International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Study on Cultivation of Wheat by Temperature Control with Adequate Irrigation in the Fields of South India","authors":"Jwala Priyadarshini P.S.","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.59870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.59870","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation was conducted during the Zaid season of 2023 to evaluate the performance of four wheat variants was conducted in the agricultural plots of Nindra Mandal, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India. (13.3831°N 79.6963°E). The experimental plots were laid out in open farming design with adjacent block design with for variants of wheat: Chhoti Lerma, Kalyan sona, Sharbati Sonora and Sonalika with control being GW173. Growth and yield were found to be good in open farming comprising the nutrient rich red soil with pH 5.6. Growth parameters viz. plant height, diameter and crown width were observed. Grain yield attributes like wheat germination count, leaf area index and plant height were found higher in Kalyan sona. Harvest Index and Nutrients in each variety have been recorded in which the grains of Kalyan sona and Sonalika showed to be compatible to be cultivated in summer. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(4): 181-185.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Azo-based Compounds as Energy Storage Materials","authors":"Pramod Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.61164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.61164","url":null,"abstract":"Two redox active azo-based materials have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis (C, H, N), IR, NMR (1H & 13C) and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Both the azo-based materials, the ligand 1 and its MOF 2 exhibit good electrochemical performances but the capacity of MOF 2 is higher than the ligand 1. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(4): 217-221.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"27 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling The Potential of Jimbu (Allium przewalskianum): Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties of a Native Himalayan Spice Herb","authors":"Shreejana Pandey, Guheswari Chataut, Suja Maharjan, Dev Raj Maidali, Keshab Bhattarai","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.59326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.59326","url":null,"abstract":"Jimbu (Allium przewalskianum), is an indigenous Himalayan spice herb in Nepal and has a long history of culinary use, yet its potential beyond home kitchens remains largely unexplored due to limited studies and exposure. It does not require extensive input of cash, machinery, land, or labor to profit from, making it an excellent and valuable source of pharmaceutical ingredients owing to its bioactive compounds. We investigated its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Quantitative analysis of Jimbu extracts revealed the presence of bioactive compounds, including Oleoresin (extracted using acetone and methanol), polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. The methanol extract of. A. przewalskianum exhibited the highest polyphenol content (8.11±0.24 mg GAE/g), flavonoid content (5.28±0.29 mg GAE/g) and tannin content (0.923±0.02 mg GAE/g). The antioxidant potential of Jimbu was seen to be increased with an increase in concentration, reaching 58.79% at 400µg/ml, with an IC50 value of 303.58µg/ml for DPPH radical scavenging activity. Likewise, the yield of oleoresin was obtained as (10.86±0.27) from acetone and (7.8±0.20) from methanol. Similarly, sensory evaluation through One-way ANOVA highlighted concentrations of 0.07% and 0.1% of Oleoresin to be most favored. Furthermore, sensory evaluation of the Jimbu extracts in minced chicken meat exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity against Salmonella along with a significant reduction in the colony forming units (CFU). This study shows that the extracts of A. przewalskianum could be utilized as a potential medicinal plant for the development of effective drugs against pathogenic bacteria. Meanwhile, it provides opportunities for economic benefits and a new potential revenue source for rural communities in the Himalayan region of Nepal. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(4): 171-180.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"10 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between Teeth Alignment and Oral Diseases in New India","authors":"Deepak T.A., Avinash Tejasvi M.L.","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.61163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.61163","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic Health goes together with oral health. In India, Oral health remains a big challenge. It is connected tightly to overall individual’s health. Basic oral hygiene such as brushing teeth twice a day is still foreign to most, while such practices are widely practiced in the west. In India, economic factors, coupled with normally accepted behavior and acceptance of poor oral hygiene, prevention of awareness contributed to vast populace with dental issues, like cavities, gum diseases, premature teeth loss, and oral cancers in some cases. With almost 60% of 1.4 billion living in rural areas, initiatives like oral hygiene awareness, preventative care, lifestyle changes and increased dental facilities including universities, colleges and dental care facilities are needed today. We investigate whether there is an association between awareness of teeth alignment, good oral health to overall systemic health. We developed a questionnaire for dental patients falling between the age of 13 - 21 years. This range was selected as most of the patients are old enough to know their oral habits, and other health issues. The patient’s data was collected over a range of 8 months (April 2023 to November 2023) between two states in southern India. The research had 191 patients who were from rural areas, and their awareness on oral hygiene activities were found to be far worse than their urban counterparts (both genders). Based on the data collected, we establish a close relationship between awareness of teeth alignment, to gum bleeding, caries, and pollinosis in young Indians. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(4): 209-216.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Value Chain Analysis of Mango Production and Distribution in Saptari District, Nepal","authors":"Puja Teyung, G. Luitel","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.60370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.60370","url":null,"abstract":"Mango is an important fruit crop grown widely in the Saptari district of Nepal. A study was conducted in March and June 2022 under PMAMP-PIU (Prime Minister Agriculture Modernization Project-Project Implementation Unit), Saptari (PMAMP-PIU, 2074/75) to analyze the value chain of Mango in Saptari, which explored the functional and economic linkage among the actors. A total of 60 producers, 10 traders, 5 retailers and 2 key informants were interviewed. Data regarding production, post-harvest handling and marketing were analyzed by using descriptive and analytical methods with SPSS (version 26) and MS Excel 2021. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was undertaken in this study to generate insights into the limitations and opportunities of the mango value chain which can be used to establish the critical control points. The study identified key actors of Mango VC as input suppliers, producers, contract farmers, village-level collectors, wholesalers, retailers and consumers. Likewise, 4 marketing channels were identified in the study area. Economic analysis shows the cost of production per hectare was $1,453.71. Benefit cost analysis showed mango sub-sector is profitable business with BC ratio of 2.02. The average return was $2942.88/ha. The producers’ share was 55.28% in the proximal market and 32.25% in the distant market. Infestation of disease, insect and pest and lack of processing and post-harvest technology was major production problem. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(4): 197-208.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":" 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Traditional Medicinal Plants","authors":"Nikita Mahat, Niharika Bhattarai, Milan Thapa, Mousam Lawati, Anup Basnet","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.61161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v11i4.61161","url":null,"abstract":"In Nepal, traditional medicinal plants and herbs have long been relied upon for treating various diseases. This study was aimed to explore the antimicrobial properties of commonly used traditional medicinal plants. This study was conducted from December 2022 to June 2023 at the Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier's College, Maitighar, Kathmandu. In this study, antimicrobial property of 12 plants were tested against four ATCC cultures of bacteria- Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538P), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027). The extracts were prepared using Soxhlet's apparatus with ethanol and distilled water as solvents. The ethanolic extract of S. aromaticum had the highest percentage yield The ethanolic extract of O. sanctum showed highest potential against S. aureus with a zone of inhibition of 21mm. The ethanolic extract of S. aromaticum demonstrated antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. epidermidis, with respective zones of inhibition of 18mm, 16mm, 18mm, and 20mm. The distilled water extract of A. marmelos displayed the highest antimicrobial activity against E. coli, with a zone of inhibition of 18mm. Phytochemical screening revealed that both extracts of S. aromaticum had the highest presence of phytochemicals. The ethanol extract of Z. armatum exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 2mg/ml against S. aureus. The study of the selected plants extracts confirmed their efficacy as natural antimicrobials against the tested organisms, suggesting their potential for novel drug development in treating infectious diseases. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(4): 186-196.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Bovine Viral Diarrhea in the Dairy Cattle of Rupandehi District of Nepal","authors":"P. Tandan, Madhav Paudel","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v11i3.55779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v11i3.55779","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) is a contagious disease caused by Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), which significantly impacts cattle health and productivity, leading to substantial economic losses for farmers. The Rupandehi district in Nepal, which shares an open border with India, is particularly vulnerable to the introduction and spread of BVD. Consequently, the objective of this research was to examine the prevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) infections and the associated risk factors that contribute to it in the Rupandehi district of Nepal. A two-phase random sampling method was used, where a total of 92 blood samples were obtained from female cattle from Devdaha, Sainamaina, Tilottama, and Suddhodhan Municipality. Serological testing using ID-Screen® BVD p80 Antibody Competition ELISA revealed that 10 samples (10.86%) tested positive for BVDV infection. Cattle aged over 5 years exhibited a higher seroprevalence rate in comparison to other age groups of 3-5 years and < 3 years. Notably, Holstein (26.7%) and Holstein cross (15.4%) cattle exhibited a significantly higher prevalence compared to jersey, jersey cross, and indigenous cattle (p<0.05). None of the assessed risk factors, including repeat breeding (infertility), history of abortion, history of retained placenta, diarrhea, and neonatal death, were found to be statistically significant in relation to the seroprevalence. The findings of this study indicate a comparatively higher seroprevalence rate than previous studies conducted in Nepal. Furthermore, the farmers of the affected herds displayed a lack of awareness regarding BVD and its presence on their farms. These results emphasize the urgent need for the relevant authorities to recognize BVD as a serious issue and take necessary nationwide measures for its control and eradication. