International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the prevalence of aflatoxin B1 in poultry feed in Dakar, Senegal: implications for animal and public health","authors":"Nadege Minougou, Aristide Benewende Kabore, M. Savadogo, Mikhailou Kiswend-Sida Dera, Dieudonne Laibane Dahourou","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.7","url":null,"abstract":"Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin that can contaminate a wide variety of foodstuffs such as animal feed. Most of the ingredients used in  livestock feed are highly susceptible to contamination, with a propensity to release residues in products intended for human  consumption. In the case of the poultry industry, the ingestion of contaminated feed by poultry can lead to alterations in their sanitary  and zootechnical performance. It also may cause a food safety problem related to the presence of mycotoxin residues in animal products.  The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and level of AFB1 in poultry feeds/ingredients used or marketed in  the city of Dakar and its suburbs, and to discuss the potential risks to animal and human health. In total, 68 samples of starter, grower,  finisher, pullet, and layer feeds and 2 ingredients samples were analysed. The research and quantification of AFB1 were done using the  high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, as described in ISO 14718. The results showed that all (100%) of the samples  were contaminated with levels ranging from less than 0.1 ppb to 52.3 ppb in the feeds. The level in ingredients samples were 0.5 and  177.5 ppb respectively for the fish flour and peanut meal. Of all the samples analysed (feeds and ingredients), 5.7% had contamination  levels above the allowable limits for poultry feed. Given these results and the threat to public health posed by the increasing consumption  of poultry products, it would be judicious to systematically include the research of mycotoxins in raw materials, along with  the bromatological analyses used for food formation. Additionally, a study on mycotoxin residues in foodstuff from poultry would be of  great interest for the protection of public health and food safety. ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"83 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cattle tick-borne pathogens sharing the same vectors in Benin and Burkina Faso: variations in prevalence and coinfection patterns","authors":"A. Biguezoton, S. Adehan, H. Adakal, Honorine Badolo, Mamadou Toure, Sébastien Zoungrana, S. Farougou, Christine Chevillon","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.19","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding interactions between pathogens at the level of the individual host and the population in West Africa, may have  noteworthy implications for predictions of diseases emergence and disease control programmes. Hence, the current study was aimed at  investigating the interactions between Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and B. bovis in West African cattle. Twelve sentinel steers  in each of the eight selected herds were randomly chosen to perform a one-year-long survey designed to monthly collect blood  sample and to diagnose possible infections of the steers. This allowed identifying A. marginale as the most prevalent pathogen across the  three surveyed regions (range: 0.60-1), followed by B. bigemina (0.24-0.85) and B. bovis (0.10-0.64); the same ranking order of the  tick-borne pathogens was observed when considering the apparent duration of cattle infection. Regarding interaction patterns, mainly  avoidance was revealed between A. marginale and B. bigemina and between B. bigemina and B. bovis. Such negative interaction seemed  to be beneficial to the West African cattle surveyed, helping them to escape from babesiosis caused by B. bovis. Altogether, studied Boophilus tick-borne pathogens negatively interact within cattle in Benin and Burkina Faso. This pattern raises new questions regarding  the underlying mechanisms and potential consequences.    ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"18 1‐2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prévalence des rongeurs (Muridae et Soricidae) en saison sèche dans la Commune Urbaine de Kindia","authors":"Namory Keita, A. Cissé, Aboubacar Hady Toure, Raphaëlle Dore, S. Yakovlev, M. Sangaré","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.13","url":null,"abstract":"Le choix de ce thème contribuerait à une meilleure connaissance de l’écologie de ces espèces quasimenacées et devrait permettre la mise en place d’une stratégie de conservation durable. Cette étude sur la prévalence des rongeurs (Muridae et Soricidae) en saison sèche  a été effectuée entre 20 novembre 2021 et 20 mai 2022 dans les Maisons habitées, Maisons non habitées, Magasins, Champs  agricoles, Forêts-Buissons et Rizière dans la Commune Urbaine de Kindia. Ont été capturés 250 rongeurs dont 6 espèces à l'aide de  pièges de type tapettes, disposés en lignes de 5 à 10 pièges ou espacés de quelques mètres : 101 (40,40%) Rattus rattus, 89 (35,60%)  Mastomys ssp., 51 (20,40%) Mus musculus, 4 (1,60%) Praomys ssp., 3 (1,20%) Cricetomys gambianus et 2 (0,80%) Crocidura ssp., 204  (81,60%) étaient des mâles contre 46 (18,40%) femelles, 39 (15,60%) dans le quartier cacia contre 4 (1,60%) dans le quartier Abattoir. La  plus grande capture fut effectuée dans les maisons habitées 112 (44,80%) contre 10 (4,00%) dans les forêts-buissons. Les pièges étaient  appâtés avec du poisson séché et mis en place de 19h à 6h avant d’être ramassés et conduits au laboratoire pour être identifier à travers  la méthode de Rosevear (1969). Pour terminer, la prévalence des rongeurs était plus élevée au mois de mai 104 (41,60%) contre 64  (25,60%) au mois d’avril. \u0000  \u0000English title: Prevalence of rodents (Muridae and Soricidae) in the dry season in the Commune Urbaine de Kindia \u0000The choice of this theme would contribute to a better understanding of the ecology of these nearthreatened species, and should enable a sustainable conservation strategy to be put in place. This study on the prevalence of rodents (Muridae and Soricidae) in the dry season  was carried out from November 20, 2021 to May 20, 2022 in inhabited houses, uninhabited houses, stores, agricultural fields, bush-forests  and rice fields in Urban Commune of Kindia. A total of 250 rodents, including 6 species, were captured using tapette-type traps  set in lines of 5 to 10 traps or spaced a few meters apart: 101 (40.40%) Rattus rattus, 89 (35.60%) Mastomys  ssp., 51 (20.40%) Mus  musculus, 4 (1.60%) Praomys ssp., 3 (1.20%) Cricetomys gambianus and 2 (0.80%) Crocidura ssp., 204 (81.60%) were males vs. 46 (18.40%)  females, 39 (15.60%) in the Cacia district versus 4 (1.60%) in the Abattoir district. The largest numbers were caught in inhabited houses  112 (44.80%) versus 10 (4.00%) in bush forests. The traps were baited with dried fish and set from 7pm to 6am before being collected and  taken to the laboratory for identification using the Rosevear method (1969). Finally, the prevalence of rodents was higher in May 104  (41.60%) than in April 64 (25.60%).","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"34 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effets de différentes doses d’engrais inorganiques sur le rendement et la performance économique du cotonnier","authors":"Aliou Badara Kouyate, Souleymane Kone, S. G. Dembele, M. Famanta","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.28","url":null,"abstract":"La baisse constante de la fertilité des sols est la contrainte abiotique majeure qui limite la productivité du coton au Mali. L’objectif de  cette étude était d’identifier une formule de fertilisation adéquate pour la culture du coton sur sol ferrugineux tropical. Pour ce faire un  dispositif factoriel en bloc randomisé complet en 3 répétitions a été installé. Le facteur étudié était la formule de fertilisation minérale  avec 4 niveaux de variation. Les résultats ont montré une corrélation positive entre la hauteur des plants, le nombre de ramifications et le  rendement grain avec l’apport de dose croissante de nutriments au cours des deux années de l’expérimentation. La formule de  fertilisation minérale pour un rendement coton grain supérieur á 1000 kgha-1 est de 30 kgha-1 d’azote, 20 kg de P2O5 ha-1 et 20 kg de  K2O ha-1 associée à une dose d’engrais organique de 2,5 t ha-1 en apport annuel est techniquement performant et économiquement  rentable. Il est nécessaire de tester cette formule avec les agriculteurs pour la confirmation de son efficacité. \u0000English title: Effects of  different doses of inorganic fertilizers on cotton yield and economic performance  \u0000The steady decline in soil fertility is the major abiotic  constraint that limits cotton productivity in Mali. The objective of this study was to identify an adequate fertilization formula for cotton  