International Journal of Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"The Inflammatory-Immune Axis in Thyroid Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Tao Pan, Zhihao Fang, Titi Hui, Xuanlin Wu, Xu Hu, Jiabin You, Chang Liu","doi":"10.1155/ije/6644708","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ije/6644708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> An increasing body of research has highlighted a close association between circulating inflammatory proteins and thyroid diseases. However, whether this relationship is causal or if immune cells act as intermediaries remains uncertain. <b>Methods:</b> In this study, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to investigate the potential causal relationships between circulating inflammatory cytokines/proteins, immune cells, and three thyroid diseases: Graves' disease (GD), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and thyroid cancer (TC). We conducted MR analysis using five methods, with the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) approach as the primary method. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity. To enhance result reliability, we applied a False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction to control for multiple testing biases. Lastly, we utilized a two-step MR design to explore the potential mediating role of immune cells in these causal relationships. <b>Results:</b> Our findings demonstrated a negative association between CCL19 and GD, suggesting that higher levels of CCL19 may be associated with a lower risk of developing GD. Additionally, CCL19 showed a positive correlation with FSC-A on CD4+ T cells, indicating that elevated CCL19 levels are linked to larger cell sizes (FSC-A) in CD4+ T cells. Moreover, FSC-A on CD4+ T cells was inversely associated with GD, suggesting that larger CD4+ T cells (with higher FSC-A) may be linked to a reduced risk of GD. These results indicate that immune cells may act as intermediaries in the pathway involving circulating inflammatory proteins and GD. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study establishes a causal relationship between circulating inflammatory proteins and immune cells in relation to GD, with immune cells serving as intermediaries in the pathway between inflammatory proteins and GD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6644708"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Protective Role of Cheese Consumption Against Type 2 Diabetes and Its Complications: A Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Shuwei Weng, Xin Guo, Chen Ding, Die Hu, Daoquan Peng","doi":"10.1155/ije/8880270","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ije/8880270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major global health issue, with significant complications impacting patients' quality of life, including neuropathy, ophthalmic issues, nephropathy, and peripheral vascular complications. Although dietary factors influence T2DM risk, the specific impact of cheese consumption remains unclear. This study uses a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the causal relationship between cheese intake and T2DM, along with specific complications, including ophthalmic and peripheral vascular issues. <b>Methods:</b> Using summary-level data from large-scale genome-wide association studies, we applied a two-sample MR approach. Genetic variants associated with cheese consumption were selected as instrumental variables, following criteria for genome-wide significance, linkage disequilibrium checks, and exclusion of pleiotropic effects. Robustness was assessed through various MR methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW) and MR-Egger. <b>Results:</b> The MR analysis found that increased cheese consumption was significantly associated with a reduced risk of T2DM (OR = 0.639, 95% CI: 0.482-0.847, and <i>p</i> value = 0.002) and its ophthalmic complications (OR = 0.386, 95% CI: 0.196-0.759, and <i>p</i> value = 0.015). No significant associations were found with other complications, including neuropathy, nephropathy, and peripheral vascular complications. Sensitivity analyses confirmed minimal heterogeneity and pleiotropy, supporting the reliability of these findings. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study suggests a protective role of cheese intake in reducing T2DM risk and its ophthalmic complications, potentially informing dietary recommendations for T2DM management.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8880270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Glucose Promotes the Ferroptosis and Dysfunction of Endothelial Cells by Downregulating SLC3A2 and Promoting the Development of Nephropathy.","authors":"Yingying Ji, Qi Wang, Jun Wang, Qi Zhang, Ying Jiang, Peipei Luan","doi":"10.1155/ije/1186113","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ije/1186113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Diabetic nephropathy, a leading cause of end-stage renal disease, is a major health concern. Its early-stage signs are unclear. Endothelial dysfunction, an early indicator, is suitable for early detection and intervention. However, current treatments mainly focus on glycemic and blood pressure control, lacking specific methods for targeting this dysfunction. <b>Method:</b> We reanalyzed GSE13535 dataset, which has single-cell RNA-seq of high-glucose-exposed endothelial cells. HUVECs were cultured in high-glucose and TNF-α. We conducted RNA extraction, qPCR, western