International Journal of Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Influence of Polishing Treatment on the Topography of 3D-Printed Provisional Resins: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Yousif A Al-Dulaijan, Abdulrahman Mohammad Aldossari, Abdulrahman Salem Bin-Jabair, Hamed S Alghamdi, Hanan Al-Johani, Abdulrahman A Balhaddad","doi":"10.1155/ijod/6315172","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/6315172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although 3D-printing has been increasingly integrated in the fabrication of provisional restorations, the evidence regarding the impact of different polishing regimens on their topographical features is unclear. This in vitro study assessed the outcomes of different polishing treatments on roughness measurements of 3D-printed provisional resin materials compared to that of a conventional polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Disc-shaped specimens were obtained from a conventional PMMA (GC Unifast III) and two commercially available 3D-printed provisional resin materials (Asiga DentaTOOTH, NextDent C&B MFH). Specimens were allocated into four polishing treatments: unpolished (control), conventional pumice, Optiglaze, or chairside polishing. Surface roughness parameters (Ra, Rz) were quantified with a noncontact optical profilometer after polishing treatment. Qualitative surface analysis was obtained with representative 3D topographical color maps. Ra and Rz data were analyzed with a generalized linear model and Bonferroni-corrected post hoc tests (α = 0.05). Lowest roughness was identified in Asiga DentaTOOTH and highest in conventional PMMA (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Optiglaze and conventional pumice yielded lower roughness measurements than chairside polishing (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and unpolished resins showed the most unfavorable roughness outcomes (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In conclusion, Optiglaze demonstrated promising potential in the improvement of 3D-printed provisional resin restorations' surface integrity, thus enhancing prostheses biocompatibility and long-term survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6315172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13677127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Health Service Delivery in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review of Access, Delivery, and Barriers.","authors":"Joseph Macadaeg Acosta, Win Myat Phyo, Rattapong Owasitth, Isi Susanti, Melika Gholamrezaei, Ying Zhou, Silmy Marintan, Pagaporn Pantuwadee Pisarnturakit, Chidsanu Changsiripun, Nipaporn Urwannachotima","doi":"10.1155/ijod/4906244","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/4906244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral health is essential for overall well-being, yet significant disparities in access to oral health services persist in Southeast Asia (SEA). This scoping review examines oral healthcare levels, service delivery models, quality of services, and barriers to accessing oral healthcare services in the region and to identify trends in the current literature on these factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies on oral health services in SEA were systematically retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, without restrictions on population, language, or publication date, from database inception through July 14, 2024. Study selection and data extraction were conducted independently and in duplicate by at least two reviewers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2660 records identified, 52 studies were included after the removal of duplicates, title/abstract screening, and full-text assessment. These studies covered nine countries, with Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia most represented. Among the key domains of oral health service delivery reported, accessibility (48.1%), comprehensiveness (32.7%), and coverage (30.8%) emerged as critical factors shaping oral health outcomes. Primary care services were the most frequently mentioned interventions. However, 80.8% of studies identified significant barriers to service delivery, including financial constraints, limited oral health literacy, and geographic challenges-disparities that disproportionately affect low-income and underserved populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights disparities in oral health services across SEA, with barriers disproportionately affecting low-income communities. The findings underscore the urgent need to improve accessibility and quality while promoting greater research efforts to inform evidence-based strategies for oral health equity in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4906244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Prevalence of Bruxism and Its Association With Stress Among Clinical-Year Dental and Medical Students at the University of Ghana.","authors":"Shadrach Terifu-Nenom Daabaar, Joseph Kwasi Nimako-Boateng, Daniel Tormeti, Alfred Dai-Kosi, Josephine Sackeyfio, Edmond Kubi Appiah, Edward Ohene-Marfo","doi":"10.1155/ijod/2469933","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/2469933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bruxism is a repetitive jaw-muscle activity characterised