International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"Network pharmacology of ginsenoside Rg3 in the treatment of ovarian cancer: Mechanism of action and experimental verification.","authors":"Yibo Zhu, Xizi Lu, Xiaofeng Ding, Lujia Zhu, Guishu Zeng, Boyu Ren, Yi Yun, Xiang Li, Liliang Wei","doi":"10.5414/CP204674","DOIUrl":"10.5414/CP204674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) in the treatment of ovarian cancer (OC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We used a network pharmacology approach to identify overlapping targets of OC- and Rg3-related genes. The overlapping targets were used for enrichment analysis to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and identify hub genes. Significantly enriched pathways were validated using in vitro experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After identifying the relevant targets of OC and Rg3, 53 overlapping targets were identified. Enrichment analysis revealed that the PI3K-Akt, Ras, Rap1 pathways were significantly enriched. Ten hub genes (<i>AKT1</i>, <i>MMP9</i>, <i>STAT3</i>, <i>JUN</i>, <i>MMP2</i>, <i>EGFR</i>, <i>FGF2</i>, <i>PPARG</i>, <i>KDR</i>, and <i>HSP90AA1</i>) were identified in the PPI network. In vitro experiments revealed that Rg3 exerted therapeutic effects by promoting the apoptosis of OC cells and inhibiting the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of network pharmacology and in vitro experimental validation revealed that Rg3 may play a therapeutic role in the treatment of OC by promoting the apoptosis of OC cells via the inhibition of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. This provides a new idea for the clinical application of Rg3 in the treatment of OC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13963,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate-associated adverse events: An analysis of the FAERS database.","authors":"Yimin Lin, Qingxia Hong","doi":"10.5414/CP204738","DOIUrl":"10.5414/CP204738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to investigate the adverse drug event (ADE) signals associated with potassium ion binding agent sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC)using the United States Food and Drug Administration's adverse event reporting system (FAERS), providing insights for its safe clinical application.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Adverse reactions related to SZC were retrieved from the FAERS database, covering the period from May 2018 to September 2023. The analysis utilized several statistical methods, including the reporting odds ratio (ROR), medicines and healthcare regulatory agency (MHRA), Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN), and the Multi-item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (MGPS) method under the proportioanl imbalance approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 35 positive ADE signals were identified from 1,069 ADE reports where SZC was the primary suspect. These signals encompassed 10 different system organ classes (SOCs).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study successfully identified and analyzed ADE signals from the FAERS database, contributing valuable insights for evaluating the rationality and safety of clinical medication practices involving SZC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13963,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano and liposome cancer chemotherapy: A review of advances in drug delivery with applications.","authors":"Lianmei Zhang, Xinglin Jin","doi":"10.5414/CP204715","DOIUrl":"10.5414/CP204715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high incidence of malignant tumors continues to pose a significant threat to public health. In recent years, there have been notable advancements in tumor treatment methods, leading to substantial changes in the concepts and clinical approaches to treatment. The primary clinical methods for treating malignant tumors currently include surgical resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Among these, chemotherapy is one of the most crucial and comprehensive treatment strategies. The rapid progress in nanoscience has fostered the development of nanocarrier compounds and their clinical applications in disease treatment. Notably, nanomedicines, including goserelin sustained-release implants, doxorubicin liposomes, albumin-bound paclitaxel, and paclitaxel liposomes, have been effectively utilized in tumor treatment in China [1]. The article presents a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in utilizing various nanocarriers for combination therapy in tumors. It also examines the clinical application and efficacy of drug delivery carriers. The development of efficient and safe co-delivery systems that facilitate the effective transport and precise release of drugs within the cancerous tissues while also elucidating the internalization of nanoparticles into tumor cells and their functional mechanisms represents critical areas for future research. Concurrently, advancements in nanocarriers and tumor treatment are anticipated to yield superior therapeutic outcomes and improved quality of life for cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13963,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, as potential (off-label) anti-obesity agents and effects on cardiovascular risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Hye Duck Choi, Hyeon Kyeong Kim","doi":"10.5414/CP204749","DOIUrl":"10.5414/CP204749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are primarily used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes; however, they have also been reported to be effective in weight loss. We conducted a meta-analysis to consolidate evidence from randomized clinical trials assessing the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors, as potential anti-obesity agents, on cardiovascular risk in overweight and obese participants.