International Journal of Biology最新文献_第10页

Biochemical Compositions in the Follicular Fluid of Different Follicle Groups and Their Relationship with the Blood Concentrations in Dromedary Camels 单峰骆驼不同卵泡群卵泡液生化成分及其与血药浓度的关系

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v11n4p112

M. Shehab-El-Deen, S. Al-Dobaib, K. Al-Sobayil

{"title":"Biochemical Compositions in the Follicular Fluid of Different Follicle Groups and Their Relationship with the Blood Concentrations in Dromedary Camels","authors":"M. Shehab-El-Deen, S. Al-Dobaib, K. Al-Sobayil","doi":"10.5539/ijb.v11n4p112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v11n4p112","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic profile changes of the follicular fluid of the growing follicles can be used as an indirect indicator of the oocyte and granulosa cells quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical compositions of follicular fluid collected from follicles at different stages of growth and their relationship with that of blood serum in Dromedary camel. Ovaries were colleceted from local slaughterhouse (Oniza, KSA). Soon after slaughtering, blood samples were collected from Dromedary camel (n = 20) and follicular fluid was aspirated from three different groups of non-atretic follicles (4–6)mm, 6–8mm and 10–20mm diameter). Follicular samples were pooled by maintaining the follicular sizes. Concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, total protein, lactate dehydrosenase (LDH), cortisol, triiodothyronine (T3), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were assayed in each serum and follicular fluid sample. The concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, LDH, T3, IGF-1 and NEFA decreased in the follicular fluid irrespective of follicular sizes and increasing in trend for urea in comparison with blood serum. There was a significant concentration gradient for IGF-1 in small follicular group compared to large or medium groups. Our data from the present study suggest that the oocyte and the granulosa cells of Dromedary she camel develop in a biochemical environment that does not have remarkable changes from small to large follicles except for IGF-1. In conclusion, the above-mentioned metabolic changes in the growing follicle is related to blood metabolic changes and, therefore, may be used in determining follicular dominance, oocyte and granulosa cells quality in Dromedary camel.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78710210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Reviewer acknowledgements for International Journal of Biology, Vol. 11, No. 4 《国际生物学杂志》第11卷第4期审稿人致谢

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v11n4p130

L. Bai

引用次数: 0

Ethyl acetate fraction of Psorospermum febrifugum Spach aqueous extract did not exhibit acute or sub-chronic toxicity. Experimental study on Wistar rats 补骨精水提物的乙酸乙酯部分不表现出急性或亚慢性毒性。Wistar大鼠的实验研究

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v11n4p123

F. Agbogba, M. Sènou, Ap Tchogou, J. Lokonon, Ti Sacramento, E. Mèdoatinsa, Re Kanfon, E. Atakpa, T. Dougnon, D. Agbangnan, F. Loko, A. Laleye, J. Ategbo, S. Baba-Moussa, A. Agbonon, A. Sezan

{"title":"Ethyl acetate fraction of Psorospermum febrifugum Spach aqueous extract did not exhibit acute or sub-chronic toxicity. Experimental study on Wistar rats","authors":"F. Agbogba, M. Sènou, Ap Tchogou, J. Lokonon, Ti Sacramento, E. Mèdoatinsa, Re Kanfon, E. Atakpa, T. Dougnon, D. Agbangnan, F. Loko, A. Laleye, J. Ategbo, S. Baba-Moussa, A. Agbonon, A. Sezan","doi":"10.5539/ijb.v11n4p123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v11n4p123","url":null,"abstract":"Psorospermum febrifugum Spach (Clusiaceae) was a tropical plant whose root bark was used to treat anemia. This work aimed to evaluate the safety of the ethyl acetate fraction of the aqueous extract of this bark. Methods: The ethyl acetate fraction of the extract was administered to Wistar rats in a single dose of 2000 mg / Kg body weight for acute oral toxicity test or daily doses of 200 mg / Kg of body weight during 28 days for sub-chronic oral toxicity test, as recommended by the OECD. At day 0, then at day 14 for the acute phase and day 28 for the sub-chronic phase, the rats were weighed and their blood collected for tests. The activity of transaminases AST and ALT were measured in the liver function tests, blood urea and creatinine were measured for renal function tests and blood leukocytes were counted for the immune balance. These analyzes were supplemented by the histology of the liver, kidneys and spleen, an immune organ. Results: In acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity tests, rat’s weight, liver, kidney and immune balances as well as these organs histology were not affected, suggesting the safety of the extract fraction. Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of the aqueous extract of the root bark of Psorospermum febrifugum did not reveal any acute or sub-chronic oral toxicity. This effect could be related to its richness in flavonoids which have cytoprotective effects. The study of biological tolerance deserves to be continued by the chronic toxicity test and appropriate clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76357717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