by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible. Current international consensus regards it as a motor behaviour rather than a disorder, and one that may act as a risk factor for tooth wear and temporomandibular disorders; psychosocial stress is among its most consistently reported associated factors. Clinical-year dental and medical students face intense academic and clinical pressure that may predispose them to both stress and bruxism, yet no published Ghanaian data on this relationship previously existed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among clinical-year (4th-6th year) dental and medical students at the University of Ghana, Korle Bu campus. A stratified sample of 291 students, proportionally allocated by course and clinical year, completed a self-administered online questionnaire comprising a 12-point bruxism knowledge module, a 10-item bruxism symptom screening module and the 30-item Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ). Prevalence estimates are reported with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Associations were examined using chi-square tests, multivariable linear regression, and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients, at <i>α</i> = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants had a mean age of 23.6 ± 2.3 years; 55.0% were male, and 85.2% were medical students. Only 19.6% (95% CI: 15.4%-24.5%) demonstrated good knowledge of bruxism, with dental students (48.8% vs. 14.5%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and final-year students (<i>p</i> = 0.04) significantly more knowledgeable. Self-reported awareness of awake bruxism was 36.1% (95% CI: 30.8%-41.7%) and of sleep bruxism 14.4% (95% CI: 10.9%-18.9%); on the composite 10-item screening score, 9.3% (95% CI: 6.5%-13.2%) of students met the threshold for subject-based (self-reported) bruxism, with no significant socio-demographic differences. High perceived stress was recorded in 8.9% (95% CI: 6.2%-12.8%) of students. Stress correlated significantly, though weakly, with bruxism symptom scores (Pearson's <i>r</i> = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.14-0.35, <i>p</i> < 0.001; Spearman's <i>ρ</i> = 0.212, <i>p</i> = 0.0003 (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Knowledge of bruxism is markedly poorer among medical than dental students, and among junior compared with final-year trainees. Self-reported bruxism symptoms are common despite a low rate of high perceived stress, and stress shows a modest but significant positive association with bruxism. Curricular bruxism education for medical students and proactive stress-reduction initiatives are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2469933"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Attractiveness Among the University of Khartoum Dental Students and Registrars.","authors":"Hiba Gafar A Ahmed, Adil Osman Mageet","doi":"10.1155/ijod/9110425","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/9110425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental aesthetics play a significant role in psychosocial well-being, especially among dental professionals who are both evaluators and subjects of aesthetic standards. In Sudan, limited data exist regarding the psychosocial impact of malocclusion among dental students and registrars.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics among University of Khartoum dental students and registrars.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 287 participants (188 dental students and 99 registrars) at the University of Khartoum, Faculty of Dentistry. Data were collected anonymously through a self-administered electronic questionnaire using Google Forms. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling for undergraduate students and proportional cluster sampling for registrars. The questionnaire included demographic items, the self-rated Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need-Aesthetic Component (IOTN-AC) and a modified 22-item Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). Analyses included descriptive statistics, independent-samples <i>t</i>-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, chi-square tests and multiple linear regression using SPSS Version 22.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 70.4% of participants selected IOTN-AC photo 1 as most representative of their dentition, and 58.2% reported being satisfied with their dental appearance. There was a moderate positive correlation (<i>r</i> = 0.452, <i>p</i>  < 0.001) between self-perceived IOTN-AC severity and psychological-impact scores. Females reported higher psychological-impact scores (<i>p</i> = 0.008), while registrars reported lower scores than students (<i>p</i> = 0.015). Higher IOTN-AC severity groups differed significantly in psychological-impact scores (<i>F</i> = 4.567, <i>p</i> = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Self-perceived dental aesthetic severity was associated with psychological impact among dental students and registrars. Psychological-impact scores also differed by gender and participant role. These findings support consideration of psychosocial assessment in dental education and patient-centred dental care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9110425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of the Electronic Cigarettes