International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Post-weaning social isolation modifies neonatal anoxia-induced changes in energy metabolism and growth of rats","authors":"Natalia Andrea Cruz-Ochoa,&nbsp;Lívia Clemente Motta-Teixeira,&nbsp;Pablo Felipe Cruz-Ochoa,&nbsp;Santiago Lopez-Paredes,&nbsp;Julieta Esperanza Ochoa-Amaya,&nbsp;Silvia Honda Takada,&nbsp;Gilberto Fernando Xavier,&nbsp;Maria Inês Nogueira","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10327","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10327","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Neonatal oxygen deficiency in rats may disturb growth and long-term metabolic homeostasis. In order to facilitate metabolic evaluation, the subjects are usually housed individually. However, social isolation associated with individually housed conditions alters animal behavior, which may influence the experimental results. This study investigated the effects of social isolation on neonatal anoxia-induced changes in growth and energy metabolism. Male and female Wistar rats were exposed, on postnatal day 2 (P2), to either 25-min of anoxia or control treatment. From P27 onward, part of the subjects of each group was isolated in standard cages, and the remaining subjects were housed in groups. At P34 or P95, the subjects were fasted for 18 h, refeed for 1 h, and then perfused 30 min later. Glycemia, leptin, insulin, and morphology of the pancreas were evaluated at both ages. For subjects perfused at P95, body weight and food intake were recorded up to P90, and the brain was collected for Fos and NeuN immunohistochemistry. Results showed that male rats exposed to neonatal anoxia and social isolation exhibited increased body weight gain despite the lack of changes in food intake. In addition, social isolation (1) decreased post-fasting weight loss and post-fasting food intake and (2) increased glycemia, insulin, and leptin levels of male and female rats exposed to anoxia and control treatments, both at P35 and P95. Furthermore, although at P35, anoxia increased insulin levels of males, it decreased the area of the β-positive cells in the pancreas of females. At P95, anoxia increased post-prandial weight loss of males, post-fasting food intake, insulin, and leptin, and decreased Fos expression in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of males and females. Hyperphagia was associated with possible resistance to leptin and insulin, suspected by the high circulating levels of these hormones and poor neuronal activation of ARC. This study demonstrated that continuous social isolation from weaning modifies, in a differentiated way, the long-term energy metabolism and growth of male and female Wistar rats exposed to neonatal anoxia or even control treatments. Therefore, social isolation should be considered as a factor that negatively influences experimental results and the outcomes of the neonatal injury. These results should also be taken into account in clinical procedures, since the used model simulates the preterm babies' conditions and some therapeutic approaches require isolation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"84 4","pages":"293-304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social isolation and post-weaning environmental enrichment effects on rat emotional behavior and serotonergic system","authors":"Roxana Patrícia Bezerra da Silva,&nbsp;Isabeli Lins Pinheiro,&nbsp;Regina Katiuska Bezerra da Silva,&nbsp;Eduarda Correia Moretti,&nbsp;Olavo Barbosa de Oliveira Neto,&nbsp;Kelli Ferraz-Pereira,&nbsp;Lígia Cristina Monteiro Galindo","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10324","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10324","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Social isolation (SI) is related to adverse neurobehavioral effects and neurochemical changes when it occurs early in development. On the other hand, environmental enrichment (EE) is associated with a reduction in anxiety-like and depression-like behavior, as well as an increase in serotonin (5-HT) levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in rodents. This study systematically reviewed the effects of SI and EE on emotional behavior and serotonergic system components in rats after weaning. Primary experimental studies that used subgroups of rats subjected to SI, EE, and normal social conditions after weaning were considered eligible. Studies that used transgenic rodents, ex vivo studies, in vitro studies, human research, or in silico studies were ineligible. Two authors completed searches in Medline/PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Open Gray. The Kappa index was calculated to assess agreement between reviewers and assess study quality. The results showed that the animals exposed to EE showed better adaptation to a new environment. Furthermore, EE increased 5-HT levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of rodents. Thus, it appears that an EE during the critical period of development may reduce anxiety/depression-like behaviors, as well as increase long-term neurotransmitter response.