International Journal of Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the Efficacy of Buccal Midazolam in Comparison With Intranasal Midazolam Sedation in Uncooperative Children During Dental Treatment.","authors":"Doaa Arnaout, Mohamed Altinawi, Imad Katbeh, Nikolay Tuturov, Ahmad Saleh","doi":"10.1155/ijod/4269519","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/4269519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Behavioral management techniques are not always sufficient, and then it is necessary to use pharmacological management methods. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of buccal midazolam sedation with intranasal midazolam in non-cooperative children during dental treatment. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A randomized single blinded comparative clinical study consisted of 40 children aged 3-6 years who were divided randomly into two groups: Group A intranasal midazolam and Group B buccal midazolam. The onset time of action and recovery time from sedation were compared between the two groups, and the efficacy of sedation was evaluated by Houpt behavior scale. The independent student's <i>T</i> test, Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test, the Wilcoxon test and the Chi-square test were used. <b>Results:</b> There were no statistically significant differences in the onset time of action (<i>p</i>=0.458) and recovery time from sedation (<i>p</i>=0.148). There were no statically significant differences between the two groups in sleeping, crying, and movement categories (<i>p</i>=0.747), (<i>p</i>=0.183), (<i>p</i>=0.732), respectively, or in the overall Houpt scale (<i>p</i>=0.393), there were statistically significant differences in the sleep variable between the two studied phases in the intranasal group (<i>p</i>=0.014) and in the movement variable in the buccal group (<i>p</i>=0.039). <b>Conclusion:</b> Both buccal midazolam and intranasal sedation were effective in the management of uncooperative children during dental treatment at 85% and 80%, respectively. <b>Trial Registration:</b> Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12624000945527.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4269519"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Level of Agreement Between Clinical Diagnosis and Two Cephalometric Analyses: Cephalometric Analysis for Orthognathic Surgery (COGS) and Soft Tissue Cephalometric Analysis (STCA).","authors":"Ankita Lohia, Siddarth Shetty, Amoli Singh, Shravan Shetty, Ashith M V","doi":"10.1155/ijod/8655040","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/8655040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Hard tissue analysis, such as cephalometric analysis for orthognathic surgery (COGS), defines the nature of existing skeletal discrepancies but is incomplete in providing information concerning the facial form and proportions of the patient. The soft tissue cephalometric analysis (STCA) accounts for the soft tissue drape, which, however, is subject to significant individual, gender, and age variation. <b>Aims and Objectives:</b> The purpose of the study was to evaluate the conformance of the diagnostic inferences derived from two cephalometric analyses, COGS and STCA, to the clinical diagnosis of experienced clinicians. <b>Material and Methods:</b> Lateral cephalograms of 120 patients were traced for parameters previously diagnosed by an oral surgeon and an orthodontist. Corresponding variables were taken from two analyses, COGS and STCA, defining the (1) position of the maxilla, (2) position of the mandible, (3) growth pattern, (4) upper and lower lip prominence, (5) severity of skeletal malocclusion, and (6) need for surgical intervention. The inferences derived cephalometrically were compared to the clinical diagnosis. <b>Results:</b> Kappa analysis was used to compare the agreement of inferences derived from COGS and STCA with clinical diagnosis. A <i>p</i>-value less than 0.016 was considered significant. The agreement of both analyses with clinical diagnosis was significant and fair when the position of the mandible and intermaxillary jaw relationship was considered. COGS showed better agreement for both. COGS additionally showed fair agreement with clinical diagnosis for growth patterns too. STCA showed fair agreement with clinical diagnosis when the need for surgical intervention was evaluated. For all other parameters, the agreement was poor for both analyses. <b>Conclusion:</b> COGS proved to have better diagnostic accuracy than STCA, except in predicting the need for a surgical treatment plan, where STCA appeared better. <b>Clinical Significance:</b> The findings provide significant insights that may improve the accuracy of diagnosis and decision-making in orthodontic and surgical interventions, ultimately aiding clinicians in selecting the most appropriate treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8655040"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11928218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemostasis and Gingival Healing-Polyurethane Adhesive Postextraction Under Rivaroxaban Therapy in a Rodent Model.","authors":"Marius Heitzer, Philipp Winnand, Marie Sophie Katz, Oliver Grottke, Zuzanna Magnuska, Fabian Kiessling, Frank Hölzle, Ali Modabber","doi":"10.1155/ijod/3384210","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/3384210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> At 31%, the risk of postoperative bleeding after tooth extraction is particularly high in patients who receive rivaroxaban therapy. The aim of this rodent study was to compare the hemostyptic properties and gingival healing between novel polyurethane-based adhesive VIVO and gelatin sponge (GESP) under ongoing rivaroxaban therapy over a period of 10 days. <b>Materials:</b> In total, 120 extractions of the first upper molar were proceeded in rodents treated with rivaroxaban. Of these, 60 postextraction sites were treated with VIVO and 60 with GESP. The duration of the surgical procedure and the clinical parameters of postoperative bleeding and wound evaluation score were recorded. In vivo fluorescence imaging and laser Doppler flowmetry and tissue spectrophotometry (LDF-TS) were performed. <b>Results:</b> GESP provided a faster procedure at 1:06 ± 0:17 min, but postoperative bleeding time was significantly shorter in VIVO sockets at 1:39 ± 0:03 min. Nonsignificant mild bleeding events and comparable wound evaluation scores were recorded in both treatments. LDF-TS showed a significant increase in mean oxygen saturation SO₂ (%) and mean blood flow (AU) for both treatments. Only GESP showed a significant increase in relative hemoglobin (rHb). <b>Conclusion:</b> In the context of a rodent study, VIVO showed favorable hemostasis and promising gingival healing properties postextraction under ongoing rivaroxaban therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3384210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Quaternary Ammonium-Based Antimicrobial Coating on the Mechanical Properties and Bacterial Adhesion to Gummetal Archwire.","authors":"Vincenzo Gramuglia, Steven Makowka, William Tanberg, Alan Zhou, Ashu Sharma, Thikriat Al-Jewair","doi":"10.1155/ijod/8157347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/8157347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This in vitro study investigated the mechanical and bacterial adhesion properties of Gummetal (GM) orthodontic archwire after application of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs)-based antimicrobial coating. <b>Methods:</b> Sixty orthodontic archwires were divided into three groups: coated GM (C-GM) group, consisting of a 0.016 × 0.022-inch GM core wire coated with QACs, and two control groups-one with a 0.016 × 0.022-inch uncoated GM wire and the other with a 0.016 × 0.022-inch stainless steel (SS) wire. The elastic modulus, yield strength, and static friction forces were compared between the C-GM and control groups. Measurements were conducted using a Dillon Quantrol TC2i universal testing machine. Surface roughness was evaluated using confocal profilometry, and bacterial adhesion was quantified through crystal violet dye staining. <b>Results:</b> The mean elastic modulus for the C-GM, GM, and SS groups was 6.68 ± 0.1, 6.71 ± 0.2, and 19.7 ± 0.4 GPa, respectively, with significant differences observed between the C-GM vs. SS and GM vs. SS groups (<i>p</i>  < 0.001). The mean yield strength for the C-GM, GM, and SS groups was 7.5 ± 0.1, 7.6 ± 0.1, and 19.5 ± 0.2 N, with yield strength being significantly lower in the C-GM group compared to the GM (<i>p</i>=0.036) and SS (<i>p</i>  < 0.001) groups. For friction forces measured within metal brackets, the C-GM group exhibited a mean friction force of 1.0 ± 0.1 N, which was significantly lower than both the GM (1.1 ± 0.1 N, <i>p</i>=0.017) and SS (1.2 ± 0.1 N, <i>p</i>  < 0.001) groups. Confocal profilometry analysis indicated that the SS group had the lowest surface roughness, followed by GM and then C-GM. The mean bacterial count for the C-GM, GM, and SS groups was 0.605, 1.066, and 0.882 AU cm⁻¹, respectively, with significant differences observed between each wire pair (adj. <i>p</i>  < 0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> The application of antimicrobial QACs to GM wires effectively reduced friction while preserving their strength and rigidity. Furthermore, the QAC coating demonstrated a significant reduction in bacterial adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8157347"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Subgingival Curcumin Gel With and Without Photodynamic Therapy as Adjunctive Periodontal Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Split-Mouth Clinical and Microbiological Study.","authors":"Doosadee Hormdee, Nisachol Tarawadee, Weena Rinsathorn, Subin Puasiri, Waraporn Suwannarong","doi":"10.1155/ijod/2575672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/2575672","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; The study aimed to determine the quantity of periodontopathic and total bacteria on subgingival plaque from patients with periodontitis and uncontrolled diabetes and to compare adjunctive periodontal therapy using topical &lt;i&gt;Curcuma longa&lt;/i&gt; extract gel with and without photodynamic treatment using blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Clinical periodontal parameters such as probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were assessed to evaluate the efficacy of the treatments. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Thirty patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), a history of poor glycemic control, and chronic periodontitis were enrolled in this clinical and microbiological split-mouth study. After conventional periodontal treatment, scaling, and root planing, the most severe sites on the premolar or molar teeth with periodontal pockets measuring ≥5 mm were selected and randomly divided into two groups: the &lt;i&gt;C. longa&lt;/i&gt; extract gel group (with a concentration of 25 µg/g) and the photodynamic group (&lt;i&gt;C. longa&lt;/i&gt; extract gel 25 µg/g irradiated with blue light energy density = 16.8 J/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; for 120 s). All teeth were examined for clinical periodontal parameters data (PD, CAL, plaque index [PI], and BOP) and microbiological data (&lt;i&gt;Porphyromonas gingivalis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Prevotella intermedia&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium nucleatum&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans&lt;/i&gt;, and total bacteria), measured using TaqMan Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction, at weeks 0, 1, 2, and 12. The Mann-Whitney &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt; test was utilized to compare clinical outcomes between groups, while the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test at a 95% confidence level was employed to analyze the amount of periodontal pathogens within the same group. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; After the 12-week follow-up period, significant improvements were observed in all clinical parameters across both groups. However, the reduction in both CAL and BOP was significantly higher in the photodynamic group compared to the curcumin gel alone group, indicating enhanced periodontal health outcomes in the former. Microbiologically, both groups exhibited a decrease in total bacterial count and a reduction in periodontopathic bacteria. Importantly, the photodynamic group demonstrated a significant decrease in &lt;i&gt;F. nucleatum&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;P. intermedia&lt;/i&gt; counts, key pathogens associated with periodontal disease progression. This suggests that photodynamic therapy (PDT), when used with curcumin gel, not only improves clinical parameters but also promotes a favorable shift in the periodontal microbial profile. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Our findings highlight that PDT with curcumin gel as a photosensitizer (PS) is more effective than curcumin gel alone in achieving clinical attachment gain, reducing gingival inflammation, and suppressing specific periodontal pathogens. This combined therapy approach holds promise for managing periodontal disease by addressing both clinical symptoms and mi","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2575672"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences Between Two Devices With Function of Periopolishing and Piezoelectric Scaler: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Alessandro Chiesa, Maurizio Pascadopoli, Andrea Butera, Marco Monticone, Maria Mirando, Filippo Vezzoni, Andi Kertalli, Andrea Scribante, Gianna Maria Nardi","doi":"10.1155/ijod/7131637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/7131637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental procedures often cause anxiety and apprehension in patients due to potential discomfort and pain. Understanding patient sensitivity and comfort is critical to providing effective dental care. The aim of this study was to compare patient and operator comfort between two devices with the function of periopolishing and piezoelectric scaler during guided biofilm therapy (GBT) sessions. A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 20 patients and operators. Primary outcomes, including pain, sensitivity, and operator comfort, were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS), while periodontal indices served as secondary outcomes. The results showed comparable levels of patient and operator comfort between the two devices, with higher airflow comfort reported for the Mectron Combi Touch and higher ultrasonic handpiece comfort showed for the EMS Prophylaxis Master. Both devices effectively reduced periodontal parameters without significant differences. These results indicate that both Mectron Combi Touch and EMS Prophylaxis Master offer viable options for efficient and patient-friendly periodontal treatment. The study provides valuable insights for improving patient experience and treatment outcomes in the dental office. Considerations for device selection based on clinical needs and patient comfort are discussed, as well as future perspectives for advancing preventive dental care. This research contributes to the ongoing topic of improving dental procedures to ensure optimal patient satisfaction and oral health outcomes. <b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05263622.