{"title":"Different Composite Veneer Surface Preparations for Metal Orthodontic Bracket Bonding: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Maryam Omidkhoda, Maryam Hosseini Rivandi, Hamideh Sadat Mohammadipour, Mahboobe Dehghani","doi":"10.1155/ijod/2175748","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/2175748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This research aimed to assess the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets bonded to composite veneers using different surface preparations. <b>Methods:</b> One-hundred composite disks were divided into 10 different groups whereby each group combines a surface preparation (roughening or no roughening), etching agent (37% phosphoric or 9.5% hydrofluoric acid), adhesive protocol (self-etch or total-etch), and bonding agent (with or without G-Premio Bond). Orthodontic metal brackets were bonded to prepared composite surfaces by Transbond XT resin and light-cured. The prepared samples were incubated at 37˚C for 24 h and underwent thermocycling. A universal testing machine was loaded until the failure moment to assess SBS. Adhesive remnant index (ARI) was used to classify the failure sites between the composite surface and bracket base. Tukey, Fisher's exact, and chi-square tests were used for statistical analyses. Statistical significance level was 0.05. <b>Results:</b> Surface roughening and the type of material used for surface preparation significantly affected bond strength (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in bond strength between phosphoric acid and hydrofluoric acid (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The highest bond strength was observed in the group with roughening + total-etch with phosphoric acid + G-Premio Bond (10.24 ± 2.99 MPa). The lowest bond strength was found in the group without roughening, etched with phosphoric acid (1.47 ± 1.06 MPa). In the groups without roughening, ARI scores of 0 and 1 were found, while in the groups with roughening, ARI scores of 0, 1, and 4 were observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> The SBS with G-Premio Bond is high with ARI score 4 which may pose a risk of damage to the veneers during debonding. Therefore, surface preparation of the veneers that result in lesser bond strength should be used unless in patients with frequent bracket breakages.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2175748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Navigating the Complexities of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: Challenges and Strategies in Pediatric Dentistry.","authors":"Zuhair Al-Nerabieah, Muaaz AlKhouli, Mayssoon Dashash","doi":"10.1155/ijod/9329492","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/9329492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) presents a multifaceted challenge in pediatric dentistry, impacting diagnostics, clinical management, resource accessibility, and psychosocial care. The condition's complexity is exacerbated by diagnostic variability, overlapping clinical symptoms, and the need for tailored treatment approaches. <b>Objectives:</b> This study aims to explore the key challenges associated with the management of MIH in pediatric dentistry, including diagnostic precision, clinical management, resource limitations, interdisciplinary care, long-term follow-up, and psychosocial impact, and to propose strategies for overcoming these obstacles. <b>Methods:</b> A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify and synthesize existing evidence on MIH's etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. The review highlighted the barriers encountered in providing optimal care, particularly in resource-constrained settings, and explored potential solutions through clinical and interdisciplinary approaches. <b>Results:</b> The key findings included the need for standardized diagnostic criteria, the role of individualized treatment plans, and the importance of resource allocation. Limited access to specialized equipment and education hampers care, especially in under-resourced areas. Long-term management complexities were further compounded by the necessity for interdisciplinary collaboration and attention to psychosocial factors affecting pediatric patients. <b>Conclusion:</b> Effective MIH management requires standardized diagnostic protocols, resource advocacy, interdisciplinary collaboration, and holistic patient care. Advancements in research, education, and policy are essential to improve outcomes in pediatric patients. By addressing both clinical and psychosocial challenges, the overall well-being of MIH-affected children can be enhanced.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9329492"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamed Karkehabadi, Abbas Shokri, Negar Banitalebi, Roshanak Abbasi
