International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Essential Trace Elements and Thyroid Antibodies in the Blood of Women with Newly Diagnosed Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.","authors":"Rahim Rostami, Asghar Beiranvand, Sarmad Nourooz-Zadeh, Massoumeh Rostami, Afshin Mohammadi, Jaffar Nourooz-Zadeh","doi":"10.5812/ijem-145599","DOIUrl":"10.5812/ijem-145599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The involvement of essential trace elements in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) has been suggested, although the available evidence is limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the interplay between serum selenium (Se), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) status with thyroid auto-antibodies and thyroid echogenicity in women with newly diagnosed HT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of newly diagnosed female HTs (n = 56) and matched controls (n = 64) were recruited. Serum Se, Fe, Zn, and Cu were measured by furnace graphite atomic absorption spectrometry (FGAAS). Thyroid hormone profiles and thyroid autoantibodies were assessed via ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In HTs, mean serum Se, Fe, and Zn were significantly lower, while serum Cu was higher in HTs compared to controls (64.11 ± 20.75 vs. 92.3 ± 29.36 μg/L, 53.67 ± 14.09 vs. 70.38 ± 18.44 μg/dL, 64.38 ± 18.88 vs. 90.89 ± 29.99 μg/dL, and 101.18 ± 33.40 vs. 82.2 ± 26.82 μg/dL; all P < 0.001). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant inverse correlation between serum Se, Zn, and Cu with thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) and thyroglobulin antibody (Tg-Ab) levels (P < 0.001). While no significant correlation was observed between thyroid antibodies and serum Fe levels, logistic regression revealed associations between thyroid antibodies and serum Fe. Upon dividing serum Se and Zn into quartiles, there was a significant alteration in the levels of TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab, with a reduction in the levels of antibodies observed from the first quartile to the fourth quartile.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We conclude that Se, Fe, and Zn deficiency, coupled with increased Cu levels, are associated with elevated thyroid antibodies in the setting of Hashimoto Thyroiditis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13969,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"22 2","pages":"e145599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Zinc and Vitamin E on Blood Testosterone and Inflammatory Markers in Male Patients Undergoing Heart Surgery.","authors":"Javad Nasrollahzadeh, Elham Makiabadi, Mohammad Reza Shahparvari, Maryam Nilghaz, Behnaz Narimani, Yegane Rajabpour Ranjbar","doi":"10.5812/ijem-147892","DOIUrl":"10.5812/ijem-147892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Zinc and vitamin E affect the metabolism of testosterone and inflammatory factors. We aimed to evaluate the effect of zinc and vitamin E supplementation on plasma testosterone levels and inflammatory markers in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a secondary analysis of a previously published randomized controlled trial in a subsample of male patients undergoing CABG surgery. Patients in the zinc-vitamin E group (n = 27) received oral zinc (120 mg) and vitamin E (1200 international units) one day prior to surgery, followed by 30 mg of zinc and 200 units of vitamin E per day for three weeks after surgery. Patients in the control group (n = 25) received a placebo. Plasma levels of total testosterone, cortisol, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and white blood cell toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) gene expression were determined at three-day and three-week intervals following surgery. Changes in these markers were analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A comparison of the groups revealed no significant difference in the concentration of plasma total testosterone levels (P = 0.059) or cortisol. Three weeks following the surgical procedure, a positive correlation was observed between the change in plasma zinc concentrations and the change in plasma testosterone levels (r = 0.32; P = 0.025). The administration of zinc and vitamin E supplements resulted in a reduction in plasma IL-6 levels on postoperative day 3 (P = 0.025), while no significant effect was observed in week 3 (P = 0.091). The expression of the TLR-4 gene in WBCs was found to be lower in the zinc-vitamin E group compared to the placebo group on day 3 (P = 0.051) and week 3 (P = 0.025).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The administration of zinc and vitamin E to patients undergoing CABG was associated with a relative improvement in postoperative inflammatory markers. Plasma zinc levels demonstrated a correlation with testosterone levels, suggesting a potential avenue for further research in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13969,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"22 2","pages":"e147892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) with Prehypertension in Normoglycemic Individuals.","authors":"Methaq H Alogaili, Afnan A Alsallami","doi":"10.5812/ijem-145894","DOIUrl":"10.5812/ijem-145894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin resistance is a critical first step in the development of many chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and coronary artery disease (CAD). Early recognition of changes in insulin sensitivity and subsequent glycolipid dysregulation is paramount in reversing the progression of these diseases. Since the prevalence of insulin resistance is relatively high, there is a demand for a simple, easy, and inexpensive method for its detection.