cultivation on tropical ferruginous soil. To do this, a complete randomized block design in 3 replications was carried out. The factor studied was the mineral fertilization formula with 4 levels of variation. The results showed a positive correlation between plant height,  number of branches and grain yield with the increasing dose of nutrients during the two years of the experiment. The mineral  fertilization formula for cotton grain yield greater than 1000 kgha-1 is 30 kgha-1 of nitrogen, 20 kg of P2O5 ha-1 and 20 kg of K2O ha-1 associated with a rate of organic fertilizer of 2.5 t ha-1 in annual input is technically efficient and economically profitable. There is need for  testing this technology further together with farmers to evaluate its effectiveness. ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyse phytochimique des extraits éthanoliques de la variété blanche d’Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn (Malvaceae) et évaluation de toxicité aiguë par voie orale chez des rats Wistar","authors":"Jean-Michel Kouassi Akpo, Maxime Machioud Sangare-Oumar, Isabelle Teniola Sacramento, Abdoulaye Zibrila Issotina, Felix Fanou Guinnin, Alban Houngbeme","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.24","url":null,"abstract":"Les populations du centre et du Septentrion du Bénin utilisent les feuilles, les calices et les graines de la variété blanche Hibiscus  sabdariffa L. dans l’alimentaire et en pharmacopée pour la prévenir et le traiter diverses maladies. Ce travail visait d’une part à  déterminer la composition en métabolites secondaires de ces trois organes sus-mentionnés et d’autre part, à évaluer la toxicité aiguë de  leurs extraits. A cet effet une analyse phytochimique basée sur des réactions de coloration et/ou de précipitation a été effectué afin  d’identifier quelques composés chimiques qu’ils contiennent. La toxicité aigüe des extraits des organes a été testée par observation  durant 14 jours après gavage par une dose unique de 5000 mg/kg pv à des rats Wistar contre des témoins. Les tests phytochimiques révèlent la présence des tanins galliques, des flavonoïdes, des anthocyanes, des leuco-anthocyanes, des mucilages, des composés  réducteurs, des anthracéniques combinés dans les trois organes. En ce qui concerne la toxicité, les extraits des trois organes de la plante  n’ont pas provoqué de variations significatives des taux d’urée, de l’uricémie des bilirubines, l’Aspartate Aminotransférase (ASAT),   l’Alanine Aminotransférase (ASAT) et la Phosphatase Alcaline (PAL) chez rats Wistar (p > 0,05). \u0000  \u0000English title: Phytochemical analysis of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn (Malvaceae) ethanolic extracts and evaluation of acute oral toxicity in  Wistar rats \u0000The populations of central and northern Benin use the leaves, chalices and seeds of the white variety Hibiscus sabdariffa L. in food and in  pharmacopoeia in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. This work aimed on the one hand to determine the composition in  secondary metabolites of these three above-mentioned organs and on the other hand, to evaluate the acute toxicity of their extracts. To  this end, phytochemical analysis based on coloring and/or precipitation reactions was carried out in order to identify some chemical  compounds they contain. The acute toxicity of the organ extracts was tested by observation for 14 days after gavage with a single dose of  5000 mg/kg bw in Wistar rats against controls. Phytochemical tests reveal the presence of gallic tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins,  leuco-anthocyanins, mucilages, reducing compounds, anthracenics combined in the three organs. With regard to toxicity, the extracts of  the three plant organs did not cause significant variations in the levels of urea, uricemia, bilirubins, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST),  Alanine Aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in Wistar rats (p > 0.05).","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"65 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic des Coopératives Agricoles de la plaine aménagée de Niofila-Douna dans la zone sud soudanienne du Burkina Faso","authors":"Bienvenu Zonou, Pascal Bazongo, M. Coulibaly, Boureima Kafando","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.20","url":null,"abstract":"Le programme de restructuration et de mise en valeur de la plaine aménagée de Niofila/Douna au Burkina Faso, initié