International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"A Fast and Reliable Screening Method of Organic Materials for Crop Cultivation","authors":"Seunghye Park, S. Joo, A. Kim, Ji-Hwan Shin","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v8i4.31258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v8i4.31258","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open access article & it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) Strategic utilization of organic material for agriculture is important for improve efficiency in organic agriculture. Waste from food processing is a good candidate for compost material, and the first critical step is to choose proper raw material. In this study, we tried to establish a reliable screening method by comparing growth of different plant parts in different crops in combination with serial dilution of raw material extracts. The raw materials compared here are tangerine pomace, herbal medicinal plant waste, bread, spent coffee ground (SCG). We also compared effect of organic fertilizer made of SCG, natural pesticides made of pyrethrum extract and neem oil. The results obtained from different kind of crops and plant parts give insight into growth enhancing or inhibitory effect of tested material which will be useful screening raw material to make organic fertilizer and crop protective materials.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"100 1","pages":"417-421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80739987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deleterious Effects of Storage Environmental Conditions on The Seed Quality of Two Varieties of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Stored in Triple Laminated Aluminum Packing in Sri Lanka","authors":"R. Ariyarathna, S. Weerasena, C. Beneragama","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v8i4.33670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v8i4.33670","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open access article & it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) Tomato is one of the most commonly growing vegetable crops among the farmers in Sri Lanka. Standard laboratory germination of tomato seeds fulfills the regulatory requirements of seed marketing. However, poor field performance is an overwhelming problem to farmers. Present study was focused on the longevity of two varieties of tomato seeds as affected by their quality characters (percentage germination, moisture, field emergence and vigour index, seed protein and carbohydrate contents) including seed health (exposure of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis (CMMV), Spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Leaf curly top virus (LCTV)) under four different storage environmental conditions during a one-year long storage study. Seeds were packed in triple-laminated aluminum packets (TLA) and stored in low temperature storage conditions (17±1 °C and 65% RH) and in ambient conditions in Gannoruwa, Kundasale, and MahaIlluppallama that represent the three agro-ecologically zones; Mid Country Wet Zone (MCWZ), Mid Country Intermediate Zone (MCIZ) and Low Country Dry Zone (LCDZ) respectively. Seed quality parameters displayed varied responses depending on the variety. Physiological changes that occur in seeds due to temperature, RH, changes in proteins and carbohydrate content, CMMV and TSWV during storage were manifested as reduction in seed germination, field emergence and vigour index. However, none of the seedling carried LCTV and therefore its effect on seed quality parameters could not be assessed. The seeds could be stored for ca. 29 months at low and constant temperatures and RH conditions without compromising local seed germination standards compared to ambient storage in the three environments. CMMV and TSWV detected in all seed samples indicated potential threats to tomato farmers in Sri Lanka.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"437-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75077104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farmers' Preferences of Improved Wheat Varieties in Wheat Subsector Kailali, Nepal","authors":"P. Bhatt, P. Bist, L. N. Ojha","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v8i4.33671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v8i4.33671","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open access article & it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) Kailali is the second highest district regarding wheat production and area coverage. A study was carried out in the Kailali district for preference of farmers on different wheat varieties that were being cultivated in the district. The objective of the study was to assess farmers’ preference and perception on the different improved wheat varieties in the area. Five commonly grown wheat varieties and seventeen important wheat varietal traits were selected through focus group discussion, key informant interview and preliminary survey. Sixty households were selected for face-to-face personal interview, twelve for each selected variety, at random from Ghodaghodi Municipality, Gauriganga Municipality and Kailari Rural Municipality of Kailali. The weightage of the seventeen selected traits were determined using an online survey conducted among individuals from different designation with the agricultural background who were well known about wheat cultivation practices in Kailali district. Yield, flour quality and tillering were found to be the trait of higher weightage and stem thickness was the trait of lowest weightage. The preferences of the farmers were measured using wheat preference index (WPI). The varieties Vijay, NL-971, HD-2967, Gautam and Aditya were ranked as I, II, III, IV and V respectively. The incorporation of farmers' preferred traits in future wheat varieties would increase the likelihood of adoption of the varieties. Similarly, proper participatory field trial of new improved wheat varieties would also help in the selection of the suitable varieties in the area concerning the farmers’ criteria of selection.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"25 1","pages":"432-436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74677475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wild Edible Fruits of Nepal","authors":"R. S. Gautam, S. Shrestha, Ila Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31561","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open access article & it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) A review was done on the wild edible fruit plants of Nepal. Altogether 199 wild edible fruit plant species belonging to 139 genera representing 67 families documented from west Nepal to east Nepal. Study shows that people are using the wild edible fruits collected from forest resources as a part of their livelihood. People consume those wild fruits in different forms such as raw fruit, vegetables, pickles, spices and oil. Some species are taken in more than one form.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"116 1","pages":"289-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90991489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraints and Determinants of Coffee Processing Methods in Gulmi District, Nepal","authors":"Manoj Paudel, K. Parajuli","doi":"10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31565","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open access article & it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) Nepalese coffee is widely recognized as organic and specialty coffee due to its peculiar aroma and flavor. Altitude, geographical location, orchard management practices, post-harvest handling are the major factors that affect the coffee quality. Coffee quality is determined 40% in the field, 40% at postharvest primary processing, and 20% at secondary processing. In Nepal, dry and wet methods are the most common coffee processing methods. Wet processed coffee is more preferred by the consumers in comparison to dry coffee and commands higher price. Main objective of the study was to know the most common processing method adopted in Gulmi district and to know the determinants and constraints of the processing method. 