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the association of metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) with prehypertension (preHTN) in normoglycemic individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study included two groups with normal blood glucose levels (age and sex matched, 179 adults each) with and without preHTN. Those with a history of hypertension, diabetes, CAD, or on chronic drug treatment were excluded from the study. Metabolic score for insulin resistance was calculated as Ln [(2 × FPG (mg/dL) + fasting TG (mg/dL)] × BMI (kg/m²)/Ln [HDL-c (mg/dL)].</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The METS-IR score was significantly higher in those with preHTN (P < 0.001). One-way ANOVA showed significant differences in BMI, TG, and HDL-c according to METS-IR quartiles. Cox regression analysis showed that METS-IR is a single independent predictor of preHTN (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.20, 1.34).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Metabolic score for insulin resistance is significantly associated with and an independent predictor of prehypertension in euglycemic people.</p>","PeriodicalId":13969,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"22 2","pages":"e145894"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Gluten in the Development of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Kimia Sadat Esfahani, Nastaran Asri, Mohadeseh Mahmoudi Ghehsareh, Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani, Somayeh Jahani-Sherafat, Mohammad Rostami-Nejad","doi":"10.5812/ijem-153730","DOIUrl":"10.5812/ijem-153730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>In recent decades, adverse reactions to gluten have increased, collectively known as gluten-related disorders (GRDs). The most prominent GRD is celiac disease (CD), a T-cell-mediated autoimmune-like disorder of the small intestine triggered by the ingestion of gluten proteins in genetically predisposed individuals. Celiac disease is often associated with various autoimmune and idiopathic conditions, including autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITDs). Autoimmune thyroid disorders result from immune system dysregulation and lead to an assault on the thyroid gland. This study aims to examine the potential effect of gluten consumption on the development of AITDs.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A narrative literature review was conducted using the Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed electronic databases to identify studies investigating the role of gluten in the development of AITDs. Keywords such as \"Gluten,\" \"Autoimmune thyroid disease,\" and \"Gluten-free diet\" were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The involvement of gluten in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is mediated through various mechanisms. Gluten may contribute to the expansion and progression of AITDs through mechanisms such as dysbiosis, leaky gut, and cross-reactivity. There is evidence that adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) may positively impact patients with AITDs, supporting the importance of personalized dietary strategies to mitigate risks associated with gluten intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that dietary management, particularly strict adherence to a GFD, may be beneficial for individuals with both CD and AITDs. Emerging evidence highlights the importance of personalized dietary strategies to mitigate the risks associated with gluten intake. A deeper understanding of the gut-thyroid axis could lead to the development of innovative approaches in the management of autoimmune disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13969,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"22 3","pages":"e153730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ThyPRO-IR: Translation and Linguistic Validation of the Persian Version of Thyroid-Specific Quality of Life (QoL) Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) Questionnaire for Benign Thyroid Disorders.","authors":"Zohreh Maghsoomi, Mohammad Ebrahim Khamseh, Mojtaba Malek, Afsaneh Dehnad, Shirin Mohamadzadeh, Torquil Watt, Ramin Malboosbaf","doi":"10.5812/ijem-149014","DOIUrl":"10.5812/ijem-149014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Considering the high prevalence of benign thyroid disorders, the availability of an instrument measuring health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in this population is very important.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study aims to translate and validate the Persian version of the ThyPRO-39.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In accordance with standard methodology, a double forward, reconciliation, and backward translation of the questionnaire was conducted. A field consultant identified discrepancies between the original questionnaire and the back translation. Discrepancies were addressed, revised, and retested before submitting it for developer review. Finally, five cognitive interviews were conducted among patients with benign thyroid problems to ensure alignment between their understanding of the Persian items and their original English counterparts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Translation and linguistic validations of the Persian version of the ThyPRO-39 Questionnaire were developed according to the established rules. Two translators did the forward translation with no significant disagreement. Considering backward