relationship between CSF metabolites and IA, highlighting the significant roles of various amino acids and lipid metabolites in the pathophysiology of IA. These metabolites not only provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying IA but also present potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, offering theoretical support for early intervention and prevention strategies for the disease.","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"618-628"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145862451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep learning-based epileptic seizure detection from EEG signals and PPG signals using LSTM and CNN models. 基于LSTM和CNN模型的脑电信号和PPG信号的深度学习癫痫发作检测

IF 1.5 4区医学

International Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-27 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2026.2621855

Aruna Devi B

{"title":"Deep learning-based epileptic seizure detection from EEG signals and PPG signals using LSTM and CNN models.","authors":"Aruna Devi B","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2621855","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2621855","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent and unpredictable seizures that significantly affect patients' health and quality of life. Conventional diagnosis relies heavily on continuous electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring, which requires clinical expertise and is not well suited for real-time detection. To address these challenges, this article presents a hybrid deep learning framework that integrates convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and long short-term memory (LSTM) models for automated epileptic seizure (ESD) detection using multimodal EEG and Photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals. Unlike EEG-only approaches, the inclusion of PPG provides complementary physiological information, such as autonomic fluctuations, seizure-induced heart rate variability (HRV) changes and peripheral vascular responses - which strengthens the model's discriminative capability, particularly in cases where EEG signatures alone are subtle or ambiguous. In the proposed framework, CNNs effectively extract spatial patterns from the preprocessed biosignals, while LSTMs capture temporal dependencies associated with seizure evolution. Data preprocessing steps including filtering, normalization, segmentation and augmentation are applied to enhance signal quality and model generalization. The hybrid CNN-LSTM model is evaluated on benchmark EEG-PPG datasets using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, Cohen's Kappa, Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) and Critical Success Index (CSI). Comparative analysis with existing state-of-the-art models demonstrates superior performance and robustness. Overall, the proposed multimodal deep learning system offers a reliable and efficient solution for real-time seizure detection, with strong potential for deployment in wearable and clinical healthcare platforms.","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"695-709"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioinformatic identification and clinical validation of VIM and OSM as prognostic biomarkers in cerebral infarction: implications for risk stratification. VIM和OSM作为脑梗死预后生物标志物的生物信息学鉴定和临床验证：风险分层的意义。

IF 1.5 4区医学

International Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2025.2601618

Changyan Fan, Chaosheng Li, Chenyan Sui, Likun Han, Yong Liu

{"title":"Bioinformatic identification and clinical validation of VIM and OSM as prognostic biomarkers in cerebral infarction: implications for risk stratification.","authors":"Changyan Fan, Chaosheng Li, Chenyan Sui, Likun Han, Yong Liu","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2601618","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2601618","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Reliable molecular biomarkers for predicting cerebral infarction outcomes remain limited, highlighting the need for integrative approaches that bridge bioinformatic discovery with clinical validation.Objective: To identify key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) prognostic for cerebral infarction and evaluate their clinical utility for risk stratification through integrated bioinformatic analysis and prospective cohort validation.Methods: Functional annotation employed GO enrichment and protein-protein interaction network analysis. A prospective cohort enrolled 151 cerebral infarction patients, with peripheral blood samples subjected to qPCR analysis of candidate genes. Prognostic predictive capacity was assessed via multivariable Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and ROC curve analysis with clinical follow-up data.Results: Five candidate DEGs (VIM, OSM, PTGS2, SOD2, SAMSN1) were identified, enriched in inflammatory response, nitric oxide metabolism, and lipopolysaccharide response pathways. qPCR confirmed significantly elevated VIM, OSM, and PTGS2 expression in poor prognosis group (p < 0.01). Multivariable Cox regression identified VIM (HR = 4.475), OSM (HR = 2.800), and homocysteine (Hcy; HR = 1.120) as independent prognostic risk factors. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated significantly reduced survival in high-expression groups (all p < 0.01). The combined model integrating VIM, OSM, and Hcy achieved superior predictive performance (AUC = 0.811; sensitivity 72.55%, specificity 78.00%, Youden's index 0.506) compared to VIM alone (AUC = 0.760).Conclusion: VIM and OSM exhibit robust bioinformatic associations and stable expression with independent prognostic value in clinical cohorts.","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"577-590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145714194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

FAS rs2234767 polymorphism confers protection against glioma: a case-control study in Chinese population. FAS rs2234767多态性对神经胶质瘤具有保护作用：一项在中国人群中的病例对照研究

