International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Recherche et caractérisation des cryoglobulinémies chez les donneurs de sang porteurs des anticorps anti-VHC à Lubumbashi, République Démocratique du Congo","authors":"Adolphe Baleebenga, Arsene Kabamba-Tshikongo, Albert Longanga-Otshudi","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.4","url":null,"abstract":"La cryoglobulinémie constitue une des formes extra-hépatiques d’aggravation de l’hépatite C. A notre connaissance, aucune étude n’a  été réalisée à ce jour à Lubumbashi sur ce sujet. Cette étude avait pour objectif de déterminer la prévalence et les types de cryoglobulines  chez les donneurs de sang porteurs de l’hépatite C dans la ville de Lubumbashi. Il s’est agi d’une étude descriptive  transversale analytique réalisée de novembre 2021 à juin 2022 à la banque de sang de l’hôpital Jason Sendwe à Lubumbashi. Au total,  1901 échantillons collectés chez les donneurs de sang avaient été analysés. La détection des cryoglobulines était réalisée par la méthode  de précipitation à froid et leur caractérisation par électrophorèse capillaire. Pour le dépistage des anticorps anti-VHC, nous avons utilisé  les tests de diagnostic rapide (TDR) et la mesure des paramètres biochimiques avait été réalisée par la méthode spectrophotométrique.  La prévalence des anticorps anti-VHC et des cryoglobulines était de 4,9% et 46,8% respectivement. Les cryoglobulines identifiées étaient  de type I, II et III. Les perturbations des paramètres biochimiques étaient plus élevées chez les donneurs de sang porteurs d’hépatite C  avec cryoglobulines. La détection et caractérisation des cryoglobulines fournissent une orientation vers l’identification d’une éventuelle  maladie sous-jacente. \u0000  \u0000English title: Research and characterization of cryoglobulinemia in blood donors with antiHCV antibodies in  Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo  \u0000Cryoglobulinemia constitutes one of the extra-hepatic forms of severe hepatitis C. To the  best of our knowledge, no study has been carried out to date in Lubumbashi on this subject. This study aimed to determine the  prevalence and types of cryoglobulins among positive hepatitis C blood donors in Lubumbashi. This was a descriptive, analytical, cross- sectional study carried out from November 2021 to June 2022 at the blood bank of Jason Sendwe Hospital of Lubumbashi. In total, 1901  samples collected from blood donors were analyzed. The detection of cryoglobulins was carried out by the cold precipitation method  whereas their characterization was performed by capillary electrophoresis. For the screening of anti-HCV antibodies, we used rapid  diagnostic tests (RDT) and biochemical parameters were assessed using the spectrophotometric method. The prevalence of anti-HCV  antibodies and cryoglobulins was 4.9% and 46.8% respectively. Types I, II and III cryoglobulins were identified. Disturbances in  biochemical parameters were higher in hepatitis C blood donors with cryoglobulins. The detection and characterization of cryoglobulins  provide guidance towards the identification of a possible underlying disease. ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence de la température sur la spermatogénèse chez le tilapia du Nil, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) : une synthèse","authors":"Abdoul Aziz Tapsoba, G. Dayo, S. Santi, Rokyatou Sissao, Aboubacar Sourabie, Estele Pelagie Sanou, Alfred Ouedraogo, A. Toguyeni","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.25","url":null,"abstract":"Le tilapia du Nil est une espèce aquacole majeure dont la gamétogénèse est fortement modulée par la température. Ainsi, de nombreux  travaux ont été consacrés à l’étude de l’influence des traitements thermiques sur la spermatogénèse chez cette espèce. Le présent article  a pour objectif de faire un état des connaissances de l’influence de la température sur la spermatogénèse chez le tilapia du Nil.  