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7131637"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root Morphology of First Permanent Molars Extracted from Adult Dental Patients of Similar Ethnicity in Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania.","authors":"Lorna Celia Carneiro, Risala Shaaban Tekka","doi":"10.1155/ijod/2531403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/2531403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Root morphology of first permanent molars has been reported to be complex and associated with ethnicity, age, and gender. <b>Objective:</b> To assess the external and internal root morphology of first permanent molars extracted from dental patients of similar ethnicity in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. <b>Methodology:</b> This descriptive cross-sectional study assessed the external and internal root morphology of first permanent molars extracted from adult patients attending dental clinics in Dar es Salaam. External morphology was visually assessed for root separation or fusion. Separated roots were assessed for the presence and direction of curvature using a graph paper with a drawn vertical and horizontal grid. Computed tomography scanning assessed the internal morphology of teeth embedded in wax blocks. Using transverse slice images at level of pulp floor, number and distance between canal orifices in a root were assessed. Data were analyzed descriptively. For associations, a <i>p</i>-value of <0.05% and 95% confidence intervals were used. <b>Results:</b> Of the 384 extracted teeth, 275 (71.6%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Majority, (64.2%) of mandibular molars were extracted from patients aged 18-40 years (70.6%) and females (57.6%). Three, (91.2%) and two, (98.0%) separated roots were observed in maxillary and mandibular molars, respectively. Distal curvature of maxillary mesiobuccal root (52.0%) was statistically significantly related to age. Mandibular mesial (83%) roots were curved buccal (<i>p</i>  > 0.05). Maxillary mesiobuccal and mandibular mesial roots showed higher proportion of two canal orifices with mean distance of 0.11-0.39 mm between orifices. <b>Conclusion:</b> The majority of maxillary and mandibular first permanent molars from Tanzanian adult dental patients had an external morphology of three and two separated roots with distal curvature of mesiobuccal roots of maxillary molars being statistically significantly related to age. The internal morphology of maxillary mesiobuccal and mandibular mesial roots showed higher proportion of two canal orifices with mean distance varying between 0.11 and 0.39 mm. Variations in root morphology were not related to sex.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2531403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparedness of Dental Undergraduates for Clinical Practice: A Comparison Between Evaluations by Students and Academic Faculty.","authors":"Kamis Gaballah, Kamran Ali, Daniel Zahra, Eteman Ibrahim","doi":"10.1155/ijod/9065801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/9065801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Undergraduate dental education aims to equip students with scientific knowledge, clinical skills, and behavioral attributes to prepare them for a career in independent dental practice after graduation. The purpose of this study was to compare self-reported preparedness of undergraduate dental students with evaluations by their clinical supervisors. <b>Methods:</b> A probability sampling technique was used to recruit final year dental students at a university in the Middle East. Preparedness of the students was assessed using a previously validated dental preparedness assessment scale encompassing 50 core clinical skills (Part A) as well as cognitive attributes and behavioral skills (Part B). The participating students were also evaluated by their clinical supervisors. <b>Results:</b> A total of 52 of the 70 students invited provided their responses, yielding a response rate of 74.28%. In addition, four clinical supervisors also evaluated the preparedness of the participants. The mean student ratings of their preparedness were significantly higher than ratings provided by their supervisors for Part A, <i>t</i> (93.13) = 7.48, <i>p</i> < 0.001; Part B, <i>t</i> (101.46) = 7.25, <i>p</i> < 0.001; and overall, <i>t</i> (98.48) = 8.25, <i>p</i> < 0.001. <b>Discussion:</b> This study compared students' self-perceived preparedness for dental practice with evaluations by their supervisors. The