à cet effet, a  démarré en 2012. A ce jour, sept (07) coopératives de base existantes et leur faitière ainsi que le comité d’irrigants présentent toutes des  insuffisances organisationnelles. L’objectif de cette étude a consisté à faire le diagnostic des organisations paysannes de la plaine  aménagée de Niofila-Douna ainsi que les contraintes liées à leur fonctionnement, puis, à en faire l’analyse et proposer des actions à  entreprendre. Pour ce faire, l’outil ̏ Toile d’araignée ̋ (Td’A) qui est spécifiquement destiné à l’analyse des performances des organisations  paysannes a été utilisé. Les résultats auxquels nous sommes parvenus, montrent des organisations de très faibles niveaux  de performance. Les scores moyens des Organisations Paysannes (OP) varient entre 0 et 6,13 points sur 20 soit une moyenne d’ensemble  de 3,13 points sur 20. C’est pourquoi, les actions urgentes d’éducation coopérative, d’accroissement des facteurs de  production et le développement du partenariat s’avèrent être les mesures nécessaires pour rehausser le niveau de performance, la  capacité organisationnelle et de gestion des OP de la plaine de Niofila/Douna. \u0000  \u0000English title: Agricultural cooperative diagnosis at farmlands of Niofila-Douna in the South-sudanian zone of Burkina Faso \u0000The programme to restructure and develop the Niofila/Douna irrigated plain in Burkina Faso was launched in 2012. To date, seven (07)  existing grassroots cooperatives, their umbrella organisation and the irrigators' committee all have organisational shortcomings. The  aim of this study was to diagnose the farmers' organisations on the Niofila-Douna plain and the constraints on their operation, then to  analyse them and propose actions to be taken. To do this, we used the ̏Canvas spider ̋(Td'A) tool, which is specifically designed to analyse the performance of farmers' organisations. The results we arrived at show organisations with very low levels of performance. The  average scores for farmers' organisations (FOs) ranged from 0 to 6.13 points out of 20, giving an overall average of 3.13 points out of 20.  This is why urgent action to educate cooperatives, increase production factors and develop partnerships is needed to raise the level of  performance and the organisational and management capacity of FOs on the Niofila/Douna plain. ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation de l’aptitude à la levée sur divers substrats et effet de la fertilisation organo-minérale sur la croissance des plants de Artemisia annua L au Burkina Faso","authors":"Adama Pascal Kihindo, Badiel Badoua, Edmond Dondasse, A. Traoré, G. Zombré","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.11","url":null,"abstract":"Artemisia annua L. est une plante annuelle d’origine chinoise cultivée principalement pour ses vertus antipaludiques. Cependant, la  production de la biomasse est déficitaire par rapport à la demande nationale. La présente étude a été menée dans le but de déterminer  les meilleures conditions de culture d’Artemisia annua L. pour la croissance des plants de l’espèce au Burkina Faso. Ainsi, différents  traitements ont été appliqués sur les graines (ébouillantage), sur le substrat de culture (ébouillantage, ensoleillement) et le mode de  semis. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que les graines non ébouillantées semées en ligne sur substrat ébouillanté ont donné un  nombre maximum de levée des plants. Également, la biomasse et la hauteur moyenne des plantes obtenues avec le compost, le bokashi  et le NPK étaient respectivement de 22,4 g et 95±0,11 cm ; 14,4 g et 100±0,11 cm ; 16,26 g et 93±0,11 cm montrant ainsi une meilleure  production de biomasse foliaires avec le compost. Pour la transpiration, les résultats obtenus ont montré qu’en présence de compost, du  NPK ou du bokashi, les plantes transpiraient le plus (soient 0,1kg d’eau perdue en moyenne par heure). Au regard de ces résultats, le  semi de graines sur un substrat préalablement ébouillanté améliore la levée des plants et l’utilisation du compost améliore la croissance  voire la production des feuilles des plants. \u0000  \u0000English title: Evaluation of the ability to emerge on various substrates and effect of organomineral fertilization of Artemisia annua L plants growth in Burkina Faso \u0000  \u0000Artemisia annua L. is an annual plant of Chinese origin cultivated mainly for its antimalarial properties. However, biomass production is  insufficient to meet national