blotting, iron measurement, TUNEL assay, and bioinformatics analysis. An antiferroptosis drug was used in STZ-treated diabetic mice. <b>Results:</b> Single-cell RNA-seq showed early endothelial cell dysfunction, along with ENDMT, cytokine release, and ferroptosis activation. SLC3A2 was identified as a key; its reduced expression was linked to more inflammation, fibrosis, and ferroptosis. Diabetic mice had low SLC3A2 and more ferroptosis in glomerular endothelial cells. A STAT1 inhibitor alleviated endothelial dysfunction. <b>Conclusion:</b> Endothelial dysfunction and ferroptosis are crucial in diabetic nephropathy. Identifying SLC3A2 as a key regulator gives insights into potential treatments. Fludarabine shows promise. Further research on mechanisms and strategies is needed to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1186113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Serum Vitamin D Status and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Extremely Obese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Yan Zhou, Chunyan Wang, Zhixing Wang, Xiaojing Wang","doi":"10.1155/ije/7945302","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ije/7945302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Vitamin D may play a vital role in glucose and lipid metabolism, but existing studies on this topic are limited and inconsistent. The aim of our study was to undertake an in depth exploration of the relationship between vitamin D and cardiometabolic markers in extremely obese individuals in North China. <b>Methods:</b> In this cross-sectional study, 293 adults aged between 18 and 60 years with BMIs higher than 35 kg/m² were recruited from Beijing, China. Serum 25(OH) D was measured using chemiluminescence, and concentrations of glucose, insulin, and lipids were quantified as well. Multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for potential confounding factors was used to assess independent associations between serum 25(OH) D and lipid profiles. <b>Results:</b> The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 81.2% in the extremely obese subjects, and the median serum 25(OH) D concentration was 12.88 ng/mL. Moreover, 25(OH) D levels were significantly negatively associated with the BMI and parathyroid hormone (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). After adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and HOMA-IR, 25(OH) D levels were positively correlated with HDL-c (<i>p</i> < 0.007) and ApoA1 as well (<i>p</i> < 0.001). No significant differences in blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, or HOMA-IR were detected between vitamin D nondeficient (≥ 20 ng/mL) and deficient (< 20 ng/mL) groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in extremely obese individuals in China, exhibiting significant correlations with higher BMI and lower HDL-c/ApoA1. Our findings underscore the importance of vitamin D deficiency as a correlate of cardiovascular risk. Prospective studies and randomized clinical trials are warranted to determine the effect of 25(OH) D on other cardiometabolic parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7945302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12226170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Patients With Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma With Bone Metastasis: A Population-Based Study.","authors":"Yisong Yao, Guibin Zheng, Xi Chen, Yaqi Wang, Congxian Lu, Jiaxuan Li, Ting Yuan, Caiyu Sun, Yakui Mou, Yumei Li, Xicheng Song","doi":"10.1155/ije/2209918","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ije/2209918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Bone metastasis (BM) is a significant risk factor for the survival and prognosis of patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). The aim of this study was to predict BM in patients with ATC. <b>Methods:</b> Demographic and clinicopathological data of patients with ATC were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2010 and 2020. Logistic regression (LR) was used to identify the linear influencing factors for BM. We developed prediction models for BM using six machine learning models: support vector machine (SVM), LR, adaptive boosting (AD), decision tree (DT), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), and random forest (RF). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values, accuracy, recall rate, precision, <i>F</i>1 scores, calibration curves, and precision-recall curves were used to determine the best model and evaluate its effectiveness. The SHapley Additive exPlanations algorithm was used to reveal the interpretability of the prediction model. <b>Results:</b> This study included 781 patients with ATC, of whom 78 (9.99%) patients occurred BM and 703 (90.01%) patients were free of BM. The XGB model significantly outperformed the other models, with the highest <i>F</i>1 (0.897), accuracy (0.878), precision (0.924), recall (0.900), and AUC (0.897) values. The results of the LR model showed that age, gender, lung metastasis, and liver metastasis were linear influencing factors. According to XGB model, metropolitan area, median household income, N stage, and race were also strongly associated with BM among patients with ATC. <b>Conclusion:</b> We explored influencing factors for BM and established a prediction model based on XGB that yielded excellent results in predicting BM in patients with ATC. This study provides a theoretical basis for early decision making