International Journal of Energy Research最新文献

{"title":"Utilizing Fuzzy Logic Control and Neural Networks Based on Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Improve Power Quality in Doubly Fed Induction Generator-Based Wind Turbine System","authors":"Karim Fathi Sayeh,&nbsp;Salah Tamalouzt,&nbsp;Djamel Ziane,&nbsp;Abdellah Bekhiti,&nbsp;Youcef Belkhier","doi":"10.1155/er/5985904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/5985904","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This article presents novel artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques for controlling wind energy conversion systems, specifically fuzzy logic control and neural networks, known as fuzzy hysteresis-direct power control (FH-DPC) and neural hysteresis-DPC (NH-DPC), respectively. The primary purpose is to overcome conventional DPC (C-DPC) limitations in doubly fed induction generator wind turbines (WT-DFIG), focusing on power quality improvement and enhanced system efficiency. The techniques aim to reduce power ripples and improve the quality of alternating current (AC) grid energy by improving current signal quality in all WTs’ operation modes with WT-DFIG and all compensation power modes. The suggested techniques are thoroughly examined using the MATLAB/Simulink environment under various wind scenarios, demonstrating a reduction in active power ripples by over 70%, a reduction in reactive power ripples of around 77% on average, a decrease in generated current total harmonic distortions (THDs) by over 70% compared to C-DPC. The performances of FH-DPC and NH-DPC are contrasted with C-DPC and other previously suggested methods, and it is concluded that the proposed control approaches perform more effectively than them regarding ripples in local reactive compensation and generated active powers as well as THD currents, with FH-DPC slightly outperforming NH-DPC. The research indicates that AI can enhance the effectiveness and quality of power generated by wind-power systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/5985904","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing a Revenue Forecast Scheme for Analog Ensemble Method Applied Solar PV Forecasting in South Korea","authors":"F. E. del Pozo Jr.,&nbsp;C. K. Kim,&nbsp;H. G. Kim,&nbsp;C. Y. Yun","doi":"10.1155/er/5529459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/5529459","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Power companies have found that solar irradiance forecasting is a reliable method for anticipating and preparing for the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources (RESs). However, when the percentage of RESs in the energy mix rises, there is a negative correlation between forecasting accuracy and process error, which could impact not only the grid but also the whole RES’s economic sustainability. In order to tackle this problem, this paper examines the economic implications of employing the Analog Ensemble (AnEn) forecasting model within Korea’s solar energy sector. The levelized cost of energy (LCOE) model and the revenue prediction model are applied to assess the efficacy of the AnEn. The proposed revenue scheme scheme was initiated on a 1 MW photovoltaic (PV) ground-type power plant deployed in the mainland of South Korea. Various methods have been examined to assess the financial benefit of utilizing the AnEn, such as forecast verification and LCOE and revenue forecast scheme. Key findings reveal that the AnEn model consistently outperforms traditional models in terms of accuracy, particularly during critical solar peak months. This improved accuracy translates into more reliable predictions of solar irradiance, essential for minimizing overestimations and supporting realistic financial planning. Furthermore, the paper explores the economic incentives implemented by the Korean government to encourage precision in energy forecasting, including a structured incentive scheme tied to forecast accuracy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/5529459","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technoeconomic Feasibility of Renewable Energy Systems for Sporting Stadiums","authors":"Latif Bukari Rashid,&nbsp;Adamu Musah,&nbsp;Richmond Kwesi Amoah","doi":"10.1155/er/9701161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/9701161","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The 2024 Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON) in Côte d’Ivoire highlighted the substantial energy demands of major sporting events, traditionally met by conventional, and nonrenewable sources. This study investigates the technoeconomic feasibility and environmental benefits of integrating solar and wind energy systems into the six stadiums used for the 2024 AFCON to enhance sustainability, long-term economic benefits, and reduced carbon emissions. Utilizing the hybrid optimization of multiple electric renewables (HOMER) software for simulation and optimization, and the engineering equation solver for mathematical modeling, this study assesses the energy demand and potential renewable energy contributions for stadiums in Abidjan, Yamoussoukro, Bouaké, Korhogo, and San Pedro. The findings reveal that grid purchases dominate the energy mix across all cities, with varying contributions from solar and wind energy. Abidjan achieves 20.1% renewable energy penetration, while San Pedro reaches 69.9%. The proposed hybrid renewable energy systems offer substantial economic benefits, including payback periods of less than 2 years and high internal rates of return (IRR), with surplus energy generated in some locations potentially sold back to the grid. Additionally, the environmental impact assessment indicates an estimated annual CO₂ reduction of 6518.25 metric tonnes cumulatively, equivalent to planting ~2.17 million trees over 20 years. This study provides a detailed technoeconomic analysis, demonstrating the viability of hybrid wind–solar systems in large sports venues and contributing valuable insights for future implementations of renewable energy technologies in the sports infrastructure sector.