Les connaissances disponibles sur l’organisation testiculaire, l’évolution des cellules germinales et le rôle des cellules somatiques chez le  tilapia de Nil ont d’abord été présentées. Les travaux relatifs aux effets de la température sur la spermatogénèse chez cette espèce ont  ensuite été synthétisés à quatre niveaux à savoir l’influence des basses températures (≤ 20°C), les hautes températures (35°C) chez les  mâles matures, les hautes températures de masculinisation (36°C) et les hautes températures stérilisantes (37°C). Les différents travaux  concordent avec le fait que les basses températures compromettent l’évolution de la spermatogénèse chez le tilapia du Nil tandis que les  hautes températures accélèrent la spermatogénèse chez les mâles matures. Il ressort également que l’influence des traitements  thermiques d’inversions sexuelles ou de stérilisations sur les cellules germinales, serait corrélée avec la variabilité inter ou intra souche  de la thermosensibilité de la différenciation sexuelle. \u0000  \u0000English title: Influence of temperature on Nile tilapia spermatogenesis,  Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758): a synthesis \u0000Temperature highly modulates gametogenesis of a Nile tilapia which is the major aquaculture species. Many studies have therefore been  devoted to studying the influence of thermal treatments on spermatogenesis in this species. This article reviews what is known about the  influence of temperature on spermatogenesis in Nile tilapia. Available knowledge on the testicular organization, germ cells evolution and  the role of somatic cells in Nile tilapia was first presented. Studies on the effect of temperature on spermatogenesis in this species was  then synthesized at four levels, namely the influence of low temperatures (≤ 20°C), high temperatures (35°C) in mature males,  masculinization high temperatures (36°C) and high sterilizing temperatures (37°C). The various studies were consistent with the fact that  low temperatures compromise the evolution of spermatogenesis in Nile tilapia, while high temperatures accelerate spermatogenesis in  mature males. It is also evident that influence of heat treatments for sexual inversion or sterilization would be correlated with inter or  intra-strain variability of thermosensivity in sexual differentiation.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"24 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation de la qualité des eaux d’une ferme rizipiscicole à Bonoufla, Centreouest de la Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"Atto Delphin Kouadio, Barthelemy Zie, Kouakou Séraphin Konan, Gokou Jean Marie Djedje, N. Groga","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.31","url":null,"abstract":"Le maintien de la qualité optimale de l’eau pour la production de poissons dans les étangs rizipiscicoles constituent un défi majeur pour  les pisciculteurs ivoiriens. L’étude visait à caractériser les paramètres physicochimiques et la biomasse algale des eaux des étangs  rizipiscicoles d’une ferme utilisant des sous-produits agricoles. Pour ce faire, les paramètres physico-chimiques et la biomasse algale ont  été collectés mensuellement dans un barrage et dans quatre étangs rizipiscicoles de grossissement de Oreochromis niloticus. Les  résultats ont montré que les eaux des étangs rizipiscicoles étaient faiblement oxygénées et moins transparentes avec une forte conductivité et de matières dissoutes. Ces eaux étaient fortement ou très polluées, mais avaient une bonne aptitude à l’aquaculture. Les  moyennes du pH (5,05 à 6,4), de la conductivité (133,98 à 225,58 µS/cm) et de l’oxygène dissous (3,26 à 4,03 mg/l) de l’eau des étangs  rizipiscicoles étaient comprises dans les fourchettes favorables pour une meilleure croissance du tilapia. Les teneurs en nitrate et en  ammonium étaient significativement plus élevées dans les étangs rizipiscicoles que dans le barrage. La biomasse algale (8408,5 à 56313,5  µg/cl) et la demande biochimique en oxygène (10 à 24,15 mg/l) étaient significativement plus élevées dans l’Etang-4. Ces  résultats démontrent l’enrichissement des eaux des étangs rizipiscicoles en sels nutritifs et en microalgues par l’usage sous-produits  agricoles, ce qui optimiserait la productivité du poisson et du riz. \u0000  \u0000English title: Waters quality assessment of a rice-fish farm in Bonoufla, Central- Western Côte d'Ivoire \u0000A major challenge for fish farmers in Côte d'Ivoire is to maintain optimal water quality for fish production in rice-fish ponds. The study  aimed to characterize the physico-chemical parameters and algal biomass of the water in rice-fish ponds on a farm using agricultural by- products. To accomplish this, physico-chemical parameters and algal biomass were collected monthly in a dam and in four rice-fish  culture ponds where Oreochromis niloticus grown. The results showed that the water in the rice-fish ponds was poorly oxygenated and  less transparent, with high conductivity and dissolved solids. These waters were heavily or very heavily polluted, but had good suitability  for aquaculture. The rice-fish pond water averages for pH (5.05 to 6.4), conductivity (133.98 to 225.58 µS/cm) and dissolved oxygen (3.26  to 4.03 mg/l) were within the favorable ranges for tilapia growth. Nitrate and ammonium levels were significantly higher in the rice-fish  ponds than in the dam. Algal biomass (8408.5 to 56313.5 µg/cl) and biochemical oxygen demand (10 to 24.15 mg/l) were significantly higher in Etang-4. These results demonstrate the enrichment of rice-fish pond water with nutrients and microalgae through the use of  agricultural by-products, thereby optimizing fish and rice productivity. ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation de l’efficacité de composts à base de résidus de récolte du colatier et du caféier sur le bouturage du colatier (Cola nitida [Vent.] Schott and Endlicher.)","authors":"Drolet Jean-Marc Sery, L. Tokpa, Florent Zadi, Y. Ouattara, Jesus Amoa, E. J. B. Ohoueu, K. Gba","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.15","url":null,"abstract":"Les composts à base de résidus de récolte sont de plus en plus utilisés sans évaluation préalable. L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer  l’efficacité de quatre types de substrats (terreau ; compost à base de résidus de follicules et de feuilles de cola ; compost à base de  résidus de dépulpage + décorticage du café et compost à base de fientes de poules + résidus de décorticage du café) sur le bouturage de  deux clones de colatiers (315, D3/2L6A4). Le dispositif expérimental était un bloc factoriel disposé en Split-plot avec deux facteurs, le  génotype en grande parcelle et le type de substrat en petite parcelle. Trois mois après repiquage, le terreau a donné les meilleurs  résultats sur le diamètre au collet (4,45±1,63 mm), la production de feuilles (5,25±5,06), la hauteur (10,29±5,64 cm), la longueur des  racines (11,3±11,39 cm) et la matière sèche (1,64±1,61 g). Il est suivi en termes d’efficacité du compost à base de fientes de poules +  résidus de décorticage du café et le compost à base de résidus de follicules de cola. Contrairement au terreau, le compost à base de  résidus de dépulpage + décorticage du café n’est pas adapté pour le bouturage du colatier. La teneur en matière organique, en  phosphore et en potassium du substrat sont déterminants dans la réussite du bouturage. En perspectives, des tests de ces substrats en  combinaison pourraient être envisagés. \u0000  \u0000English title: Evaluation of the effectiveness of composts based on kola tree and coffee tree   harvest residues on kola tree cuttings (Cola  nitida [Vent.] Schott and Endlicher.) \u0000Composts made from harvest residues are increasingly used without prior evaluation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the  effectiveness of four substrates (topsoil; compost based on kola follicle residues; compost based on coffee pulping and hulling residues  and compost based on hen droppings + coffee hulling residues) on the cuttings of two kola tree clones (315, D3/2L6A4). The experimental  device was a factorial block arranged in a Split-plot with two factors, the genotype in a large plot and the type of substrate  in a small plot. Three months after transplanting, the topsoil gave the best results on growth, in particular plant collar diameter (4.45 ±  1.63 mm), the leaves production (5.25 ± 5.06), the plant height (10.29±5.64 cm), root length (11.3±11.39 cm) and plant dry matter  (1.64±1.61 g). It is followed in terms of effectiveness of compost based on chicken droppings + coffee hulling residues and compost based  on cola follicle residues. Unlike topsoil, compost made from residues from pulping + hulling of coffee is not suitable for kola tree  cuttings. The organic matter, phosphorus and potassium content of a substrate are important characteristics in cuttings success. In the  future, tests of these substrates in combination could be considered.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etude ethnopharmacologique des plantes médicinales utilisées dans le traitement traditionnel de parasitoses gastro-digestifs des aulacodes d’élevage dans quelques départements du Bénin","authors":"Téniola Isabelle Sacramento, Parfait Yawo Anani, O. Sangaré, Tresor Dikpe, Basile Kommy, J. Ategbo","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.6","url":null,"abstract":"L’étude ethnopharmacologique a été réalisée sur les plantes à vertus anthelminthiques utilisées dans le traitement des problèmes  gastro-intestinaux chez les aulacodes d’élevage. Cette étude avait pour objectif de répertorier ces plantes utilisées au sud et au centre  Bénin. Pour cela, des enquêtes ont été menées dans 15 communes. Au