{"title":"LOW CD 4 COUNT IN HIV NEGATIVE PATIENT-A CASE OF COMMON VARIABLE DEFICIENCY CENTRAL HOSPITAL NWR JAIPUR DEPT OF MEDICINE: A CASE REPORT","authors":"Rakesh Kumar Meena, Deepak Agarwal, Manish Pabri","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4080","url":null,"abstract":"Common variable immunodeficiency syndrome (CVID) is a disorder characterised by reduced levels of IgG, IgA and/or IgM, and recurrent bacterial infections. Sinopulmonary infections, gastrointestinal infections. It is commonly seen in association to immunodeficiency states such as CVID, IgA deficiency and chronic infections due to Giardia lamblia and Helicobacter pylori. We report a case of CVID with low CD 4 counts having recurrent diarrhoea, weight loss, anasarca and Hypoproteinaemia.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140976227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CADASIL-A RARE PRESENTATION OF STROKE","authors":"AASHISH DAMA, Pulkit Jain, JITENDRA SINGH, CHANDRA KANT SALVE, ASHISH SHARMA","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4085","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a hereditary syndrome caused by heterozygous mutations in the NOTCH3 gene that manifests in adulthood and is characterized by recurrent transient ischemic attacks and strokes, migraine-like headaches, psychiatric disturbance, and progressive dementia. \u0000Methods: This is a case report. \u0000Results: Current case presented with complain of dizziness and vomiting. The diagnosis was suspected mainly because of the typical brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This shows the importance of brain MRI in the diagnosis of CADASIL. \u0000Conclusion: Increased awareness of neurologists and neuroradiologists about the typical MRI features of CADASIL is of vital importance to reach the diagnosis in a timely manner.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140973899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CLONIDINE VERSUS FENTANYL FOR INTRAOPERATIVE HEMODYNAMIC STABILITY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA: RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, INTERVENTIONAL STUDY","authors":"Pavan Kumar Garg, Nand Kishore Joshi, SUNIL CHAUHAN","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4059","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, though advantageous over traditional surgery, presents hemodynamic challenges due to pneumoperitoneum, systemic CO2 absorption, and patient positioning. Clonidine and Fentanyl are evaluated for their effectiveness in maintaining intraoperative hemodynamic stability, considering their different pharmacological actions. \u0000Methods: This randomized, double-blind interventional study involved 72 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Participants were allocated into two groups, receiving either IV Clonidine or IV Fentanyl. Hemodynamic parameters, including heart rate and blood pressure, were monitored and compared. \u0000Results: Clonidine demonstrated superior control over heart rate and blood pressure compared to Fentanyl, with statistically significant differences observed in the intraoperative period and post-intubation, indicating enhanced hemodynamic stability. \u0000Conclusion: Clonidine is more effective than Fentanyl in maintaining intraoperative hemodynamic stability in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This suggests a potential preference for Clonidine as a premedicant in such surgical procedures, highlighting the need for tailored anesthetic techniques.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140977447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. V. SUJITHA PRIYA, P. VENKATA RAMANA, A. D. Rani, P. V. PRASANNA KUMAR
{"title":"A STUDY OF AEROBIC BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS WITH THEIR ANTIBIOGRAM IN A TERITARY CARE HOSPITAL","authors":"P. V. SUJITHA PRIYA, P. VENKATA RAMANA, A. D. Rani, P. V. PRASANNA KUMAR","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4094","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Surgical site infections [SSI] are regarded as a serious clinical issue and is associated with higher morbidity and death rates. SSIs are defined as infections that develop in the body area where surgery was performed and classified as superficial, deep, and organ-specific. The pathophysiology of SSIs has been linked to both exogenous contamination by medical professionals or contaminated surgical instruments and endogenous contamination by skin flora. The age, obesity, diet, and preoperative hospitalization risk variables were categorized as intrinsic to the SSI. This study undertaken to assess the prevalence of SSI and the microorganisms linked to it and to determine the antibiogram of all isolates \u0000Methods: A hospital-based prospective study conducted at Government General Hospital, Kakinada during January 2023 to December 2023. Patient information was documented, including the procedure type, kind of wound infection, wound class [clean, clean-contaminated, and contaminated], and the total number of days spent in the hospital. Pus sample was collected and subjected to Gram stain, culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing done by standard microbiological procedure. \u0000Results: A total of 1506 procedures were performed in which 60 cases [3.9%] developed SSI. Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated followed by S. aureus, E. faecalis, K. pneumoniae and Proteus spp. Maximum ESBL production [25%] seen in E. coli. S. aureus and E. faecalis were Susceptible to Teicoplanin, Linezolid. Gram negative bacteria were susceptible to Amikacin, Piperacillin–Tazobactam. \u0000Conclusion: In the present study, the rate of infection is 3.9%. The common isolate was E. coli and there is an emerging drug resistance. To prevent SSIs i would suggest that frequent surveillance, appropriate pre and postsurgical management, rigorous adherence to hospital infection control protocols, and prevention of bacterial drug resistance are crucial.