DNA Barcoding of Cyprinid Fish Chagunius chagunio Hamilton,1822 from Phewa Lake, Nepal 尼泊尔费瓦湖鲤科鱼Chagunius chagunio Hamilton,1822的DNA条形码

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v11n4p88

B. Amatya

{"title":"DNA Barcoding of Cyprinid Fish Chagunius chagunio Hamilton,1822 from Phewa Lake, Nepal","authors":"B. Amatya","doi":"10.5539/ijb.v11n4p88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v11n4p88","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is the first of its type that uses a technique of DNA barcoding to determine identification and relationship of a species of fish from Phewa lake, Nepal. The mitochondrial DNA from two ethanol-preserved samples of fish, randomly collected from Phewa lake, was extracted using Gene AllExgene TMtissue extraction kit. 650 base pair of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) was amplified using a cocktail of four primers and was sequenced bidirectionaly using Sanger sequence method. The DNA sequences were edited using AliView software. The sequences confirmed Chagunius chagunio as their alignment with 16 reference sequences belonging to Chagunius chagunio in the NCBI GenBank, scored highest percentage of Query Cover (75% to 100%) and Percentage Identity (97.29% to 100%). The MEGA software analysed the DNA sequences to obtain their corresponding protein sequences. The DNA sequences were submitted to the GenBank and accession numbers (MN087472 and MN087473) were obtained. Clustal Omega software analysed multiple sequence alignment among 19 homologous DNA sequences of Chagunius chagunio from India, Bangladesh and Phewa lake, Nepal. The percentage of similarity among the aligned sequences was calculated as 39.3%. Based on the neighbour joining tree, the Chagunius chagunio of Phewa lake is found closely related with Chagunius chagunio of Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85767099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy, Adherence and Side Effects of PrEP for HIV-1 Prevention PrEP预防HIV-1的疗效、依从性和副作用

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v11n4p80

Wanyi Fang, Bongani I. Mphoyi, Dineo R. Motake, Jianxin Liu, Wenshuang Li, F. Mei, S. Lai, Jun Wang

引用次数: 4

Left to Right Oriented Number Scaling in an Ant 蚂蚁从左到右的数字缩放

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-08-28 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v11n4p67

M. Cammaerts, R. Cammaerts

{"title":"Left to Right Oriented Number Scaling in an Ant","authors":"M. Cammaerts, R. Cammaerts","doi":"10.5539/ijb.v11n4p67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v11n4p67","url":null,"abstract":"Trained to a smaller number of elements versus a larger one and then tested faced with the larger number and twice the smaller one, one set on the left and the other on the right of the larger number, the ants essentially reacted to the smaller number located on the left of the larger one. Trained to a larger number of elements versus a smaller one and then tested faced with the smaller number and twice the larger one, one set on the left and the other on the right of the smaller number, the ants went preferentially to the larger number located on the right of the smaller one. They similarly reacted when trained to zero versus 2 elements (mostly reacting to the zero element located on the left of the 2 elements), and when trained to 2 elements versus zero element (going essentially to the 2 elements located on the right of the zero element). Thus, the ants responded mostly to the left smaller and the right larger number of elements, and this only when a larger and a smaller respectively number of element was set in the middle. In the absence of the latter, the ants went equally to the left and the right numbers of elements. The ants arrange thus mentally the numbers (amounts) on a scale, a number line, locating the smaller quantities on the left and the larger ones on the right, as do humans and the vertebrates which have already been studied as for this numerosity characteristic. Also, the ants’ accuracy of response decreases with increasing numbers of elements.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90300716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Subtraction-Like Effect in an Ant Faced with Numbers of Elements Including a Crossed One 蚂蚁面对包括交叉元素在内的多个元素时的类减法效应

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-08-28 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v11n4p51

M. Cammaerts, R. Cammaerts

{"title":"Subtraction-Like Effect in an Ant Faced with Numbers of Elements Including a Crossed One","authors":"M. Cammaerts, R. Cammaerts","doi":"10.5539/ijb.v11n4p51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v11n4p51","url":null,"abstract":"When trained to a number of colored elements of which one was crossed, tested Myrmica sabuleti worker ants reacted essentially to that number of elements excluding the crossed one. They thus apparently subtracted the crossed element, moreover doing so better for fewer numbers of elements. When trained in the same way but tested in front of a number of uncrossed elements equal to the total number of crossed and uncrossed elements seen during training, and at the same time, to the same number of elements without the crossed one as well as to the crossed element only, the ants again reacted essentially to the number of elements minus the crossed one. Again, they did so better for smaller numbers. The ants reacted thus to the visual cue they best saw during training. They also somewhat reacted to the isolated crossed element and better when trained to lower numbers of elements. When trained to a number of uncrossed colored elements and at the same time, to a cue showing the same number of elements, but one crossed and the others uncolored, the tested ants reacted more to the initial total number of colored elements than to the same total number of colored elements minus the crossed one. This showed again that the ants did not really subtract, but reacted to what they the most distinctly saw during training. They also again better reacted in presence of fewer elements.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77786890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Natural Entomophages of Brevicoryne Brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Uzbekistan