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Canal Transport and Centralization Between ProTaper Next and XP-endo Shaper Systems Using CBCT Analysis: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Hamed Karkehabadi, Abbas Shokri, Negar Banitalebi, Roshanak Abbasi","doi":"10.1155/ijod/7245596","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/7245596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> This study compared the apical transportation and centering ratio of ProTaper Next (PTN) and XP-endo Shaper (XPS) nickel titanium (NiTi) rotary files in curved root canals using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). <b>Methodology:</b> The current in vitro study involved the mesiobuccal canals of mesial roots in 44 extracted mandibular first molars that exhibited apical curvature ranging from 10° to 30°. Two experimental groups were randomly formed from the teeth (<i>n</i> = 22) and subjected to instrumentation with PTN and XPS. CBCT scans were performed before and after instrumentation on the teeth, and the apical transport and centering ratio were calculated at 3, 4, and 5 mm from the apex. Group comparisons were conducted using an independent <i>t</i>-test with a significance level set at alpha = 0.05. <b>Results:</b> Comparisons within groups did not reveal any statistically significant differences in the magnitude of canal transportation in the buccolingual (BL) and mesiodistal (MD) directions at any level from the apex, neither in the XPS group nor in the PTN group (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Canal transportation in both BL and MD directions was significantly greater in PTN than in XPS (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The centering ratio in the MD and BL directions was the same at 3, 4, and 5 mm from the apex in the PTN (<i>p</i> > 0.05) and also in the XPS (<i>p</i> > 0.05) groups. The centering ratio was significantly higher in XPS than in PTN (<i>p</i> < 0.05) except at 5 mm from the apex in the MD direction and 4 and 5 mm from the apex in the BL direction (<i>p</i> > 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Both buccolingually and mesiodistally, PTN led to greater apical transport than XPS and also showed a lower centering ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7245596"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rozina Akter, Mohammad Ali Asgor Moral, Khalequzzaman Md, Bashar A K M
{"title":"Biomimetic Effect of Saliva on Human Tooth Enamel: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study.","authors":"Rozina Akter, Mohammad Ali Asgor Moral, Khalequzzaman Md, Bashar A K M","doi":"10.1155/ijod/1664620","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/1664620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Due to the presence of ion reservoir, saliva may facilitate enamel remineralization and neutralize pH of acidic beverage leads to prevent enamel demineralization. Saliva substitute/artificial saliva has been developed in subsequent years and may differ in physical properties, function, or pH level from 5.0 to 7.3. <b>Objectives:</b> To evaluate the biomimetic effect of saliva (neutralization) on tooth enamel exposed to carbonated beverage (pH 2.44) and to observe therapeutic capability (remineralization) of artificial saliva over previously eroded (grade 3 and grade 5) enamel surface. <b>Methods:</b> After scanning with electron microscope (SEM-EDX), nondemineralized crown samples (<i>n</i> = 40) were randomly grouped into two. Samples (50%) were flushed all around to carbonated beverage with collected natural saliva bathing simultaneously (experimental group, <i>n</i> = 20), and the rest flushed to beverage only without saliva bathing simultaneously (control group, <i>n</i> = 20). Flushing action was performed for 3 min by a customized digital automatic flusher for 30 times for each sample. Samples (<i>n</i> = 40) were further scanned under SEM-EDX to evaluate the demineralization grade and concentration of Ca, P, O, and C elements of crown samples to find out the neutralization effect of saliva. In the second phase, already demineralized crown samples (<i>n</i> = 30) were randomly treated with artificial saliva having two different pH (7 or 6.8, experimental groups) and distilled water (control group) for 15 min 3 times daily for 30 days. The remineralization score of experimental samples was graded, and therapeutic capability was established. <b>Results:</b> Samples, when exposed to a carbonated beverage with saliva bathing simultaneously, showed low level of demineralization (mean 2.9 ± 0.3) than the control (without saliva) (mean 4.8 ± 0.3) (<i>p</i> = 0.01) which indicated neutralization (bioimimetic) effect of natural saliva. All (100%) of demineralized samples treated with both artificial saliva (pH 7 or pH 6.8) showed significant remineralization (<i>p</i> = 0.01), thus revealed biomimetic capacity. SEM-EDX analysis showed initial (before beverage exposure) concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, oxygen, and carbon elements of crown samples were 32.48%, 31.5%, 28.3%, and 5.5%, respectively. The calcium (Ca) (9.7%) and phosphorous (P) (18.5%) values were more decreased after beverage exposure without saliva bathing simultaneously compared to after beverage exposure with saliva bathing simultaneously. The concentration of oxygen (54.4%) and carbon (15.5%) were more increased after beverage exposure without saliva bathing simultaneously compared to after beverage exposure with saliva bathing simultaneously. Though the concentration of calcium (38.5%) of the crown sample was increased after treatment with artificial saliva (pH 7), but the phosphorus (18.5%) concentration of the crown sample was not increased. <b>Con","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1664620"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amir Jalal Abbasi, Mojtaba Azadbakht, Farzaneh Mosavat, Mahsa Bayati