100 coffee growers from four different local bodies of Gulmi district were selected by the purposive sampling method for the household survey. Descriptive statistics, logit model and index score ranking method were used for the data analysis. Gender of household head (p <0.01), education level (p<0.05) and technical trainings (p<0.05) were found to have significant effect upon the selection of processing methods. Due to several constraints all coffee growers were unable to adopt wet processing of coffee. Index score method was used to rank the constraints for adoption of wet processing methods. Lack of availability of hand pulpers was ranked as the major constraint by the coffee growers with an index score of 0.867 followed by unavailability of water, no access to transportation as other major constraints for adoption of wet processing method.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"28 1","pages":"368-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75022671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Screening of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) Producing Bacteria Utilizing Agricultural Waste","authors":"I. Afghan, A. Shrivastav","doi":"10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31566","url":null,"abstract":"This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org & http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT 336 Isolation and Screening of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) Producing Bacteria Utilizing Agricultural Waste Inzer Gul Afghan1, Anupama Shrivastav Education Faculty, Chemistry department, Paktia University, Gardez, Paktia, Afganistan Parul Institute of Applied sciences, Microbiology department, Parul University, Limda, Waghodiya, Vadodara, India","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"336-342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91018771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Nutrient Omission and Irrigation Scheduling on Growth and Productivity of Maize","authors":"N. Acharya, S. Sah, A. K. Gautam, A. Regmi","doi":"10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31612","url":null,"abstract":"This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org & http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT 343 Response of Nutrient Omission and Irrigation Scheduling on Growth and Productivity of Maize N.R. Acharya, S.K. Sah, A.K. Gautam, A.P. Regmi Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Directorate of Agricultural Research, Khajura, Banke, Nepal Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Singh Durbar Plaza, Kathmandu, Nepal","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"26 1","pages":"343-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84408140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of Biotechnology for Characterization of Plants and Pests as the Key Components of Plant Protection and Production Strategies: A Review","authors":"M. Alemu","doi":"10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31556","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open access article & it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) The second Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDG), among the seventeen SDG, is concerned with the pursuit of global food security and agricultural sustainability, which become the key to the success of the entire SDG. Whereas agricultural production and productivity are heavily threatened by the incidence of pests that inflict huge losses in various forms. This calls for prompt applications of biotechnology for the fast, accurate and reliable means for characterization of plant generic resources and pests as it is the pre-requisite and gateway for designing appropriate plant protection and production strategies. It is imperative that pests be identified properly so that judicious use of the literature can be made and sustainable management strategies can be implemented at the right stage. To this end, the application of biotechnology has made significant advances for reliable characterization of plant genetic resources as well as accurate diagnosis of pests, study of their genetic diversity and variability, detailed mechanisms of their transmission and evolutionary relationships. Accordingly, this review article covers the comprehensive account of the various molecular techniques, genome mapping and OMICS sciences utilized for characterization plants and pests that ultimately allow the detailed study of the biology and epidemiology of pests at any stage of their life cycle. The resulting data are eventually employed for enhancing successful implementation of sustainable plant protection and production strategies. In conclusion, the increasing projections of transboundary pests, environmental and abiotic factors together with the continuous scientific advancements and breakthroughs have made biotechnology to be an important engine of bioeconomy for generating invaluable products, processes and services.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"10 1","pages":"247-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82265848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus Among Cattle of Selected Areas in Terai Belt of Nepal","authors":"R. Kandel, D. Subedi, C. N. Kharel","doi":"10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.30235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.30235","url":null,"abstract":"This paper can be downloaded online at http://ijasbt.org & http://nepjol.info/index.php/IJASBT 363 Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus Among Cattle of Selected Areas in Terai Belt of Nepal Rupak Kandel, Deepak Subedi, Chet Narayan Kharel Paklihawa Campus, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Rupandehi, Nepal New Hope Agro Business Nepal Private Limited, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal National Avian Disease Investigation Laboratory, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"80 1 1","pages":"363-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83514432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of Antibiotic Residues in Chicken Meat, Cow and Buffalo Milk Samples in Nepal","authors":"T. R. Gompo, R. Sapkota, M. Subedi, Pragya Koirala, D. Bhatta","doi":"10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/IJASBT.V8I3.31314","url":null,"abstract":"This is an open access article & it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) In animal products, the antibiotic residue is a serious concern to public health in the Himalayan nation, Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate antibiotic residues in meat samples of chicken and milk samples of cows and buffaloes from different districts of Nepal. An equal number of chicken meat samples, 42 each from Kailali (Farwestern Province), Kaski (Gandaki Province), and Nuwakot (Bagmati Province) districts were tested for tetracycline, sulphonamides, penicillin, gentamicin and streptomycin residues by the application of the ELISA method. At Kaski district, approximately 57% (24/42), 50% (21/42) and 83% (35/42) of the samples were tested positive for gentamicin (mean-ppb:11.5 μg/Kg/L), tetracycline (mean-ppb:1.44 μg/Kg/L), and fluoroquinolones (mean-ppb:11.46 μg/ Kg/L) residues, respectively. In Kailali, 48% (20/42) of meat samples were tested positive for sulphonamides (mean-ppb:15.9 μg/ Kg/L) and in Nuwakot, 50%(21/42) of meat samples were tested positive for penicillin (mean-ppb: 0.39 μg/ Kg/L). Of the total 168 tests performed in the milk samples of Kavre district, on average, 55% (93/168) were detected with the antibiotic residues for gentamicin, streptomycin, and sulphonamide. The antibiotic residues in chicken meat were within the national maximum residue limit (MRL); however, milk samples exceeded the national MRL for sulphonamide residues (mean-ppb: 26.44 μg/ Kg/L). Effective surveillance for antibiotic residues should be implemented strictly on animal products in Nepal.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"26 1","pages":"355-362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76991178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}