International Journal of Biology最新文献_第9页

Ants Acquire the Notion of Zero through Experiences 蚂蚁通过经验获得零的概念

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2020-01-16 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v12n2p13

M. Cammaerts, R. Cammaerts

引用次数: 11

Anatomic-morphological and phytochemical study of a rare species - Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. 稀有种大黄的解剖形态学和植物化学研究。

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.26577/ijbch.2020.v13.i2.09

T. N. Kobylina, N. Mukhitdinov, K. Abidkulova, N. Kurbatova, N. O. Kudrina, M. B. Alimkulova, J. Žaltauskaitė

{"title":"Anatomic-morphological and phytochemical study of a rare species - Rheum wittrockii Lundstr.","authors":"T. N. Kobylina, N. Mukhitdinov, K. Abidkulova, N. Kurbatova, N. O. Kudrina, M. B. Alimkulova, J. Žaltauskaitė","doi":"10.26577/ijbch.2020.v13.i2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26577/ijbch.2020.v13.i2.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the features of the anatomical and morphological structure of the vegetative organs of Rheum wittrokii Lundstr. and the results of its qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses. The structure of the leaf shows the presence of calcium oxalate druses, which are located mainly under the layer of columnar mesophyll, along the Central part of the leaf blade. Druses in the spongy parenchyma are clearly distinguished and have an almost spherical shape with a peculiar needle-like structure. In the main vein, sections of the sclerenchymic lining are adjacent to the conducting bundle. The covering tissue of the roots has a secondary structure and is represented by a three-layer periderm. In the cells of the main parenchyma of the cortex, numerous calcium oxalate druses are found, which have a round-crystal configuration and are collected in small groups. The vessels of the root xylem are large with ladder and mesh perforation. Features of the main stem parenchyma are its larger, rounded-oblong or oval shape with slightly thickened cell walls. The revealed anatomical features can be used in the case of the diagnosis of medicinal plant raw materials. The study of the chemical composition, the study of biological activity and the development of new herbal medicines is relevant. As a result of studying the chemical composition of the ethanol extract of Rheum wittrokii obtained by extracting 96% ethanol, 8 main components were identified. Rhizomes are dominated by chrysophanic acid with an identification probability of 41.4%. The presence of components was found: chrysarobin, chrysophanic acid, emodin-3-methyl ether, emodin1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione, which are directly involved in the body’s metabolism, providing antioxidant, antiseptic and anti-cancer effects, and also help in the removal of toxins from the body, which has a beneficial effect on the liver, increasing the level of glycogen.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88420478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Diversity of rust fungi on woody and shrubby vegetation of the Zailiysky Alatau 扎利斯基高原木本和灌木植被上锈菌的多样性

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.26577/ijbch.2020.v13.i2.02

G. Sypabekkyzy, M. Sedlářová, Y. Rakhimova, B. D. Yermekova, L. Kyzmetova, A. Assylbek

引用次数: 0

Study of the adaptive reaction to salt stress of Сicer arietinum L., grown from seeds exposed to presowing γ – irradiation 播前γ辐照下Сicer羊尾草种子对盐胁迫的适应性研究

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.26577/ijbch.2020.v13.i2.12

E. Jafarov, M. Velijanova

引用次数: 1

Reviewer acknowledgements for International Journal of Biology, Vol. 12, No. 1 《国际生物学杂志》第12卷第1期审稿人致谢

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v12n1p55

L. Bai

引用次数: 0

A Model of Growth Trajectory Bifurcation in Animals Ontogeny 动物个体发育中的生长轨迹分岔模型

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v12n1p20

V. L. Stass

{"title":"A Model of Growth Trajectory Bifurcation in Animals Ontogeny","authors":"V. L. Stass","doi":"10.5539/ijb.v12n1p20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v12n1p20","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to formulate and analyse a model of ontogenetic growth cessation in pigs. The cessation of growth when an animal reaches its species-specific size in ontogeny is still a problem. Systemic factors that contribute to this process are unknown. The focus of the research is an analysis of the growth dynamic that explains some aspects of the problem.\u0000\u0000The method applied to meet the purpose of the study was mathematical modelling. To enhance the understanding of the growth trajectories in ontogeny an analytical model of growth in pigs was built. The model was formulated as a hybrid dynamic system with discrete-time and continuum equations. The novelty of the study is a concept of ontogenetic growth in the pig. Both a new modelling technique, and new variables are introduced. A central theme of the study is an analysis of the growth trajectory bifurcation, and a description of the two emerged growth trajectories. A reading of a normal form of bifurcation applied to the growth trajectory bifurcation has been offered.\u0000\u0000The results suggest that ontogenetic growth in pigs is not continuous. The growth trajectory has bifurcation at the point the animals attain their individual maximum weight. At this point, two new growth trajectories emerge. On one trajectory, animals continue to grow till a species maximum weight is reached. On other trajectory, animals continue to live till obtainable life span is attained. The emerged trajectories are genetic channels that open the way to grow for the certain phenotypes. Ontogenetic growth stops when the feed conversion coefficient grows into infinity.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85141400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Ants’ Mental Positioning of Amounts on a Number Line 蚂蚁对数轴上数量的心理定位