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials involving SGLT2 inhibitors that reported cardiovascular outcomes in overweight and obese individuals. Random-effects models and inverse variance weighting were used to calculate relative risks with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We extracted and analyzed the data from 7 studies, representing 17,810 participants treated with SGLT2 inhibitors and 14,876 participants treated with placebo. The risk of cardiovascular events, including cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure, significantly decreased by ~ 27.8% in participants treated with SGLT2 inhibitors, compared to the placebo group (relative risk = 0.722; 95% CI 0.639 - 0.821).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant improvements in cardiovascular outcomes can be expected when SGLT2 inhibitors are used to treat diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or heart failure in overweight and obese individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":13963,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Components in <i>Prunus mume</i> and their targets in the alleviation of severe depression identified using network pharmacology analysis.","authors":"Xiao-Han Diao, Qiang Tao, Shao-Jun Zheng, Nai-Dong Chen, Sheng Li","doi":"10.5414/CP204729","DOIUrl":"10.5414/CP204729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Prunus mume</i> (PM), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is well known for relieving depression.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>To elucidate its potential therapeutic benefits for major depressive disorder (MDD), further research is required to investigate its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Using UPLC-QE-MS and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP), we analyzed PM's ingredients and targets. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database identified MDD-related targets. Enrichment analysis identified key components for MDD treatment, refined via protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and machine learning. Molecular docking with AutoDock software assessed binding affinity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 35 PM components and 691 targets. Bioinformatics revealed 1,105 differentially expressed genes in MDD. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed significant enrichment in protease binding, protein tyrosine kinase activity, and pathways like mTOR, Ras, and VEGF. PPI networks and machine learning identified five hub genes - SELP, MMP8, HK2, ATP1A1, and DAO - as therapeutic targets. Molecular docking analysis showed that PM ingredients - Quercetin, Luteolin, Tamarixetin, Isorhamnetin, 8-Hydroxykaempferol, Morin - bind effectively to key targets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study elucidates active components and potential mechanisms for treating MDD with PM, providing insights for future therapeutic targets and drug development.</p>","PeriodicalId":13963,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advantages of an abdominal anticoagulant subcutaneous injection procedure based on a personal digital assistant and positioning card system: A clinical trial with a historical control cohort.","authors":"Xue-Fen Xia, Zhi-Bo Chen, Chan-Chan Fang, Yu-Jie Xie, Fei-Fan Yan, Sui-Li Yang","doi":"10.5414/CP204754","DOIUrl":"10.5414/CP204754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our aim in this study is to investigate the advantages of a mobile personal digital assistant (PDA)-based anticoagulant abdominal injection positioning card in the subcutaneous injection process of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a historical control study. Convenience sampling was used to include 210 patients diagnosed with venous thromboembolism who received dalteparin sodium (Fragmin) injections in our department between January 2021 and December 2022. Patients were categorized into the control group and the experimental group based on the time period before and after the implementation of the PDA-based anticoagulant abdominal injection positioning card that was developed by the information research and development department of our hospital. The control group consisted of 105 patients treated before the introduction of the PDA-based card (January to December 2021), while the experimental group comprised 105 patients treated after its introduction (January to December 2022). Patients in the control group used subcutaneous injection positioning cards made of paper to determine injection sites, while those in the experimental group used the PDA-based cards to determine injection sites. Outcome measures, including the incidence of subcutaneous bleeding, time spent on the subcutaneous injection procedure, and patient satisfaction, were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of subcutaneous bleeding was 5.59% in the experimental group vs. 5.61% in the control group, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). The time required for the subcutaneous injection was significantly shorter in the experimental group (63.11 ± 3.59 seconds) than in the control group (83.38 ± 6.96 seconds) (p < 0.05). The patient satisfaction rate was higher in the experimental group (94.3%) than in the control group (80.0%) (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Use of the PDA-based anticoagulant abdominal injection positioning card to determine the abdominal subcutaneous injection site for LMWH does not increase the occurrence of adverse reactions of subcutaneous bleeding, and can ensure the accuracy of medication use and the safety of medication for patients, reduce the time of nursing operations, optimize the nursing process, and improve patient satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":13963,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of hyperkalemia occurrence in patients using co-trimoxazole: Clinical adjustment of a Markov model.","authors":"Fumiya Watanabe, Toshinori Hirai, Chihiro Shiraishi, Ken Tasaka, Takuya Iwamoto, Kazuhiko Hanada","doi":"10.5414/CP204681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5414/CP204681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Predicting the occurrence of hyperkalemia in patients undergoing co-trimoxazole treatment for Pneumocystis pneumonia is critical. However, other factors besides drug exposure affect serum potassium levels, and various interventions are often used to treat hyperkalemia in clinical practice. Therefore, we aimed to develop a Markov model to predict the risk of hyperkalemia under various intervention conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a retrospective, observational study. Information on daily dose of co-trimoxazole and hyperkalemia events was obtained from adult patients administered oral co-trimoxazole between 2015 and 2020 at Mie University Hospital (Mie, Japan). A Markov model with an intermediate layer was applied using NONMEM. The drug-effect model was assumed to have a maximum effective model. Bootstrapping and visual predictive checks were used to assess model validity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 271 patients with 4039 observations of potassium levels were included. Baseline serum potassium level was a significant covariate of drug response. The successful bootstrap completion rate was 99.5%, and each parameter estimate was consistent with the bootstrap median; therefore, the model was sufficiently robust.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Markov model, including an intermediate layer, provides a robust framework for predicting the risk of hyperkalemia, even in datasets where post-onset interventions vary from patient to patient. Thus, it is postulated that higher baseline potassium levels increase hyperkalemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13963,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-utility analysis of pembrolizumab versus nivolumab in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer from the perspective of the healthcare payer.","authors":"Zhen Lu, Xiaoyan Huang, Yingjuan Ou, Qinbo Wang, Qirong Tan","doi":"10.5414/CP204665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5414/CP204665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor with the third highest incidence worldwide. The comprehensive economic evaluation of programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors in China, however, has not yet been carried out. The aim of this study is to assess the cost-utility of pembrolizumab and nivolumab in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A Markov model microsimulation of efficacy and cost-utility analysis (CUA) was carried out, and efficacy and safety data were compared using network meta-analysis. Literature screening and data extraction were performed according to established criteria where the main outcome indicators, complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD) were compared between two treatments. The lifetime cost and outcomes of mCRC treatment were estimated, and quality-adjusted life years (-QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were used to evaluate the economy of each program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 442 studies were evaluated of which 15, with a total of 798 patients, were included in the analysis. Of these, 13 evaluated PD, and total patients for CR, PR, SD, and PD were 82, 283, 160, and 180 respectively. The corresponding heterogeneity values were (p = 0.13, heterogeneity index as percentage (I²) = 29.53%), (p < 0.01, I² = 72.55%), (p = 0.03, I² = 46.54%), (p < 0.01, I² = 80.31%), and (p = 0.13 > 0.05). The proportion of patients classified as CR in the pembrolizumab group was greater than in the nivolumab group (0.105 vs. 0.085). However, the number of patients classified as PR and SD in the nivolumab group exceeded those in the pembrolizumab group. The number of patients classified as PD were similar in the two groups. Combination therapy nivolumab + ipilimumab yielded an incremental gain of 0.04 QALYs at an additional cost of 356,723 ¥. The ICER reached 8,918,075 ¥/QALYs, surpassing three times the per capita gross domestic product (GDP).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both pembrolizumab and nivolumab showed beneficial effects in patients with mCRC. Nivolumab in combination with ipilimumab led to improved progression-free survival, but the values for ICER reached 8,918,075 ¥/QALYs. Treatment of non-resectable or metastatic microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H)/deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) advanced solid tumors CRC with pembrolizumab alone, in the Chinese population examined, was the most cost-effective, where the willingness-to-pay threshold was 242,928 ¥/QALY (100 ¥ = 13.75 US$ and 12.63 €).</p>","PeriodicalId":13963,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver dysfunction and long-acting aripiprazole: The importance of tolerability assessment.","authors":"Noboru Hokama, Kazuki Ota, Hideo Shiohira, Yoshikazu Takaesu, Katsunori Nakamura","doi":"10.5414/CP204687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5414/CP204687","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13963,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacology and longevity - Network pharmacology: Topics II 2025 and Call-for-Papers.","authors":"Barrington G Woodcock-Kloberdanz","doi":"10.5414/CPP63139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5414/CPP63139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13963,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}