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/9701161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SoC–Based Inverter Control Strategy for Grid-Connected Battery Energy Storage in AC Microgrid","authors":"Afaf Allabadi,&nbsp;Ibrahim Abuishmais,&nbsp;Qusay Salem,&nbsp;Rafat Aljarrah,&nbsp;Ayman Al-Quraan","doi":"10.1155/er/2872994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/2872994","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The successful integration of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) is crucial for enhancing the resilience and performance of microgrids (MGs) and power systems. This study introduces a control strategy designed to optimize the operation of BESSs. This control strategy optimizes the BESS operation by dynamically adjusting the inverter’s power reference, thereby, extending the battery cycle life. This approach incorporates a droop control mechanism that adjusts control actions in response to state-of-charge (SoC) fluctuations of the BESSs, thereby, enhancing system performance. The effectiveness of this SoC–based control strategy is demonstrated through Matlab/Simulink. It shows its capabilities in regulating power, voltage, grid synchronization, and stability. The paper utilizes a modified CIGRE MG benchmark for system evaluation. It presents case studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control modifications. Additionally, a comparative analysis with a power–voltage (P–V) control strategy is presented. This analysis highlights the advantages of the proposed strategy in ensuring stable voltage regulation within the MG. This research provides a robust foundation for future developments in optimizing BESS integration. It offers a roadmap to advance the efficiency, reliability, and longevity of battery-based solutions in the evolving landscape of sustainable energy systems. Additionally, it sheds light on the potential for scalability and applicability across diverse MG configurations and operational scenarios.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/2872994","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Study of PEMFC Stack Performance Degradation Considering the Shutdown and Rest Processes","authors":"Yan Zhao,&nbsp;Maji Luo,&nbsp;Junwei Yang,&nbsp;Ben Chen,&nbsp;Pang-Chieh Sui,&nbsp;Wei Zhou","doi":"10.1155/er/3246950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/3246950","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The improvement of durability is one of the most critical factors for expanding the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Many experimental studies of continuous operation cycles have been carried out to gain an understanding of fuel cell durability, ignoring the shutdown and rest process. This paper performed durability tests over 1000 h in total, including the shutdown and rest processes, to investigate the impact of voltage recovery on cell degradation in real applications. Each durability test was operated only 8–10 h per day, and then the stack entered a shutdown and rest process. The results show that the voltage recovery after the shutdown and rest processes makes the fuel cells maintain the performance in the long term. The performance can be higher than the previous stage, which differs from the constant performance degradation observed in continuous tests. This paper specifically investigates the influence of operating conditions on durability, the characteristics of voltage degradation, and the underlying reasons for those phenomena during dynamic cycles that include shutdown and rest processes. The decrease in voltage uniformity is analyzed. The results indicate that imprecise control of the operating conditions could lead to a reduction in the fuel cell durability. During the processes of voltage degradation and recovery, marked improvements in performance are observed. Following the initial rapid decline in performance, the fuel cell degradation exhibited a strong correlation with the variations in voltage uniformity. Notably, the excessive degradation observed in a certain cell was the primary factor contributing to the reduction in voltage uniformity rather than the overall cell’s nonuniform voltage. The shutdown and rest processes are crucial components of the dynamic cycles, and the mechanism of voltage recovery after the shutdown and rest processes should be focused on to improve the fuel cell life.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/3246950","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly Transparent Spectral Tunable Electrochromic Window Based on Solid-State WO3 Thin Films","authors":"Malkeshkumar Patel,&nbsp;Manutious,&nbsp;Shuvaraj Ghosh,&nbsp;Seunghee Cho,&nbsp;Joondong Kim","doi":"10.1155/er/8585226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/8585226","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Energy conservation is crucial for sustainable growth. Electrochromic window devices, which regulate optical transmittance using light-tunable materials like WO₃, can significantly reduce both thermal and visual energy consumption in buildings. In this study, we developed solid-state WO₃ thin film-based electrochromic window using room-temperature sputtering. The WO₃ film was grown through reactive sputtering of a tungsten target, resulting in highly transparent films with structural and optical properties well-suitable for