Vaping on the Salivary Superoxide Dismutase, Zinc and Copper in Comparison to Tobacco Cigarette Smoking.","authors":"Shahba'a Munther","doi":"10.1155/ijod/5582470","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/5582470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Electronic cigarettes (ECs) have adverse effects on human health similar to tobacco cigarettes. This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the impact of ECs versus tobacco cigarettes on salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD) and its cofactors, zinc and copper, as well as their effect on the periodontal health status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred sixty-five dental students (21-23 years) were categorised into: tobacco cigarette smokers, EC users and non-smokers (control). Unstimulated saliva was collected to determine the concentrations of salivary SOD, zinc and copper were analysed. Periodontal status was assessed by periodontal disease index (PDI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The salivary SOD, zinc and copper levels were slightly increased in non-smokers, followed by EC users, while they were slightly decreased in tobacco cigarette smokers, reaching significant levels (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). The smoking status (including the smoking types) showed a statistically highly significant effect on the three investigated biochemical markers (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). The periodontal index scores were elevated in tobacco smokers compared with EC users, while they were reduced in non-smokers; these differences reached significant levels (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). Negative correlations were recorded between the periodontal index mean levels and salivary SOD concentrations across the three groups (correlation coefficients = -0.441, -0.545 and -0.545), which reached highly significant levels (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). Periodontal index mean levels also showed significant negative correlations with zinc levels (-0.319, -0.323 and -0.343; <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). The correlations between the periodontal index mean and copper concentrations were non-significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Zinc, copper and SOD levels recorded statistically significant differences among the three groups. However, the magnitude of such differences was very small. Therefore, although statistically significant, these findings may not provide clinically meaningful or biologically relevant changes, where they could be affected by the variability within the study group.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5582470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Cell Proliferation, Osteogenic Differentiation, and In Vivo Angiogenesis Induced by Modified mRNA Encoding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A.","authors":"Noppadol Sa-Ard-Iam, Mana Naratippakorn, Chantrakorn Champaiboon","doi":"10.1155/ijod/8805818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/8805818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to determine whether pseudouridine-modified mRNA encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) -A induces VEGF production in human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), and to evaluate its effects on PDLC proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and in vivo angiogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PDLCs derived from healthy periodontal tissues were transfected with pseudouridine-modified VEGF-A mRNA using Lipofectamine 2000 (L2000) or treated with L2000 alone. VEGF secretion was quantified at 24-72 h posttransfection. Cell viability and immune activation were also assessed. Supernatants collected at 48 h were used to evaluate PDLC proliferation using the AlamarBlue assay. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by Alizarin Red S staining and the expression of <i>alkaline phosphatase gene</i> (<i>ALPL</i>), <i>RUNX2</i>, and <i>osteocalcin</i> (<i>OCN</i>). Angiogenic activity was evaluated using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay in fertilized White Leghorn chicken eggs (<i>n</i> = 7 per group). On embryonic day 8, filter papers loaded with supernatants from L2000 + mRNA, L2000 groups, Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline, or recombinant VEGF (rhVEGF) were placed on the CAM. After a 3-day incubation, newly formed blood vessels were imaged and quantified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PDLCs transfected with pseudouridine-modified VEGF-A mRNA produced significantly higher VEGF levels than the control groups for up to 72 h (<i>p</i> < 0.05), without affecting cell viability or inducing innate immune activation. VEGF-containing supernatants promoted PDLC proliferation. Direct VEGF mRNA transfection enhanced osteogenic differentiation and upregulated expression of osteogenic markers <i>ALPL</i>, <i>RUNX2</i>, and <i>OCN</i>. In the CAM assay, abundant microvascular networks with a characteristic spoked-wheel pattern were observed in both the VEGF mRNA and rhVEGF groups. Furthermore, the VEGF mRNA group showed a significantly greater increase in blood vessel formation than the control groups (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pseudouridine-modified