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140972096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AN OVERVIEW OF SOME HERBAL ANTIDEPRESSANT PLANTS","authors":"TANMAYI PATIL, MOHAN KALE, RUTUJA KUMBHAR, VISHAL BODKE, KOMAL CHAUDHARI","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4064","url":null,"abstract":"There are numerous ways to categorize and treat depression, which is a diverse mood disease. The illness is caused by factors such as 5-HT, NA, and MAO-A inhibition and stimulation. Reduced curiosity about pleasure, feelings of inappropriate guilt or worthlessness, a drop in hunger and sexual desire, sleeplessness, and persistent suicidal thoughts are some of the symptoms. There are several synthetic medications used to treat depression, but not all of them make patients happy, and some of them may have negative side effects. Many have turned to well-liked traditional herbal remedies to avoid the negative effects of allopathic therapy. Due to their broad application, therapeutic efficacy, and little to negligible adverse effects, herbal medications are currently used worldwide. Several medicinal plants and medicines derived from these plants have shown antidepressant properties by the combined effect of their medicinal constituents. \u0000We discuss promising novel medicinal products targets for the management of major depressive illness in this review. We address the potential antidepressant benefits of selectively targeting receptors, including opioid, G-protein-coupled, and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Since they may also have therapeutic value, we also talk about substances that target biological processes, including inflammation, the gut microbiota, the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Lastly, we offer a synopsis of all the plants displayed in graphical format, together with an overview of the antidepressant plants which currently are widely accessible.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140974079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COMPARISON BETWEEN INTRATHECAL NEOSTIGMINE AND FENTANYL AS ADJUVANT TO HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE IN SPINAL ANAESTHESIA FOR POST-OPERATIVE PAIN RELIEF","authors":"Madhuchanda Borah, Mukesh Patir, Esma Antony","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4071","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Many adjuvants are used during lumbar spinal anaesthesia for lower limb and abdominal surgeries in day-to-day anaesthesia practice. The objectives of the study are to evaluate the time to onset of sensory and motor block, analgesic effect, and side effects of Neostigmine and Fentanyl as an adjuvant to hyperbaric Bupivacaine in spinal anaesthesia.\u0000Methods: 80 patients aged 18 to 60 y of either sex, American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) Physical Status I and II, undergoing elective lower limb and abdominal surgeries under lumbar spinal anaesthesia, were randomly divided into two groups-Group N and Group F, with 40 patients each. Group N received 50 µg Neostigmine and Group F received 30 µg Fentanyl with 03 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine intrathecally. Intraoperative vitals, onset of sensory and motor block, time to first rescue analgesia, and side effects were recorded.\u0000Results: There was no significant difference in the time to the onset of sensory block, peak sensory block (T6) and motor block in both groups (p-value>0.05). However, the two-segment block regression was slower, and the time to rescue analgesia was delayed in Group N than in Group F (p-value<0.0001). Except for nausea and vomiting, other side effects like hypotension, bradycardia, etc., were not significant and managed successfully.\u0000Conclusion: Both Neostigmine and Fentanyl are safe and effective adjuvant to hyperbaric Bupivacaine in spinal anaesthesia for post-operative analgesic effect. However, due to the higher incidence of nausea and vomiting, the use of Neostigmine as an adjuvant is limited.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140972813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SK. Salma Kamal, B. L. KUDAGI, P. Mohan, VURIMI BHOPAL CHANDRA, M. HARITHA
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANTIPSYCHOTIC STUDY OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF OCIMUM SANCTUM IN MICE","authors":"SK. Salma Kamal, B. L. KUDAGI, P. Mohan, VURIMI BHOPAL CHANDRA, M. HARITHA","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4069","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Psychosis (schizophrenic, schizoaffective and affective illnesses) is a group of serious illnesses that affect the mind. In spite of the availability of a number of drugs for the treatment of psychosis, however, at present, there is no satisfactory remedy available for the prevention and management of psychosis. Herbals medicines are tremendously considered to be less toxic than synthetic ones. The present study was undertaken to test the effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Ocimum sanctum leaves (100 and 200 mg/kg, p. o.). \u0000Methods: The antipsychotic activity of Ocimum sanctum extracts (ethanol and aqueous) was compared with amphetamine and chlorpromazine in mice using a locomotor activity model. 7 groups of 6 mice each were taken. Control (water) Amphetamine (positive control) Chlorpromazine (standard antipsychotic), 2 Ethanol extracts of Ocimum sanctum (100 and 200 mg/kg), 2 Aqueous extracts of Ocimum sanctum (100 and 200 mg/kg) Locomotor activity was measured before and after drug administration using an actophotometer. Percent change in activity was calculated to assess antipsychotic effects. \u0000Results: Amphetamine increased activity significantly (p<0.01). Chlorpromazine decreased activity significantly (p<0.01). Both ethanolic extracts increased activity moderately compared to control. The 200 mg/kg dose of ocimum sanctum showed a significantly increase (p<0.05 vs. amphetamine). Aqueous extracts had minimal effect on activity. \u0000Conclusion: This study shows promise for ethanloc extract of Ocimum sanctum as a potential stimulant, but further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to identify active components and understand mechanism of action.