International Journal of Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of the Cytoprotective Effect of <i>Morus alba L</i>. Fruits as a Means of Transporting the Avulsed Teeth.","authors":"Mihaela Chirilă, Ioana Suciu, Ecaterina Ionescu, Ionela Daniela Popescu, Eleonora Codorean, Elena Codrici, Lucian Chirilă, Oana Amza, Bogdan Dimitriu, Cornelia Nichita","doi":"10.1155/ijod/6661398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/6661398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to test the cytoprotective effect of <i>Morus alba</i> L. fruit extracts on cell viability and its suitability as a transport medium for avulsed teeth. <b>Materials and Methods</b>. Two <i>Morus alba</i> L. fruit extracts were synthesized, E1 and E2. The E1 extract was composed of fresh mulberry fruits, whereas the E2 extract was made from dehydrated fruits. The cytoprotective effect of the E1 and E2 extracts was determined using MTS testing over 5000 and 10,000 cells, after a 48 h incubation period, and sampling times of 1 h and 3 h. The concentrations tested were 50 μg/mL (E1A and E2A), 150 μg/mL (E1B and E2B), and 250 μg/mL (E1C and E2C). The data was analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and post hoc LSD (least significant difference) analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.1). <b>Results.</b> The post hoc LSD analysis based on the concentration of the E1 extract showed statistically differences (<i>p</i> < 0.1), and for the E2 extract, the results were highly significant (<i>p</i> = 0.011). As a function of concentration between the populations, there are significant differences between E1A and E1B (<i>p</i> = 0.071) and between E1B and E1C (<i>p</i> = 0.084), and statistically insignificant differences between E1A and E1C (<i>p</i> = 0.919). Significant differences were also detected between the E2A and E2B extracts (<i>p</i> = 0.047) and between E2B and E2C (<i>p</i> = 0.004). <b>Conclusions</b>. Analyzing the preliminary results of our study, we can conclude that the <i>M. alba</i> L. extract can be considered a potential transport medium for avulsed teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6661398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Assessment of the Fenestration, Dehiscence Frequency and Facial Bone Thickness in the Maxillary Anterior Region of Smokers Versus Non-Smokers: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ferena Sayar, Amirhossein Farahmand, Bahar Ebrahimi Kordasiabi, Ladan Hafezi, Mahsa Soleimani","doi":"10.1155/ijod/9783707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/9783707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To investigate the presence of fenestration and dehiscence. In addition, the thickness of the facial bone in the anterior region of the maxillary anterior teeth was measured using C.B.C.T. scans in both smokers and non-smokers. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The study used 300 C.B.C.T. Scans of patients with intact maxillary anterior teeth to assess the presence of bone defects in the fenestration and dehiscence areas. In addition, the thickness of the facial bone in the anterior region of the maxilla was measured in both smokers and non-smokers. <b>Results:</b> The study included 300 participants free of systemic or periodontal diseases. The subjects were divided into smokers (49.33%) and non-smokers (50.66%). The results showed that female smokers most frequently had fenestrations in the right premolar and left canine areas, with a majority rate of 1.57%. However, dehiscence was most common in male smokers, with the left premolar area being the most common with a frequency of 3.43%. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study found that smoking reduced the thickness of the labial bone in the anterior maxillary regions. In addition, female smokers had a higher frequency of fenestrations in the right premolar and left canine regions, and on average, smoking patients had the highest rate of dehiscence in the left premolar-maxillary region.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9783707"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Pilot Analysis of Oral Hypofunction Among Swiss Adults.","authors":"Murali Srinivasan, Lisa Takeshita, Cláudio Rodrigues Leles, Dusit Nantanapiboon, Manabu Kanazawa, Koichiro Matsuo","doi":"10.1155/ijod/8852345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/8852345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to explore the effects of age and sex on oral function, specifically focusing on the prevalence of oral hypofunction (OHF) in different age groups. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 126 healthy adults, evenly distributed across six age groups (20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70+ years), participated, with an equal number of men and women in each group. OHF was assessed using seven key oral function parameters: oral hygiene, oral dryness, occlusal force, oral diadochokinesis (ODK), tongue pressure, masticatory function, and swallowing function. Body mass index (BMI) and hand grip strength (HGS) were also measured. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, bivariate comparisons with effect size(ES) calculation, and exploratory factor analysis to identify underlying domains affecting oral function (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Results:</b> Older age groups exhibited a marked decline in occlusal force (<i>p</i> < 0.001), ODK (<i>p</i> < 0.001), tongue pressure (<i>p</i>=0.002), and masticatory function (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with moderate to large ESs. Factor analysis revealed three domains: chewing-related, tongue-related, and oral status. The chewing-related and tongue-related domains were impacted by age (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while the oral status domain showed no significant age-related changes (<i>p</i>=0.135). Additionally, the prevalence of OHF increased with age, with older participants showing a higher number of failed oral function tests. No significant differences in oral function were observed between sexes. <b>Conclusion:</b> The findings suggest an influence of age in oral function, particularly in chewing and tongue-related activities, contributing to increased OHF in older adults. These results highlight the importance of early detection and targeted interventions to maintain oral health and function in the aging population, with a focus on preserving chewing and tongue-related capabilities. The oral status domain, however, did not correlate with age, suggesting other factors might be involved in its deterioration.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8852345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of a Silicone Mask Improves the Reproducibility of Tooth Color Assessment for Whitening Clinical Trials.","authors":"Pier Francesco Porciani, Simone Grandini, Caterina Perra, Luca Porcu, Valter Torri, Luisa Diomede, Andrea Sarrica","doi":"10.1155/ijod/6221075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/6221075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to investigate the reproducibility of tooth color assessment by dentists using two different spectrophotometers, Rayplicker and Vita Easyshade Advance 4.0, with or without a silicone mask developed to place its tip in the same position. <b>Methods:</b> Twenty subjects participated in this cross-over study. Multiple color coordinates and correlated whitening index measurements were performed to compare the variability with Vita Easyshade, with or without the mask, or the Rayplicker. The intrasubject variability was evaluated in consecutive measures and over time. <b>Results:</b> In consecutive measures, each subject's variance and the percentage of the coefficient of variation (CV) were minimal for each score. Bartlett's test resulted in a more significant variance for Vita Easyshade with a mask compared with either Vita Easyshade without a mask or Rayplicker. The comparison of the values obtained before and after 2'30\" indicated complete reproducibility in variance and %CV data. <i>p</i> Values associated with the Bartlett test resulted in >0.90 for all the pre-post score comparisons, and no difference in pre-post %CV values was detected. Bartlett's test indicated that the measures with Vita Easyshade without the mask had significantly greater CV for <i>L</i> and <i>b</i> scores than those obtained with the mask or Rayplicker, which were similar among them. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study indicates that the silicone mask improves the precision of Vita Easyshade, and Rayplicker can be a valid alternative for studies measuring the changes in tooth color after whitening treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6221075"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12003034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Physicochemical Properties, Cytotoxicity, Antimicrobial Activity, and Flexural Strength of Self-Cured Acrylic Resin With Silver Nanoparticles on Delaminated Clay for Removable Appliances.","authors":"Reza Mahmoudi Anzabi, Baharak Divband, Mustafa S Tukmachi, Samin Vahedifar, Mahdiyeh Esmaeilzadeh, Fatemeh Yeganeh Sefidan, Morteza Jahanbani, Ali Rafighi","doi":"10.1155/ijod/7939455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/7939455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Aim</b>: Silver nanoparticles represent a widely utilized nanotechnology product, prized for their versatile properties including electrical and thermal conductivity, and antimicrobial efficacy. This study aimed to assess the impact of incorporating silver nanoparticles-delaminated clay nanohybrid (AgNPs-DC) into acrylic resin on its antibacterial and antifungal characteristics, flexural strength, alongside evaluating the toxicity, and biocompatibility of the resultant composite. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Two concentrations of silver nanoparticles were initially integrated into the clay. Subsequently, cold-cure poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) was modified with varying percentages (0.2, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt%) of AgNPs-DC. Various analytical techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, flexural strength, and elemental mapping were utilized to verify synthesis and determine physiochemical properties. Cytotoxicity assessments were conducted using mouse fibroblast cell line (L929), while antibacterial activity against standard strains of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>ATCC 25922</i>), <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (<i>ATCC 29212</i>), and <i>Candida albicans</i> (<i>ATCC 10239</i>) were evaluated using the colony count method. <b>Results:</b> EDX analysis confirmed the presence of clay and silver nanoparticles in the final acrylic resin. Samples with higher concentrations of silver nanoparticles (10%), AgNPs-DC (1.0% and 1.5%), and synthesized acrylic powder (80 µg/mL) exhibited increased cytotoxicity, with diminished cell viability after 5 days of incubation. Moreover, an escalation in AgNPs-DC concentration correlated with a significant reduction in colony counts of <i>E. faecalis</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, <i>and C. albicans</i> in groups with 5wt% of silver nanoparticles (<i>p</i> =  0.018, <i>p</i> <  0.001, and <i>p</i> =  0.004, respectively). Encapsulation of AgNPs-DC within the polymer mitigated its toxicity, while higher concentrations of silver nanoparticles (10%) demonstrated enhanced antimicrobial properties. The mean flexural strength in groups with concentrations of 0.2 and 0.5 wt% of AgNPs-DC was significantly higher than in groups with concentrations of 1 and 1.5 wt% of AgNPs-DC. (<i>p</i> <  0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> In conclusion, this study underscores the potential of PMMA modification with AgNPs-DC nanoparticles to confer satisfactory antibacterial and antifungal characteristics. Nonetheless, the cytotoxicity of the synthesized polymer increased with nanoparticle concentration and duration. Notably, ball milling proved effective in reducing nanoparticle aggregation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7939455"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Neural Networks Based on Sp7 Protein Sequence Prediction in Peri-Implant Bone Formation.","authors":"Pradeep Kumar Yadalam, Carlos M Ardila","doi":"10.1155/ijod/7583275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/7583275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Peri-implant bone regeneration is crucial for dental implant success, particularly in managing peri-implantitis, which causes inflammation and bone loss. SP7 (Osterix) is vital for osteoblast differentiation and bone matrix formation. Advances in deep neural networks (DNNs) offer new ways to analyze protein sequences, potentially improving our understanding of SP7's role in bone formation. This study aims to develop and utilize DNNs to predict the SP7 protein sequence and understand its role in peri-implant bone formation. <b>Materials:</b> and Methods: Sequences were retrieved from UniProt IDs Q8TDD2 and Q9V3Z2 using the UniProt dataset. The sequences were Sp7 fasta sequences. These sequences were located, and their quality was assessed. We built an architecture that can handle a wide range of input sequences using a DNN technique, with computing needs based on the length of the input sequences. <b>Results:</b> Protein sequences were analyzed using a DNN architecture with ADAM optimizer over 50 epochs, achieving a sensitivity of 0.89 and a specificity of 0.82. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated high true-positive rates and low false-positive rates, indicating robust model performance. Precision-recall analysis underscored the model's effectiveness in handling imbalanced data, with significant area under the curve (AUC-PR). Epoch plots highlighted consistent model accuracy throughout training, confirming its reliability for protein sequence analysis. <b>Conclusion:</b> The DNN employed with ADAM optimizer demonstrated robust performance in analyzing protein sequences, achieving an accuracy of 0.85 and high sensitivity and specificity. The ROC curve highlighted the model's effectiveness in distinguishing true positives from false positives, which is essential for reliable protein classification. These findings suggest that the developed model is promising for enhancing predictive capabilities in computational biology and biomedical research, particularly in protein function prediction and therapeutic development applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7583275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Time Analysis of Changes in Internal and External