translation, the field consultant changed eight items, and the developer provided seven additional comments. After interviewing five patients, nine revisions were performed by the field consultant. Finally, an external consultant reviewed all changes and approved the questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We translated and linguistically validated the Persian version of the ThyPRO-39. Now, the ThyPRO-IR is ready for assessment of thyroid-specific QoL in Iranian patients with benign thyroid disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13969,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"22 2","pages":"e149014"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Postoperative Hypocalcemia and Hypoparathyroidism Following Thyroidectomy in Hanoi, Vietnam.","authors":"Khanh Nam Do, Phuong Thi Duong, Toi Lam Phung, Yen Thi Duong, Giang Truong Hoang, Huong Thi Le","doi":"10.5812/ijem-146358","DOIUrl":"10.5812/ijem-146358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypocalcemia is the most frequent complication of thyroid surgeries. Hypocalcemia is the most common complication following thyroid surgeries and is crucial in managing patients with thyroid cancer.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to describe hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy and evaluate the factors associated with postoperative hypocalcemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 91 patients with thyroid cancer at Hanoi Medical University Hospital. Hypocalcemia was defined as serum calcium levels lower than 2.1 mmol/L, measured 24 hours after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the postoperative period, 27.5% of the patients exhibited hypocalcemia, with distinct prevalence rates observed between the total thyroidectomy group (47.6%) and the thyroid lobectomy group (10.2%). Concurrently, hypoparathyroidism manifested in 15.4% of the cases. Various factors were identified as contributors to postoperative hypocalcemia, including lymph node metastasis (odds ratio [OR] = 2.6; P < 0.05), total thyroidectomy (OR = 8.0; P < 0.01), diminished parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (OR = 12.6; P < 0.001), and reduced 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]D3) levels (P < 0.01). Furthermore, multivariate analyses revealed that free thyroxine (FT4) (P = 0.04), 25(OH)D3 (P = 0.037), surgical procedure (P < 0.001), and cancer stage (P < 0.001) independently predicted postoperative hypocalcemia. Notably, our findings underscored a substantial correlation between total thyroidectomy (OR = 21.5, P < 0.001), diminished PTH levels (P < 0.001), and the occurrence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The identification of lymph node metastasis, total thyroid surgery, decreased PTH and 25(OH)D3 levels, and albumin concentration are crucial factors in guiding the surgical team to prevent the onset of hypocalcemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13969,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"22 2","pages":"e146358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Hyperaldosteronism in a Normotensive Patient: A Case Report","authors":"Amir Hossein Ghanooni, Mitra KazemiJahromi, F. Hosseinpanah","doi":"10.5812/ijem-138703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem-138703","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by hypertension, suppressed plasma renin activity (PRA), elevated plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), and spontaneous hypokalemia. Case Presentation: We present a 37-year-old normotensive female with hypokalemia, high plasma aldosterone level, and suppressed renin. The patient was treated with eplerenone and potassium chloride supplement. Further investigation with a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a mass in the left adrenal. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy led to the diagnosis of adrenal adenoma. Conclusions: Primary aldosteronism should be among the differential diagnoses in normotensive patients presenting with severe hypokalemia.","PeriodicalId":13969,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139005354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What About My Weight? Insufficient Weight Loss or Weight Regain After Bariatric Metabolic Surgery","authors":"Hamidreza Zefreh, Reza Amani-Beni, Erfan Sheikhbahaei, Farnaz Farsi, Shahrzad Ahmadkaraji, Maryam Barzin, Bahar Darouei, Alireza Khalaj, Shahab Shahabi","doi":"10.5812/ijem-136329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem-136329","url":null,"abstract":"Context: This review study aimed to investigate the definition, etiology, risk factors (RFs), management strategy, and prevention of insufficient weight loss (IWL) and weight regain (WR) following bariatric metabolic surgery (BMS). Evidence Acquisition: Electronic databases were searched to retrieve relevant articles. The inclusion criteria were English articles with adult participants assessing the definition, prevalence, etiology, RFs, management strategy, and prevention of IWL/WR. Results: Definition: The preferred definition for post-BMS IWL/WR are the terms \"Lack of maintenance of total weight loss (TWL)&gt;20%\" and \"weight change in percentage compared to nadir weight or weight loss\". Prevalence: The exact prevalence of IWL/WR is still being determined due to the type of BMS and various definitions. Etiology: Several mechanisms, including hormonal/metabolic, dietary non-adherence, physical inactivity, mental health, and anatomic surgical failure, are possible etiologies of post-BMS IWL/WR. RFs: Preoperative body mass index (BMI), male gender, psychiatric