total, 55 plantes ont été recensées avec des indications sur leur  utilisation et parmi lesquelles Vernonia amygdalina (12%), Carica papaya (10,67%), Nauclea latifolia (8%), Azadirachta indica (5,33%), Eleas  guineensis (5,33%) et Adansonia digitata (4%) ont été les espèces les plus citées. Les feuilles et les fruits étaient les plus sollicitées  dans l’alimentation des aulacodes. Les modes d’utilisation et d’administration diffèraient d’un aulacodiculteur à un autre. Les familles les  plus représentées étaient les Asteraceae (10,90%), Mimosaceae (9,09%), Euphorbiaceae (7,27%), Cesalpiniacea (5,45%), Rutaceae  (5,45%), Bombacaceae (3,63%), Cucurbitaceae (3,63%), Meliaceae (3,63%), Papilionaceae (3,63%), Rubiaceae, (3,63%) et Vitaceae (3,63%).  Les aulacodiculteurs utilisaient plus les feuilles (40%) et les fruits (37%) que la plante entière (8%), la tige (6%), les racines (5%) et les  écorces (4%). Leurs propriétés antiparasitaires étaient induites par des composés chimiques qui devront être identifiés ultérieurement à  travers les recherches phytochimiques. \u0000English title: Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants used in the traditional treatment of gastro-digestive parasitoses of farmed  grasscutter in some departments of Benin \u0000The ethnopharmacological study was carried out on plants with anthelmintic properties used in the treatment of gastrointestinal  problems in farmed grasscutter. This study aimed to list these plants used in southern and central Benin. For this, surveys were carried  out in 13 municipalities. In total, 55 plants were identified with indications on their use and including Vernonia amygdalina (12%), Carica  papaya (10.67%), Nauclea latifolia (8%), Azadirachta indica (5.33%), Eleas guineensis (5.33%) and Adansonia digitata (4%) were the most cited species. The leaves and fruits were the most used in the grasscutter diet. Methods of use and administration differed from one  grasscutter farmer to another. The most represented families were Asteraceae (10.90%), Mimosaceae (9.09%), Euphorbiaceae (7.27%), Leg- Caes (5.45%), Rutaceae (5.45%), Bombacaceae (3.63%), Cucurbitaceae (3.63%), Meliaceae (3.63%), Papilionaceae (3.63%), Rubiaceae, (3.63%) and  Vitaceae (3.63%). Grasscutters used the leaves (40%) and fruits (37%) more than the whole plant (8%), the stem (6%), the roots (5%) and  the bark (4%). Their antiparasitic properties were induced by chemical compounds which will have to be identified later through  phytochemical research. ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"106 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caractérisation physico-chimique des composts élaborés à base des fientes de volaille et des déchets phosphatés du Togo","authors":"Ablam Lazare Afanou, M. B. Bodjona, Ida Diribissakou, Ayi Kevin Ajavon, Komlavi Hubert Edoh, G. Tchangbedji","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.30","url":null,"abstract":"Le traitement des phosphates naturels du Togo génère des déchets phosphatés (les refus de crible et la boue phosphatée) qui causent  d’énormes problèmes environnementaux immédiats. L’objectif de ce travail était de valoriser ces déchets avec les fientes de volaille en  compost. Quatre composts ont été élaborés : le compost A constitué de 66,7% de fientes de volaille et 33,3% de boue phosphatée ; le  compost B constitué de 66,7% de fientes de volaille et 33,3% de refus de crible ; le compost C constitué de 66,7% de fientes de volailles,  16,7% de boue phosphatée et 16,7% de refus de crible puis le compost D constitué de 100% de fientes de volaille. Tous les composts ont  présenté une température supérieure ou égale à 60°C pendant le processus de maturation. Le compost D seul a présenté un rapport C/N >10. Les teneurs en CaO dans les composts variaient de 55,30 à 73,16 mg/gMS et celles en P2O5 variaient de 34,40 à 140 mg/gMS. Les  teneurs en Na2O et en K2O variaient respectivement de 15,13 à 24,01 mg/gMS et 12,60 à 36,80 mg/gMS. Tous les composts produits  étaient riches en nutriments et pouvaient être utilisés pour restaurer les sols.  \u0000  \u0000English title: Physico-chemical characterization of composts made from poultry droppings and phosphate wastes from Togo \u0000Physico-chemical characterization of composts made from poultry droppings and phosphate wastes from Togo  The processing of    natural phosphates in Togo generates phosphate wastes (sieve residues and phosphate mud) which cause many immediate    environmental problems. The objective of this research work was to recover these wastes with poultry droppings in compost. Four    composts have been elaborated: compost A made up of 66.7% poultry droppings and 33.3% phosphate mud; compost B made up of    66.7% poultry droppings and 33.3% sieve residue; compost C made up of 66.7% poultry droppings, 16.7% phosphate mud and 16.7%   sieve  residue and compost D made up of 100% poultry droppings. All the composts presented a temperature greater than or equal to    60°C during the maturation process. Compost D alone had a C/N ratio of >10. The CaO contents in the composts varied from 55.30 to    73.16 mg/gMS and those of P2O5 varied from 34.40 to 140 mg/gMS. The Na2O and K2O contents varied respectively from 15.13 to 24.01    mg/gMS and 12.60 to 36.80mg/gMS. All the composts produced were rich in nutrients and could be used to refurbish soils.      ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomics analysis techniques and Bioinformatics approaches for biomarkers discovery","authors":"Ousseynou Ben Diouf, M. Soumboundou, Cheikh Sall","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.26","url":null,"abstract":"Proteomics is the study of all the proteins expressed in the proteome and offer new avenues of research in the biomedical field. The  recent development of protein analysis tools has continued to improve, offering a wide range of technologies categorised according to  their ability to analyse and identify protein such as MSbased technology. These novels tools have been invaluable to the rise of  proteomics and permitted significant progress in the identification of clinically applicable biomarkers and new therapeutic targets  although detection of very low abundance proteins remains difficult. Due to the high throughput data generated by proteomic mass spectrometric analysis, automatic biomarker identification requires bioinformatics and database screening. Bioinformatics allows the  development of new algorithms and software for the interpretation of mass spectrometry data in order to facilitate the exploitation of  the data and the validation of potentially discovered biomarkers. The aim of this paper was to discuss the analytical techniques used in  protein biomarker discovery and the usefulness of bioinformatics for the interpretation and validation of the data generated.  ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of two biocontrols on the accumulation of phenolic compounds and leaf pigments in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] leaves in northern Côte d'Ivoire","authors":"Achi Laurent N’cho, H. A. N’da, Gnénakan Yeo, Lassina Fondio","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.10","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to find an alternative to chemical control by improving sorghum's natural defense system. The effect of two  biocontrols, Vacciplant and Calliet, on phenolic compound and leaf pigment levels was evaluated. Vacciplant was prepared at  concentrations of 0.675; 0.9; 1.125; 1.35 and 1.575 mg/mL, while Calliet was prepared at concentrations of 4 ; 8 ; 12 ; 16 and 20 mg/mL.  After preparation, the biocontrol solutions were sprayed onto sorghum leaves 60 days old. Incubation times of 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours  were observed after spraying. The sorghum leaves were then harvested and freeze-dried for quantification of total phenols and leaf  pigments. Results showed that Vacciplant at a concentration of 1.125 mg/mL after 72 hours of incubation allowed to have the highest  contents of total phenols (76.63 mg/g MF), while Calliet at concentration of 4.00 mg/mL after 24 hours of incubation allowed to have the  highest contents of total phenols (67.28 mg/g MF). With regard to photosynthetic activity, the results also showed an increase in leaf  pigment content following the application of biocontrols. The use of biocontrols could therefore be an interesting alternative to chemical  control in sorghum.