International Journal of Energy Research最新文献

{"title":"Energy, Exergy, Economic, and Environmental Analyses (4E) of Geothermal Power Plant With Double Flash System for Power and Heat Production","authors":"Mamdouh El Haj Assad,&nbsp;Yashar Aryanfar,&nbsp;Imen Ben Salem,&nbsp;Shek Atiqure Rahman,&nbsp;Laveet Kumar,&nbsp;Ahmad K. Sleiti,&nbsp;Mohammad Alhuyi Nazri","doi":"10.1155/er/7612852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/7612852","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Geothermal energy is a reliable and sustainable renewable energy source due to its continuous availability and eliminating the need for energy storage systems. Among various types of geothermal power plants, double flash (DF) geothermal plants are among the most widely utilized. This paper presents a comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of a DF geothermal power plant, integrating energy, exergy, economic, and exergoenvironmental (4E) evaluations. The study examines the influence of key parameters, including the high-pressure separator and geothermal production well temperature, on the system performance. The results indicate that the expansion valve of the high pressure separator exhibits the highest exergy destruction rate (EDR) followed by the steam trubine, while both high- and low-pressure separators experience no exergy destruction. The energy and exergy efficiencies are found to be 13.3% and 51.23%, respectively. The condensation heat rate is obtained around 46.551 MW, suggesting potential use for district heating applications. Additionally, the findings demonstrate that increasing the geofluid source temperature and the pressure of high-pressure separator 1 lead to a decrease in the unit exergy cost, but an increase in overall cost rate, highlighting important trade-offs for optimizing plant performance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/7612852","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dust Accumulation on the Performance of the Photovoltaic Panels on Buildings: A Case Study","authors":"Abubaker Younis,&nbsp;Mohamed Louzazni,&nbsp;Petru Adrian Cotfas,&nbsp;Daniel Tudor Cotfas","doi":"10.1155/er/2720932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/2720932","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study examines the effects of dust accumulation on the performance of photovoltaic (PV) panels in an urban environment through 1 month of field experiments. Three PV panels—clean (P1), lightly soiled (P2), and heavily soiled (P3)—were installed on a rooftop test bed in two configurations: horizontal and latitude-tilted (45° North), using black tar paper and brown cellulose fiberboard as roofing materials. On the reference day, the panels showed minimal performance differences, with discrepancies of 0.37% in maximum power (<i>P</i>_max) and 0.43% in short-circuit current (<i>I</i>_sc). However, dust accumulation led to significant power losses in P3, averaging 23.4% in the horizontal position and 15% when tilted. P2 showed minor losses (1%–3%) throughout. Thermal monitoring revealed that dust raised the front surface temperatures of the soiled panels, while the clean panel exhibited the highest back surface temperatures. The greatest temperature differences occurred in the tilted configuration, with a maximum of 6.03 K on the front surface. Roofing material also influenced thermal behavior, with the black tar paper absorbing more heat than the cellulose fiberboard. The results highlight the importance of regular panel cleaning and optimal tilt angles to minimize dust-related performance losses, providing insights for improving the efficiency of PV systems in built environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/2720932","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous Allocation of PV Systems and Shunt Capacitors in Medium Voltage Feeders Using Quadratic Interpolation Optimization-Based Gaussian Mutation Operator","authors":"Mona Gafar,&nbsp;Shahenda Sarhan,&nbsp;Abdullah M. Shaheen,&nbsp;Ahmed R. Ginidi","doi":"10.1155/er/8881949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/8881949","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study introduces an enhanced version of quadratic interpolation optimization (QIO) merged with Gaussian mutation (GM) operator for optimizing photovoltaic (PV) units and capacitors within distribution systems, addressing practical considerations and discrete nature of capacitors. In this regard, the variations in power loading and power productions from PV sources are taken into consideration. The QIO is inspired by the generalized quadratic interpolation (GQI) method in mathematics and is enhanced with GM operator that introduces randomness into the solution to explore the search space and avoid premature convergence. The proposed QIO-GM is tested on practical Egyptian and standard IEEE distribution systems, demonstrating its effectiveness in minimizing energy losses. Comparative studies against standard QIO, northern goshawk optimization (NGO), and optical microscope algorithm (OMA), as well as other reported algorithms, validate QIO-GM’s superior performance. Numerically, in the first system, the designed QIO-GM algorithm achieves 2.5% improvement over QIO, a 4.4% improvement over NGO, and a 9.2% improvement over OMA, leading to a substantial reduction in carbon dioxide (Co₂) emissions from 110,823.886 to 79,402.82 kg, reflecting a commendable 28.35% decrease. Similarly, in the second system, QIO demonstrates a significant reduction in Co₂ emissions from 72,283.328 to 54,627.65 kg, with a commendable 28.3% decrease. These results underscore QIO-GM’s effectiveness in not only optimizing energy losses but also contributing to substantial environmental benefits through reduced emissions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/8881949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control Algorithms and Hardware for a Concentrating Solar Plant Based on Fluidized Bed With Improved Heliostat Calibration System","authors":"Antonio Scafuri,&nbsp;Matteo Scanzano,&nbsp;Antonio De Caro,&nbsp;Lorenzo Romagnoli,&nbsp;Fulvio Bassetti,&nbsp;Letizia Magaldi,&nbsp;Maria Carmen Falvo","doi":"10.1155/er/5575330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/5575330","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The present paper deals on a