in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2209918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12208758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules Using Next-Generation Sequencing in the Chinese Population.","authors":"Hui Chen, Wei Liu, Yan Chen, Zhengzeng Jiang, Yuanyuan Ren, Jiajia Wu, Rui Liu, Min Zhu, Hongfeng Zhang, Yuan Ji","doi":"10.1155/ije/7728360","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ije/7728360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology remains a challenge in the diagnosis of indeterminate thyroid nodules. Molecular testing can bridge the gap left by FNA cytology and improve the diagnostic accuracy of FNA. <b>Methods:</b> 786 FNA samples and 40 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens from thyroid nodules were enrolled in next-generation sequencing (NGS) molecular testing, which included gene mutation and gene fusion analysis. The molecular diagnostic performance was assessed by analyzing sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV). <b>Results:</b> Among 826 thyroid nodules, 409 were NGS-positive (49.52%), with a high prevalence of <i>BRAF</i> V600E (36.32%, 300/826) and <i>RAS</i> (9.32%, 77/826) mutations, a low prevalence of <i>TERT</i> promoter mutations (1.69%, 14/826), and gene fusions involving <i>RET</i> (1.82%, 15/826), <i>NTRK3</i> (0.73%, 6/826), <i>ALK</i> (0.24%, 2/826), and <i>PAX8-PPARG</i> (0.12%, 1/826). With the analysis of genetic profiles in thyroid nodules, <i>BRAF</i> V600E, <i>TERT</i> mutations, and gene fusions were included in the 6-gene test panel. The overall diagnostic performance of the 6-gene test panel, including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, NPV, and PPV, was 84.87%, 89.61%, 86.26%, 71.13%, and 95.15%, respectively. For thyroid nodules in Bethesda III, IV, and V, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, NPV, and PPV of the panel were 85.71%, 88.89%, 86.36%, 61.54%, and 96.77%, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> The results reveal that the 6-gene test panel as a \"rule in\" test in a clinical setting improves the accuracy of FNA cytology, potentially assisting in the diagnosis of the thyroid nodules with indeterminate FNA cytology.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7728360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12204740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Heterogeneity of Liver-Related Events and Extrahepatic Outcomes Across MASLD Phenotypes and Risk Stratification by Liver Fibrosis.","authors":"Xue Bao, Xiaowen Zhang, Dahui Xu, Yu Wang, Songjiang Yin, Xinlin Zhang","doi":"10.1155/ije/1262001","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ije/1262001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been newly proposed to characterize fatty liver disease. We aim to investigate the associations of different phenotypes of MASLD and related steatotic liver disease (SLD) with the risk of liver-related and extrahepatic outcomes. <b>Methods:</b> Among 368,886 United Kingdom's Biobank participants, those with MASLD and related SLD were categorized into pure MASLD, MASLD with increased alcohol intake (MetALD), MASLD with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), and MASLD with other etiology. The primary outcome was liver-related events (LREs). <b>Results:</b> During a median follow-up of 13.7 years, 2095 participants developed LREs. The adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of LREs for pure MASLD, MetALD, MASLD with ALD, and MASLD with other etiology were 2.46 (2.21, 2.73), 2.77 (2.39, 3.21), 8.73 (7.59, 10.1), and 26.5 (17.1, 41.0), respectively. Participants with MetALD, MASLD with ALD, and MASLD with other etiology showed a considerably higher risk of liver-related outcomes but a modestly higher risk of extrahepatic cancer compared to those with pure MASLD. A remarkably higher risk of LREs was observed in participants with a fibrosis-4 > 2.67. <b>Conclusion:</b> MASLD and related SLD are associated with increased risks of LREs and extrahepatic outcomes, with heterogeneous risks across different phenotypes and significant risk stratification by liver fibrosis severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1262001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Potentilla discolor</i> Bunge Ameliorates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Mice by Modulating GAS5 and miR-21 Expression.","authors":"Yan Yang, Wen Qiu, Jiyuan Xiao, Xuejian Hu, Jiang Han, Luxia Jiang","doi":"10.1155/ije/1394709","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ije/1394709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major chronic complications of diabetes. Podocyte injury has been identified as a factor in the progression of albuminuria in DN. <i>Potentilla discolor</i> Bunge (PDB), an important Chinese herbal medicine, has strong hyperglycemia- and hyperlipidemia-lowering qualities. However, its effects on DN are unknown. The present study investigated the effects of PDB and flavone, which are the main ingredients in PDB, on DN and the possible mechanism, with a particular focus on the contributions of the lncRNA growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) and microRNA-21 (miR-21). Our results showed that administration of PDB (100 mg/kg/d) and flavone (10 mg/kg/d) for 12 weeks significantly alleviated albuminuria and decreased serum creatinine in STZ-induced DN mice. Moreover, renal cell apoptosis was repressed and diabetes-induced pathological alterations were reversed. We also found a significant decrease