{"title":"A Dual-Frequency Switching-Based LCLC-LCLC Compensated WPT System With Selectively Providing Dual Constant Current Outputs","authors":"Xuebin Zhou, You Lv, Changsong Cai, Lin Yang","doi":"10.1002/cta.70235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70235","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wireless power transmission (WPT) technology is widely used in various scenarios due to its stability and safety. However, the traditional single specification constant current (CC) output WPT system cannot meet the needs of different conditions for different CC outputs. Consequently, this paper proposes a dual-frequency switching-based LCLC-LCLC compensated WPT system with selectively providing dual CC outputs. By switching two fixed frequencies, the system can be equivalent to the S-S compensation structure and the LCC-LCC compensation structure, thereby achieving dual CC outputs. First, the proposed LCLC-LCLC topology is theoretically analyzed, and the possibility of configuring it into different compensation structures at different frequencies is explored. Secondly, the S-S topology and LCC-LCC topology are mathematically derived respectively, proving that the system can achieve dual CC outputs independent of the load and that the system can achieve ZPA operation when the load changes. Finally, a verification test prototype with CC output of 4 and 6.8 A is built, and the experimental results verified the feasibility of the theoretical analysis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13874,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","volume":"54 7","pages":"3509-3516"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiarong Wu, Lin Yang, Rong Zhang, Weilin Wu, Chunming Wen, Hailong Ma
{"title":"Dynamic Behavior Analysis of Nonideal Single-Inductor Dual-Output Buck Converter With Voltage Mode Control","authors":"Jiarong Wu, Lin Yang, Rong Zhang, Weilin Wu, Chunming Wen, Hailong Ma","doi":"10.1002/cta.70215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70215","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Single-inductor multi-output dc–dc converters have been widely used in the field of power energy due to their advantages of small size, multiple outputs, and low cost. However, the parasitic parameters of components lead to complex dynamic behaviors, which seriously impact the stability of the converter. In this paper, the dynamic behavior of a nonideal SIDO buck converter with voltage control is analyzed. A discrete iterative mapping model of the nonideal SIDO buck converter is established. Based on the bifurcation diagram of output voltage and the eigenvalues of the model Jacobian matrix, the impact of control parameters on the stability of ideal and nonideal systems is analyzed, and the impact of parasitic parameters on the stability of the nonideal system is discussed. The theoretical analysis results show that the stability domain between ideal and nonideal SIDO buck converters exhibits significant differences when the control parameters change. The decrease in a parasitic resistor of circuit components or increase in the forward voltage of the freewheeling diode will cause Hopf bifurcation in the nonideal SIDO buck converter. Finally, the simulation results and experimental results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13874,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","volume":"54 7","pages":"3714-3723"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Elserougi, Ibrahim Abdelsalam, Ahmed Massoud
{"title":"Two Bidirectional Switches-Based Three-Phase Hybrid Modular Multilevel Converter for Medium-Voltage AC Drives Applications","authors":"Ahmed Elserougi, Ibrahim Abdelsalam, Ahmed Massoud","doi":"10.1002/cta.70212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70212","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recently, modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have been increasingly employed in medium-voltage drive applications with a growing role in enhancing system performance. Nevertheless, MMCs for AC drive applications encounter challenges, particularly during low-/zero-frequency operations. The voltage ripple of MMC capacitors is inversely proportional to the frequency, resulting in high capacitor voltage ripple during low-frequency operation which impacts output voltage quality. Various techniques have been proposed in the literature to ensure that MMC-based AC drives maintain minimal capacitor voltage ripple during low-/zero-frequency operations. This paper proposes a new hybrid MMC, which integrates a conventional half-bridge submodule (HBSM)-based MMC with two bidirectional switches. The first switch connects the midpoints of the first and second MMC legs, while the second switch connects the mid-points of the second and third legs. These switches are controlled, ensuring equalization of capacitor voltages during low-/zero-frequency operation. The proposed converter has a low number of semiconductor devices compared to the other existing hardware-based solutions. A detailed illustration of the proposed architecture, analysis, and design is presented. Simulation results for a three-phase medium-voltage converter are presented, where a capacitor voltage ripple of less than 1% is achieved at zero-frequency operation. Finally, experimentation results for a three-phase scaled-down prototype are presented to demonstrate the viability of the suggested approach.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13874,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","volume":"54 7","pages":"3591-3602"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuxin Yang, Ning Gao, Shuo Zhang, Weimin Wu, Yayu Yang, Rui Li