{"title":"Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of the Mandibular Condyle and Articular Spaces Following Orthognathic Surgery Using Freehand Articulation Method in Patients With Class II and III Skeletal Deformity.","authors":"Amir Jalal Abbasi, Mojtaba Azadbakht, Farzaneh Mosavat, Mahsa Bayati","doi":"10.1155/ijod/4269097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/4269097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to assess the changes in the position and size of articular spaces and anteroposterior and mediolateral condyle dimensions following orthognathic surgery. Additionally, it evaluated the correlation between these changes and mandibular movement during surgery. <b>Methods:</b> This experimental study examined 31 patients (16 with Class III and 15 with Class II malocclusions) who were candidates for orthognathic surgery. Bimaxillary orthognathic surgery was performed on 23 patients, while monomaxillary orthognathic surgery (mandible) was performed on 8 patients. Condyle positioning was achieved using the classic method. In pre- and postsurgical cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, the anteroposterior and mediolateral dimensions of the condyle and spaces and the intercondylar angle were measured. The results were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, with a <i>p</i>-value of less than 0.05 considered significant. <b>Results:</b> The medial and lateral condyle dimensions and the upper articular space did not change significantly after orthognathic surgery in both Class II and III groups. However, the posterior articular space dimensions showed a statistically significant reduction in both groups. Although the anterior articular space dimensions increased in both groups, this increase was significant only in the Class II group. Additionally, there was a significant relationship between the extent of mandibular advancement or setback and changes in both groups' anterior and posterior articular space dimensions and the upper articular space dimensions in the Class II group. <b>Conclusion:</b> The classic method for condyle positioning is a suitable approach for orthognathic surgery. The most notable changes were observed in the anterior and posterior articular spaces, likely due to the backward force applied to the proximal part during the fixation stage. According to the evaluations and Spearman's rho, the likelihood of changes in anterior and posterior articular space dimensions increases with more significant advancement and setback.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4269097"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Cyclic Loading on the Fixture-Abutment Microgap in Short Implants Versus Standard Implants: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Gholamreza Esfahanizadeh, Ezatollah Jalalian, Seyyede Niloufar Salehi, Mahsa Ghasemi, Shaghayegh Golalipour","doi":"10.1155/ijod/4723112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/4723112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to assess the effect of cyclic loading on the amount of fixture-abutment microgap in short implants compared to standard implants. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> This in vitro experimental study was conducted on two groups of short and standard implants (<i>n</i> = 10). The microgap at the fixture-abutment interface was measured under a light microscope at ×75 magnification. The implants were mounted in an acrylic resin to simulate the jawbone. They were then subjected to cyclic loading by applying 75 N load with 1 Hz frequency along the longitudinal axis of each implant (perpendicular to the abutment surface). After 500,000 cycles, corresponding to 20 months of mastication in the oral environment, the implants were removed from the acrylic resin, and the microgap at the fixture-abutment interface was measured again under a stereomicroscope by a blinded examiner. Data were then analyzed by <i>t</i>-test using SPSS version 22 (<i>α</i> = 0.05). <b>Results:</b> The mean microgap was 13.59 ± 3.80 µm in the standard and 20.41 ± 11.30 µm in the short implants before cyclic loading (<i>p</i>=0.087). These values changed to 15.22 ± 5.44 and 24.53 ± 21.85 µm, respectively, after cyclic loading. No significant difference was noted in the amount of microgap between the standard and short implants after cyclic loading (<i>p</i>=0.222). <b>Conclusion:</b> Cyclic loading increased the amount of fixture-abutment microgap in both the standard and short implants. However, the difference in this respect was not significant between the two implant lengths. Thus, short implants could be reliably used in patients with limitations for surgery to restore function and esthetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4723112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11698602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahra Vasegh, Yaser Safi, Kazem Dalaei, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Nasim Tayari
