{"title":"The Effect of B/Si and CuO on the Structure and Properties of a Novel Heat-Absorbing BZS–CuO Low-Melting Glass Used for Laser Sealing Vacuum Glazing","authors":"Yongkang Chen, Junjie Zhou, Jinxu Jiao, Zhe He, Dusha Luo, Lifen Shi, Weiwei Wang, Changqing Li, Peng Wang, Shou Peng, Hong Li","doi":"10.1111/ijag.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijag.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A novel lead-free, heat-absorbing B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–ZnO–SiO<sub>2</sub>–CuO (BZS–CuO) low-melting glass was successfully prepared. The effects of B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub>(B/Si) ratio and the content of CuO on the properties and structure of the lead-free, heat-absorbing BZS–CuO low-melting glass were studied. The optimal BZS–CuO low-melting glass component was determined by thermal properties, bending strength, and absorbance. The introduction of CuO makes the glass exhibit excellent endothermic properties. Because Cu<sup>2+</sup> enhances the absorption capacity of the glass in the near-infrared region, which converts this part of the light energy into heat energy and reduces the heat passing through the glass, thereby improving the heat absorption performance. The sealing solder made from the optimal BZS–CuO low-melting glass was used as a sealant for vacuum glazing by laser sealing. The microstructural evolution of the solder surface at different powers was investigated. The diffusion bonding between BZS–CuO low-melting glass solder and substrate glass was achieved. The results of our research provide an important reference for the technology of vacuum glazing by laser sealing in the future.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of B/Si and CuO on the Structure and Properties of a Novel Heat-Absorbing BZS–CuO Low-Melting Glass Used for Laser Sealing Vacuum Glazing","authors":"Yongkang Chen, Junjie Zhou, Jinxu Jiao, Zhe He, Dusha Luo, Lifen Shi, Weiwei Wang, Changqing Li, Peng Wang, Shou Peng, Hong Li","doi":"10.1111/ijag.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A novel lead-free, heat-absorbing B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–ZnO–SiO<sub>2</sub>–CuO (BZS–CuO) low-melting glass was successfully prepared. The effects of B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub>(B/Si) ratio and the content of CuO on the properties and structure of the lead-free, heat-absorbing BZS–CuO low-melting glass were studied. The optimal BZS–CuO low-melting glass component was determined by thermal properties, bending strength, and absorbance. The introduction of CuO makes the glass exhibit excellent endothermic properties. Because Cu<sup>2+</sup> enhances the absorption capacity of the glass in the near-infrared region, which converts this part of the light energy into heat energy and reduces the heat passing through the glass, thereby improving the heat absorption performance. The sealing solder made from the optimal BZS–CuO low-melting glass was used as a sealant for vacuum glazing by laser sealing. The microstructural evolution of the solder surface at different powers was investigated. The diffusion bonding between BZS–CuO low-melting glass solder and substrate glass was achieved. The results of our research provide an important reference for the technology of vacuum glazing by laser sealing in the future.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GSgM of Thermal, Chemical, and Crystallization Properties in Simulated Actinides-Rich HLW Iron-Phosphate Glasses","authors":"Liyan Zhang, Hong Li, Shubin Chen, Lili Hu","doi":"10.1111/ijag.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Modeling of glass transition temperature (<i>T</i><sub>g</sub>), chemical durability, and crystallization was carried out using the glass structure gene modeling (GSgM) approach for phosphate-based glasses containing simulated high-level waste (HLW) enriched in MoO<sub>3</sub>, ZrO<sub>2,</sub> and RE<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. In this approach, the structural groups of phosphate glasses were derived from deconvolution of FTIR spectra, and high-accuracy structure-property models for the target properties were developed using limited experimental data. The chemical durability model also revealed the difference in the leaching behavior of Li<sup>+</sup> relative to Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup>, as well as La<sup>3+</sup> relative to Ce<sup>3+</sup> and Nd<sup>3+</sup>. Results showed that these structure-property models are preferable for property predictions and reliable for fast screening of new glass compositions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147626297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roberto Ercoli, Paola Stabile, Gabriele Giuliani, Michael R. Carroll, Gianluca Bianchini, Eleonora Paris