in GAS5 and PPARα expression, while miR-21 expression was increased in diabetic kidneys and podocytes under high glucose (HG) conditions. Notably, PDB and flavone counteracted these alterations. Mechanistic investigations showed that both GAS5 and PPARα are specific targets of miR-21, and that GAS5 could compete with PPARα for miR-21 binding, alleviating PPARα inhibition. Finally, we confirmed that PDB and flavone treatment remarkably attenuated the altered levels of oxidative stress parameters in HG-exposed podocytes, as well as inflammatory cytokines and profibrogenic mediators in the serum and urine of STZ-induced DN mice, and in the supernate of HG-exposed podocytes. Moreover, the interaction between GAS5 and miR-21/PPARα was required during this process. The results indicated that PDB and flavone exert renal protective effects, at least in part, by regulating the GAS5 and miR-21/PPARα pathways, which is a promising therapeutic target for delaying the onset of DN.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1394709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) Combined With Obesity Leads to Elevated Thyroid Hormone Levels.","authors":"Shenjie Xu, Bin Xiang, Lu Ye, Yifeng Jin, Jie Li","doi":"10.1155/ije/1159707","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ije/1159707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Research indicates a strong link between obesity and alterations in thyroid function among patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Our study aims to investigate the thyroid hormone levels in patients with OSAHS combined with obesity. It seeks to elucidate the changes in thyroid hormones and their potential metabolic risks in these patients, thereby further clarifying the role and clinical significance of thyroid function alterations in OSAHS complicated by obesity. <b>Methods:</b> One hundred and thirty-four patients were divided into four groups, including the normal group, the obesity group, the OSAHS with the obesity group, and the OSAHS group. Serum levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were analyzed using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Clinical metabolic parameters (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]) and sleep respiratory monitoring indicators (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI], longest duration of sleep apnea [TAmax], oxygen desaturation index [ODI], mean oxygen saturation [M-SaO₂], and lowest oxygen saturation [L-SaO₂]) were also recorded. <b>Results:</b> The OSAHS with the obesity group demonstrated elevated FT3, TSH, and ODI levels but lower L-SaO₂ level than other groups, and the levels of TG and LDL-C were higher than those in the OSAHS group and the normal group. Additionally, TSH level was positively correlated with LDL-C and BMI, but negatively correlated with L-SaO₂. In the obesity group, FT3, TSH, TG, ODI, and TAmax levels were higher, while L-SaO₂ and M-SaO₂ were lower than those in the normal group. <b>Conclusions:</b> Patients with both OSAHS and obesity are at higher risk of developing subclinical hypothyroidism, with LDL-C, BMI, and L-SaO₂ levels likely contributing to changes in TSH levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1159707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12119152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidisciplinary Management of Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors During Pregnancy: Institutional Report.","authors":"Zhiyuan Xiao, Xiaopeng Guo, Yong Yao, Jifang Liu, Wei Lian, Kan Deng, Yu Zhang, Xia Zhang, Yuanli Zhao, Yi Zhang, Bing Xing, Huijuan Zhu","doi":"10.1155/ije/1854208","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ije/1854208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Management of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (pitNETs) during pregnancy is challenging. Involvement of the multidisciplinary team (MDT) may benefit the collaborative decision-making. However, this aspect has not been well documented. We provided cases with pitNETs during pregnancy and summarized our experience on the MDT-guided management. <b>Methods:</b> We performed a retrospective study enrolling all pregnant patients with pitNETs treated at our institute between March 1995 and July 2024. <b>Results:</b> During the indexed period, 121 patients with pitNETs consulted our institute during pregnancy, with 111 of them being treated conservatively and 10 undergoing surgery due to progressive visual defect and other symptoms. The age of the included surgical cases was 33 years, and the gestational session at surgery ranged from 13 to 36 weeks (1 in the first trimester, 4 in the second, and 5 in the third). Of the resected tumors, six were nonfunctioning and the other four were functioning (1 lactotroph, 1 somatotroph, and 1 thyrotroph). All surgical cases received MDT-guided management by physicians from neurosurgery, endocrinology, ophthalmology, obstetrics, pediatrics, and anesthesiology, leading to gross total tumor resection, improved visual acuity, and successful delivery in all patients. <b>Conclusion:</b> MDT guided management is essential for pitNETs during pregnancy. Surgical tumor resection is necessary for patients whose symptoms deteriorate rapidly. Transsphenoidal operation under general anesthesia is safe for pregnant patients with pitNETs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1854208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144158405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}