{"title":"Harmonic Current Suppression Strategy Based on RRESO for LLCL-Filtered Power Conversion System Under Distorted Grid Voltage","authors":"Shuxin Yang, Ning Gao, Shuo Zhang, Weimin Wu, Yayu Yang, Rui Li","doi":"10.1002/cta.70222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70222","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper studies a harmonic current suppression strategy for LLCL-filtered power conversion system (PCS) under distorted grid voltage condition in order to improve the power quality performance. First, a mathematical model of PCS with LLCL filter is established in αβ reference frame. Then, a modified repetitive resonant extended state observer (RRESO) is proposed to estimate lumped disturbances including both internal and external elements. Repetitive control is adopted in the calibration loop of the observer as an enhancement for estimation and suppression of periodic disturbances. In addition, a grid voltage sag compensator (GVSC) is implemented to improve the accuracy of reference current generation under abnormal grid voltage conditions. Moreover, disturbance rejection capability is certified through frequency–domain evaluation. Stability analysis was also carried out to further validate the robustness of the proposed control method, ensuring stable system operation under parameter drifting scenarios. Finally, a PCS prototype was built up. The experimental results obtained on the basis of the prototype could verify the feasibility of the proposed control strategy and its outperformance of power quality compared to conventional algorithms in PCS applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13874,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","volume":"54 7","pages":"3531-3544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on Passive Fault-Tolerant Mechanism for Delta-Connected 2 × 3-Phase SPMSM Under Two-Phase Open Circuit Fault Conditions","authors":"Ling Jiang, Feng Yu, Meixiu Xiong, Meiling Zhao, Xuhui Zhu","doi":"10.1002/cta.70198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70198","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The development of a natural fault-tolerant algorithm significantly reduces the dependence of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) control systems on conventional fault-detection methods. This advancement effectively mitigates misdiagnosis risks while enhancing overall system reliability. This paper presents a comprehensive investigation and analysis of passive fault-tolerant mechanisms in delta-connected 2 × 3-phase SPMSM systems under two-phase open circuit fault (OCF) conditions. Owing to its distinctive topological configuration, the proposed system exhibits inherent self-regulating characteristics. Specifically, when a two-phase OCF occurs in a delta-connected 2 × 3-phase SPMSM driven by a mono-inverter, the healthy phases connected in parallel with the faulty ones automatically increase their current to maintain the required magnetomotive force for continuous motor operation. Finally, the feasibility and reliability of the proposed fault-tolerant scheme are validated experimentally.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13874,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","volume":"54 7","pages":"3555-3567"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power Coordinated Control Strategy for Three-Port Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid With Joint Energy Storage","authors":"Hao Wang, Jiawei Yan, Zhe Wu","doi":"10.1002/cta.70210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70210","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With the development of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) interaction technology, more and more electric vehicles (EVs) are being integrated into microgrids as energy storage. However, when the microgrid cannot provide support in islanding mode due to power grid failures or maintenance outages, the integration of EVs can make it difficult for the system to maintain power flow balance, leading to voltage and frequency fluctuations. Therefore, this article proposes a power coordination control strategy based on a joint energy storage three-port structure. Firstly, the operating status of the system is determined based on the equivalent power values of the DC and AC subgrids, and the system is divided into six operating modes and several working conditions in detail. Secondly, based on the state of charge of the two types of energy storage in the joint energy storage system, the action priorities of EV and battery energy storage at the same time scale were divided. Furthermore, considering the coordination and cooperation between battery energy storage and EV energy storage in the joint energy storage system, coordination rules for power transmission between the joint energy storage system and the bidirectional interconnected converter were formulated, and a method for smooth switching between modes and operating conditions was introduced. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy were verified on the Matlab/Simulink simulation platform.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13874,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","volume":"54 7","pages":"3603-3616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Dual-Loop Coordinated Control Strategy for PV-Storage VSG With Cascaded Model Predictive Control and Adaptive Inertia-Damping Mechanism","authors":"Guo Ling, Shan He, Xiaochao Fan, Yu Zhu","doi":"10.1002/cta.70202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70202","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Conventional photovoltaic-storage virtual synchronous generators (VSG) often suffer from active power overshoot, frequency oscillations, and limited stability during grid-connected operation. This paper proposes a dual-loop coordinated optimization strategy. First, in the outer loop, a radial basis function (RBF) neural network adaptively tunes virtual inertia and damping, while a staged variable-weight model predictive control (MPC) introduces real-time power compensation to suppress frequency deviations and enhance dynamic recovery. Second, in the inner loop, a delay-compensated finite control set MPC (FCS-MPC) selects optimal switching vectors to achieve accurate current tracking and improve power quality. Simulations show that, compared with conventional MPC-VSG, the proposed method reduces the maximum frequency deviation from 0.445 Hz to 0.297 Hz, shortens the recovery time from 0.393 to 0.164 s, eliminates active power overshoot from 16.2% to 0%, and decreases the current total harmonic distortion (THD) from 5.53% to 2.97%, achieving a 46.3% reduction. These results confirm that the strategy effectively suppresses frequency and power fluctuations, accelerates transient recovery, and strengthens grid-connected stability, demonstrating strong potential for engineering applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13874,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","volume":"54 7","pages":"3630-3647"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruohang Weng, Chen Ding, Min Li, Pengde Wu, Yuhua Cheng