{"title":"Modeling of Physical–Chemical and Thermomechanical Properties of Glasses From Recycled Waste","authors":"Roberto Ercoli, Paola Stabile, Gabriele Giuliani, Michael R. Carroll, Gianluca Bianchini, Eleonora Paris","doi":"10.1111/ijag.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This research focuses on understanding the high-temperature phase evolution occurring during the vitrification of heterogeneous construction and demolition wastes (CDWs). The aim of this project is to transform this widely distributed and mostly unused waste stream into a homogeneous, engineered, glass-based material with predictable properties, valuable for the glass industry. Starting with vitrification experiments, CDW samples (< 63 µm) were heated to target temperatures (<i>T</i>) of 1100°C, 1200°C and 1300°C and held isothermally for either 2 or 8 h. The experimental products were chemically characterized by electron microprobe (EMP) analysis, and the results show that the SiO<sub>2</sub>- and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-rich samples (RAS and PRO) achieved a high degree of vitrification at ∼1300°C, forming a homogeneous glassy matrix. Conversely, the high CaO content in the TAL sample hindered complete vitrification by promoting the stability of calcium-rich crystalline phases (e.g. larnite) up to temperatures as high as 1600°C, as shown by x-ray diffraction patterns on the treated samples. Building on these findings, the GlassNet model was employed to design a blend of PRO sample with the addition of fly ash (FA.REI) and glass waste (VF3) to improve thermomechanical performance. The model predicted an optimized mixture (Exp.a), fully composed of waste materials, for acoustic and thermal insulation applications, thus demonstrating waste recycling potential for producing new high-performance materials with practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijag.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-Refractive-Index La2O3–Nb2O5–WO3 Ternary Glasses Prepared Using a Levitation Technique","authors":"Xu Chengzhong, Hiroyuki Inoue, Yutaka Yanaba, Kazuro Kizaki, Atsunobu Masuno","doi":"10.1111/ijag.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Colorless and transparent La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>–WO<sub>3</sub> (LNW) glasses were successfully synthesized using a levitation technique in a wide glass-forming region. These glasses exhibited excellent optical properties, including a high refractive index (>2.1) with low wavelength dispersion, and high transmittance (70%‒75% at a thickness of ∼800 µm) in the ultraviolet–visible region. The glass transition temperature decreased with increasing WO<sub>3</sub> content, reaching as low as 550°C, which enables easier pressing and molding compared to other levitation-synthesized high-refractive-index glasses, such as Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-based and TiO<sub>2</sub>-based glasses. The dependence of the packing density and the electronic polarizability of the oxide ion on the Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> content suggested that the effect of substituting Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> with WO<sub>3</sub> substantially differs between La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-rich and Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-rich La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> binary glasses. The inherent absorption wavelength decreased with increasing WO<sub>3</sub> content, resulting in a lower wavelength dispersion of the refractive index. These findings indicate that LNW glasses are promising optical materials for advanced applications requiring high refractive index and low processing temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijag.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147626350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeyu Qin, Shuang Liu, Botao Guan, Yan Guo, Xueli Shan, Jin Liu, Juanjuan Zhu, Linfeng Ding
{"title":"Thermomechanical and Interfacial Properties of Lead-Free Bi2O3−ZnO−B2O3 Glasses for Hermetic Sealing Applications","authors":"Zeyu Qin, Shuang Liu, Botao Guan, Yan Guo, Xueli Shan, Jin Liu, Juanjuan Zhu, Linfeng Ding","doi":"10.1111/ijag.70026","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lead-free bismuthate-based sealing glasses are of growing interest for environmentally sustainable electronic and packaging applications. In this work, lead-free Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–ZnO–B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> glasses were modified through two distinct substitution routes—BaO replacing B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and SrO exchanging for BaO—to evaluate their suitability for glass-to-metal sealing. BaO-for-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> substitution reduced glass transition temperature (330→325°C) and increased coefficient of thermal expansion (13.0→14.1 ppm/K) due to network depolymerization, yielding a low sealing range of 505–550°C, but decreasing nanohardness (4.9→4.6 GPa) and elastic modulus (69→63 GPa). SrO-for-BaO exchange maintained nearly constant density and mechanical properties, with only minor fluctuations in thermomechanical properties, while supporting a sealing window of 520–580°C. Raman spectra confirmed increasing nonbridging oxygen formation in BaO-substituted glasses, whereas SrO exchange induced only subtle structural shifts. Both systems formed diffusion-bonded interfacial layers (<2 µm) with 304 stainless steel and showed thermal expansion compatibility (mismatch <10%), validating hermetic sealing. These results establish BaO-for-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> substitution as advantageous for low-temperature sealing and SrO-for-BaO exchange as beneficial for stabilizing thermomechanical properties, offering complementary design strategies for sustainable lead-free sealing glasses.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146256342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}