Root Temperatures Using Different Systems for Activating the Irrigation Solution.","authors":"Maria Eduarda Paz Dotto, Julia Menezes Savaris, Luiz Carlos de Lima Dias-Junior, Tamer Ferreira Schmidt, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi","doi":"10.1155/ijod/3385512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/3385512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> There is a concern regarding the heating transfer to the periodontal tissues after irrigating solution activation. Therefore, this study analyzed the real-time changes in internal and external root temperatures using different systems for activating the irrigant. <b>Methods:</b> Two single-rooted mandibular premolars were chemomechanically prepared. Three orifices were drilled on the root surface at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apical foramen with a spherical diamond bur. In one tooth, drilling was restricted to the cementum. In another tooth, drilling was performed close to canal dentin. Thermocouple sensors were coupled to the orifices and fixed with resin for temperature measurement. Irrigation was performed with 2.5% NaOCl at 25°C or 45°C. The irrigant was activated for 20-, 30- and 60 s using 3 different systems: passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), Ultra X (UX), and endoactivator (EA). For each initial irrigant temperature, time, and activation system, the tests were repeated 8 times, resulting in a total of 96 evaluations for the external and internal root temperatures (<i>n</i> = 48 for each). <b>Results:</b> Data was statistically analyzed with a multilevel linear regression model and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated. Then, four-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post hoc tests performed intergroup and intragroup comparisons. EA promoted lower temperature increase than PUI and UX (<i>p</i>  < 0.05). PUI and UX induced similar internal and external temperature changes when irrigated with NaOCl at 25°C.. <b>Conclusion:</b> The initial temperatures (25°C or 45°C) and the activation systems of the irrigant had influence on the internal and external radicular temperatures. The activation period had little influence on root temperature changes, which may be deemed clinically safe.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3385512"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11991866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Aqueous Propolis Extract in Reducing the <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> Count in Primary Teeth: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Majd Refaay, Mhd Bashier Almonakel, Samar Alsalameh, Ibraheem Hawary, Yasser Alsayed Tolibah","doi":"10.1155/ijod/7629615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/7629615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To evaluate the efficacy of 11% aqueous propolis extract in eliminating <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> in necrotic pulp canals of primary anterior teeth compared to 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. <b>Materials</b> and Methods: <i>E. faecalis</i> were isolated from necrotic primary anterior teeth with periapical lesions, cultured, and incubated using paper points. The research sample comprised 30 extracted single-rooted necrotic primary anterior teeth, divided equally into two groups according to the irrigants used. Access cavities were prepared, and working lengths were determined. Afterward, canals were shaped using K-files, contaminated with <i>E. faecalis</i>, and placed in an incubator for a week. Initial microbial swabs were taken, and then each canal was irrigated with either 3 mL of a hand-made 11% aqueous propolis extract or 3 mL of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite for 5 min. Postirrigation microbial swabs were taken, cultured on blood agar plates, and incubated at 37°C for 48 h, followed by colony counts. Statistical tests included the paired sample <i>T</i>-test, Wilcoxon signed ranks, and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> tests. The significance level was set at <i>α</i> = 0.05. <b>Results:</b> In total, 11% aqueous propolis extract contributed to a 61.8% reduction in <i>E. faecalis</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while 2.5% sodium hypochlorite contributed to an 84.1% reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The average change in logarithmic values in the sodium hypochlorite group was more significant than in the propolis group (<i>p</i>=0.002). <b>Conclusion:</b> In total, 11% aqueous propolis extract is antimicrobial against <i>E. faecalis</i>. However, its efficacy was less than 2.5% sodium hypochlorite.