IF 1.5 4区医学

International Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2026.2620705

Xiuli Huang, Jiang Ran, Li Liang, Weibin Li, Juan Tang, Leping Ning

{"title":"FAS rs2234767 polymorphism confers protection against glioma: a case-control study in Chinese population.","authors":"Xiuli Huang, Jiang Ran, Li Liang, Weibin Li, Juan Tang, Leping Ning","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2620705","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2620705","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Genetic polymorphisms in apoptosis-related genes FAS/FASL may influence susceptibility to glioma, but evidence remains limited, particularly in Chinese populations. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between gene polymorphisms in FAS (rs2234767 and rs1800682) and FASL (rs763110 and rs6700734) and glioma risk in a Chinese cohort.Methods: This case-control study included 107 glioma patients and 110 healthy controls. Four polymorphisms were genotyped using TaqMan real-time PCR. The associations between these genetic variants and glioma risk were evaluated via logistic regression after adjusting for relevant covariates. Furthermore, subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) R132H status and histological grade were performed, along with a haplotype-based analysis.Results: The FAS rs2234767 GA genotype was associated with a significantly reduced glioma risk compared to the GG genotype (adjusted OR = 0.461, 95% CI: 0.232-0.917, p = 0.027). This protective effect was particularly evident in the Han subgroup (adjusted OR = 0.275, 95% CI: 0.106-0.716, p = 0.008), IDH1 R132H-positive cases (adjusted OR = 0.362, 95% CI: 0.148-0.884, p = 0.026) and low-grade gliomas (adjusted OR = 0.350, 95% CI: 0.133-0.922, p = 0.034). No notable associations were observed for FASL variants. Haplotype analyses revealed no significant associations.Conclusions: This study suggests a potential protective role of the FAS rs2234767 GA genotype against glioma in the Chinese population, particularly among Han individuals, IDH1 R132H-positive cases and low-grade gliomas. The findings, while insightful, require validation in larger cohorts. Future research should integrate molecular profiling and functional assays to clarify the underlying mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"686-694"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146018456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond the impact: emerging therapies shaping the future of post-concussion recovery. 超越影响：塑造脑震荡后恢复未来的新兴疗法。

IF 1.5 4区医学

International Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2025.2610611

Muhammad Liaquat Raza, Syed Tawassul Hassan, Wajiha Fatima, Noorulain Hyder, Zoha Turabee

{"title":"Beyond the impact: emerging therapies shaping the future of post-concussion recovery.","authors":"Muhammad Liaquat Raza, Syed Tawassul Hassan, Wajiha Fatima, Noorulain Hyder, Zoha Turabee","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2610611","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2025.2610611","url":null,"abstract":"Persistent post-concussion symptoms can greatly affect a person's life, thinking abilities, and their capacity to go back to normal daily tasks. This narrative review gives a detailed look at new treatments for ongoing symptoms after a concussion. It includes methods like brain stimulation, medications, and holistic approaches. We searched for information using PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, looking for keywords like 'post-concussion syndrome', 'neuromodulation', 'rehabilitation', 'cognitive behavioral therapy', 'vestibular therapy', and 'medications. 'This review talks about how each therapy works, the proof from clinical trials, and practical tips for using them. Methods like transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation could help improve thinking skills and mood problems. Medicines like amantadine and zolpidem may help treat certain symptoms. Methods like aerobic exercise, balance training, and talk therapy provide overall benefits. The review also points out future areas to explore, like stem cell treatment, using virtual reality for rehab, timing treatments better, and using light therapy. This review looks at new information and trends to help doctors and researchers understand the latest ways to treat ongoing symptoms after a concussion. It also aims to guide future studies in this important field.","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"600-617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145849858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A patent review on traumatic brain injuries (2020-2025). 外伤性脑损伤专利综述（2020-2025）

IF 1.5 4区医学

International Journal of Neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2026.2620698

Khyati Sharma, Deepak Agrawal, Reema Gabrani

{"title":"A patent review on traumatic brain injuries (2020-2025).","authors":"Khyati Sharma, Deepak Agrawal, Reema Gabrani","doi":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2620698","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00207454.2026.2620698","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a leading cause of disability and death worldwide, with no FDA-approved therapies capable of halting or reversing secondary injury cascades.Areas covered: Recent years (2020-2025) have witnessed a surge in patent activity targeting diagnostic innovations, biomarker integration, and therapeutic strategies in TBI. Diagnostic advances include multimodal platforms that combine blood-based biomarkers, imaging modalities, and physiological monitoring to enhance early detection and stratification. Biomarker-driven patents, particularly those centered on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), neurofilament light chain (NfL), and p-tau, have demonstrated translational value by enabling point-of-care testing and guiding therapeutic decisions. Therapeutic patents encompass a wide range of innovations, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents, metabolic and vascular stabilizers, regenerative approaches, and advanced drug delivery systems designed to bypass the blood-brain barrier. Importantly, multimodal therapeutic strategies that integrate neuroprotection, neuro-restoration, and functional recovery are gaining momentum.Expert opinion: Innovations in patents, such as breath-based sensors, eye-tracking systems, and non-invasive technologies, are expanding the possibilities for rapid, point-of-care testing. On the therapeutic side, patents focusing on monoclonal antibodies, neuroactive steroids, neuroprotective peptides, and site-specific delivery systems show promise; however, most candidates are still in preclinical or early clinical stages.","PeriodicalId":14161,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"650-664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146029451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0