electrochromic devices. These films exhibit efficient coloration and fast response times. WO₃-based electrochromic devices offer superior modulation across ultraviolet, visible, and infrared (IR) wavelengths, blocking over 95% of IR wavelengths. Key performance metrics include a coloration efficiency of 96.96 cm² C⁻¹, optical modulation of 68.5% in the visible region, reversibility of 88.1%, and response time of 10 s (coloration time) and 24 s (bleaching time). These results highlight the potential of WO₃-based electrochromic windows for energy conservation, making them ideal for integration into building structures as energy-sustainable entities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/8585226","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Multiobjective Energy Management for a Smart Microgrid Incorporating Electric Vehicle Charging Stations and Demand Response Programs Under Uncertainty","authors":"Rahman Hasani,&nbsp;Mohammad Mohammadi,&nbsp;Amin Samanfar","doi":"10.1155/er/9531493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/9531493","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This paper presents an innovative 24-h scenario–based microgrid energy management system (MG-EMS) designed to achieve cost reduction and emission reduction under conditions of uncertainty. Furthermore, a multiobjective hybrid heuristic algorithm, named hybrid multiobjective particle swarm optimization and lightning search algorithm (hMOPSO-LSA), is introduced to tackle the MG-EMS problem. This algorithm combines the LSA and the MOPSO algorithm. The MG under investigation comprises photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine (WT) units, a combined heat and power (CHP) system, and employs multicarrier energy storage technology, specifically, power-to-gas (P2G) technology and an electric vehicle (EV) parking lot (PL). Flexible loads are incorporated into the MG to enhance cost and emission reduction through participation in the demand response program (DRP). The proposed MG-EMS model utilizes probability density functions (PDFs) for modeling uncertainties and employs the Roulette wheel (RW) method for scenario selection. The simulations, carried out in MATLAB, encompass two different sections. In the first part, the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed algorithm were validated by solving the standard DTLZ benchmark functions and comparing the optimization results with those of several other optimization algorithms. In the second part, energy management in the MG was carried out using the proposed MG-EMS model, solved by the hMOPSO-LSA algorithm, both without flexible loads and with their inclusion. To provide a comprehensive evaluation, the problem was solved using the proposed hMOPSO-LSA algorithm and compared against three benchmark algorithms: multiobjective flower pollination algorithm (MOFPA), MOPSO, and multiobjective dragonfly algorithm (MODA). The optimization results demonstrate that hMOPSO-LSA achieves higher accuracy compared to other algorithms. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the participation of flexible loads in the DRP results in a 6.43% cost reduction and an 8.21% reduction in emissions. Additionally, P2G technology proves effective in cost and emission reduction, contributing 6.87% of the required gas supply within the MG.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/9531493","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Phase Change Energy Storage Materials: Developments and Applications","authors":"Md. Abdullah,&nbsp;Mohammad Obayedullah,&nbsp;Sawda Ahmed Musfika","doi":"10.1155/er/6668430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/6668430","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Phase change energy storage (PCES) materials have attracted considerable interest because of their capacity to store and release thermal energy by undergoing phase changes. This paper offers a thorough examination of the latest developments in PCES materials (PCESMs) and their wide-ranging applications in several industries. The text focuses primarily on the most recent advances in the design and creation of PCESMs. It emphasizes the investigation of new phase change materials (PCMs) that possess specific features, such as high latent heat, thermal conductivity, and cycling stability. The study investigates advanced methods such as nano structuring, hybridization, and encapsulation to improve the efficiency and dependability of PCESMs. PCESMs are employed in the construction industry for passive solar heating, thermal regulation, and energy-efficient building designs. They facilitate effective thermal dissipation in electronics, hence, improving the efficiency and durability of electronic devices. Moreover, PCESMs are essential in enabling the incorporation of intermittent energy sources like solar and wind power into the grid, hence, supporting renewable energy storage. Furthermore, the research examines upcoming patterns and potential outcomes in the domain of PCESMs, including the progress of versatile PCES composites, integration with intelligent materials, and breakthroughs in thermal energy conversion technologies. These advancements have enormous promise to tackle worldwide energy concerns, decrease greenhouse gas emissions, and promote sustainable development. Recent advancements in PCESMs have opened up opportunities for their extensive use in many industries, providing inventive solutions for effective energy storage, thermal regulation, and ecological sustainability. Ongoing research and technological breakthroughs in this field are anticipated to propel further advancements and facilitate the achievement of a more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient future.