VEGF-A mRNA effectively induced VEGF production, which subsequently enhanced PDLC proliferation, osteogenesis, and in vivo angiogenesis. These findings support the potential of pseudouridine-modified VEGF-A mRNA as a promising therapeutic approach for periodontal regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8805818"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Bleaching Effect on Tooth Color Change With Different Enamel Thicknesses: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Tayebeh Rostamzadeh, Nastaran Sohrabi Vaskeh","doi":"10.1155/ijod/6758360","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/6758360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Tooth bleaching efficiency may be influenced by enamel thickness, but the particular relationship is not well understood. This in vitro study investigated the impact of enamel thickness on color change following bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) or 15% carbamide peroxide (CP).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Sections were taken from 48 bovine incisors at the cementoenamel junction. Buccal surfaces were cut into 6 × 6 mm² blocks and randomly assigned to four enamel thickness groups: intact, 1, 0.5, and 0 mm (exposed dentin). Each group was separated into HP and CP subgroups. All specimen preparation, thickness adjustments, and bleaching procedures were performed by a single trained operator to ensure consistency and minimize bias. A spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade V) was used to evaluate color at baseline and after bleaching. ΔE00 and the whitening index (WID) were computed. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS v23 (<i>p</i>  < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated measures indicated no significant ΔE00 change with extra sessions (<i>p</i>  > 0.05), although WID considerably improved in all groups (<i>p</i>  < 0.05), except for complete enamel (<i>p</i> = 0.127). Enamel thickness had a significant effect on findings (<i>p</i>  < 0.05). Exposed dentin showed higher ΔE00 (<i>p</i>  < 0.05) but lower WID with CP (<i>p</i>  < 0.05), while HP was more effective on dentin (<i>p</i>  < 0.05). The 0.5 mm groups had limited reaction (lowest ΔE00/WID, <i>p</i>  < 0.05). values increased in enamel (<i>p</i>  < 0.05), but dropped in dentin. Most groups showed a significant reduction in values (<i>p</i>  < 0.05). The clinical relevance of WID was supported by the dissociation of ΔE00 (<i>p</i>  < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both agents performed best on intact enamel with a thickness of 1 mm. Enamel with a thickness of 0.5 mm had the lowest ΔE00/WID response. Exposed dentin (0 mm) had the highest ΔE00 but required HP for effective whitening. In this in vitro scenario, WID may be a more relevant efficacy measure than ΔE00. This emphasizes the importance of bleaching methods that are thickness-specific. A single session was sufficient for undamaged enamel; however, several sessions enhanced whitening in thinner enamel and exposed dentin.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6758360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Music Therapy on Pain, Anxiety, and Quality of Life During Lower Third Molar Extraction: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.","authors":"Antônio Asriel Dos Santos Almeida, Bárbara Albuquerque Azevedo, Giselly Dos Santos Gomes, Mara Bianca Campos de Araújo, Maria Cecília Dantas Gadelha, Bruna Larissa Dos Santos Pinto, Isadora Idelfonso Monteiro Rodrigues, Rebeca Freitas Lima, Ana Rebeca Fernandes da Silveira, Marina Gurgel Tavares Guerra, Milena Alves Coutinho, Julianne Coelho da Silva, Rosária Emanuelly Oliveiras Bonfim, Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva, Edson Luiz Cetira Filho","doi":"10.1155/ijod/2182937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/2182937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Third molar extractions are commonly associated with anxiety, pain, and a negative impact on oral health-related quality of life, potentially compromising patient recovery and overall well-being. Nonpharmacological approaches, such as music therapy, have been investigated as adjunctive strategies to improve perioperative outcomes. This randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial evaluated the effects of music therapy in 42 patients undergoing third molar extraction, who were allocated into two groups: with and without music therapy. The primary outcomes were pain, assessed using the visual analog scale, and anxiety, measured using the <i>Dental Anxiety Scale</i>, while oral health-related quality of life, evaluated using the <i>Oral Health Impact Profile</i> (OHIP-14), was considered a secondary outcome. The control group showed higher systolic blood pressure and respiratory rate. Pain levels increased intraoperatively and decreased postoperatively in both groups, with lower immediate postoperative pain scores observed in the music therapy group. No significant differences were found regarding anxiety levels or quality-of-life outcomes. These findings suggest that music therapy may contribute to the reduction of physiological parameters, such as blood pressure and respiratory rate, as well as participants pain perception, supporting its use as a complementary nonpharmacological strategy