{"title":"Operating Frequency Insensitive to Coupling Variations in PT-Symmetric CPT Systems","authors":"Ruohang Weng, Chen Ding, Min Li, Pengde Wu, Yuhua Cheng","doi":"10.1002/cta.70224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70224","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Maintaining a stable operating frequency while achieving robust power delivery remains a challenge in parity–time (PT)-symmetric wireless power transfer systems, particularly under variable coupling conditions. While self-oscillating PT-symmetric inductive power transfer (IPT) systems can track bifurcation frequencies to sustain power delivered to the load (PDL), their operating frequency varies significantly with coupling, limiting practical applicability. This paper demonstrates that in capacitive power transfer (CPT) systems, one bifurcation frequency remains largely insensitive to coupling variations—a unique property attributed to the fact that the self-capacitance and the corresponding resonant frequency vary with the mutual-capacitance. We propose a frequency selection method that enables the system to operate persistently at this stable high-frequency branch. Experimental results confirm that the implemented CPT system operates within 490–500 kHz across varying coupling conditions, while maintaining a stable PDL and power transfer efficiency of over 75% (up to 90% under optimal loads). This approach offers a viable solution for applications requiring both frequency stability and efficient power transfer.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13874,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","volume":"54 7","pages":"3665-3673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Energy-Sharing Wireless Power Transfer System for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles","authors":"Weiyao Mei, Jiangjun Yuan, Yuan Sui, Tongzhao Li, Kangli Luo, Lijun Diao, Ke Sun, Zhijie Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cta.70206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inductive wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies have been widely used as an energy supplement for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). It almost focuses on unidirectional power transfer in the marine environment, but there lack studies on energy-sharing mode among AUVs. Based on the bilateral inductor-capacitor-capacitor (LCC-LCC) resonant compensation network, this paper proposes an energy-sharing WPT system for two AUVs. First, a specific magnetic coupler with strong antimisalignment capabilities, particularly in terms of rotation between the energy dock and AUVs, is proposed. The equivalent model of eddy current loss of the magnetic coupler in seawater medium is analyzed and measured. Second, the analytical formulas of the total transfer efficiency are derived and the relationship between coupling coefficients and transfer efficiency is analyzed. Finally, the experimental prototype including two WPT systems is implemented. The experimental results show that the maximum transfer efficiency in seawater medium is 93.22%, which is only 0.74% lower than that in air when operating under unidirectional transfer mode. The maximum efficiency of the energy-sharing mode could achieve 86.95% between two AUVs in the seawater medium.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13874,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","volume":"54 7","pages":"3580-3590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bidirectional Converter Efficiency Improvement: A Design Method and Control Strategy for Wide Voltage Range Based on Matrix Transformer","authors":"Donghao Tian, Yu Tang, Zeyu Jing","doi":"10.1002/cta.70223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70223","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Isolated bidirectional resonant converters play a crucial role in the domain of power electronics, particularly in the context of rapid charging and discharging applications for electric vehicles (EVs). However, in many instances, the demand for rapid charging results in increased charging current and larger converter volume, thereby reducing the efficiency and power density of the converters. This paper presents a novel analysis and design methodology of a converter employing sensorless synchronous rectification and applies a multi-segment linearization analysis method to resonant converters, which is simpler than time-domain analysis and more accurate than first harmonic approximation (FHA). This analysis provides a theoretical foundation for the implementation of synchronous rectification. It employs a hybrid control strategy of phase angle and frequency to regulate the switching on inverter and rectifier sides, significantly enhancing converter efficiency and broadening the gain range. A matrix transformer configuration is utilized to optimize thermal performance and enhance power density. Based on the proposed theory, the design of a 30 kW 660–860 V input to 250–500 V with 75 A max output prototype is discussed. The design outcomes indicate that employing synchronous rectification and matrix transformer with 10 PQ3548 cores, the converter can achieve a high power density of 8 kW/L (131 W/in\u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mrow></mrow>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup></math>) and peak efficiency of 98.4\u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <mo>%</mo></math>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13874,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","volume":"54 7","pages":"3686-3698"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148389115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}