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-08-09 DOI: 10.5539/IJB.V11N4P42

Kahramon B. Razzakov, I. Abdullaev, Ko’pal O. Saparboev, Mavluda M. Allaberganova

{"title":"Natural Entomophages of Brevicoryne Brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Uzbekistan","authors":"Kahramon B. Razzakov, I. Abdullaev, Ko’pal O. Saparboev, Mavluda M. Allaberganova","doi":"10.5539/IJB.V11N4P42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/IJB.V11N4P42","url":null,"abstract":"In our studies phenological phases of cabbage aphids Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) were studied. The influence of external factors (humidity and temperature) was studied under laboratory conditions. The maximum reproductive ability of cabbage aphids was noted in spring and autumn. Some of the parthenogenetic aphids gave about 82 larvae. The daily reproductive ability of aphids was 3-5, and the maximum 5-11. When studying the reproductive ability of parthenogenetic aphids, this indicator was slightly lower than that of the wingless aphids (average 28, maximum 51). The overall development of cabbage aphid seeds averaged 7–9 days in summer and 12–21 days in early spring and autumn. The importance and bioecological features of Metamorphus corollae (F.), Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer, 1776), Syrphus vitripennis (Meigen, 1822), Scaeva pyrastri (L.) Coccinella septempunctata (L.) and Adonia variegata (G.), Chrysopa carnea Steph. with natural control of the cabbage aphid were studied. \u0000 \u0000Studying the biological effectiveness of a simple golden-eyed fly in relation to the cabbage bug, efficiencies were observed at a ratio of II-year-old larvae of simple golden-eyed and cabbage bug in a ratio of 1:5 and 1:10. For 4 day old gold-eyed eggs, this efficiency was observed when the ratio with cabbage bug was 1:1 on the 17th day of the experiment.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79583784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishment and Characterization of a Lactating Caprine Mammary Gland Luminal Epithelial Cell Line 泌乳山羊乳腺管腔上皮细胞系的建立与鉴定

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-07-16 DOI: 10.5539/IJB.V11N4P36

Mahipal Singh, Benjamin Hortman, Venkata N. Degala, Xiaoling Ma

{"title":"Establishment and Characterization of a Lactating Caprine Mammary Gland Luminal Epithelial Cell Line","authors":"Mahipal Singh, Benjamin Hortman, Venkata N. Degala, Xiaoling Ma","doi":"10.5539/IJB.V11N4P36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/IJB.V11N4P36","url":null,"abstract":"Mammary gland is a defining characteristic of mammalian species which produces nutritious milk and plays a major role in the development of newborns. The gland contains a series of ducts and crevices leading back to alveoli, which contain milk producing cells called luminal epithelial cells. These cells, if cultured in-vitro, can be utilized to explore the metabolic processes occurring during milk production. The knowledge thus gained can be used to manipulate the system to enhance milk production and/or modify its composition. The main objective of this study was to establish a luminal epithelial cell-line from a lactating goat. Explant culture technique was used to produce primary cells from the mammary tissue of a 4-year-old lactating Saanen goat. The outgrowing cells were purified by selective trypsinization to remove fibroblast cells in 3-4 serial passages. The purified cell cultures exhibited cobblestone morphology, typical of the mammary epithelial cells, formed clear islands when plated in low density, and exhibited dome-shaped structures, if cultured for extended time. The cells stained positive with anti-human cytokeratin 18 antibodies, confirming their epithelial nature. Cell cultures also stained positive with rabbit anti-bovine β-lactoglobulin antibodies, indicating milk production in these cells. The cell-line has potential as an in-vitro cell model to understand signaling during milk synthesis, mammary gland development, and testing DNA constructs for therapeutic protein secretion in milk, prior to production of transgenic goats.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85895841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Additional Nutrients and Gelling Agents on in Vitro Response of Selected Indica Rice Varieties 附加营养素和胶凝剂对选定籼稻品种体外反应的影响

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-07-12 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v11n4p26

S. K. Repalli, Chaitanya Kumar Geda, N. Pradhan, G. Rao

引用次数: 4