students rated their preparedness to be higher compared to the evaluations by their supervisors, indicating weak correlations between self-perceived preparedness and supervisors' evaluation. Nevertheless, evaluation by supervisors provides a powerful tool for students to compare their self-assessment and reflect on their strengths and weaknesses for work readiness after graduation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9065801"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights Into the Mechanism of Action of Chlorhexidine on <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>.","authors":"Karen Mejía, Adriana-Patricia Rodríguez-Hernández, Miryam Martínez-Hernández","doi":"10.1155/ijod/1492069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/1492069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chlorhexidine (CHX) remains the most effective antiseptic in periodontal therapy, multiple reports have identified ultrastructural antibacterial effects of CHX on oral bacteria, however, little is known about its molecular mechanism of action on <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, an important pathobiont directly associated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis. A standardized suspension of <i>P. gingivalis</i> ATCC 33277 was expose to 0.20% CHX for 1 min, then counting colony forming units (CFUs) were recovered to determine the percentage of microbial inhibition. Protein extract integrity of the bacterial cells exposed to CHX was evaluated on a one-dimension sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1D SDS-PAGE) gel. The identification of the proteins expressed by <i>P. gingivalis</i> after its exposure to CHX was carried out by mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Exposure of <i>P. gingivalis</i> for 1 min to 0.20% CHX resulted in a 93% reduction in bacterial viability, in addition to an increase of 2.9-fold in protein expression, with the Lys gingipain protein showing the greatest increase. Exposure to 0.20% CHX 1 min on <i>P. gingivalis</i> resulted in 93% reduction in bacterial viability, in addition to inducing changes in the bacterial proteome, with an increased expression of gingipains, the main virulence factor of <i>P. gingivalis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1492069"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roots Form and Canals Morphology of Maxillary Second Premolar in a Sample of Yemeni Population.","authors":"AmatAlkhaliq M Al-Sayaghi, Ahmed A Madfa, Abdulbaset A Mufadhal, Ibrahim Z Al-Shami, Ahlam M Al-Shami","doi":"10.1155/ijod/3380604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/3380604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The present study aimed to investigate the root form and canal anatomy of the permanent maxillary second premolar in a sample of Yemeni population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). <b>Methods:</b> A total of 362 CBCT scans of maxillary second premolars of Yemeni patients aged between 15 and 60 years were analyzed to determine the anatomy of this tooth including number and form of roots, number of canals, number of orifices, and root canal configurations. Chi-square test was used to analyze the association between different variables. <b>Results:</b> Of the 362 examined maxillary second premolars, 87.6% had one root, 12.1% had two roots, and 0.3% had three fused roots. Regarding the canal number, one canal was found in 181 teeth (50%), while two canals were found in 180 teeth (49.7%), three canals were found in one tooth (0.3%). One orifice was observed in 263 teeth (72.7%), two orifices in 98 teeth (27.1%), and three orifices were reported in one tooth (0.3%). Regarding root canal configuration, 98.6% of the sample were within the eight types of Vertucci classification. The majority of single-rooted second premolars (46.1%) exhibited type I canal configuration, type III found in 14.1%, and type II found in 9.9%. However, type IV found in 13.2% (48 teeth) of the sample, out of these, 88.6% (39 teeth) had two roots. Type VIII was observed in the three-rooted tooth (0.3%). Supplemental and additional canal types were found in 1.1% of the sample. Moreover, a new canal type was observed in 0.3% of the sample. According to Ahmed's coding system the most prevalent type was ¹MSP ^1-1 (46.1%) followed by ¹MSP^1-2-1 (4.1%), then type ²MSP B¹ P¹ (10.8%). Chi-square tests showed that the difference in root canal configurations among male and female was statistically significant. <b>Conclusions:</b> Root and canal morphology of maxillary second premolars among the evaluated Yemeni population is highly variable and requires cautious evaluation prior to endodontic treatment. Majority of the sample were single-rooted teeth, most of them had a complicated and variable canal configuration. Moreover, significant gender disparities in internal and external morphology were observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3380604"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}