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight-length and total length-standard length factor relationships, and condition factor of the main fish species in Lake Maabo, Chad (Central Africa)","authors":"Abba Amba Brahim, Pierre K. Houndonogbo, I. S. Baglo, Antoine Chikou, P. Lalèyè","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.3","url":null,"abstract":"The fish communities of Lake Maabo are little studied despite the increasing fishing effort on this ecosystem. The present study aims to  establish weight-length (Pt = a Lt b) and total length-standard length (LT = p + q LS) relationships, and to determine the condition factor  of the main species of Lake Maabo. To this end, morphometric data were collected monthly between January 2016 and December 2019 from artisanal fisheries. A total of 4,891 specimens belonging to 25 commercial fish species were caught using various fishing gears andtechniques. The regression coefficient b ranged from 1.17 (Hydrocynus forskali) to 4.69 in (Ctenopoma kingsleyae). Two species showed positive allometric growth, 2 with isometric growth and 21 species with negative allometric growth. The total length-standard length relationship was positive and significant for all species (r2 between 0.666 and 0.999). Only Tetraodon lineatus had a condition factor within the range recommended for mature tropical freshwater fish. The condition factor ranged from 0.536±0.182 to 3.810±0.850, with an  overall mean of 1.804±0.833. These results showed that fish in Lake Maabo are under increasing anthropogenic pressure. They show the  need to study the population dynamics of the most exploited species in that Lake.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"26 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production artisanale de biochar à partir des tiges de cotonniers du Togo : Analyse de sa qualité pour sa valorisation en amendement organiques","authors":"M. B. Bodjona, Massama-Esso N'goumtete, Diheenane Diyakadola Bafai, Awedeou Kedjeba, G. Tchangbedji, Biritandjoma Ezekias Batako","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.27","url":null,"abstract":"D’après une étude menée par Institut Togolais de la Recherche Agronomiques en 2018, 300 mille tonnes de tiges de cotonniers sont  produites au Togo mais ne sont pas valorisées. Ces résidus agricoles constituent un encombrement pour les espaces cultivables et voire  un risque environnemental lorsqu’ils sont brûlés. L’objectif de ce travail était de valoriser les tiges de cotonniers en les transformant en  biochar pour l’amendement des sols cultivables. Le biochar obtenu dans ce travail est élaboré en mettant les tiges de coton dans un  réacteur artisanal pendant 3 heures. L’échantillon a été constitué en rendant en poudre le biochar élaboré. Les paramètres  physicochimiques permettant d’apprécier la qualité du matériau élaboré ont été déterminés avec des méthodes normées. Les résultats  révèlent la teneur en matière organique de 82% et 47,67% en carbone organique. Le pH obtenu était basique dans l’ordre de 10,14. Ce  paramètre permettra de corrigé le pH des sols acides. L’analyse au spectrophotomètre d’absorption atomique a permis de trouver les  teneurs suivantes : l’azote 1324,25 mg/kg ; le potassium 1054,05 mg/kg ; le magnésium 892,87 mg/kg ; le calcium 2647,64 mg/kg et  l’azote 622,47 mg/kg. La présence de ces éléments dans le biochar servira d’apport minéraux au plantes. On note la présence de  quelques éléments traces métalliques dans le biochar tels que Cu (1,54 ± 0,33 mg/kg) ; Ni (0,16 ± 0,28 mg/kg) ; Pb (0,34 ± 0,20 mg/kg) et  Fe (128,79 ± 17,31 mg/kg). Les teneurs des éléments traces métalliques étaient inférieurs aux normes en vigueur. En se basant sur les  paramètres analytiques, le biochar élaboré présente de bonnes caractéristiques pour un amendement dans les sols agricoles. \u0000  \u0000English title: Artisanal production of biochar from Togo cotton stems : analysis of its quality for use in organic soil improvers \u0000According to a study conducted by the Togolese Institute of Agronomic Research in 2018, 300 thousand tons of cotton stems are  produced in Togo but are not valorized. These agricultural residues constitute a congestion for cultivable areas and even an  environmental risk when burned. The aim of this work is to valorize cotton stems by into biochar that could be used in agriculture for  soils improvement. The biochar obtained in this work was made after carbonization in a homemade reactor for 3 hours. The sample was  formed by powdering the biochar prepared. The physico-chemical parameters for assessing the quality of the material developed were determined using standardized methods. The results reveal the organic matter content of 82% and 47.67% organic carbon. The pH  obtained was alkaline in the order of 10.14. Analysis with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer revealed the following contents:  nitrogen 1324.25 mg/kg; potassium 1054.05 mg/kg; magnesium 892.87 mg/kg; calcium 2647.64 mg/kg and nitrogen 622.47 mg/kg. We  noticed the presence of some metallic trace elements in biochar such as Cu (1.54 ± 0.33 mg / kg); Ni (0.16 ± 0","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"21 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}