demand. The present study was conducted to determine the best conditions for growing Artemisia annua L.  plants in Burkina Faso. Thus, different treatments were applied to the seeds (scalding), the growing medium (scalding, sunlight) and the  sowing method. The results obtained showed that non-scalded seeds sown in rows on scalded substrate gave a maximum number of  seedling emergence. Also, the average biomass and height of plants obtained with compost, bokashi and NPK as substrates were 22.4 g  and 95±0.11 cm ; 14.4 g and 100±0.11 cm ; 16.26 g and 93±0.11 cm, respectively, showing a better production of leaf biomass with  compost. For transpiration, the results obtained showed that in the presence of compost, NPK or bokashi, the plants transpired the most  (i.e. 0.1 kg of water lost on average per hour). In view of these results, semi-sowing seeds on a previously scalded substrate improves the  emergence of the plants and the use of compost improves the growth and even the production of the leaves of the plants.  ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"1 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caractérisation sensorielle de formulations de boissons lactées à base de lait de cajou et jus d’ananas","authors":"Carine N'cho, Doudjo Soro, Y. N. Konan, Ernest Kouadio Koffi","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.22","url":null,"abstract":"Grâce à son importante composition en lipides, protéines, glucides et micronutriments, le lait de cajou dispose de potentialités nutritives  à même de le valoriser comme alternatif au lait animal. Toutefois, à l’instar de nombreux laits alternatifs, les laits d’origine végétale ne  présentent pas toujours des profils organoleptiques optimums pour leur vulgarisation auprès des consommateurs. La présente étude  visait à appréhender l’appréciation hédonique et décrire des indicateurs sensoriels de quatre formulations (F1 à F4) de boisson lactée acidifiée à base de lait d’amande de cajou et de jus d’ananas, à partir de panels de dégustateurs et des échelles de notation sensorielle à  7 points. La formulation F4 constituée de 25% de lait d’amande de cajou et 75% de jus d’ananas a enregistré le meilleur score de  préférence et était appréciée par 69,65% des panélistes dégustateurs. Cette formulation présente de plus grandes intensités de  perception de quatre indicateurs sensoriels, notamment la coloration (4,75 ±1,13/7), fluidité (4,56 ±0,63/7), le goût ananas (5 ±1,15/7) et  l’arôme ananas (5 ±1,21/7). En revanche, les formulations F1 à F3 présentent des intensités plus ou moins considérables pour d’autres descripteurs sensoriels tels que l’arôme de cajou, la sensation de craie en bouche, l’arrière-goût et le goût d’amande de cajou. Sur la  base de ses caractéristiques sensorielles supérieures, la production de la formulation F4 pourrait représenter une voie appropriée pour la  valorisation alimentaire des amandes de cajou. \u0000  \u0000English title: Investigation in sensory traits from beverage formulations based on cashew milk and pineapple juice \u0000Because of its high lipid, protein, carbohydrate and micronutrient content, cashew milk has the nutritional potential to be a valuable  alternative to animal milk. However, like many alternative milks, plant-based milks do not always have the optimal organoleptic profiles  to be popularized by consumers. The aim of the present study was to assess the hedonic appreciation and describe the sensory  indicators of four formulations (F1 to F4) of acidified milk drink based on cashew almond milk and pineapple juice, using taster panels  and 7-point sensory rating scales. The F4 formulation, made up of 25% cashew almond milk and 75% pineapple juice, recorded the highest preference score, appreciated by 69.65% of panel tasters. This formulation showed higher perception intensities for four sensory  indicators, notably color (4.75 ±1.13/7), fluidity (4.56 ±0.63/7), pineapple taste (5 ±1.15/7) and pineapple aroma (5 ±1.21/7). On the other  hand, formulations F1 to F3 showed more or less considerable intensities for other sensory descriptors such as cashew aroma, chalky  mouthfeel, aftertaste and cashew kernel taste. On the basis of its superior sensory characteristics, the production of the F4 formulation    could represent a suitable route for the food valorization of cashew kernels.