conditions, comorbidities, age, poor diet, eating disorders, poor follow-ups, insufficient physical activity, micronutrients, and genetic-epigenetic factors are the most important RFs. Management Strategy: The basis of treatment is lifestyle interventions, including dietary, physical activity, psychological, and behavioral therapy. Pharmacotherapy can be added. In the last treatment line, different techniques of endoscopic surgery and revisional surgery can be used. Prevention: Behavioral and psychotherapeutic interventions, dietary therapy, and physical activity therapy are the essential components of prevention. Conclusions: Many definitions exist for WR, less so for IWL. Etiologies and RFs are complex and multifactorial; therefore, the management and prevention strategy is multidisciplinary. Some knowledge gaps, especially for IWL, exist, and these gaps must be filled to strengthen the evidence used to guide patient counseling, selection, and improved outcomes.","PeriodicalId":13969,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"73 S8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135342622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinformatic Identification of Hub Genes Related to Menopause-Obesity Paradox in Breast Cancer","authors":"Zahra Hosseinpour, Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani, Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari","doi":"10.5812/ijem-140835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem-140835","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in women, significantly contributing to cancer-related death in the modern world. Obesity, as a worldwide epidemic besides the menopausal status, has a paradoxical association with BC. Objectives: To determine the molecular mechanisms underlying the paradoxical effects of obesity on BC, a comprehensive systems biology analysis was performed. Methods: Data retrieval, data preprocessing, and differential expression analysis were conducted. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) identified the gene modules associated with clinical traits. Network analysis and hub gene identification techniques revealed key regulatory genes, and functional enrichment analysis uncovered biological pathways related to hub genes. A logistic regression model was developed to predict menopausal status based on hub genes. Additionally, gene expression analysis of two important genes was performed by qPCR. Results: The study identified the hub genes and molecular pathways (the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, and lipid metabolic and atherosclerosis pathways) associated with the obesity paradox in BC based on menopausal statutes. Conclusions: These results may improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the effects of body mass on BC and assist in identifying biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for treating obese postmenopausal women with BC.","PeriodicalId":13969,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135679361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Bone Mineral Density in Iranian Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","authors":"Fariba Karimi, Parisa Mardani","doi":"10.5812/ijem-137594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem-137594","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Whether the endocrine aberrations caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) might influence bone density in women of reproductive age is controversial. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare PCOS women to a control group matched in age and body mass index (BMI) regarding bone indices and to clarify the potential relationship between their hormonal changes and bone density. Methods: This case-control study consisted of 61 PCOS patients, and 35 women with normal ovulatory function served as controls. Bone parameters, including bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in addition to T- and Z-scores, were measured at the lumbar vertebrae, neck of the left femur, hip, and distal part of the radial bone, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were taken to be tested for biochemical parameters and serum concentrations of insulin, osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and estradiol were measured. Insulin resistance was evaluated through the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results: The results revealed greater levels of HOMA-IR and total testosterone in PCOS women than in controls. Nevertheless, the two groups were comparable in terms of bone parameters. In the control group, BMI was the only determinant of bone density at most of the skeletal sites. Nonetheless, BMI and HOMA-IR were independently and positively associated with bone indices at the femoral neck (FN) and total hip in the PCOS group. Parathyroid hormone and vitamin D concentrations were not different in the two groups. However, phosphate levels were higher in PCOS patients (P = 0.025). Osteocalcin was inversely correlated to BMI, and both groups had a negative correlation between DHEAS and PTH. Serum phosphate was inversely and independently associated with estrogen in the PCOS group (r = -0.377, P = 0.004). Conclusions: Body mass index and HOMA-IR were independent and positive determinants of FN and total hip bone density in the PCOS subjects. Nonetheless, in the non-PCOS women, BMI was the only independent determinant of bone density at most of the skeletal sites. Additionally, osteocalcin was inversely correlated with BMI in both groups.","PeriodicalId":13969,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135634944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}