</p>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"84 4","pages":"265-280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volumetric alterations in the basal ganglia in autism Spectrum disorder: A systematic review","authors":"Gabriel Victor Teodoro de Medeiros Marcos,&nbsp;Deymisson Damitene Martins Feitosa,&nbsp;Karina Maia Paiva,&nbsp;Rodrigo Freire Oliveira,&nbsp;Gabriel Sousa da Rocha,&nbsp;Luís Marcos de Medeiros Guerra,&nbsp;Dayane Pessoa de Araújo,&nbsp;Hosana Mirelle Goes,&nbsp;Silva Costa,&nbsp;Lucidio Clebeson de Oliveira,&nbsp;Fausto Pierdoná Guzen,&nbsp;José Edvan de Souza Júnior,&nbsp;Marco Aurélio de Moura Freire,&nbsp;Antonio Carlos Queiroz de Aquino,&nbsp;Paulo Leonardo Araújo de Gois Morais,&nbsp;José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10322","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10322","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent research indicates that some brain structures show alterations in conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Among them, are the basal ganglia that are involved in motor, cognitive and behavioral neural circuits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Review the literature that describes possible volumetric alterations in the basal ganglia of individuals with ASD and the impacts that these changes have on the severity of the condition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review was registered in the design and reported according to the PRISMA Items and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023394787). The study analyzed data from published clinical, case-contemplate, and cohort trials. The following databases were consulted: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, using the Medical Subject Titles (MeSH) “Autism Spectrum Disorder” and “Basal Ganglia”. The last search was carried out on February 28, 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-five eligible articles were collected, analyzed, and grouped according to the levels of alterations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study showed important volumetric alterations in the basal ganglia in ASD. However, the examined studies have methodological weaknesses that do not allow generalization and correlation with ASD manifestations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"84 3","pages":"163-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140131283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neuroprotective effect of exogen melatonin upon fetal hippocampus damage caused by high-dose caffeine administration in pregnant rats","authors":"Yağmur Köse,&nbsp;Cansın Şirin,&nbsp;Ali Çağlar Turgut,&nbsp;Canberk Tomruk,&nbsp;Yiğit Uyanıkgil,&nbsp;Mehmet Turgut","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10323","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10323","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study is to evaluate whether exogenous melatonin (MEL) mitigates the deleterious effects of high-dose caffeine (CAF) administration in pregnant rats upon the fetal hippocampus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 32 adult Wistar albino female rats were divided into four groups after conception (n = 8). At 9–20 days of pregnancy, intraperitoneal (i.p.) MEL was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day in the MEL group, while i.p. CAF was administered at a dose of 60 mg/kg/day in the CAF group. In the CAF plus MEL group, i.p. CAF and MEL were administered at a dose of 60 and 10 mg/kg/day, respectively, at the same period. Following extraction of the brains of the fetuses sacrificed on the 21st day of pregnancy, their hippocampal regions were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin and Cresyl Echt Violet, anti-GFAP, and antisynaptophysin staining methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While there was a decrease in fetal and brain weights in the CAF group, it was found that the CAF plus MEL group had a closer weight average to that of the control group. Histologically, it was observed that the pyramidal cell layer consisted of 8–10 layers of cells due to the delay in migration in hippocampal neurons in the CAF group, while the MEL group showed similar characteristics with the control group. It was found that these findings decreased in the CAF plus MEL group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is concluded that high-dose CAF administration causes a delay in neurogenesis of the fetal hippocampus, and exogenous MEL is able to mitigate its deleterious effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"84 3","pages":"251-261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140101474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early versus late caffeine and/or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) for prevention of intermittent hypoxia-induced neuroinflammation in the neonatal rat","authors":"Myra Batool,&nbsp;Charles L. Cai,&nbsp;Jacob V. Aranda,&nbsp;Ivan Hand,&nbsp;Kay D. Beharry","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10321","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10321","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Preterm infants often experience frequent intermittent hypoxia (IH) episodes which are associated with neuroinflammation. We tested the hypotheses that early caffeine and/or non-steroidal inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) confer superior therapeutic benefits for protection against IH-induced neuroinflammation than late treatment. Newborn rats were exposed to IH or hyperoxia (50% O₂) from birth (P0) to P14. For early treatment, the pups were administered: 1) daily caffeine (Caff) citrate (Cafcit, 20 mg/kg IP loading on P0, followed by 5 mg/kg from P1-P14); 2) ketorolac (Keto) topical ocular solution in both eyes from P0 to P14; 3) ibuprofen (Ibu, Neoprofen, 10 mg/kg loading dose on P0 followed by 5 mg/kg/day on P1 and P2); 4) Caff+Keto co-treatment; 5) Caff+Ibu co-treatment; or 6) equivalent volume saline (Sal). On P14, animals were placed in room air (RA) with no further treatment until P21. For late treatment, pups were exposed from P0 to P14, then