{"title":"Position and Dimensions of the Mandibular Condyle in Various Anterior-Posterior Skeletal Patterns: A CBCT Imaging Study in a Sample of Iranian People.","authors":"Zahra Vasegh, Yaser Safi, Kazem Dalaei, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Nasim Tayari","doi":"10.1155/ijod/5895594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/5895594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> The aim of this comparative observational study is to evaluate and compare the size and position of the condyle among male and female patients with different skeletal patterns in the anterior-posterior dimension using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> CBCT images of 120 patients, all prepared for other treatment purposes under the same conditions, were included in the study. The patients were classified into three groups-class I, class II, and class III-based on ANB angles and Wits analysis. The size of the condyle was measured in terms of width, height, and length. The position of the condyle was assessed by measuring the superior joint space (SS), anterior joint space (AS), and posterior joint space (PS) on the right and left sides separately. The measurements and results were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and Bonferroni analysis. A statistical significance level of <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered. <b>Results:</b> The study found no statistically significant differences in the size of the SS and AS (<i>p</i> = 0.481 and <i>p</i> = 0.392, respectively) across different skeletal patterns. However, the size of the PS was significantly greater in class I subjects compared to class III subjects (<i>p</i> = 0.015). There were no statistically significant differences in condyle height and width among the different skeletal patterns (<i>p</i> = 0.367 and <i>p</i> = 0.720, respectively). In contrast, condyle length was statistically significant in class II individuals (<i>p</i> = 0.002) and was the lowest among the other skeletal pattern groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> Based on the results obtained, class I individuals have lower PS values compared to class III individuals. Additionally, class II individuals have shorter condyle lengths compared to those in class III and class I.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5895594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11698603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Calcium Hydroxide Versus Double Antibiotic Paste on Endodontic Treatment Outcomes in Teeth With Large Periapical Lesions: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Afsaneh Rahmati, Farshad Seyedein, Omid Dianat, Sara Saedi, Golriz Rostami, Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban, Shima Sabertahan, Majid Kazem","doi":"10.1155/ijod/7071459","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/7071459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The successful management of necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis poses a tough challenge in endodontic therapy, as it involves addressing compromised tooth vitality and microbial invasion of root canal systems. Failure to effectively treat these conditions can lead to persistent infection and severe patient discomfort. The efficacy of double antibiotic paste (DAP), a mixture of ciprofloxacin and metronidazole, was evaluated and compared to calcium hydroxide (CH) by assessing radiographic and clinical outcomes of nonsurgical endodontic treatment in cases with necrotic pulps and the presence of apical periodontitis. <b>Methods:</b> Thirty maxillary anterior teeth with necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis (periapical index [PAI] = 5) were divided randomly into two experimental groups. The first group received CH dressing, while the other group filled with DAP as intracanal medicament. After 3 weeks, medicaments were removed, and teeth were obturated in both groups. Teeth were assessed clinically and radiographically at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups. A chi-square test was performed to compare the outcome between the groups. <b>Results:</b> None of the teeth showed complete healing in a 6-month follow-up. At the 12-month follow-up, six samples in the DAP group showed complete healing of the periapical (PA) lesion, while none of the samples in the CH group were completely healed. The PA healing outcome was as follows: in the DAP group, 40% of cases were healed, 60% healing, and 0% diseased, while in the CH group, 0% healed, 93.3% healing, and 6.7% diseased. The results of the two experimental groups in 12 months differed significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> DAP group has shown significantly better outcomes compared to CH as intracanal medicament in the treatment of teeth with PA lesions. This finding suggests that DAP may offer a more effective therapeutic approach in managing necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis, potentially improving patient outcomes and treatment success rates. <b>Trial Registration:</b> Clinical Trial Registry identifier: IRCT2015060822615N1.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7071459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11685311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah M Alkahtany, Rana Alfadhel, Aseel AlOmair, Sarah Bin Durayhim