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7629615"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11991864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Protective Effects of MSC-Derived Exosomes Against Chemotherapy-Induced Parotid Gland Cytotoxicity.","authors":"Mahmoud M Bakr, Mahmoud Al Ankily, Mohamed Shamel","doi":"10.1155/ijod/5517092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/5517092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most popular chemotherapeutic agents used in various cancer therapy protocols. Cell-free therapy utilizing exosomes is gaining increased popularity as a safer option due to concerns over potential tumor progression following stem cell therapy. <b>Methods:</b> Parotid glands of albino were treated with a single bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSC)-derived exosomes injection (100 μg/kg/dose suspended in 0.2 mL phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]), a single 5-Fu injection (20 mg/kg), and BMMSC-derived exosomes plus 5-FU and compared to control group (daily saline injections). After 30 days, the parotid glands were examined using qualitative histological evaluation, immunohistochemical evaluation using rabbit polyclonal mouse antibody to Ki-67, caspase 3, and <i>iNOS</i>, as well as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to evaluate gene expression of <i>TGFβ1</i>, <i>TNF-α</i>, and <i>BCL-2</i>. <b>Results:</b> Histological examination of the parotid gland revealed that BMMSC-derived exosomes restored the glands' architecture and repaired most of the distortion created by 5-FU. Immunohistochemical expression of tumor proliferation and cell death markers were restored to normal levels in the exosome-treated groups that were similar to the control group. Furthermore, BMMSC-derived exosomes reversed the effects of 5-FU on quantitative gene expression levels and showed a significant decrease in <i>TNF-α</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and a significant increase in <i>TGFβ</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and <i>BCL-2</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05) when compared to 5-FU treatment. <b>Conclusion:</b> Within the limitations of the current study, BMMSC-derived exosomes have the potential to counteract the cytotoxic effects of 5-FU on the parotid glands of rats in vivo. Further studies are deemed necessary to simulate clinical scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5517092"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Oral Health Knowledge and Practices and Its Association With Sociodemographic Factors Among Government Employes and Their Clients in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Huda Nazar, Maddi Shyama, Jitendra Ariga, Sabiha Almutawa, Ozayr Mahomed","doi":"10.1155/ijod/8880948","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/8880948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Aim:</b> Oral health knowledge is a vital requirement for health-related practice. Adequate knowledge of oral health is important due to its influence to better oral health and in developing healthy oral health practices. This study aims to assess the knowledge, practices towards oral health, and its association with sociodemographic factors amongst government employes and their clients in Kuwait, as well as to provide information that could form the basis for targeted oral health promotion programs. This research also aimed at determining the pattern of oral hygiene practices of the adult employes. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> In this cross-sectional study, data were collected at the Ministries Complex and Housing Authority by a team of trained dentists using a customized questionnaire that was translated into Arabic language. The questionnaire included questions on demographic characteristics; questions about oral health practices; nutrition; knowledge of dental and oral health; and risk factors such as smoking and water pipe use. <b>Results:</b> Respondents in Kuwait demonstrate good oral health knowledge; however, daily dental flossing is inadequately practiced. Nutritional practices such as fast-food consumption and sugary sweet consumption are common amongst the employed adults. Males and smokers have poorer knowledge and inadequate oral hygiene practices. In multivariate analysis, employes having a post school education were significantly associated with an above median knowledge (AOR: 2.34). Male participants (AOR: 0.41) and smokers (AOR: 0.59) were significantly less likely to brush their teeth. Participants who used a water pipe (AOR: 0.57) were significantly less likely to floss their teeth. <b>Conclusions:</b> Majority of participants had a good knowledge level towards oral health. This study highlights the need for educational interventions focusing on comprehensive oral hygiene practices among adults. Further efforts are essential to increase awareness in workplaces to help encourage adult employes in Kuwait in developing healthy oral health practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8880948"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}