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140973772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PHYTOCHEMICALS IN ACACIA CATECHU BARK EXTRACTS FROM GUNA DISTRICT, MADHYA PRADESH","authors":"Archana Tiwari, Avinash Tiwari","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4074","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Current study aims to discover novel sources of physiologically active natural chemicals with diverse applications. In this study, four types of specific phytochemical in different extracts of Acacia catechu bark samples were investigated, which were collected from. Additionally, bibliographic analysis was conducted using dimensions research database.\u0000Methods: For this phytochemical screening, some common and standard test methods were done. Qualitative test for Phenols was done using Lead acetate test method; proteins were quantified by biuret and ninhydrin method, carbohydrates by Molish test, benedict’s test and Fehling’s test, and starch by using Iodine test method.\u0000Results: Phytochemical screening showed the phenolic compounds (different colour intensity in different samples) and soluble carbohydrates (almost same colour intensity in all test samples) are present and both proteins and insoluble carbohydrate (starch) are completely absent in all test extracts.\u0000Conclusion: The bibliographic analysis indicated the therapeutic values as well as the unavailability of published studies with these special parameters. This preliminary study provide base to find out the possible medicinal significance of Acacia catechu of Guna district and also serve as the base for further investigations.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140977736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahaveer Choyal, Priyanka Bansod, P. C. Vyas, GURUSHARAN KOODI
{"title":"CHRONICLES OF HEALING: UNVEILING THE SECRETS OF ABRASION AND LACERATION DATING IN FORENSIC PATHOLOGY","authors":"Mahaveer Choyal, Priyanka Bansod, P. C. Vyas, GURUSHARAN KOODI","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i3.4009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In the field of forensic pathology, understanding the timeline of injury occurrence is of paramount importance. This study, titled \"Chronicles of Healing: Unveiling the Secrets of Abrasion and Laceration Dating in Forensic Pathology,\" conducted a postmortem investigation to assess wound dating by gross and histopathological examination of blunt injuries. \u0000Methods: A total of 195 case samples from 119 cases were scrutinized to establish the timing of various gross changes and microscopic alterations that transpire following blunt trauma. The study encompassed abrasions, contusions, and lacerations occurring within a time frame ranging from 0 h to a maximum of 45 d. \u0000Results: The findings revealed that the gross changes in abrasions closely correlated with the corresponding microscopic changes, while contusions exhibited a similar correlation, except for a variation in the appearance of bluish color. In lacerations, the correlation was primarily evident during the early stages of injury. \u0000Conclusion: Importantly, the study emphasized the substantial impact of comorbid conditions on the healing process, highlighting the need for cautious evaluation in such cases. The study concludes that naked eye examination alone is insufficient for precise injury dating, underscoring the importance of histopathological examination to ensure accurate conclusions regarding injury age.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140973349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COMPARATIVE STUDY ON NEUROCOGNITIVE DEFICITS IN PATIENTS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AND BIPOLAR AFFECTIVE DISORDER","authors":"Bodliya Mayuresh, Jain Konika, Rathore Siddharth","doi":"10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i2.4041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2024v16i2.4041","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Cognitive impairments are central features of schizophrenia and are related to functional status and other aspects of the illness. Aim of this study is to assess and compare neurocognitive impairment in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder patients. \u0000Methods: It was a comparative study. 50 consecutive patients of schizophrenia and 50 consecutive patients of bipolar affective disorder were included. We used PANSS for schizophrenia patients and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) and Young Mania Rating scale (YMRS) were administered for bipolar patients. Neuropsychological testing was used to compare the cognitive impairment of schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. \u0000Results: The mean age of schizophrenic patients was 37 y and the mean age of BPAD patients was 37.32 y The COWT mean score for schizophrenic patients was 6.98(SD±1.84) and for BPAD patients was 8.44(SD±2.61). The score for schizophrenic patients was-21.21(SD±8.83) and for BPAD patients was-25.43(SD±9.34). The score for schizophrenic patients was 27.10(SD±1.26) and for BPAD patients was 27.52(SD±1.43). \u0000Conclusion: Compared to bipolar patients, patients with schizophrenia had more cognitive dysfunction. Timely assessment and treatment of cognitive dysfunction should be part of standard management protocols in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.","PeriodicalId":13875,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}