in third molar extraction procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2182937"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Airborne Particle Abrasion and Nitric-Hydrofluoric Acid Etching on the Mechanical and Structural Properties of 3Y- and 5Y-TZP Zirconia.","authors":"Yasser M Aly, Magued H Fahmy, Ghada Ayash, Ola Taha","doi":"10.1155/ijod/3811328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/3811328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Surface treatment is essential for optimizing zirconia bonding, but conventional airborne-particle abrasion (APA) may compromise its mechanical properties, particularly in highly translucent materials. Nitric-hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching has recently emerged as a potential alternative, yet its influence on the surface characteristics and mechanical performance of different zirconia generations remains inadequately understood. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of APA and nitric-HF etching on the surface roughness, crystalline structure, and biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP) and 5 mol% Y-TZP (5Y-TZP) zirconia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-six disc-shaped specimens (10 mm diameter × 1.5 mm thickness) were milled from 3Y-TZP (ZI) (<i>n</i> = 48) and 5Y-TZP (FX) (<i>n</i> = 48). Each zirconia type was randomly allocated into four treatment subgroups (<i>n</i> = 12 per subgroup; 8 subgroups in total): (1) untreated control, (2) APA-50, (3) APA-120, and (4) Zircos E etching. Surface roughness (Ra) was measured using a Marsurf Ps10 surface roughness analyzer, while the crystalline structure was assessed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) diffraction and BFS was evaluated using a universal testing machine according to ISO 6872. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA (<i>α</i> = 0.05), followed by posthoc tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>APA-120 showed the highest Ra values (ZI = 1.09 ± 0.29 µm; FX = 0.69 ± 0.12 µm), significantly higher than those of all other treatments (<i>p</i>  < 0.001). Acid etching produced Ra values comparable to the controls (ZI = 0.38 ± 0.06 µm; FX = 0.47 ± 0.03 µm; <i>p</i>  > 0.05). for XRD, 5Y zirconia remained stable across all treatments, while 3Y zirconia showed slight peak intensity changes and minor tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation after APA, with no change after acid etching. BFS was consistently higher in ZI than in FX (<i>p</i>  < 0.001). The highest strength was recorded for untreated ZI (1059 ± 103 MPa), whereas the lowest was observed for FX after APA-120 (420 ± 80 MPa). Zircos-E preserved 84.7% of the control strength in ZI (897 ± 153 MPa) and 96% in FX (479 ± 97 MPa), whereas APA-120 reduced strength by ~20% in 3Y-TZP and 16% in 5Y-TZP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>APA with 120 µm Al₂O₃ maximizes microroughness but compromises the flexural strength. Zircos E etching produced limited surface roughness changes while preserving crystalline stability and flexural strength in both zirconia generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3811328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Assessment of Observed Dentinal Defects Following Root Canal Preparation With TruNatomy, ProTaper Next, and Dia-X Nickel-Titanium Rotary Systems: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Shakhawan Kadir Kadir, Khanda Ali Kareem","doi":"10.1155/ijod/2003578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/2003578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endodontic treatment relies on effective root canal preparation using nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments; however, dentinal defects may be observed following mechanical canal preparation. A total of 40 extracted human mandibular premolars with single roots and single straight canals were randomly allocated into four groups (<i>n</i> = 10), control (unprepared), TruNatomy (TRN), ProTaper Next (PTN), and Dia-X. Root canal was prepared using an ENDO-MATE DT endodontic motor (NSK, Japan), and horizontally sectioned from the apex using a low-speed diamond disc, corresponding to apical, middle, and coronal root thirds, respectively. Dentinal microcracks were evaluated under a stereomicroscope at ×20 magnification. Dentinal defects were observed in all instrumented groups, while the unprepared control group showed the lowest incidence, with defects detected at the apical and coronal thirds (10% each). No statistically significant differences were found among the three rotary systems at the apical (<i>p</i> = 0.211), middle (<i>p</i> = 0.069), or coronal (<i>p</i> = 0.600) levels. However, overall comparison showed a statistically significant difference among groups (<i>p</i> = 0.043), with significant differences between the control group and TRN (<i>p</i> = 0.045), PTN (<i>p</i> = 0.045), and Dia-X (<i>p</i> = 0.010). Dentinal defects were detected at different root levels following preparation with all three rotary systems, with higher overall defect incidence than in the unprepared control group; however, the present methodology does not allow definitive attribution of these defects to instrumentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2003578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}