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence de la densité d’arbres sur le rendement de trois variétés de riz de coteau dans la Commune Rurale de Tindo en République de Guinée","authors":"M. Cissé, H. Bah, S. Diallo","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.16","url":null,"abstract":"Le riz pluvial de coteau exerce une grande pression sur les écosystèmes des zones tropicales. L’objectif général de cette étude était  d’intégrer les arbres dans la riziculture pluviale de coteau et accroitre la résilience aux changements climatiques des producteurs ruraux.  Cette étude a porté sur quatre (4) densités d’arbres : la densité D0 est le témoin (0 arbre/ha), D1 (50 arbres/ha), D2 (100 arbres/ha) et D3  (150 arbres/ha) et trois (3) variétés de riz pluvial de côteau : Djoukèmè (V1), Djoni Djoni (V2) et Kogna (V3). Le dispositif expérimental  utilisé était le factoriel en blocs. Les résultats ont montré que les paramètres étudiés sur les variétés de riz ont été significativement  influencés par les densités d’arbres (P < 0,05). Cependant, épargner des arbres dans le système de culture sur côteau favorise la  résilience des exploitants. Les densités D1 et D2 ont donné des rendements appréciables car ils sont relativement proche de ceux de D0.  Ce qui pourrait aider à la protection durable des ressources naturelles et lutter contre les changements climatiques tout en maintenant  un rendement élevé de la culture de riz pluvial par unité de surface.  \u0000  \u0000English title: Influence of tree density on the production performance of three hillside rice varieties in the Rural Communauty of Tindo in Republic of Guinea \u0000Rice agroforestry practices is receiving a growing interest in tropical areas as a way to boost production and strengthen farmers’  resilience to climate change. This study investigates the impacts of tree density on the performance of different varieties of upland rice.  The treatments include four (4) tree densities namely D0 as control (0 tree/ha), D1 (50 trees/ha), D2 (100 trees/ha) and D3 (150 trees/ha)  as well as three (3) varieties of upland hillside rice including Djoukèmè (V1), Djoni Djoni (V2) and Kogna (V3). The experiment design used was the block factorial. The results showed that tree density significantly influenced upland rice performance parameters. Trees densities  (D1 and D2) showed appreciable yields relatively similar to those of density D0. These results suggest some level of tree density could be  beneficial for rice production and environmental sustainability. Considering the threat that climate change poses to rice production, rice  agroforestry could contribute to sustainable protection of natural resources while maintaining a high yield per unit area.  ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic structure of Ehrlichia ruminantium based on Multilocus Sequence Typing: particularities of strains from West-Africa","authors":"A. Biguezoton, H. Adakal, Souai¯bou Farougou, Clément Agbangla, Christine Chevillon","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.1","url":null,"abstract":"Ehrlichia ruminantium is the tick-borne rickettsia causing heartwater to wild and domestic ruminants. Previously, Multilocus Sequence Typing of this pathogen (MLST) highlighted the co-circulation of two genotypic groups within nearby villages from Burkina Faso where  vaccination assays had been previously recurrently performed. In the present study the laboratory strains that had been involved in  vaccination assays, which evidenced their close relationships with strains that were later involved in local outbursts, were genotyped. Characterization of the bacterium genetic diversity was extended to four distant Beninese localities where no vaccination assays had ever  been performed, through sampling of N=500 specimens of the local tick vector, Amblyomma variegatum. This led evidencing an  even higher frequency of new multilocus MLST genotypes in Benin than in Burkina Faso, 93% of the Beninese genotypes included at least  one new private allele (i.e., no detected elsewhere), while this was only the case of 80% bacteria genotypes sampled in Burkina Faso. Investigating the genetic structure of the bacterium across the Africa continent revealed a reduction of its diversity in the eastern and  southern part of the continent relatively to West Africa. As the bacterial genetic diversity currently remains highest in West Africa than  anywhere else in the continent, this area remains optimal for the development and/or testing of vaccines against heartwater.  ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}