concentrating solar system with thermal energy storage, recognized as a potentially useful technology to be integrated in power systems and industries, to support their decarbonization. The paper focuses on the control system of the solar field, employing two-axis (pitch-roll) tracking mirrors (heliostats) and a beam-down system. The paper presents two innovative aspects of the technology: an integral error correction algorithm to enhance pointing accuracy, and the use of an inclinometer for each heliostat, to increase system reliability. The system has been designed, implemented, and tested for more than 12,000 h on an industrial scale, then optimized on-site to maximize charging efficiency, obtaining encouraging results in terms of reliability and aiming accuracy, despite the use of rugged commercial components to keep costs low. The results of the experimental tests show a significant reduction of the aiming error, obtained through the proposed correction algorithm.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/5575330","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Water and Energy Performance on Waste Performance in South African JSE-Listed Companies","authors":"Fortune Ganda,&nbsp;Odunayo Olarewaju","doi":"10.1155/er/9642568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/9642568","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study examines whether enhanced environmental metrics—specifically, energy and water—lead to improved waste management. There is a limited body of existing literature on this topic, specifically within the context of African business contexts. Moreover, the available global studies present inconclusive findings regarding the association between these variables. The study utilises panel quantile regression methodology to examine the dataset, including South African companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) from 2012 to 2021. In the independent single equations, it is apparent that the three regressions for market value (MFV), return on equity (ROE) and TOBIN’S Q (TBQ) illustrate that both water (WTPF) and energy performance (EPF) demonstrate a significantly positive relationship with waste performance (WSPF). Moreover, MFV, ROE and TBQ demonstrate significantly negative outcomes to WSPF in the three equations. When interaction terms are added, the three regressions for MFV, ROE and TBQ prove that the interaction term between EPF and WTPF to WSPF is significantly positive. In addition, the interaction term involving energy and MFV to WSPF is significantly positive. The interaction term between water and MFV to WSPF is significantly positive. The interaction term pertaining to water and ROE to WSPF is significantly negative. The interaction term between water and TBQ to WSPF is significantly positive. Policymakers should promote integrated resource management strategies that combine water and energy efficiency efforts to reduce waste. Incentives should be given to invest in technologies that improve performance simultaneously. Corporate transparency and targeted support may be needed to ensure resource efficiency does not negatively impact short-term profitability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/9642568","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Hydrogen Production Through Electrochemical Dehydrogenation of Tetrahydroquinolines Using TEMPO to Suppress Dimerization","authors":"Aeri Choo,&nbsp;Jaehwan Cheong,&nbsp;Yongmin Kim,&nbsp;Hyangsoo Jeong,&nbsp;Joohoon Kim","doi":"10.1155/er/2454635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/2454635","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>As a sustainable and effective strategy for hydrogen production, the electrochemical dehydrogenation of saturated organic heterocycles has recently gained significant attention in energy research. Here, we present an unusual perspective on the electrochemical dehydrogenation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) and its derivatives, for example, 2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (M-THQ), in the presence of (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) in acetonitrile. The electrochemical oxidation of THQs led to their dimerization, thereby restricting the efficient electrochemical dehydrogenation of THQs. Detailed electrochemical studies revealed the crucial role of TEMPO in suppressing the side reaction of dimerization, consequently enhancing the electrochemical dehydrogenation of THQs when TEMPO is employed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/2454635","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Coal–Jatropha curcas Composite Briquettes as Sustainable Fuel Alternatives","authors":"Amad Ullah Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Saleem,&nbsp;Muhammad Abas,&nbsp;Zakir Ullah,&nbsp;Khan Muhammad,&nbsp;Farida Anjum,&nbsp;Aamer Sharif,&nbsp;Melkamu Tadesse Getachew","doi":"10.1155/er/8847392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/8847392","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Coal is a major fuel source but raises environmental concerns. This study investigated the feasibility of utilizing a composite briquette sustainable fuel produced from subbituminous coal and <i>Jatropha curcas</i> biomass. Briquettes were prepared with varying weight ratios of coal to <i>J. curcas</i> biomass (90:0–0:90) using corn starch as a binder. The influence of this ratio on the briquettes’ properties was comprehensively evaluated through proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The results revealed that increasing the <i>J. curcas</i> content in the briquettes gradually decreased the moisture content, ash content, and fixed carbon content while increasing the volatile matter content. The elemental composition analysis showed a decreasing trend in carbon and sulfur content with increasing <i>J. curcas</i>, while nitrogen and oxygen content increased. The gross calorific value (GCV) exhibited a significant positive correlation with the coal content, reaching a maximum value of 28.29 MJ/kg for briquettes specially composed of <i>J. curcas</i> biomass. These findings suggest that coal–<i>J. curcas</i> briquettes offer a promising alternative fuel source with tailorable properties depending on the desired balance between burning characteristics and calorific value. Further research could explore the combustion behavior and emission profiles of these briquettes to assess their environmental impact.