{"title":"Characteristics and Effectiveness of XP-Endo Files and Systems: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Sarah M Alkahtany, Rana Alfadhel, Aseel AlOmair, Sarah Bin Durayhim","doi":"10.1155/ijod/9412427","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/9412427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> XP-endo files are composed of Max-Wire alloy, which was developed by FKG Dentaire (La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland). This alloy, known as Martensite-Austenite Electropolish Flex, is the first NiTi alloy used in endodontics to combine the shape memory effect with superelasticity for use in clinical practice. <b>Objective:</b> This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing knowledge and evidence regarding different XP-endo files and systems, XP-endo Finisher (XPEF), XP-endo Shaper (XPES), XP-endo Retreatment (XPER), XP-endo Rise (XPE-Rise), and XPE-Rise Retreatment (XPE-Rise-R), to help clinicians understand their different properties and recommended clinical uses. Moreover, this review aims to identify future research opportunities in this field. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A search was performed in the PubMed database using the keywords \"XP endo\" or \"XP-endo\". A total of 309 studies were identified during the initial search, and then initial abstract screening was conducted. The inclusion criteria included any study that aimed to evaluate XP endo files and systems on permanent teeth, either in vivo or in vitro. We excluded studies that were unrelated to the subject, literature reviews, case studies, and studies that employed deciduous teeth. Finally, we performed an extensive review of the selected 130 studies, which we assessed, summarized, and classified based on the specific XP-endo file used. <b>Conclusion:</b> Overall, XP-endo files offer significant improvements in endodontic treatment. XPEF excels in irrigation activation and medicament removal, and XPES succeeds in canal cleaning, shaping, and retreatment. The XPER system, which incorporates the XPEF-R file, shows promise in removing root-filling materials, but its performance is inconsistent compared to other retreatment systems. We have found limited information regarding the latest XPE-Rise and XPE-Rise-R systems, additional research is required to fully determine their comparative effectiveness and optimize their clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9412427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bao-Ngoc Thi Nguyen, Chi-Tam Nguyen-Le, Bich-Ly Thi Nguyen, Son Hoang Le
{"title":"Multivariable Analysis of Correlation Between Anatomical Features of Mandibular Third Molars and Pericoronitis.","authors":"Bao-Ngoc Thi Nguyen, Chi-Tam Nguyen-Le, Bich-Ly Thi Nguyen, Son Hoang Le","doi":"10.1155/ijod/8260559","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijod/8260559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The correlation between anatomy features of impacted mandibular third molars (M3Ms) and prevalence of pericoronitis was only interpreted using univariate analysis. This study investigated this correlation using multivariable analysis to determine the relationship between pericoronitis prevalence and the M3Ms' anatomical features. <b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study recruited 245 patients with 338 impacted M3Ms. One researcher collected participants' demographic characteristics such as sexes, age, side, and pericoronitis condition. The radiographic characteristics of M3Ms, including eruption direction and impacted levels according to Pell-Gregory classification, were assessed based on their orthopantomograms. Initially, univariate analyses were used to determine potential demographic and radiographic factors that correlated to pericoronitis. These factors were, then, analyzes using Firth's logistic regression. <b>Results:</b> No significant difference was found between non- and pericoronitis groups about sexes, age, side (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The univariate analyses showed that proportion of vertical impacted levels and eruption direction of M3Ms were significantly different between non- and pericoronitis groups. Firth's logistic regression analysis indicated that M3Ms with impacted level A were more likely to suffer from pericoronitis than ones at level B (odds ratio (OR) = 3.34), wheraes M3Ms impacted level II had higher risk of pericorinitis than ones at level I (OR = 1.63). Vertical M3Ms were more likely to develop pericoronitis than horizontal (OR = 5.78) ones. <b>Conclusion:</b> M3M angulation and impacted level are significant factors relating to pericoronitis prevalence. M3Ms with vertical eruption, vertically level A, and horizontally level B are more likely to have pericoronitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8260559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11658846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}