placed in RA during which they received similar treatments from P15-P21 (Sal, Caff, and/or Keto), or P15-P17 (Ibu). RA controls were similarly treated. At P21, whole brains were assessed for histopathology, apoptosis, myelination, and biomarkers of inflammation. IH caused significant brain injury and hemorrhage, inflammation, reduced myelination, and apoptosis. Early treatment with Caff alone or in combination with NSAIDs conferred better neuroprotection against IH-induced damage than late treatment. Early postnatal treatment during a critical time of brain development, may be preferable for the prevention of IH-induced brain injury in preterm infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"84 3","pages":"227-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140065151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting verbal and performance intelligence quotients from multimodal data in individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder","authors":"Ningning He,&nbsp;Chao Kou","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10320","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10320","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite the importance of understanding how intelligence is ingrained in the function and structure of the brain in some neurological disorders, the alterations of intelligence-associated neurological factors in atypical neurodevelopmental disorders, such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are limited. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between the brain functional and morphological characteristics and the intellectual performance of 139 patients with ADHD. Resting-state functional and T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and intellectual-performance data of the patients were collected. The MRI data were preprocessed to extract four indicators characterizing the participants' brain features: fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, regional homogeneity, and gray and white matter volumes. Then, we used a two-layer feature-selection method with support vector regression models based on three kernel functions to predict the verbal and performance intelligent quotients of the patients, along with ten fold cross-validation to evaluate the models' predictive performance. All models showed good performance; the correlation coefficients between the predicted and observed values for each predictive phenotypic variable were &gt;0.41, with statistical significance. The brain features that could best predict the intellectual performance of the patients were concentrated in the superior and inferior frontal gyrus of the prefrontal areas, the angular gyrus and precuneus of the parietal lobe, the inferior and middle temporal gyrus of the temporal lobe, and part of the cerebellar regions. Thus, the voxel-based brain-feature indicators could adequately predict the intellectual performance of patients with ADHD, providing a foundation for future neuroimaging studies of this disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"84 3","pages":"217-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139931056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An analysis of POMC gene methylation and expression in patients with schizophrenia","authors":"Xuanyu Chen,&nbsp;Lili Qing,&nbsp;Tiantian Zou,&nbsp;Jia Wang,&nbsp;Wensa Yin,&nbsp;Zhiyong Wang,&nbsp;Tiantian Cheng,&nbsp;Yumei Lu,&nbsp;Liping Hu,&nbsp;Linlin Liu,&nbsp;Shengjie Nie","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10319","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10319","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that affects millions of people and is believed to be caused by both environmental and genetic factors. Despite extensive research, the exact mechanisms underlying schizophrenia are still unclear. Studies have shown that numerous psychiatric disorders are associated with methylation of the <i>POMC</i> gene, which encodes adrenocorticotropic hormone, a critical player in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. However, the association between DNA methylation in <i>POMC</i> patients and schizophrenia remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated three fragments of the <i>POMC</i> promoter region, including 51 CpG sites, in the peripheral blood of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. The POMC protein level was measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The schizophrenia group exhibited significantly greater levels of methylation of the <i>POMC</i> gene than those in the control group. The methylation level of the <i>POMC-2</i> fragment was significantly greater in the patient group than in the control group. There were 17 significantly hypermethylated CpG sites in the patient group. After stratification by sex, <i>POMC</i> methylation levels were found to be significantly greater in male schizophrenia patients than in healthy controls; the methylation levels of <i>POMC</i>-2 fragments were greater in the male patient group; nine CpG sites were significantly hypermethylated in the male patient group; and only one CpG site was significantly hypermethylated in the female patient group. The POMC protein level in patients was significantly lower than that in healthy controls. These findings demonstrate that the DNA methylation of <i>POMC</i> might be associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Overall, studying the correlation between <i>POMC</i> methylation and schizophrenia may contribute to the diagnosis and evaluation of neuropsychiatric disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"84 