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(3): 128-134","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"247 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135293570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed Pellet and Forage Diet in Growing Rabbits: Effect of Ipomoae batatas on Growth and Health Performance","authors":"Ouation Souleymane Soro, Vincent Kadjo, Koffi Sylvanus Aubert Yao, Moussa Kimse","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v11i3.58945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v11i3.58945","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to test the effect of green forage Ipomoea batatas on young rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) digestive health and growing performance. Two group (T and I) of 15 rabbits were made. These animals were weaned at 35 days of age and slaughtered at 70 days. The mean weight per group was 500 ± 20 g. Control group T was feed only with industrial pelleted Ivograin®. Experimental group I was feed with the same pelleted diet and green forage I. batatas in the cage. Results showed that the growing performances in group I were lower than control. Group I daily gain was 0.89g lower than T (P<0.01). Fed intakes was 1.05 times lower with forage than control (P<0.01). For sanitary risk index (mortality + morbidity) was 2 part higher in group I than control (14 vs 7, P<0.01). However, the nutrient digestibility was higher with I. batatas group than control. Digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF and Hc was 26.68, 23.43, 9.67, 18.56, 18.74 and 16.46 respectively higher with group I than control (P<0.05). We can conclude that, associate green forage I. batatas with pelleted diet was not increased the young rabbit growing performances and health except nutrients digestibility. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(3): 123-127.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135293577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiogram Study of Bacteria Isolated from Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cattle of Kirtipur and Chandragiri Municipalities, Kathmandu, Nepal","authors":"M. Paudel, B. Bohara, T. Prasai, S. Bhattarai, T.R. Gompo","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v11i3.58875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v11i3.58875","url":null,"abstract":"The dairy sector in Nepal has a high potential for growth, but unfortunately, its progress is impeded by diseases such as mastitis. The purpose of the current investigation was to identify the predominant bacterial species in mastitis-affected cattle milk and to ascertain the most efficacious antibacterial treatment against the bacterial isolates. The study was conducted from 17th August 2022 to 12th February 2023 in lactating cattle of the Kirtipur municipality and Chandragiri municipality of Kathmandu district, Nepal. A total of 640 milk samples from 160 cattle were collected randomly from cattle farms of Kirtipur and Chandragiri municipality of Kathmandu district. Initial screening for mastitis was conducted on collection sites by the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and further bacterial isolation and identification were carried out at the Central Veterinary Laboratory using standard bacterial techniques and the antibiogram were evaluated based on CLSI guidelines. Among 640 samples collected from 160 cattle, 3.91% (25/640) tested CMT-positive at the individual quarter level, whereas the prevalence at the cow level was 15.62% (25/160). The major bacterial species isolated, in subsequent culture of CMT positive samples, were Staphylococcus spp. (10, 40%), E. coli (6, 24%), Streptococcus spp. (5, 20%), Enterococcus spp. (2, 8%), Bacillus spp. (1, 4%), and Klebsiella spp. (1, 4%).. Antibiogram study reveals that major gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., and Bacillus spp. were highly sensitive to Ampicillin, Florfenicol, and Gentamicin while the major gram-negative bacteria, E. coli, and Klebsiella spp. were highly sensitive to Florfenicol, Gentamicin, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole and Ceftriaxone. Hence, early diagnosis and careful monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility before therapeutic intervention are essential to prevent high economic losses due to mastitis and to mitigate the potential risk of antimicrobial resistance in the livestock population.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Large Cardamom (Amomum subulatum roxb.) Cultivation in Sankhuwasabha, Nepal","authors":"Prabhat Swar, Umesh Timilsina, Ashok Sah, Saugat Bohara, Able Shrestha, Sanjib Chaudhary","doi":"10.3126/ijasbt.v11i3.58954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v11i3.58954","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in March, 2021 to assess the impacts of Climate Change on the production of Large Cardamom in Sankhuwasabha district of Nepal. The main purpose of the study was to know the impact of climate change on production of Large Cardamom. Primary data were collected by face to face interaction with 80 farmers with prepared questionnaire. The data were statistically analyzed and processed by using MS-Excel through descriptive and inferential method. The results showed that majority of the respondents were male, janajati, literate and mainly depends upon agriculture occupation as their major source of income. They were familiar about Climate Change scenario revealed that increase in overall temperature, deficit in rainfall during flowering and fruiting has negative impact in crop yield. Occurrence of disease pest like wilt, leaf and root rot, Gabaro, Caterpillar and Chirkey, Furkey has heavily affected Large Cardamom orchard. Secondary data of past 10 year were collected from MoALD, AKC, DHM, World Weather Online etc. Secondary data were analyzed by using regression model and found that average seasonal maximum and minimum temperature was decreased by -0.0137ºC and -0.0045ºC respectively and annual rainfall was increased by 1.2326 mm and productivity decreased by 0.0026 ton/ha annually. Increase in temperature, drought, and lack of better irrigation facility, disease and pest problem, unavailability of quality planting materials were the major constraints faced by the Large Cardamom farmers.&#x0D; Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(3): 143-151.","PeriodicalId":13876,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology","volume":"60 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135247872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}