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/6668430","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy and Exergy Evaluation of the Integrated Waste Energy Recovery System (IWERS) and the Solar-Powered Integrated Waste Energy Recovery System (SPIWERS) in Various Climates","authors":"Juan Carlos Ríos-Fernández","doi":"10.1155/er/4282464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/4282464","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The integrated waste energy recovery system (IWERS) is a thermal system that recovers waste heat from steam generated in bakery ovens to produce hot water. This reduces energy and water consumption in shopping centers. This article analyzes the technical improvement of incorporating renewable solar thermal energy into the system. It introduces the new solar-powered IWERS (SPIWERS) for the first time. The exergetic efficiency of IWERS and SPIWERS was measured over 1 year in real supermarkets located in different climatic zones to determine their performance variables. This paper presents precise data for future improvements in the energy efficiency of waste heat recovery systems, making it an innovative contribution to the field. The exergetic efficiency of IWERS was found to be lower in subtropical climates, but no significant variation was observed in other climates studied. Additionally, the exergetic efficiency of IWERS components decreases with ambient temperature, particularly in warm months. Regarding SPIWERS, the highest exergetic efficiency values were obtained in oceanic climates. IWERS employs electric boilers, whereas SPIWERS system utilizes solar collectors. Although IWERS exhibited superior overall exergy efficiency, particularly in cold climates, SPIWERS distinguished itself with a reduced environmental impact, wholly supplanting electric power with solar thermal energy and a swift economic return on investment within a period of less than 4 years, a duration that is half that of IWERS. A detailed examination of the individual components of each system will facilitate the identification of potential avenues for enhancement, ensuring the system’s capacity for adaptation to specific climatic conditions and seasonal variations. Thus, the exergy efficiency of the DWH tank in IWERS remains constant across all climatic zones and throughout the year. This exergy efficiency is approximately 65%. In contrast, a notable variation is observed in the case of SPIWERS, which is more pronounced in more favorable weather conditions. On the other hand, the exergy efficiency of electric water boilers is greater in colder climates and times of the year, with a range of 30%–40%. Additionally, the exergy efficiency of the solar collector is greater in months and areas with cool ambient temperatures, optimal solar radiation, and moderate fluid temperatures within the collector, with a range of 5%–11%.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/4282464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multiphase and Multicomponent Model Considering Molecular Diffusion for Simulating Shale Oil Reservoirs With Complex Fracture Networks","authors":"Jie Liu,&nbsp;Zhengdong Lei,&nbsp;Xavier Raynaud,&nbsp;Kai Bao,&nbsp;Yi Han,&nbsp;Pengcheng Liu","doi":"10.1155/er/2938081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/2938081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Molecular diffusion is a critical mechanism of enhance oil recovery (EOR) in developing shale oil reservoir by huff “n” puff. The ultra-low permeability lead to the accumulation of injected gas within the complex fracture networks (CFNs), thereby, enhancing concentration gradient and mass transfer by molecular diffusion between the CFNs and matrix. A proper understanding of CFNs influence on molecular diffusive mass transfer becomes critical for predicting oil recovery and remaining oil distribution in shale oil reservoirs. Therefore, a multiphase and multicomponent mathematical model with molecular diffusion was developed for describing mass transfer of molecular diffusion. Molecular diffusion coefficients were predicted by the extend Sigmund method. The finite volume method (FVM) and two-point flux approximation (TPFA) were applied to discretize and approximate mass transfer equations. The embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) was utilized to explicitly simulate CFNs and extended to couple mass transfer by molecular diffusion in the fracture to that in the matrix. Model validation clearly demonstrates that the proposed numerical model is capable of effectively and accurately simulating diffusion mass transfer in shale oil reservoirs with CFNs. By applying the proposed numerical compositional model, a series of synthetical models with molecular diffusion were developed by CO₂ huff “n” puff. The simulation results indicated that molecular diffusion is crucial to EOR in developing shale oil reservoirs with CFNs by huff “n” puff, particularly in the injection and soaking stage. However, molecular diffusion contributes to an increased gas production during the production phase. In addition, larger fracture density benefits diffusive mass transfer to EOR by increasing contact areas. And higher diffusion coefficients improve diffusive mobility, which boosts diffusive mass transfer. Meanwhile, greater injection rate additionally makes concentration difference of injected component between fractures and matrix system to rise, resulting in more injected component transferring into matrix. This paper provides a better understanding of molecular diffusion mechanism for EOR in development shale oil reservoirs with CFNs by huff “n” puff.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/2938081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}