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-11-30 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v12n1p35

R. Cammaerts, M. Cammaerts

{"title":"Ants’ Mental Positioning of Amounts on a Number Line","authors":"R. Cammaerts, M. Cammaerts","doi":"10.5539/ijb.v12n1p35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v12n1p35","url":null,"abstract":"Myrmica sabuleti ants have a mental number line on which numbers (non-symbolic displayed amounts) are ranked, the smaller on the left and the larger on the right. Here we try to know if the difference between two successive numbers is identically estimated all along this line or is less and less well estimated with increasing number magnitude. Ants were trained to distinguish two successive numbers differing by one unit (1 vs 2, 2 vs 3, …, 6 vs 7) during 72 hours and tested after 7, 24, 31, 48, 55 and 72 h. The ants responded less well for larger numbers (e.g. their response to 6 vs 7 was weaker than that to 1 vs 2). The relation between the ants’ ability in discriminating two successive numbers according to their size, ratio or relative difference was best described by a non-linear, power function and somewhat less well by a logarithmic function. A linear function could only significantly better fit the data when large fluctuations in the ants’ discrimination score appeared in the course of increasing training time. The ants’ mental positioning of numerosity on their number line appears thus to be compressed along a non-linear scale, most likely according to a power function of the numbers’ magnitude characteristics.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76695503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

The Social Wasp Fauna and Biology of Khorezm Region (Hymenoptera, Vespidae: Vespinae, Polistinae) Khorezm地区寄生蜂区系及生物学(膜翅目，寄生蜂科:寄生蜂科，寄生蜂科)

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v12n1p14

Ulmasbek R. Abdullaev, I. Abdullaev, Oygul O. Masharipova

引用次数: 0

Ants’ Capability of Adding and Subtracting Odors 蚂蚁对气味的增减能力

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-10-08 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v12n1p1

M. Cammaerts, R. Cammaerts

{"title":"Ants’ Capability of Adding and Subtracting Odors","authors":"M. Cammaerts, R. Cammaerts","doi":"10.5539/ijb.v12n1p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v12n1p1","url":null,"abstract":"Summing and discriminating odors may be useful for animals in their daily life. The workers of the ant Myrmica sabuleti rely essentially on odors for navigating and have a rather poor visual perception. It was previously shown that they can add and subtract visual elements when the result of the operation has been concretely presented to them, i.e. they thus respond to an image which corresponds the best to that they have memorized. Here we examined if these ants can sum two odors and ‘subtract’ (discriminate) an odor from a mixture of two ones. They added two distinct odors only when these odors were presented side by side and perceived simultaneously, and not when they were located at some distance from one another and perceived consecutively. They discriminated one odor from a mixture when that odor was presented in association with a reward (the food). They subtracted one odor from a mixture when that specific odor was presented and perceived separately at a place not associated with a reward. Myrmica sabuleti workers could thus effectively add two odors and subtract one odor from a mixture, but only when the odor(s) to which they should respond was (were) associated with a reward. In the wild, such a behavior could help the ants to navigate.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73110114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Influence of Accelerated Temperature on Thermal Stability of Inactivated Oil Based Vaccines 加速温度对油基灭活疫苗热稳定性的影响

International Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.5539/ijb.v11n4p101

M. Sarmad, M. Mehmood, H. Anwar, Muhammad Usman Ghani, Khusbu Farwa, S. Munir

{"title":"Influence of Accelerated Temperature on Thermal Stability of Inactivated Oil Based Vaccines","authors":"M. Sarmad, M. Mehmood, H. Anwar, Muhammad Usman Ghani, Khusbu Farwa, S. Munir","doi":"10.5539/ijb.v11n4p101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v11n4p101","url":null,"abstract":"Accelerated thermal stability of vaccines during shelf life has vital impact on its potency. Temperature directly affects the stability of the vaccines and degradation of immunogen depends upon the storage and environmental conditions. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the potency of three different inactivated oil based commercial vaccines under artificially induced thermal conditions such as 4°C, 24°C, 36°C and 45°C. The vaccines were analyzed for their viscosity, density, pH, stability, particle distribution and serological potency after 10, 20 and 30 days. It was revealed that vaccines stored for 30 days at 4°C upto 24°C showed significantly better physiochemical response and in vivo serological potency (p>0.05) as compared to vaccines stored for 30 days at 36°C and 45°C (p<0.05). Otto ND showed significantly better emulsion stability even under accelerated temperature at 45°C for 30 days (p>0.05) as compared to Gallimune and Medivac (p<0.05). The density of Medivac was stable under thermal stress conditions even at 36°C for 30 days (p>0.05) as compare to Otto ND and Gallimune vaccine (p<0.05). \u0000 \u0000It is concluded that inactivated oil based ND vaccines can resist elevated thermal stress up to 36°C for 30 days without any ill effect on physiochemical properties of emulsion and decline in serological potency. The vaccines showed significant deterioration physically at temperature >30°C when stored for 30 days whereas, immunogenic response was protective with minimal uniformity. However, above vaccine could be used for effective immune-prophylaxis in poultry.","PeriodicalId":13849,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82083271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0