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/8847392","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative GIS and Remote Sensing Approaches for Revealing Hidden Wind Energy Hotspots and Optimizing Wind Farm Siting","authors":"Loghman Khodakarami,&nbsp;Khidhir Dara Khalid,&nbsp;Ali Jafar Abdullah,&nbsp;Rustum Jehan Mahmmod,&nbsp;Asaad Frya Rebwar,&nbsp;Shawkat Aya Bakhtyar,&nbsp;Khudadad Zulfa Jalil","doi":"10.1155/er/5580703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/5580703","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Ensuring a sustainable and renewable energy supply is a critical challenge for developing nations. This study aims to identify optimal locations for wind power development in the Kurdistan Region (KRG) of Iraq by integrating remote sensing, geographic information systems (GISs), and multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques, including Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR). The results indicate that ~21% of the study area (8277 km²) demonstrates excellent and good potential for wind power generation, with a total estimated capacity exceeding 48,000 MW. Furthermore, 3332 sites with individual generation capacities of over 3 MW were identified, showcasing substantial opportunities for large-scale wind farm development. The analysis revealed wind speeds ranging from 7 to 14 m/s in the most suitable areas, ensuring optimal energy production. This research introduces a novel framework that integrates advanced spatial analysis with MCDM methods to optimize wind farm siting, considering critical factors such as wind resource assessment, site characteristics, environmental and social impacts, geotechnical constraints, and infrastructure availability. The findings suggest that the KRG has the potential to produce 42.9 TWh of electricity annually, which could save ~5.8 million tons of natural gas and reduce 16 million tons of CO₂ emissions each year. These results highlight the region’s potential to emerge as a regional hub for wind energy, contributing significantly to global efforts in reducing fossil fuel dependency and mitigating climate change. This study provides a robust scientific foundation for policymakers and planners, offering a comprehensive and accurate assessment of wind energy potential. By integrating multiple decision-making models and high-resolution spatial data, this research enhances the reliability and applicability of its findings, serving as a valuable tool for sustainable energy development.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/5580703","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modifying the Surface of Twisted Tapes With a Hydrophobic Coating to Enhance Their Performance in Parabolic Trough Solar Collector","authors":"Ali Ismail Al-Shiblawi,&nbsp;Mohammad Mahdi Heyhat","doi":"10.1155/er/7695752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/7695752","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Twisted tapes are widely recognized as an effective passive method to enhance heat transfer in parabolic trough solar collectors. However, a major drawback is the substantial pressure drop caused by the high friction between the fluid flow and the tape surface. This study introduces hydrophobic twisted tapes as a solution to reduce pressure drop while sustaining enhanced heat transfer. A variety of twisted tapes with differing widths and twist ratios were fabricated and tested experimentally under laminar and turbulent flow regimes, focusing on pressure drop, efficiency, and performance index. The results demonstrate that hydrophobic twisted tapes can elevate the performance index from below one to above one. At the flow rate of 50 Lph, the performance index of the twisted tape with a hydrophobic surface increased by 125%. It was observed that increasing the tape width and reducing the twist ratio led to higher pressure drop, improved efficiency, and a better performance index. Additionally, the study compared the performance of twisted tapes with fixed versus variable widths. Experimental findings revealed that twisted tapes with variable widths exhibit superior performance compared to those with fixed widths. At a flow rate of 50 Lph, the performance index of the variable width twisted tape with a hydrophobic surface increased by 143%.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/7695752","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of PVDF–g–PAA Binder Endowing High Sulfur Loading With Enhanced Performance of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries","authors":"So-Young Nam,&nbsp;Hong Suk Kang,&nbsp;Hyun-Seung Kim,&nbsp;Sang-Gil Woo,&nbsp;Je-Nam Lee","doi":"10.1155/er/3375897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/er/3375897","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries have received considerable attention as promising candidates for next-generation batteries because of their high theoretical energy density (≈2600 Wh kg⁻¹). However, despite their abundant active material and high theoretical capacity, the commercialization of Li–S batteries has been hindered by several difficulties such as the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPS). In this study, we designed poly (vinylidene fluoride)–graft–poly (acrylic acid) (PVDF<i>–g</i>–PAA) as a novel binder to realize high sulfur loading electrodes for Li–S batteries. The synthesis conditions of PVDF<i>–g</i>–PAA were controlled based on its chemical structure, mechanical properties, and electrochemical performance. The optimal structure of PVDF<i>–g</i>–PAA exhibited high LiPS adsorption ability compared to that of PVDF, which retained its mechanical properties. Therefore, the unit cell with a high sulfur loading of 5.7 mg cm⁻² fabricated using PVDF<i>–g</i>–PAA yielded a high reversible capacity of 644.1 mAh g⁻¹ after 100 cycles. Consequently, this study provides a useful approach to improve the cycling performance of Li–S batteries by modifying commercial binders, which demonstrates their practical potential for developing Li–S batteries.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14051,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/er/3375897","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}