3","pages":"208-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139722453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using varied technological agents-assisted simultaneous prompting for teaching discrete skills to children with developmental disabilities","authors":"Ayten Ozkirac Kirsal,&nbsp;Gul Kahveci","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10318","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10318","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the effectiveness of combining simultaneous prompting method with small group teaching through computer projection, SMART board, tablet computer and humanoid robot to teach discrete skills to children with developmental disabilities (CDD). The study included 14 CDD aged 10–15. It utilizes a multiple probe design across behaviors and probe conditions and replicates them across subjects. Each participant is taught discrete skills within a small group teaching arrangement. The study includes daily probes, full probes, teaching sessions, generalization, and follow-up sessions. It also collects interobserver reliability and application reliability data. Graphical analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of computer-based simultaneous prompting incorporating different technologies in a small group teaching setting. Additionally, we examined differences in children's responses to different technological agents in teaching discrete skills to children with developmental disabilities. The study provided preliminary data on which of these agents is best. The results demonstrate its effectiveness by showing that participants maintained the learned behaviors and applied them to a variety of tools, equipment, and individuals in the first, third, and fourth weeks after the intervention. Additionally, the study highlights the subjects' high accuracy in acquiring behavior through observational learning. Finally, simple humanoid robots, tablets, smart SMART boards, and computer projections have been effective in teaching discrete skills to CDD, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"84 3","pages":"190-207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139697345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent intermittent ethanol use in male rats do not change cerebellar cell numbers but initiate astroglial reaction","authors":"Nurhan Çon,&nbsp;Sevcan Mercan,&nbsp;Asuman Küçüköner,&nbsp;Nüket Çalişkan","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10317","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10317","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alcohol consumption during adolescence causes negative structural changes in the cerebellum and can lead to cognitive and motor skill disorders. Unfortunately, the age at which individuals begin drinking alcohol has decreased in recent years, which has drawn attention to the effects of alcohol on neurological changes during preadolescence. In this study, we investigated the effects of adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure on the cellular composition of the cerebellum in male rats, particularly when alcohol consumption begins early. The male rats received eight doses of intermittent intraperitoneal injection of 25% (v/v) ethanol (3 g/kg) or saline from postnatal days (PND) 25 to PND 38. In rats, 28–42 days old corresponds to 10–18 years old in humans. Two hours after the last injection, the cells, neurons, and non-neuronal cells in the cerebellum were immunocytochemically labeled and the total numbers of related cells were calculated using the Isotropic Fractionator method. We found that AIE exposure does not change the cell numbers of the cerebellum in the short term, but it does activate astrocytes in the white matter of the cerebellum. These findings suggest that alcohol use during adolescence impairs the innate immune system and negatively affects brain plasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"84 3","pages":"177-189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139702476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison and discussion of behavior and pathology of four kinds of cerebral palsy disease models","authors":"Jinyan Xu,&nbsp;Siyang Yan,&nbsp;Chen Xia,&nbsp;Jianyi Xue,&nbsp;Wentao Yu,&nbsp;Yuanjie Yan,&nbsp;Zhenjin Yin","doi":"10.1002/jdn.10315","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jdn.10315","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Explore the differences in behavioral and pathological manifestations of rat models of cerebral palsy made by different methods and discuss what types of studies these models are suitable for. Behavioral evaluation and pathological section observation were used to observe and evaluate the model. Conclusion: except for the absence of data of bilateral common carotid artery ligation rats, the other three methods could all achieve a successful cerebral palsy disease model for both behavioral and pathological. For researchers, the selection of intraperitoneal infection model in pregnant rats or unilateral ischemia and hypoxia model in infant rats is sufficient to meet the experimental needs, whereas the selection of the combined method for modeling does not show enough advantages, which not only causes the waste of financial and human resources but also increases the possibility of experimental error made by intervention factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":13914,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience","volume":"84 2","pages":"143-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139697344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}